Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 79, Indianapolis, Marion County, 11 August 1932 — Page 4

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Worth the Session If nothing else had been accomplished the passage of the measure making public ownership of utilities easier and control of municipally owned utilities free from the public service commission would make the special session worth its entire cost. Real relief for the* public can not be accomplished by merely trimming the salaries of public servants or reducing tpe number of those on pay rolls. Much heavier than the cost of government is the extortion practiced by the utilities through the various schemes of maintaining unfair rates. The easy trick is that of using the holding company as the fence for the loot. That permits the insiders to hide the real profits made from water, electricity and other utilities. The cities in this state which are fortunate enough to own their utilities make large sums fpr the public instead of fortunes for promoters and manipulators. So successful are these publicly owned plants that In many instances the public service commission refuses to permit them to reduce the rates because of comparison with privately owned plants in the same vicinity. The law which awaits only the signature of Governor Leslie will take away this power from the commission and place the control of the publicly owned properties in the hands of the people who own them. More important is the provision for public ownership of plants when the people grow tired of paying tribute to foreign owners. This should result in a very general movement for municipal ownership. When that is done the people will escape not only excessive charges but the heavy cost of bad politics for which the utilities are responsible. Schools and Teachers “To permit the forces of social work to be scattered and demoralized would be a national disaster,” Newton D. Baker said recently in behalf of the campaign for funds by the National Association of Community Chests and Councils. Education being the corner stone of all social work, this warning should be posted high over the nation's school system, now under bombardment of the economy drive in nearly every state, county and city. According to the National Education Association, many school systems in the country “are faced with a situation that endangers the education standards 6o far attained.” If present tendencies continue, they “surely will retard, halt, or even set back the progress of American education.” The depression is working double havoc with the 6chools. On the one hand, the necessity for cutting public expenditures is causing serious cuts in school budgets. In 1,461 cities reporting to the N. E. A., 10 per cent had decreased teachers’ salaries. Since the average salary of the nation’s 840,000 elementary and secondary teachers is only $1,364, this Is a heavy blow at living standards. Salaries of college professors, too, are notoriously low. Then there are serious curtailments of such service as night and summer schools, physical culture and vocational courses, kindergartens, free text-books. School terms have been shortened, the sizes of classes Increased, many schools closed. On the other hand, the demands upon the 6chools are increasing, due to the large number of idle young people In federally aided schools, enrollment increased in 1931 by 18.4 per cent over 1930. The N. E. A. reports that increases in general school enrollment have been “significant.” The President's organization on unemployment relief pushed a “back to school” movement. Every one realizes that educational facilities must be enlarged to prevent ill effects of misdirected idleness. Education is not costly. The $2,500,000,000 we spend annually for public schools represents only $2.74 out of every SIOO of the normal national income, compared with the $13.98 we spend on automobiles. For candy, chewing gum, theaters and other amusements, we spend $2.61 for every $1 spent on education. Economies should be made, and waste eliminated. But, surely, these economies can be made without seriously reducing school efficiency. We believe that, with better tax systems, governmental reforms, such as county consolidations, economies t in other items, and intelligent study of school needs, our splendid educational system can be made to weather the depression storm unharmed in its essential functions. A democracy can not afford to cripple its schools. Frank and Ted Young Ted Roosevelt is embarrassed. But the politicians envy him. He is like the co-ed with too many suitors. He is being told that he is indispensable. To be indispensable is the politician's dream. But to be indispensable in two jobs at once—that is bliss. The name of Roosevelt is potent in a presidential campaign. This man Franklin D.—whom Republicans have been known to resent as an interloper—is being mistaken for T. R. by some voters. Others have the idea that the Democratic candidate is the son of the Republican idol. The only way the Republican campaign managers can think of proving to those perverse voters that Franklin is neither the Republican prophet nor even the son of the prophet, is to put Theodore Junior on the stump in person for Hoover. No one else can do the job. That sounds simple, but it is not. It seems that young Teddy is so successful as governor-general of the Philippines that the island people are unwilling to lose his services for the brief period required for a campaign tour here. The provincial governors of the islands feel so Strongly that they just have passed a resolution appealing to their popular governor-general not to leave them for a minute. If this is a case of mistaken identity, is the joke on the voters who do not know' that Franklin is not Teddy Jr., or on the Republican politicians, who thought they w’ere dealing only with a son and found that he was a political personage in his own right? The Woman Senator Mrs. Hattie Caraway, widow of Senator Thaddeus Caraway of Arkansas, has won from a field of six men the Democratic nomination for United States senator. In the Bear state this means election. Perhaps it is fioo early to say whether this is good or bad news for those who believe in democracy with a small “and.” This black-clad, unassuming little woman has made no speeches in the year that she has sat

The Indianapolis Times (A BCKIPPS-HOWAKO .VEWSPAPEB) Owned *nd published dully (except Sunday) by The Indianapolla Timet Publishing Cos., 214-220 West Maryland Street, Indianapolla. Ind. Price In Marlon County. 2 cents a copy; elsewhere, 3 cent* —delivered by carrier. 12 cents a week. Mall subscription ratea In Indiana, $3 a year; outaide of Indiana, 65 cents a month. BOYD CURLEY. KOY W. HOWARD ~EARL dTaKER Editor • I resident Business Manager PHONE—Riley 5551. THURSDAY. APO. 11, 1932. Member of United f’resa Scrlppa-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

as an Interim appointee to her husband’s seat. Her voting record reveals her as an independent Democrat, but hardly as a consistent liberal. Grief and the feeling that she was a newcomer to the senate have made hers a colorless career so far. It was her habit always to ask: “How would “dad” have voted?”. She voted against the Hoover moratorium and against all dry law reforms, for a big navy, for the bonus, for lumber, copper and oil tariffs. On measures such as the Norris-La Guardia anti-injunction bill, lame duck amendment, La Follette-Costigan relief bill, her votes were for the underdog. Most encouraging was her opposition to some of the conservative programs of her' colleague, Senator Robinson, party leader. Strangely, the six women members of the house of representatives have not distinguished themselves, either as political liberals or as humanitarians. It is to be hoped that Mrs. Caraway will prove worthy of the honor of being the first full-time woman United States senator. Statesmanship of High Order In marked contrast to the ineptitude, stupidity or sentimentality of both extreme isolationists and professional internationalists have been two remarkably sound recent statements of sane world policy. One came from the venerable diplomat and' expresident of Cornell university, Dr. Jacob Gould Schurman. He set forth a four-point program for recovery: “Can anything be more foolish—l almost said more criminal—than to prolong the present nightmare of economic depression for the sake of a fancied gain from war debts? “In the first place justice and international law must be re-enthroned, both in the hearts of men and in the chancelleries of the world. The nations defeated in the great war must be given back their absolute sovereignty and equality with the victorious nations. “Second, statesmen and diplomats must adapt to economic realities the fantastic and intolerable burden of reparations which was put upon the shoulders of the defeated nations by the treaties framed at Paris and dictated to the central powers. “Third, barriers must be set up anew against the exercise of brute force over weaker neighbors by ambitious imperialistic powers. “Fourth, there must be a general reduction of armaments, which palpably will diminish the heavy burden of military taxation under which the whole world now suffers.” This is supplemented admirably by the more specific recommendations made to the Lausanne conference by the eminent expert on international finance, Dr. Max Winkler: “1. Reductions of armaments: Hundreds of millions now are being used in a decidedly nonproductive manner. Sums saved could be employed constructively, which would go a long way toward restoring confidence. “2. Elimination of war guilt: No one nation is exclusively responsible. They are all to blame, although in varying degrees. “3. Restoration of the gold standard: So long as no other standard has been brought forward which can take its place, it is futile to look for salvation in abandonment of the gold standard at all. Salvation lies in a return to it by all powers engaged in trade and industry. “4. Rational adjustment of tariffs: Protective measures should be based upon sound economics rather than upon political considerations. “5. Postponement of all reparations, conditional as well as unconditional, for not less than five years. “6. Suspension by the United States of all political debts for the period during which reparations remain unpaid. In the meantime, the entire question of political debts is to be re-examined by a committee appointed by the President of the United States, such re-examination to be based upon developments within recent years, rather than with a view to theoretical possibilities.” The war debt situation gives us an opportunity. We might be able to use them as the lever to force decisive disarmament and to bring it to pass, all too late, that the World war did, after all, discourage war and militarism. Tins may be the last chance. There’s one good thing about the 2-cent check tax, anyway. All the bargain dresses which used to be 98 cents now will cost a whole dollar if paid for by check. Americans spent four billions for amusement in 1931, a news item says. But what it means was “in search of amusement.”

Just Every Day Sense By Mrs. Walter Ferguson

SURELY the cult of sophistication reaches its zenith with the cry of Hollywood's Madame Sylvia, “Excessive weight should be a ground for divorce in any state.” With admirable impartiality, this masseuse of all the moving picture stars includes men in her ruling. Thus Heywood .Broun and Miss Kate Smith could suffering love’s loss with equal justice. And this is something. Hitherto it was only the woman who was charged with malfeasance in matrimony when extra poundage appeared in the home. But Madame Sylvia thoughtfully assumes that we, too, may have esthetic ideas. For that we must be glad. All this is very up to date, I suppose, but every now and then I am moved to say a little prayer giving thanks that I was born in a more sentimental era. The boys and girls reared by the love standards of the Kleig lights seem rather pitiable beings in many ways. They are a little too brittle. non LOVE, as we used to speak and think of it, has gone out of fashion. But we were sadly sentimental, I fear. There was none of that smart, wisecracking self-assurance that today, we are told, so often hides a breaking heart. We were soft. We kissed our fathers and mothers goodnight and shed real tears if our best beau went back on us. Then, a woman could talk as if she loved her husband without being socially ostracised, and men paid more attention to their own wives than to those of their best friends. It was not thought a breach of etiquet for a young mother to discuss her baby proudly. The family was the most important unit of existence. Homes were large and comfortable and had children as well as dogs ip them. In truth, we first saw the light in a rather ridiculous world. Queen Victoria who, like Mr. Milne's famous Teddy Bear, was “definitely stout” had put her stamp upon it. And it is indeed a far cry from fat, faithful Victoria and her fat, faithful Albert to Madame Sylvia, exponent of the modern silhouette, who pleads for marriage by tape measure.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy Says:

j Whether Hitler Has the Ability to Do More in Germany Than to Organize a Grand Ballyhoo Remains to Be Seen. NEW YORK, Aug. 11.—It looks as though Adolph Hitler soon ' might become chancellor of Ger- ; many. The weather-wise are mak- ! mg all kinds of predictions as to what will happen if he does. If any of them are right, they ' can lay it to good luck. Hitler has done little to prove that he is a genius, or that Germany will turn a somersault when he takes charge. He merely has shown shrewdness in capitalizing normal emotions and traditional prejudices. Nationalism is his chief stock in trade. Like Mussolini, he has taken every conceivable advantage of it, waving the flag and yelling patriotic catch phrases. Whether he can do more than organize a grand ballyhoo remains to be seen. a * u Scramble for Spoil LIKE the tariff in this country, the parade of troops in Moscow and the trade conference now going on in Ottawa, Hitler stands for a curious outbreak or nationalism. Almost every successful movement since the war, whether radical or reactionary,' stands for the same thing. It forms a strange background for all the peace talk. The w'orld may have gotten rid of a few kings, but only to raise a prize crop of dictators. Its pacific pow-wows and pactsfare stultified by an epidemic of tariff wars. The scramble for spoils has developed into a scramble for trade. Much of the territory supposed to have been saved for democracy has gone Fascist or Bolshevik. tt n n Hitler Is Riddle SOME really masterful men have risen out of the seethe and stew, but for every one, there have been a dozen demagogs. It often takes years to distinguish the latter from the former. There -was “Emperor” Cook in England and Kerensky in Russia. They had an excellent start, but lacked depth. Trotski, who shared honors with Lenin, is m exile. Lloyd George, who was Britain’s foremost man when the war ended, is without a party. Recent history is full of has-beens, and this man Hitler soon may join them. He is too new at- the game for |ny one to guess his ability, much less his character. Up to this time, he has played the rollicking role of critic. Organizing an opposition party is not the same thing as running a government. The men who can do both are few and far between. Hitler has done a good job as leader of the German Fascist movement, but that hardly proves his ability to act as head of the German government. The odds are at least four to one that he will turn out a flop. n tt tt Opposed by Hindenburg IT is unnecessary to look far for an explanation of President Hindenburg’s obvious desire to sidetrack Hitler. From all that we can learn, his natural sympathies are with the movement. That being so, he must doubt the man. Hindenburg may be mistaken. Other men, as old, honest and wise as he, have been mistaken. But his attitude is worth considering. He is close to the scene of action, has lived long in Germany, and knows something about human nature. His unwillingness to make Hitler head of the state is not a particularly good recommendation for the latter, and the outside world so should interpret it. Asa genuine leader, Hitler might cause trouble, but he would offset it with solid, constructive work. If a misfit, he will only cause trouble, and that well may be what President Hindenburg is thinking about. Movements that are coherent and that have a definite purpose in mind generally result in good, no matter how radical or reactionary they may appear. The real danger lies in aimless commotion. Leadership, or lack of it, spells the difference. If Hitler doesn’t know' his stuff, Germany is in for a bad time, and so are some other people. The thing most to be feared is confusion, and that is what will come if the German Fascist movement is turned loose without an able head.

Jff T ? S 9£ Y ■WORLD WAR \ ANNIVERSARY

U. S. FIELD ARMY CREATED August 11 ON Aug. 11, 1918, the United States war department announced the organization of the First American Field army, under direct leadership of General John J. Pershing, with five army corps included. Commanders of the five corps were: First, Major-General Hunter Liggett; second, Major-General Robert Lee Bullard; third. MajorGeneral William M. Wright; fourth, Major-General George W. Read; fifth, Major-General Omar Bundy. Each army corps numbered more than 200,000 men and the field army more than 1,000.000 men. Meanwhile, allied forces continued to push back the distressed German troops opposing them on the western front. French united advanced more than four miles north of Montdidier.

Questions and Answers

When will the new George Washington bi-centennail commemorative S2OO gold piece be issued? No such coin is planned. The only coin issued in honor of the George Washington bi-centennial is the quarter dollar, which will bear a bust of Washington. The coin will be a regular one and will be put in circulation shortly. How many immigrants were admitted to the United States during 1931? The number admitted in the fiscal year ended June 30, 1931, was 97,139.

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Protein Loss Marks Bright’s Disease

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. BRIGHT’S DISEASE represents a chronic inflammation of the kidneys, in which there is difficulty in properly disposing of waste matter from the body. If a man is to maintain the repair of tissue lost by the body and thereby to remain in good health, he must have an adequate amount of suitable protein in his diet, and he must be able to use this protein to the fullest advantage. One of the distinguishing features in Bright’s disease, as pointed out by Dr. James S. McLester, is the loss of protein from the body. In cases of any type, there is destruction of protein in the body and

IT SEEMS TO ME

A CAMPAIGN has begun to discourage the use of paper money and to substitute the silver dollar. I’m for it. The avowed object of the movement is to force the treasury to buy more silver and thus increase the value of the white metal. Asa purely economic measure, the campaign probably is doomed to failure. Andrew Mellon was an advocate of the innovation back in the days when he was “the greatest secretary of the treasury since Alexander Hamilton.” He failed to interest the public, but it seems to me that Mr. Mellon was not the type to popularize the cartwheel. It is hard to imagine Uncle Andy moving about among his cronies all bulging and clanking with silver dollars. In fact, it wouldn’t take much more than a couple of the coins to make Mr. Mellon bulije. But if the government wants a man to bleed and die against the tyranny of paper, I’ll be glad to carry a consignment of cartwheels and make no charge for the service Naturally, I shall expect to be supplied with free samples. n tt Making Money More Merry AND even if the experiment fails to effect a much desired stabilization, something might be gained by making money just a shade more merry. All peoples who use silver seem to me to get a greater amount of i fun out of spending than do the slaves of the greenback. But if the silver dollar is to come into its highest aesthetic potentialities, we first must repeal prohibition. Next to rain upon a tin roof, I know of no more pleasant sound than the clank of money on top of a polished bar. There is a sense of mastery in tossing a coin upon such a surface and exclaiming, “Bartender, this round is on me.” One has a feeling of kinship with Morgan and Marlowe. I refer to Henry the pirate, and Christopher, the poet; Os course, in this speakeasy age one hardly could carry the wherewithal for so much as a single round

Making Both Ends Meet Are you having trouble making the “reduced income” meet the needs of your family? Have you tried cutting the “food’’ item in the family budget? You can do this and still have appetizing, well balanced and nutritious meals. Use the suggestions in the new bulletin just issued by our Washington bureau, on “Feeding the Family at Low Cost,” compiled from studies made by federal and state agencies. It contains general information on food values as well as suggested menus and recipes for every day of the week. If you want this bulletin, fill out the coupon below and mail as directed. CLIP COUPON HERE Dept. 187, Washington Bureau, The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York avenue, Washington, D. C. I want a copy of the bulletin in FEEDING THE FAMILY AT LOW COST, and inclose herewith 5 cents in coin, or loose, uncancelled United States postage stamps, to cover return postage and handling costs: Name /. Street and No City State I am a reader of The Indianapolis Times. (Code No.)

A Sign of the Times

loss of the material through the body fluids given out by the kidney. Thus it would seem that in many forms of Bright’s disease the chances of complete recovery depend largely on the ability of the body to compensate for the protein that is lost. There is one way in which this can be done; namely, by taking in enough suitable protein to make good the deficit. On the other hand, there is possibility that the taking of excess portein might throw to great a burden on the weak kidneys. Dr. McLester does not believe that this danger is serious. At present the daily' allowance of protein for patients with Bright’s disease is about 40 or 50 grams,

of illegal beverages. Instead of the comforting patter of the raindrop, payment would suggest the fierce onslaught of hail. In some subtle way the use of silver might serve to educate us against greed and inequalities of income. No man really would care to have as much as a hundred dollars imposed upon him. Indeed, the man who has one cartwheel to rub against another is apt to feel the warm glow of a comfortable affluence. There is no friendliness in paper It tends to wad and hide in crannies of your pockets. Paper currency will lead almost anybody into embarrassing situations. Frequently I have dashed out into the night so intent upon some good deed that I have hailed a taxi to speed to my destination. And at the end of the trip, when the man expected his just compensation, we have both discovered, to our horror, that what I took to be a dollar was no more than a crumpled piece of copy paper saying, “Call Sus. 7-6600.” Now, in an emergency that’s no good to you. Particularly if you can’t remember who lives at Sus. 7-6600 and what it was you were to call up about. tt it Coin You Can’t Forget THINGS are quite different in the case of the more generous and palpable tokens. If you have a silver dollar in your pocket, you know perfectly well it isn’t a telephone number. It just has to be a dollar or a clam shell, and by making a point of not carrying clam shells, it is easy to avoid all confusion. I feel quite certain that the new’ currency would do a great deal to discourage hoarding. You can’t put many silver dollars under a mattress without tossing all night like the princess .in the fairy tale. Once I had SBB in silver and I didn’t keep any of it. I was a sucker for the shrewd psychology of the people who gave it to me. I happened to be at Agua Caliente

whereas Dr. McLester and others believe that three times this amount, namely, 150 grams, could be taken to advantage. Os course, there must also be added to the diet enough carbohydrate and fat to cover the requirement of the patient for energy. The proteins to be taken should be those which have the highest value for building tissue and repair tissue in the body, namely, what are known as the animal proteins, such as milk, meat and eggs. In general, according to Dr. McLester, a grown person with Bright’s disease who takes a quart of milk a day, two eggs daily, and one large serving of meat, satisfies his need for protein and does not harm his kidneys.

HEY WOOD BY BROUN

in northern Mexico, and, as chance would have it, the middle dozen and No. 14 came up twice in succession. Being less than a complete fool, I stopped upon the instant and cashed in my chips. “With so great a sum,” I thought, “I can start a savings account in one of the better banks.” a a tt Consider the Rainy Day I FIGURED out what it would amount to if compounded semiannually at 4 per cent. The result was both encouraging and staggering It emboldened me to dream of the day when I might go to the boss and say: “There are several things in this organization which do not meet with my approval. I intend to quit on Saturday.” And when the poor fellow looked up with frightened face to ask, “But what are you going to do?” I would tell him simply: “I propose to live on the interest of my investments. First of all, I probably shall buy a yacht and cruise around the world.” My reveries was broken by an attendant who handed me eightyeight silver dollars. I saved the fortune for almost an hour. At the end of that time I was a little weary from carrying so much dead weight and I noticed that the burden was beginning to spoil the trim lines of my form-fitting clothes. Moreover, I clanked with rather more ostentation than befits a modest man. Two hours later I went out quietly and the trouser hang was symmetrical again. No. 14 and I both had retired. (Copyright. 1932. bv The Timesl

People’s Voice

Editor Times—l have thought very much about the condition of our country, the scarcity of money, the impossibility of the working man of our country to get work. In my opinion, the United States government is the only government, at least it is the only one for me—yet I believe that our office holders have overlooked a very important factor which tends toward good government. They, through the fact that they never have felt the depression by being on a salary, do not realize how serious is to have millions of family heads out of work at this time of year, facing sa rapidly approaching winter. There is no doubt in my mind that if the common people had money as they once had there would be plenty of business and plenty of work. Only a short time ago I understood that the United States probably was the wealthiest nation in the world. If it was then, there is no doubt that it still has the securities or the money. I believe that the money of our common people has gotten away through the fact that they had debts contracted at high prices on commodities and real estate, and that the crash which caused every article of value to decrease to its present low level was brought about in some way by the hoarding of money by the few men of cur country who really have millions. Most of the people who have these debts never will get out, if the present panic continues. I think there is a way to make

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those of ore of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

11, 1032

science! BY DAVID DIETZ !

Sun Spots May Give Answer to Most Baffling of Solar Problems. SUN spots constitute one of the sun’s most interesting features and one of .the sun’s greatest mysteries. Daily studies of sun spots are part of the regular program of several of the world's greatest observatories. The sun is photographed daily at these observatories so that a complete record of the number, size and position of all sun spots can be kept. The observatories engaged in this w'ork include the great Mt. Wilson observatory in California, the Meudon observatory in France and the Kodiakanal observatory in India. Many astromoners feel that a complete knowledge of cause and behavior of sun spots w'ould result in a complete solution of many of the most baffling problems concerning the sun. Sun spots are the most conspicuous features upon the surface of the sun. They became visible as dark spots upon the sun’s surface when a telescope equipped with the proper dark eyepiece is used. Occasionally, sun spots of such great size occur that they become visible without a telescope when the sun is viewed through a piece of heavily smoked glass or a very dark photographic negative. tt tt tt Nature of Spots ONE important fact to be grasped is that the sun spots are not really dark, but only dark by contrast with the rest of the sun. Actually, the light of a sun spot is as bright as that of an electric arc light. The sun is so bright that one cannot view it with the unprotected eye. When a dark glass is used, it cuts dow'n the light of the entire sun a considerable amount. The light of the sun spots is cut down so much that the spots appear dark by comparison with the rest of the sun’s disc. As viewed through a telescope, a sun spot consists of tWo portions, a dark central portion, known as the umbra, and a lighter fringe around ! the umbra, known as the penumbra. Frequently several spots will have a common penumbra. It also is common to find brilliant streaks stretching like bridges across the penumbra. There is no regularity as to shape or size among the sun spots. The size and shape of. the penumbra with reference to the umbra also is subject to wide variation. Frequently, the penumbra will exist only one one side of the umbra, or it may extend to a much greater distance on one side than it does on the other. The quality of light given off by the sun spot differs from the radiated by the sun’s surface or photosphere in general. The light from a spot is about ons-tenth as strong as the rest of j the sun in yellow light. It is very ' much weaker, however, in blue and violet light. The result of this is that the light from the sun spot has a more reddish hue. a u a Size of Spots THE size of sun spots serves to indicate how small this little earth of ours is. The diameter of the umbra or dark center of the spot may range from 500 miles to as much as 50,000 miles. It would be possible to pick up our little earth and drop it right into one of these larger spots. And since the temperature is about 5,000 degrees, our earth would last about as long as a snowflake dropped into a red-hot stove, .The penumbra surrounding a group of spots sometimes is as much as 150,000 miles in diameter. Sun spots change their appearance frequently, if one keeps in mind the tremendous size of the spots, he can appreciate the stupendous activity which goes on upon the surface of the sun. Spots appear and disappear with considerable rapidity. An analysis of photos of the sun at the Greenwich observatory in England showed that one-fourth of all the spots recorded lasted but a single day. Another fourth lasted only from two to four days. The two classes just mentioned consisted, as might be guessed, of the smaller spots. The larger ones were more permanent, lasting in most cases for a week or more. Out of 6,000 groups of spots, however, only 463 lasted for more than twenty-four days.

Daily Thoughts

They hate him that rebuketh at the gate, and they abhor him that speaketh uprightly.—Amos 5:10.

Prudence is the virtue of the senses.—Emerson.

business, to make jobs, to cheapen money and to raise the price of products and real estate. If I were in a position to do so, I would introduce a bill asking the government to issue to each head of a family, rich and poor alike, within the entire United States, five $lO certificates, these to be worth $lO in trade or work only. Impose upon each township trustee the duty of collecting a revenue of 25 cents for each time the certificate was transferred, and to write upon the coupon by whom and to whom it was transferred, Then, when a $lO certificate had been transferred forty times, the government would have collected $ in actual money and would be required to redeem said certificate at $9.75 from whoever might be the holder of it. Saying there are 30,000,000 household heads in the United States, 150,000,000 certificates would be issued and $60,000,000,000 business done; the government would collect $1,500,000,000 and would pay back $1,465,500,000 and would have left $37,500,000 for its expense. I think that after the United States had done within itself $60,000,000,000 worth of business, that the hoarded money would be so cheap that everybody could afford it. READER. What was the census population of the United States in 1910, 1920 and 193 ? In 1910 it was 91,972,266; in 1920 it was 105,710,620, and in 1930 it was 122,775,046.