Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 78, Indianapolis, Marion County, 10 August 1932 — Page 4

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Slum Clearance If idle capital will be satisfied with small but •urc returns, it will find plenty of work in every large city of the United States. This lies in projects for rebuilding the evil and shabby tenements called "homes" for millions of American families. According to Dr. Edith Elmer Wood, housing expert, one-third of America's families live in 9.000,000 homes unfit for human habitation. They cost, in crime, illness, and premature death, a toll of nearly $15,000,000,000 a year. Some start has been made. In 1927, under Governor A1 Smith, New York passed a housing act which permits any corporation willing to limit its dividends to 6 per cent to escape state taxes if it builds specified apartments that rent for sll a month or less a room. A well-manned state board is empowered to exercise the right of eminent domain in acquiring land, to co-operate with cities, and otherwise to encourage private capital to replace what Smith calls these "old landmarks with new'.’’ According to Governor Roosevelt, six large projects have been built under this law, all involving Investments of $7,000,000. One of these cost $3,200,000, and houses 2,500 persons at an average cost of sll a room. The Metropolitan Life Insurance Company has built another, and, even in hard times, has a long waiting list. Cleveland is planning removal of six blighted areas two miles wide into which are packed 15,000 souls. With less definite plans, the Architects’ Club and the Rosenwald fund are considering removal of a portion of Chicago’s old ‘‘Gold Coast." Private interests in Philadelphia plan to modernize old homes into apartments to rent for $6 a room. In Newark a life insurance company plans to rebuild a block, selling the inner portion to the city lor a park. St. Louis plans a removal project to care for 100.000 persons at a cost of $6,000,000. The federal government’s Reconstruction Finance Corporation is empow'ered to make loans to limited dividend corporations for such projects. Os course the bulk of credit must come from private sources. The difficulty is in getting second mortgage money. If philanthropic folk willing to take 5 per cent or 6 per cent interest would co-operate with the government to supply this need, many great projects in slum abatement could begin at once. What more inspiring music could start the march back to prosperity than the tune of hammer and saw, building better homes. Amusing If True Republican managers are worried. They fear the Hoover notification ceremony Thursday may be crowded off the front pages on the counter-attraction pf Roosevelt’s ‘‘trial’’ of Mayor Jimmy Walker. Since President Hoover probably already has heard of his renomination by the Chicago convention some weeks ago, and since that will not be startling news to the public, their excuse for the ceremony is to pump up publicity for the campaign. They feel that Roosevelt has out-smarted them in holding his show on the date already appropriated by the Republicans. The fact that Cousin Frank learned this trick from President Roosevelt, w'ho Worked it effectively on Charles Evans Hughes many years ago, does not make it any funnier to the G. O. P. strategists. Added to their trouble is a report that Calvin Coolidge does not find it convenient to come to Washington for the Hoover fireworks. All of this is very amusing to the Democrats and very painful to the Republicans. But we can not see that this has anything to do with the kind of public attention Hoover gets at liis notification. It is just another one of those quaint notions politicians have about publicity. The truth is that Hoover speeches in the past often have fallen flat when he had the stage to himself and no competition from Roosevelt. If Hoover has anything to say Thursday, he will get all the public hearing he wants, regardless of Roosevelt. If he has nothing to say but to repeat the Republican platform evasions, naturally the public will not be interested. Publicity stunts and tricks for or against a candidate can not make or break him. The candidate makes or breaks himself. The Lesson of Lausanne By their egregious blunders at Lausanne and after. European statesmen have managed to pile liew and mountainous obstacles in the already rocky road to a much-desired constructive reparations and war debts settlement. Allusions to secret understandings and ‘‘gentlemens agreements" on the part of European nations to settle their obligations, then pass the buck to the United States, on reaching Washington have set the place ablaze. Nor have the “explanations" of the statesmen involved served to quench the fire. Oh the contrary, with every fresh admission and denial, reiteration and refutation from across the Atlantic, the heat on this side grows. This, to say the least, is unfortunate. Congress, which will have to approve any debt revision that may be arranged w T ith Europe, has set its face against any change. The most meritorious plan any one could evolve now would be clapped under a microscope, then probably rejected on general principles. In diplomacy there is no greater crime than stupidity. The Lausanne conferees fumbled their cards and seemed to pull some from under the table. The full portent of their agreement still is not known definitely. Thus, at a time when above all others confidence is a vital factor in the situation, the international atmosphere is thick with the fog of suspicion. Said Senator Reed, adminstration leader from Pennsylvania: “This government has closed its doors to revision of the war debts.” That Senator Reed was speaking for the present congress, we believe. But we are not willing to believe that he was voicing the final decision, either of congress or of the American people. Said Andrew Mellon, when secretary of the treasury: “I know of no fairer formula than capacity to pay. To ask a debtor nation to pay substantially less than It is able without undue burden on its people is to do an injustice to our own taxpayers; while to ask a foreign debtor to pay more than its capacity is to be guilty of an act of injustice such as can not be charged against us.” That, we think, represents American opinion better than the statement of Senator Reed. But such opinion is conditional. Europe must play *eith all

The Indianapolis Times (A SCRIPPS-HOWARD .NEWSPAPER) Owned *ml published daily (except Sunday) by The Jndianapoll* Time* Piibll*hlmr Cos 214-K0 West M.ryUnvt Street Indi.D.poli*. sod. Price in Marion County 2 cemf a copy; elsewhere. 3 cent*—delivered by carrier. 12 cent* a week. Mail aub.criDtlon ratea In Indiana, $3 a year; ontgide of Indiana, 6.1 cents a month. P B° y D RLEY. KOI W HOWAKD. EAR I. IJ _ R \ KKR~ Bdltor I resident Business Manager STL?'-'' T - WEDNESDAY, AUG. 10. 1932. Member of United I’reaa Scrip pa-Ho wardl Newspaper Alliance. Newspaper elation. Newspaper Information Service end Audit Bureau of Circulation* “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

her cards on the table, and make it plain that she is dealing from the top and not from the bottom. In this the appearance is as important as the reality. The deal not only must be right, out look right. There Is an increasing conviction in the United fttates that a just and final settlement of reparations and war debts would be a big step toward better times. It also is understood over here that there can be r.o such settlement without the United States. If the issue is put up to them properly, therefore, the American people doubtless will do their part. But—and in our judgment this is highly important it must be put up to them properly. The American people will refuse to consider any concession over debts until assured that the rest of the nations are * toting square," and that the common effort and the common sacrifice will be of a nature to bring about real improvement in W'orld conditions. Gandhi and Hillman Again the Amalgamated Clothing Workers have proved themselves the smartest union in America. They were the first to establish the rule of impartial labor arbitrators in an industry. They led m workers education. They met the housing problem with co-operative apartments. When they could not get fair play from an employer, they started a factory and took his business. Hundreds of banks failed, but theirs went on, safe and sound. They ran down anti-labor injunction judges by taking their cases to the United States senate. They made unemployment insurance a reality years before others began talking about it as a theory. And President Hillman of the Amalgamated had proposed lo government officials a national economic council and the unit organization of whole industries long before industrialists like Owen D. Young had started to explore the idea. Now Hillman is developing anew strike technique—or, rather, reviving a very old one. With a long and honorable record of labor peace and union co-opera-tion in its dealings with large responsible firms in ! the clothing industry, the Amalgamated occasionally still has to battle against small sweatshops. In New York, when a sweatshop truck pulls out, the strikers throw themselves in front of the wheels to be run over. The driver jams on his brakes. The truck stops, and then slowly turns back. In America, as in Gandhi's India, it is very easy but very hard to kill a man whose only weapon is passive resistance. Not a Nice Story In Uniontown, Pa., Mrs. Afina Chess, 32, served a week of a twenty-day sentence in jail because she cooked and served a golden-winged woodpecker called a "flicker.” She did it to feed her hungry children, who had killed the bird in violation of the law'. The family w-as unable to raise the fine and costs of $20.50. When Governor Pinchot read of it, he sent the money to release the mother. Mrs. Chess shouldn’t have cooked the bird. But neither should she have been faced with the alternative of seeing her children go hungry. Not a nice story, but one that should be read by those who insist there is no danger of starvation in this wealthy land. Peg-Tops Remember the old peg-top pants that had their heyday when we and the century were young? Well, like prosperity, they’re just around the corner. It seems the w'ool merchants are out to peg the price of wool, and so they’ve persuaded that man of mystery who dictates styles to decree an encore for those flamboyant creations that used to flap about our legs above brow r n button shoes and below' wasp-w r aist coats. A Minnesota veterinarian expects to put a window in a cow’s side, explaining that it will enable him to w'atch her digestion and will not hurt the cow’. At that, the cow will have a pane in the stomach, to say the least. Now it develops that Gamer wasn’t asleep while he was being nominated for Vice-President; he just was dozing. Already in training for the job, we suppose. Census figures show that twice as many women as men live to be 100. That certainly shoots full of holes the old theory about talking yourself to death. A woman may be able to keep her house alone, but she always seems to need another woman to help her 'Keep a secret. A lecturer on big game hunting says that if you look a bear straight in the eye he’ll run. But the lecturer forgot to say in which direction.

Just Every Day Sense By Mrs. Walter Ferguson

NINETY-five full years was life's gift to Ellen Browning Scripps. And what a panorama of events was crowded into that interval! To review the activities of her remarkable person is to see what a century has wrought in the progress of man—and more especially of woman. Coming into the world shortly before Victoria ascended England's throne, Miss Scripps survived to see that day dawn when a woman, unattended, took off from this continent to fly to Europe. Her own initial trip across the Atlantic in 1843 consumed forty-four days. Amelia Earhart flew it in fewer hours. Between these two events much history was made. And Ellen Scripps helped to make it in America, Combined in her nature were the finest feminine virtues and the intrepidity and force of the male pioneer. She was an adventurer of the spirit. a a a FOSTER-MOTHER to her half-brothers while still a mere girl, she was a scrupulous housewife, a teacher, a student, a staunch ally in the great newspaper experiment during its first desperate struggles, the originator of a column idea that latet developed into the Newspaper Enterprise Association, a financier, a philanthropist, and a friend to humanity. No one can gufess how much she contributed to the family success. Not until we are able to measure the power of woman's ambition, influence, and love can we tell what a great part this woman played in shaping the Scripps destiny. That she has been a powerful factor in the educational progress of women there canbe no doubt. Her life, however, was inspirational, not so much for the things she accomplished, but because she performed so well each duty that was presented to her. She did not run away from unpleasant tasks, nor try to escape life. Her money is the least of her legacies. The example of her daily life is her monumental achievement arid contains more splendid lessons for girls than all the education they can acquire in the colleges she endowed. ■

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E' Tracy Says:

Xonrecognition in Case of Conquered T erritories Is Step in Direction of Peace, but Not Far Enough. NEW YORK, Aug. 10.—The Hoo-ver-Stimson doctrine of nonrecognition as a deterrent to war | is obviously in the right direction. No one can quarrel with the purpose ! it seeks, or the principle on which it rests. A wonderful thing, indeed, if peace could be assured, even to a limited extent, by the mere mobilization of public sentiment. What a happy world this would be if the problem presented no greater difficulty, if we could rely on the possibility that great governments would yield to such influence. But look at Japan, look at Russia, look at Manchuria. We have refused to recognize Russia, and the only effect has been loss of trade. We needed Russia's help to curb Japan, but our relations with her barred it. Manchuria has been severed from China by force, in spite of the fact that we threatened not to recognize the severance if brought about in that way. * n n Needs Something Stronger AS long as something strongei than nonrecognition is required to keep peace in a county village, something stronger will be required to keep peace in the world. As long as nations dare go no farther than threaten nonrecognition as a penalty for war, war will continue. When a nation is mad enough, or greedy enough, to fight, it is mad enough, and greedy-enough, to defy public sentiment. The last war should convince us how little can be expected of an adverse public sentiment on the outside. What nation involved paid the slightest attention to its neighbors? What nation was moved by the opinion of outsiders? In this connection, let us keep the fact clearly in mind that no nation ever w ent to war thinking it ; was wrong. All history proves that. u a Will We Go the Limit? IT is natural to infer that nonrecognition means a willingness to go the limit, but if so, w'hy not : talk straight? If the idea is to let I non-recognition take its normal ! course and evolve into economic ! boycotts, or the application of force, j w'hy be squeamish? To be effective, non-recognition would require widespread co-opera-tion. Are the nations, or even a majority of them, prepared to guarantee that? Are we, W'ho have refused to join the League of Nations, for fear our sovereignty would be impaired, prepared to give it? Are we prepared to join other nations in a general! move against some neighboring na- i tion. because the majority w’ants us I to. or do we prefer to reserve the right to form our own opinion?

ft St ft Power Still Lacking NO doubt all the pacts, institutions, and doctrines incident to the peace movement are helping to produce the right frame of mind for its progress, but that is about all that can be said for most of them, thus far. Nothing has been done which justifies ’the assumption that humanity is prepared to take the necessary steps. A League of Nations has been formed, it is true, but only to shiver and sidestep in the face of real emergencies. A world court has been instituted, but with virtually no authority to enforce its orders. An anti-war pact has been signed, but with nothing to back it up, and this non-recogni-tion doctrine is made of the same stuff. A horrible thought, maybe, but we are not going to convince the w'orld that force is wrong, save through the application of superior force. That does not mean that we must get down in the gutter and roll with the brawlers, but that we must develop a power that they will respect. We must do this, moreover, not only for their sake, but for our own. People are not going to give up their old methods until or unless they are assured of a better one. Disarmament is out of the question, as long as the civilized world lacks a substitute for the national armies and navies now maintained a substitute w'hich will challenge popular confidence and respect.

Daily Thoughts

But whosoever shall deny me before men, him will I also denv before my father which is in heaven.—Matthew 10:33. He who is false to his fellow'-man is also false to his Maker.—Stahl. When was Idaho organized as a territory, and when did it become a state? Give the area, capital, largest city, and meaning of the name? Idaho was organized as a territory n 1863 and entered the Union as a state on July 3, 1890. The area is 83.888 square miles; Boise is the capital and largest city, and the name is derived from an Indian name meaning “light on the mountain.”

Making Both Ends Meet Are you having trouble making the “reduced income" meet the needs of your family? Have you tried cutting the "food" item in the family budget? You can do this and still have appetizing, well balanced and nutritious meals. Use the suggestions in the new bulletin just issued by our Washington bureau, on “Feeding the Family at Low Cost," compiled from studies made by federal and state agencies. It contains general information on food values as well as suggested menus and recipes for every day of the week. If you want this bulletin, fill out the coupon below and mail as directed. Dept. 187, Washington Bureau. The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York avenue, Washington, D. C. I want a copy of the bulletin in FEEDING THE FAMILY AT LOW COST, and inclose herewith 5 cents in coin, or loose, uncancelled United States postage stamps, to cover return postage and handling costs: Name Street ai:.d No City State lam a reader of The Indianapolis Times, * (Code No.) —— *

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Rapid Eating Main Indigestion Cause

BY I)R. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hvgeia. the ‘Health Magazine. THE term, “indigestion,” is an unscientific word like, "dyspepsia,” but almost everybody knows what it means. It merely means that the person who suffers with this symptom is having trouble with the digestion of his food or in absorbing it. Most processes of the body under normal conditions take place without any notice on the part of the person in whom they are going on. Just as soon as any of the physiologic processes begins to attract extra attention because of pain, noise, irritation, irregularities or any other disturbance, it assumes the nature of a disease, even though it is really only a symptom. The digestive organs are, in general, not sensitive to heat or cold, or to light pressure. On the other hand, they are in intimate contact with organs in which there is acute sensibility, so that disturbance in the digestive organs may be called to attention through feeiings in organs adjacent. Many people get used to a certain

IT SEEMS TO ME

TO me the strangest phenomenon in American politics is the Communist party and the tactics of that organization. In the first place, the party professes to believe that political machinery is wholly inadequate for its purposes. Day after day and w'eek after week the spokesmen of the movement assure their followers that voting is a fruitless pastime and that the almost perfect state can be achieved only by armed revolution, dictatorship, and a period of terror for rll dissenters. Yet at the moment William Z. Foster and James Ford are making an intensive drive and asking their audiences to smash capitalism by marking their crosses under the hammer and the sickle. Communists tend to be a little optimistic always in regard to the present strength of their followers. Wherever five or ten are gathered together, the Daily Worker always can see a thousand. And yet I see no reason to doubt that the vote of 1932 will vastly exceed 1928. when the national ticket of the party polled slightly less than 50.000. nun Committee on Admissions NATURALLY, the total in any year will be W'ell above the total of membership. Admission to the inner circle is conducted somewhat after the manner of electing members to the Union Club. Even as stanch and prominent an adherent as Theodore Dreiser has been kept outside the pale as insufficiently proletarian. The standoffish policy in regard to Dreiser and other prominent be-

Make Up Your Mind!

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE

amount of discomfort during digestion and pay little attention to it. Others are acutely sensitive and respond to much smaller stimuli. Chronic disturbance of digestion frequently is due to bad habits in eating, but in many instances is the result of actual disease of the stomach or intestines. According to Dr. S. W. Patterson, the commonest cause in every day life of discomfort after meals is the bad habit of hurrying over meals, chewing the food incompletely, or swallowing large masr ,s. x Moreover, great gulps of air may be swallow'ed with the food that is taken hurriedly or with fluids taken rapidly. Asa result, the stomach becomes distended and air is regurgitated. Sometimes the difficulty arises from chewing food and then washing it down with large swallows of fluid. . Under such circumstances, the eating of the solid food separately from the taking of fluids serves as a simple and successful means of prevention. In many instances when there are erosions in the stomach at the end where it empties into the intestine,

lievers in Stalinism probably is not inspired by the jeolousy of the leaders, who wish to keep the prominent posts for themselves. Largely the red tape which surrounds recruiting is merely a matter of poor organization and inefficiency. The official organs of the Communist party in this country are candid in printing many letters from w-orkers who have been accepted as wholly qualified, but remain without the walls because some branch or other has been too busy to get round to the detail of signifying formal acceptance. It is, of course, entirely possible to feel an admiration for the Soviets and still maintain that local leadership shows no such intelligent capacity for direction as has been displayed by scores of mighty Russians. Indeed, if the Communist party of America were to bestow a silver cup each year to the individual who has done most to further thenmovement it would not in 1932 to Foster, Ford or Ampter. Herbert Hoover would win hands down. nun The Strategy of Hoover THE President s contribution to the cause well may be a part of deep Republican strategy. To pose as the stanch defender of the Constitution against the threat of bloody revolution, Mr. Hoover must do his bit toward building up the bogey. No man can say what numbers Communism may command in America within ten years. Still less could any guess about a span of twenty years be accurate. But at the moment the plain fact is that the movement is small in the big cities and almost unknown in the rural regions. Israel Ampter, running for President in the borough of Manhattan in 1931, polled only 1,300 votes. Probably President Hoover is much better informed than he pretends to be. He hardly could excite the country about the grave danger lying in so small a nusleus as the present Communist party. Accordingly, it seems to him sound tactics to accept every Communist claim and add on a little for good measure. This curious teamwork was exhibited after the statement from the White House concerning the red menace of the bonus army. Communist headquarters immediately stood by the President and ‘-admitted” that its leaders had inspired the bonus march and had been responsible for the clash with the police and all subsequent disorder. This was accommodating on the part of the Communists, but far from accurate. The truth is that Mr. Foster and his associates came into the march belatedly. The groups which began the movement to Washington were conservative right up to the point of being reactionary in regard to everything but the bonus. Although the fluctuated, there never was the slightest.

or when there is irritation of the valve where such emptying occurs, the symptoms are quite definite. The usual manifestations include discomfort, two or three hours after a meal, relieved by taking bicarbonite of soda. The first symptoms of this disturbance are heartburn, belching of acid, ancl the development of a large amount of saliva. The people who have this combination of symptoms find frequently that it comes on during cold weather, after worry or exposure, and that it is much worse when they are constipated. Obviously, the determination of exactly what is wrong under such circumstances is of the greatest importance. The physician makes his diagnosis after a careful study of the case, including the use of X-rays to view the stomach w'hile actually working, and including also a study of the fluid secreted by the stomach during the process of digestion. The control of the condition through suitable medication and diet is a relatively simple matter, once its cause is understood.

„ v HEYWOOD BROUN

j possibility of its being intrusted jto a radical. One of General Glassford's chief jobs was to keep the khaki shirt majority from manhandling the little group of Communists who joined the demonstration at the eleventh hour. u a Perhaps an Afterthought A STRAIGHT bonus payment is not even mentioned in the Communist platform, although it has figured in many speeches since. In so far as the party remains faithful to the logic of its economic philosophy, even now the bonus is only a part of a general program of unemployment relief. I am not quarreling with this. I don't see how any radical honestly can argue otherwise. But the bonus army itself was from the beginning almost straight bonus and nothing else. General Glassford has been rebuked by the President because he was too lenient. The general tried hard to kid the men along and avoid trouble. He gave no aid and comfort to the red-menace talk. Finally the riot came. Naturally, the Communists wanted a clash. From their point of view, that would be an obvious advantage. But the riot was not of their making. They were chagrined to have been so palpably left out of the whole affair. To their intense delight the sound of hoofbeats was heard in the dis- | tance. Up rode President Hoover and presented them with the whole commotion. And they were no fools. They accepted it eagerly. Asa rule, Communists are not grateful for favors bestowed upon ! them by outsiders, s ut for the mo- I ment they have made a return in kind. The campaign of Mr. Foster and Mr. Ford very seldom takes up the iniquities of the Republican President. Seemingly their chief fight is not with them, but almost wholly against the Socialists, the Socialist Laborite, the remnants of the I. W. W. and the anarchist groups. Even a revolutionist is not inclined to look a gift horse in the teeth. 'Coovrieht. 1932. bv The Times) How are the sizes of shoes marked? The width is expressed in letters 1 and the length in numbers. Stock I widths range from triple A narrow- I est, to double E, widest. Whole sizes I increase in length by one-third of an inch. The American size system runs from 0 to 134 in the first series, and continues from 1 on in the second series. In the first series, size 0 is 4 inches long and size 134 is 84 inches long. In the second series ize 1 is 8 2-3 inches long and size 12 is 12 1-3 inches long. Who is the youngest Governor? Richard B. Russell, 33 years old, Governor of Georgia. Who is secretary of the 1 Charles Frances Adams.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those ol one of America’s most interesting' writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement w'ith the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

AUG. 10, 1032

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

Practically All Early MythoU ogy Is Based on the Sun. THE sun is not only responsible for the existence of this earth itself, for the possibility of life upon it, and for the beginning of astronomy—and through astronomy all science—but it is responsible as well for a vast literature. Practically all early mythology is a solar mythology. "It permeates the early history of all people,” writes Olcott. "Its influence has made itself felt in even,' age. and many of the customs that govern our lives today are of solar origin." In the most primitive cultures, we find the sun regarded as an animal. In certain legends of the American Indians, for example, the sun is called a hare. Among certain tribes in India, the sun is thought to be a bull. Students of mythology refer to such conceptions of the sun as animistic or zoomorphic. Later, the sun is regarded as a man or woman, a conception known technically as anthropomorphic. These anthropomorphic conceptions culminate in the complex legends and beliefs surrounding such personifications of the sun as that of Osiris in Egypt. Apollo in Greece, cr Balder in the Norse countries. "Indeed, it might almost be said.” writes C&rke, “that all the great steps in the onward march of the human race could be found recorded in the various and multiple personifications of the sun." U St tt Shepherd or Farmer EARLY man lived a life which differed in many respects from that of today. One of its chief differences was that it was lived mostly outdoors. He was a shepherd or a farmer. He was accutely aware of every change in the weather, for it had an almost immediate effect upon his comfort and frequently his ; safety. The change of the seasons and the daily aspect so the sun were matters of importance to him. He studied them and tried to explain them and, consequently, solar mythology came into existence. Sir George Cox writes in "The Mythology of the Aryan National;” "In the thought of these early ages the sun was the child of night or darkness, the dawn came before he was born and died as he rose in the heavens. "He strangled the serpents of the night, he went forth like a bridegroom out of his chamber, and like a giant he run his course. "He had to do battle with clouds and storms. Sometimes his light grew' dim under their gloomy veil, and the children of men shuddered at the w'rath of the hidden sun. "His course might be brilliant and beneficient, or gloomy, sullen and capricious. He might be a warrior, a friend, or a destroyer. The rays of the sun were changed into golden hair, into spears and lances, and robes of light.” n a a In Egyptian Day.s RENOUF, an eminent student of Egyptian mythology, regards ail of it as solar in origin. He writes: “Whatever may be the case in other mythologies,. I look upon the sunrise and sunset, on the daily return of day and night, on the battle between light and darkness, on the w’hole solar drama in all its details that is acted every day, every month, every year, in heaven and in earth as the principal subject of Egyptian mythology.” A common feature of early mythologies is the connection between the sun-god and navigation. This perhaps grew out of the fact that the seashore marked a boundary from which the early mariner could not stray very far in his little sailing vessels, whereas he saw the sun rising or setting apparently out of the sea on the horizon. In other words, the sun navigated territory he dared not attempt. The importance of the sun in helping the early mariner to determine his direction and course undoubtedly played a large part also. In Egyptian temples, representations of Ra, the sun-god, sailing a boat over the ocean of heaven, are common. The Greeks regarded their sungod, Apollo, as the founder of navigation. The same distinction was accorded by the Romans to Janus, their sun-god. Peruvian mythology pictures the su-god as coming from out the sea and later departing in a boat. Perhaps the modern mariner, who determines his position on the ocean by “shooting" the sun with a sextant, will feel a bond of understanding between himself and the founders of these ancient legends.

M TODAY aa SjT IS THEWORLD WAR \ ANNIVERSARY

GERMANS THROWN BACK August 10 ON Aug. 10, 1918, British troops continued their victorious' drive against the Germans on the Somme front, driving forward in many places and increasing the number of prisoners taken in three days to more than 36,000. Vast quantities of ammunition and supplies were captured by the British. Other German stores were blown up or burned by the retreating troops to prevent them from falling into the hands of the advancing allies. French storm troops took Montdidier and advanced rapidly over the surrounding territory. They captured more than fifty square miles of new territory during the day’s fighting, taking hundreds of prisoners and throwing back the defending German troops in great confusion. Berlin newspapers admi.ted the seriousness of the situation on the western front and urged the German people to remain loyal until “peace with honor" had been declared. Is Governor Franklin D. Rooeevel* a Mason? Yes,