Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 97, Indianapolis, Marion County, 1 September 1932 — Page 6

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What Are Essentials? In the making of budget* for the coming year, pressure is being put on the various officials to limit the expenditures of taxes to so-called essentials. Os course, interest and bond payments are at the top of the list. Interest goes on whether wages are cut to the bone and public facilities reduced to fewest levels. Officials who have to do with the protection of property come next. There would be a very general protest from the big taxpayers, who are now very much interested in tax reductions, if there was any limitation of forces that would leave property to the menace of either fire or plunder. The same taxpayers see no particular danger in reducing the cost of maintaining the morale of a people already rather desperate and many of w'hom have last their capacity to obtain either entertainment or amusement. The thoughtless are asking that library facilities be reduced. The more thoughtless are asking that all expense of public recreation be cut out. Men without jobs should not expect anything but the basket of food that is given by the township trustee. Asa matter of fact, the most essential of all public enterprises this year is some method and plan of permitting people to play and play in groups. Thousands of men, women and children, who formerly bought amusement are now finding it impossible to pay the price of movies, dances, even cards for games. / Play is the one method of escape from the realities of life, and life is very real these times to an increasing number of people. The real leader this year will not be the politician who formulates anew doctrine, but the man or woman with enough imagination to get every one in this community into a group devoted to amusement that will cost nothing but will occupy minds and take thoughts away from troubles of the present and fear for the future. Budget makers will be lacking in wisdom if they try to whittle expenses to the lowest point by refusing to consider plans for community play. It may not cost money. It may take only an idea plus the use of public buildings for community gatherings. The big essential this year is not food and clothing. It is something that will take thg minds of men and W’omen away from their worries.

The People Lead Politicians have a favorite alibi. They constantly are saying they favor this or that reform, but must go slow because of the public—the public’s hostility to change, the public’s stupidity, the public's indifference. But, in fact, public opinion often is far in advance of the politicians. This has been true at almost every international or so-called peace conference. The people have been more courageous and more intelligent than the governmnts which misrepresented them. That accounts in large part for the cruel and unworkable Paris peace treaties, reparations, and failing disarmament conferences—the politicians showed less statesmanship than public opinion. The same is true of prohibition. Only five years after the public reaction against prohibition have some of the politicians come around to seeing the failure of a system which the mass of mere citizens sensed before. Now, public opinion is in advance of the administration, of congress, and of the political candidates, in understanding this depression. Proof of this is to be found in the statements this week by the Federal Council of Churches and the National League of Women Voters. These bodies represent two of the largest blocs of organized public opinion in the country, speaking for many millions of citizens. * * The platform of the League of Women Voters follows: “Reorganization of government units, especially local units, to prevent waste. Establishment of budget systems to promote efficiency. *’ “Extension of the merit system to eliminate the Waste of the spoils system. Reduction of expenditures for war, to release funds for other governmental services, which now receive only 31 per cent of the federal budget. “Maintenance of standards and opposition to destructive economy which threatens essential services, such as public schools, public health nursing, child welfare, labor inspection and agricultural extension services; which threatens commissions and agencies designed to lower living costs and prevent unfair trade practices; and which threatens the status of women in governmental employ; readjustment of tax burdens. “Provision for public funds to be administered by trained personnel. Establishment of a coordinated system of federal and state employment exchanges as one factor in the prevention as well as the relief of unemployment; and regulation of private employment agencies; state legislation for unemployment insurance. “Economic international conferences on war debts and tarifTs, to remove causes of war and maintain standards of living. Adherence of the United States to the world court. Devices to make effective the pact of Paris. "International reduction of armaments.” In its Labor day message, the Federal Council 6ays: “Religious prophets always have denounced the gross inequality between the incomes on the one hand of those who toil in factory, mine, farm, and office and of those, on the other hand, who, by inheritance or privilege of ownership or speculative investment derive incomes not earned by actual service. “Inequality is a peril to the rich, because it tempts them to a narrowing of their sympathies and false scale of values. It is a curse to the poor, because it means misery for underpaid, irregularly employed workers, crowded in insanitary tenements, shacks, or company houses, exposed to the constant fear of illness unprovided for, and old age insecure. “Our economic resources, our progress in invention and the arts, our social inheritance now should make possible a worthy standard of living for all, if the organization of production and distribution were directed toward that end. “The thing that really matters in any industrial aystem is what is actually does to human beings. For this reason, no society that would call itself Christian, or even civilized, can tolerate such unemployment as we now see in our economic life.” When statesmen think and officials act in respo ike to such enlightened public opinion, we shall have really representative government.

The Indianapolis Times (A gCRIFPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER) OwnM and pnbllahed daily (except Sunday) by The lndianapolig Times Publishing Cos., 21* 220 W*>t Maryland Street. Indianapolis, Ind. Price in Marion County. 2 cents a copy; elsewherp. 3 c*>nts—delivered by carrier. 12 cents a week. Mail (subscription rates in Indiana. *3 a year; outside of Indiana, S3 cents a month. BOTD OURLEY. ROY W. HOWARD. KARL D. BAKER Editor President Business Manager PHONE—Riley SWH THURSDAY. SEPT. 1, 1832. Member of United Press, Scrlpps-Howard Newspaper Alliance. Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

California Primaries California Republicans on Tuesday defeated their straddling senator, Samuel M. Shortridge, and nominated a young state senator, Tallant Tubbs, a wringing wet. On the same day the Democrats nominated straddling William Gibbs McAdoo for senator, instead their wet candidate, Justus wardell. Shortridge's defeat was significant. Not only was this the first test of Hoover strength, and a repudiation, in Hoover’s state, of one of the administration’s rubber stamps. It ■was a rebuke to the sort of Republicanism that this country has suffered for the last twelve years. Shortridge typified this Republicanism. He walked untroubled through the Harding oij scandals. He kept cool with Coolidge. He followed the Hoover path as faithfully as Mary's lamb. He voted to seat Newberry, Frank Smith, Judge Parker. Until he smelled the moisture in the wind he was dry; then he came out for half-way resubmiss'on and against repeal. The Anti-Saloon League indorsed another candidate, the wets flocked to Tubbs. Shortridge was defeated by the dry vote of southern California that always had seen him through. On other things also he wobbled. He was for a*hd against the world- court, for and against the bonus. Only on the high tariff was he consistent. Always he was optimistic. It was, under the benign G. O. P. sun, the best of all possible worlds. Even optimistic California couldn’t accept such political philosophy. McAdoo's nomination was no such victory for candor. While supported by some liberal elements, McAdoo weasled on prohibition and the tariff. McAdoo may defeat young Tubbs, with the help of the dry votes of Shortridge’s two southern opponents, and California in 1932 may repeat the history of 1916. At any rate, it has given the G. O. P. something to think about.

A Challenge to America To keep her two children from going hungry an Ohio woman will serve five months in the workhouse. She has committed no offense and the imprisonment is Quite voluntary. She is going to jail because neither she nor a police probation officer could find any other way in which the little boys, 7 and 8 years old, could be fed and clothed. The story of the family’s misfortune is not anew one. The boys’ father died, the young widow remarried and the second marriage was a failure. Working in a candy factory, the mother earned sl6 a week and provided for her children. Then she lost her job. For a time the grandparents cared for the boys, but money became scarcer. There were too many mouths to feed. So the little boys went hungry, and the mother, with no work, could not support even herself. It was a friend’s advice that sent her to the probation officer, who arranged the solution. In the workhouse this mother can earn sls a month, which will care for her children. The grandfather swore out the warrant for his daughter’s arrest—the charge was neglecting her children—saying, “If I had the money I never would do this.” On the face of it, these unfortunates jire better off than thousands of others. They are going to be fed and sheltered—at least for five months. But when a great American city has no other answer for a mother trying to support her children than to send her to jail, surely the challenge can not be ignored. Archaic and cumbersome legal machinery should not be allowed to stand in the way. Prison walls are not the answer for this problem. Unemployment insurance, old age pensions, enlightened relief from those who have pienty for those who are helpless—these point the way out. The public wants to be taken beyond the horizon by its entertainment, says G. PJPutnam, now a movie mag. That shows what a clever man can do to disguise the fact that the public being taken for a ride. Ex-Governor Bilbo of Mississippi recently said he would kick Huey Long off the front pages if he is elected to congress. Now he is being swamped with letters from well-wishers. That Chicago outfielder who played eighteen innings without a fielding chance the other day should thank his lucky stars he is in baseball. In big business, he would have been laid off by the end of the fourth inning. After listening to a few campaign demonstrations, we don't wonder that people call politics a racket.

Just Every Day Sense By Mrs. Walter Ferguson

THE silent vote is said to be a powerful political factor. But is not the silent candidate even more potent? Quiet, modest Mrs. Hattie Caraway in Arkansas upset all the prophets, and against six men won the renomination to the United States senate, mainly, I think, by keeping still. She made no speeches in the senate chamber, but always was on hand to vote. She did not clutter up the Congressional Record with drivel, but never failed to reply to a letter. She did more than she said. Therefore, she is not only a credit to her sex, but to the congress of the United States, which is responsible for more loose and futile talk than any other body on earth. , Most astounding of all, Mrs. Caraway defeated a gentleman of the old school, a champion spellbinder, ex-Governor Charles Brough, whose career has been one long record of grandiloquence and whose oratory for years has echoed over the Ozark hills and reverberated across the plains of the southwest. # * * DOES this, perchance, signify that the candidate armed only with a speech is to be doomed at last to oblivion? I hope so. For we assuredly have suffered enough from philippics and there is something vastly ironic in a silent woman defeating a noisy man at the polls. Yet, though the sound of their voices may have diverted our attention from the fact, the truth is that the great mouthpieces generally have lost high offices to less voluble men. Review the list if you please. Clay, Webster, Calhoun, Blaine, and Bryan—all deprived of their greatest desire, it may be, because they talked too often and too well. It also is significant that the most silent man this country ever knew, Calvin Coolidge, had the opportunity to refuse a third term in the White House—an unprecedented honor. The lesson is plain. Let him who /uns take heed.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy

Wherever Humanity Has Made Real Progress It Has Been Led by Students. VTEW YORK. Sept. I.—Birds huddled when the light grew dim, huddled and twittered just as they do at twilight. People would have acted much the same way 1,000 years ago, except that they would have been vastly more afraid. They would have known just enough to realize that something was wrong, that night was coming on too early, and that some strange, mysterious force apparently was interfering with the usual course of events. A little knowledge is not only dangerous, but the source of unnecessary fear. Now that we know what causes' eclipses, we no longer are scared. The same kind of enlightenment would afford us the same kind of relief with regard to other phenomena. Why are we so scared of depression, cancer, or social unrest? The answer is obvious. We do not know the cause. tt tt tt Study Revealed Truth Astronomers made little progress until they abandoned the idea that argument would give them light. As long as they contented themselves with disputation, with merely asserting that such or such a theory was right, they learned nothing of value. Only when they quit talking to one another and got down to quiet, purposeful study did they begin to discover the truth. The same thing is true of medicine, chemistry and mechanics. Wherever humanity has made real progress, it has been.led by students, by men and women who had a nobler object than to steal each other’s thunder, or get each other’s job. We need the same spirit in politics, business and the administration of justice, need to realize that trial by combat, whether physical or mental, proves nothing.

Science Aids Progress DURING the last two centuries, science has wrought a tremendous revolution in human affairs, has persuaded people to work differently, live differently, and think differently. The best part of it is that science has accomplished all this without precipitating war, or causing even a major disturbance. Why can’t we take the same calm view of study and initiative in politics that we do in chemistry, or transportation? Why can’t we give our best minds opportunity to function? Why can’t we make experiments on a small scale and let the result speak for itself? # n Knowledge Is Hope DURING the last fifty or seven-ty-five years, we Americans virtually have quit studying politics and allied subjects. We won’t even Vike the trouble to vote. No national election yet has found twothirds of those eligible at the polls. Whether as'office-seekers or citizens, our chief interest in politics turns on what we think we can get out of it. Suppose astronomers had worked on the same motive, would we know as much as we do about eclipses? Our one hope lies in knowledge and still more knowledge. We can not get it except through honest, unselfish study, through a type of ambition which seeks something higher than profit, or fat pay. When our politicians do what astronomers, doctors, engineers and chemists have done, when they are inspired by the idea of discovering causes and providing remedies, even if they don’t make quite such a splurge in the spotlight, many of our present-day worries and fears will begin to dissipate.

Questions and Answers

Was Amelia Earhart-Putnam born and educated in the United States? Did she serve in the Red Cross during the World war? She was born in Atchison, Kan., in 1898, and was graduated from Hyde Park school, Chicago, and Ogontz School for Girls in Philadelphia. She entered the Canadian Red Cross and served as nurses’ aid from 1917 to 1918. How large is the organ in the Chicago stadium? It has six consoles, the pipes and trappings represent the equivalent of twenty-five brass bands of 100 instruments each. A 100-horse power blower furnishes the air to operate it. Who is the American vice-consul at Riga, Latvia? Bernard Gufler. What is the name for the study of ants? Hymenopterology.

Hoover and Curtis The Republican party offers them as its candidates for President and Vice-President in the election in November. You have read and heard a great deal about both these men, who have been in the public eye for so long, and a great deal you have read and heard you have forgotten, or can not quite pin down in your memory. Our Washington bureau has answered thousands of questions on the life and w r ork of both of them in the last few years, and now it has prepared in narrative form, in one of its printed bulletins, a condensed but complete story of the life of each man, giving all the pertinent facts you want to know. This bulletin will be a valuable reference source for you whenever you want to verify or disprove some fact or alleged fact about either man. Fill out the coupon below and send for this bulletin. CLIP COUPON HERE Dept. 197, Washington Bureau, The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York avenue, Washington, D. C. I want a copy of the bulletin “Biographies of the Republican Party Candidates,” and enclose herewith 5 cents in coin, or loose, uncanceled United States postage stamps, to cover return postage and handling costs. NAME STREET AND NUMBER CITY STATE I am a reader of The Indianapolis Times. (Code No.) Our Washington bureau also will offer a similar bulletin on the "Democratic Party Candidates.” Watch for the offer in this newspaper.

The Skipper Sights Land Again

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Electrical Death Rate High in U. S.

This is the first of two articles fey Dr. Fishbein on electrical accidents. The second will be printed Friday. BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. THE Leyden jar was discovered in Holland and Benjamin Franklin flew his kite and drew down lightning from the sky before the beginning of the nineteenth century. Electrical applications were made also as early as 1754, with a view to treatment of paralysis. There is recorded in the Philosophical Transactions published in England in 1754 the case of a girl w'ho tvas paralyzed by electrical shock.

Times Readers Voice Their Views

Editor Times—May I remind M. W. Pershing that there are some others of us who remember the period between 1893 and 1898; but instead of remembering it, however, as ten times worse than now, we remember it only about one-tenth as bad —considering all our boasted progress and higher standard of living. If Mr. Pershing does not believe there are any bread lines and soup kitchens now, he would better look about him. The press, for the most part is Republican (for reasons best known to it and to that party), else the distressing conditions of today would be blazoned in great headlines on the front pages of the newspapers. Then perhaps Mr. Pershing would know better how to make comparisons. In reminiscing about 1893, I wonder if he has forgotten why Benjamin Harrison was not re-elected in 1892; if he has forgotten the deluge that was everted only by political became President and then burst in all its fury, for which he (Cleveland) had unjustly to bear the blame and for which his party has suffered ever since; if he has forgotten the empty treasury that Cleveland inherited. Today you can go to any city of any size in these United States, and you will find the suburban “Hoover - ville” where men (not the ordinary tramp and hobo), but good ambitious men, are living with their wives and children like rats in caves, tents, unbelievable shacks and subsisting on refuse from thfe garbage can. And this in a land of abundance and waste! And in spite of all the charity organizations that are taxed to the limit and most of which were unknown in 1893. If it were not for these organizations, the bread line of America would encircle the globe. The “splendid attitude and forbearance of the people” is due to discouragement, low morale, the broken spirit from the many rebuffs in their search for work. All this has made them indifferent and apathetic. Nothing is so demoralizing as to give up. When our red-blooded

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE

The first two accidents definitely recorded In England occurred in 1879, when a stage carpenter was killed by an alternating current of 250 volts, and in 1880, when a member of an orchestra in a theater in Birmingham was killed by a short circuit. Dr. MacDonald Critchley finds that there are 2,000 injuries annually from electricity in each of the big countries of Europe except Germany, in which the average number is about 400. In the United States the average death rate is one to 100,000 or 1,200 per year. In Germany it is only 0.6 per 100,000, and in England and Wales it is only 0.7 per 100,000.

American working man has reached this point, then, indeed, lie is in a pitiable condition. It would not seem nearly so sad and hopeless if they really were forming mobs and actually fighting with their hands for what they need. And as for the dearth of strikes just now, how could there be strikes when there are no jobs? The few people who have jobs are only too glad to get them at any price, so why strike? The comparison Mr. Pershing makes in that regard is absurd. If he will review his history just a little, and try to take a more unbiased view in comparing presentday conditions with others in the past, he will be ashamed of having perverted the truth as he did in his letter to the Star of Aug. 17, 1932. MRS. S. J. CARTER, New Augusta, Ind. Editor Times—At this time when we are in dire need we are imposed upon by the Indiana Bell Telephone Company. Our rates on a private line is $2.75. Residence phones have not come down one cent; in fact, they are trying to make people pay storage fees for their own negligence in not taking phones out when called on to do so. Help has been cut and service is not first-class as it should be. Our business phones are $5.50 or pay station, which is more graft for the company. Why don’t some of our officials take this matter up? Our city building and courthouse have twenty to twenty-five phones. This would be a great saving if the prices were made at a reasonable amount, not sky-high, as at present. Two dollars is plenty for a private line phone in a residence and $4.50 is plenty for business houses. Each and every one of us would like to have the telephone service we are entitled to, and not have fines imposed on us when we can not pay promptly as a half-second to turn a switch is not worth 50 cents, and the individual is not paid in this measure. When corporations of this kind do not treat men as dirt, then we will all be better off. But if corporations were forced to decency, present conditions would not exist. A READER. Newcastle, Ind.

Editor Times—From time to time I know of no other news medium capable of matching your human editorials appearing for the sake of the community, state and nation. Your paper can not fail to win the multitude for your fearless and courageous stand for the people. However, it behooves the writer; to draw your attention to ‘‘veterans versus veterans'’ of Aug. 18 issue, which I fear is untimely and unjust. I am one of four brothers who served during the World war. Not one receives a cent from the j government, no one is employed gainfully. Each can produce the finest ere- ‘ dentials as to character and citizen-! ship. All had splendid occupations before answering the call to fight for the greedy capitalists. Each has his despairing dependents. The only thing alarming about the veteran is that he recognizes his welfare was commercialized into rotten, corrupt politics. The present cash outlay for veterans’ administration is hideous, but do the people realize that nearly of the grand total is paid to nonveteran employes for expenses? Do not blame the veteran. Blame our unpatriotic men who turned a human necessity into the rottenest political graft in history.

Some investigators are inclined to attribute the low death rate in England to the backwardness of the electrical industry in that country. The exact mode of death in cases of fatal electrical accidents is not clear. Many feel that it is due to paralysis of that portion of the brain which is responsible for breathing and certainly it is possible to demonstrate changes in the brain after electrical shock. The nervous system is a poor conductor of electricity and therefore often severely is injured by passing of electric currents. Sometimes electrical injury to the central nervous system may not produce immediate serious effects, but be followed later by progressive disorders that are serious.

How about big business, which sponsored hundreds of needless expenditures, so it could reap enormous profit out of materials? Please study facts and then, with your same fearless courage, print it so the public will see the other side. VETERAN. Editor Times—The action of the recent special session of the Indiana legislature has been one of considerable speculation—and surprise—until we reflect upon a rather common disposition to take care of oneself whatever else we do. A large cut in salaries—all over $1,200 —following the adroit evasion of a per diem cut, which would have included in its operations the sympathy and kinship of representatives of the people in the worldwide need and share in the sacrifices of the people! Should it penetrate the active intelligence of so-called leaders of the populations of the earth that supposed followers are very impressionable to example, in fact, are quite docilely sheeplike, it might not seem strange to conclude that instances of selfishness and exclusive self care would hardly be effective instruments in promoting a generous state of civilized existence. JAMES PAXTON VOORHEES. Plainfield, Ind. Editor Times—When the papers announced that the pari-mutuel betting bill would die by the “pocket veto’’ route, and our dear Governor left the statement in which he said, “I am opposed to educating our children with gangland money,” why, Mr. Editor, I began to yell hurrah, maybe four or five times, and then all at once I remembered that Illinois and Kentucky are right up against us, so to speak. So I got mad at him for allowing them to be that close to us, contaminating our citizens, and unless he moves them away from us and substitutes Kansas and North Dakota, so our people can’t go into those bad, bad states so often, I am to vote the Democratic ticket this fall. S. R. AKIN.

Editor Times —May I express to you my desire that we have such a radio broadcasting station in our city as is described by Rev. Morris H. Coers of the Thirty-First Street Baptist church? A Golden Rule station! I have been listening to Mr. Coer’s messages every Sunday afternoon that he broadcast and enjoyed them very much. Surely our city will be beter ofl to have God exalted more in our listeners’ ears. Every convenience we have today is traced back to God, who made the heaven and the earth and also created man. Trusting and praying that a permit will be given station WJED and may God’s work be earned on orderly and reverently, I am sincerely, NORVILLA REYNOLDS. Editor Times—l wish to thank you for the interest you have shown in the Thirty-first Street Baptist church and the radio station which our pastor has worked so hard to get. He is very deserving and I am eager for him to succeed in this venture, as well as all others that are spiritual. We take The Times and like it so well we would not, if we could help it, do without it. MRS. C. H. BUSH. 550 West Thirty-first street.

.SEPT. 1, 1932

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

Sun Spot Observation May Be Aid to Long Range Weather Forecasting. INCREASING attention is being given by many scientists to a study of the sun, and particularly of sun spots, in the hope that it will lead to a method of long-range weather forecasting. Among pioneers in this field of study is Dr. C. G. Abbot, secretary of the Smithsonian institution. The Smithsonian institution maintains three observatories at which daily measurements are made of the total radiation or energy output of the sun. These observatories are located at Washington, D. C.; Table Mountain, Cal., and Montezuma, Chile. A fourth station at Mt. Brukkaros, South Africa, was occupied for five.years, but has been abandoned because of difficulties caused by haze and high winds. Plans are under way to relocate this observatory in Asia. Studies now are being made at Mt. St. Catherine. about twelve miles south ot Mt. Sinai. While Mt. Sinai usually is accepted as the one which Moses ascended, the biblical account is rather vague and many scholars think that Mt. St. Catherine is the one indicated by the biblical account. Dr. Abbot and his associates are attempting to work out a method of forecasting weather based on variations in the amount of heat radiated daily by the sun. Other scientists are attempting to work out a method of forecasting weather based on variations in the amount of heat radiated daily by the sun. Other scientists are attempting to work out a method of forecasting weather from observations of sun spots. u tt Radiation Not Constant DR. SETH B. NICHOLSON, one of the experts of the Mt. Wilson observatory, recently discussed “Sun Spots and the Weather” at a meeting of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. “A comparatively casual study of the sun is sufficient to demonstrate that its radiation is not constant,” Dr. Nicholson says. "Examined with a telescope, its surface is found to have a mottled appearance, owing to small variations in temperature over areas a few hundred square miles in extent. These fine details are called granulations. ‘‘Much larger dark areas known as sun spots usually are also visible, in which the temperature of the radiating surface is hundreds of degrees less than that of the surrounding regions. Accompanying the sun spots are bright areas, called faculae, where the radiative temperature is higher than the normal. “The granulations, spots and faculae are continually changing as a result, we may safely assume that the integrated radiation is not constant.” Sun spots appear and disappear on the sun’s surface with an average life of but a week or two, although the largest may remain visible for weeks or even months. Since the period of solar rotation relative to the earth is nearly one month, the monthly mean number of spots observed daily gives an index of the spottedness over the whole solar surface. “The spottedness of the sun varies in a somewhat irregular fashion with a fundamental period of a little over eleven years.”

‘Sun Spots Indicate Change IT is pointed out by Dr. Nicholson that the sun spots in themselves cannot produce any great change in the amount of solar radiation. But they are important because they are indications of changes in solar radiation and are more easily observed than the changes in radiation. “Correlations of solar activity with terrestial variables of many kinds have been made for many years,” Dr. Nicholson continues. “The earliest which has come to my attention was made by Sir William Herschel in 1801. “He lamented the lack of good observations of weather conditions and decided that the market price of wheat was probably a better index of weather than any direct observations that the meteorologists could furnish. He came to the conclusion that the price of wheat was highest when there were no spots. We safely may predict that a minimum of sun spots now is approaching; but those who wish to make their fortunes in the wheat market should heed the warning with which Herschel closed his paper: ‘This prediction ought not to be relied on by any one with more confidence than the arguments which have been brought forward in this paper may appear to deserve.’ ”

jp T ?s9£ Y WORLD WAR \ ANNIVERSARY PERONNE IS TAKEN Sept. 1 ON Sept. 1, 1918, Australian troops stormed the important town of Peronne, taking more than 2,000 prisoners and valuable supplies. British forces took Bullecourt, where they had been repulsed the day before, at the point of the bayonet. They also occupied Hendecourt and several villages north of Bapaume. Americans, fighting on Belgian soil for the first time, took Voormezeele and nearby villages in a day of hard fighting and swift advance. North of Juvigny, American troops advanced more than two miles, taking many strong positions and continuing the pressure on German forces on that sector. An official allied report said that 324 German planes were brought down in August. Daily Thoughts Fret not thyself because of evildoers, neither be thou envious against the workers of iniquity. —Psalms 37:1. To be content with what we pos sess is the greatest and most secure of riches. —Cicero.