Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 33, Indianapolis, Marion County, 18 June 1932 Edition 02 — Page 4

PAGE 4

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An Editor to Jail Today Don Nixon, editor of a newspaper at Wabash, adds his name to the list of editors who walk into jails for the privilege of telling what they believe to be the truth. Again a court has found it necessary to use the arbitrary power to punish for “contempt” when editors criticise their actions. Again judges place themselves upon pedestals and proclaim themselves omniscient and sancro-sanct. Unjustified criticism of the acts of any judge can be laughed away. It falls of its own weight of either malice or misinformation. It is usually only when the printed article finds a responsive echo in the minds of readers that judges ever use the weapon of contempt to protect their dignity under the guise of keeping the processes of the court in orderly motion. With the merits of the controversy between Nixon and the court, The Times has no opinion and no particular interest. With the sending of an editor to jail under this assumed power of indirect contempt, The Times has the same interest as any other unit of society, and every citizen who believes in free government should have a very great interest. The article which sends Nixon to jail concerns the appointment of a receiver for a bank. In that subject many depositors are interested. A political appointment to such a position might easily mean the loss of whatever assets were left by unwise, or worse, bankers. Nixon may have been wrong in his facts. The appointment might have been very good. Or, it may have been, as he suggested, political or influenced by the directors of the defunct institution. When a court holds that the appointment of a receiver is a continuing act and that no criticism, true or false, may be made, it sets a precedent which should warn the people that a free press is gasping for breath. This state has some very bad laws in regard to contempt written in passion in a determined effort to send two men to jail. In the case of Rev. E. E. Shumaker, former head of the Anti-Saloon league, the courts established the precedent that such prisoners can not be pardoned by the Governor and that the courts are above the ordinary revision by executives, even if they show malice, hate, prejudice or even insanity. In the case of George Dale, whose persecutor was later impeached by the house of representatives, the supreme court wrote the astounding declaration that the truth is no defense against the hatred of a judge. Take those two and put them together and you have the perfect pattern for censorship by courts. If Nixon had told the truth and been able to prove it, that fact could not liberate him. If he had slandered a judge or a person, the libel laws are there to punish. If he goes to jail, no Governor can turn him loose. The cause of free speech has had many martyrs through the centuries. Some have died upon the wrack. Others have been burned at the stake. Others go to jail. Perhaps what is needed is more editors who are ready to go to jail. Nearer Home California doubtless deserves all the condemnation which has been heaped upon her for the failure to see that elementary justice is done to Mooney and Billings. Yet the papers have revealed to our attention an even more absurd case in Pennsylvania. In the issue involving Mooney and Billings, somebody was killed. Indeed, nine were killed and forty injured. The outrage for which they were convicted falsely was one of the most atrocious in our national history. There was some psychological basis for public indignation and judicial savagery. In Pennsylvania, one Israel Lazar still is in prison under a four-year sentence imposed as a result of criticism of President Coolidgc and his cabinet back during the campaign of 1928. Lazar is a Communist and supported William Z. Foster. He was arrested, tried, and sentenced on the testimony of a policeman who alleged that Lazar called Coolidge and Kellogg a “bunch of hypocrites. - ’ The supreme court of the United States has refused to review his sentence and Lazar must serve out his term. Lazar was convicted on the basis of the criminal syndicalism law of Pennsylvania. It may be bad taste to call the President and the secretary of state hypocrites, but it certainly is not a legitimate prison offense. Even less should it be so regarded in the heat of a political campaign. Moreover, if anybody is going to be punished for such epithets, let everybody. Similar or worse statements frequently were made during the 1928 campaign by distinguished political leaders. Professors of history and international relations daily express such sentiments in their classes or writings. If all critics went to the hoosegow, such an absurd violation of civil rights and personal freedom would be rectified quickly. Students of American history will not need to be told that any such procedure is directly at variance hot only with the Bill of Rights, but also with the tradition and practice of American political life. Even the venerable Franklin and the sainted Washington were vilified by eminent Americans during the contest over the ratification of the Constitution. Jefferson was attacked bitterly, not only in the campaign of 1800, but also in that of yio4, when he was chief executive. The alien and sedition laws were passed to protect an oversensitive group of public officials. This disastrous experience should have ended taif all time ♦ '*t

The Indianapolis Times (A SCRIPPS-HOWAKD NEWSPAPER) Owned and published daily (except Sunday) by The Indianapeli* Time* PubMabiny Cos., 214-220 Went Maryland Street. Jndianapolia, Ind. Price in Marion County. 2 wnta a copy; elsewhere, 3 cent*—delivered by carrier, 12 cent* a •week. Mail subscrip- _ tion ratea in Indiana, *3 a year; outside of Indiana. 5 cents a month. BOtD OURLET. ROT W. HOWARD. HARD D. BAKER Editor President Business Manager PHONE—Riley 5601 SATURDAY JUNE 18. 1932 Member of United Press, Scrlpps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newapaper Enterpriae Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

the silly effort to prevent denunciation of public servants in a democracy. One does not need to have any personal esteem for Lazar or to share in his views to the slightest degree to feel that as long as he remains in the penitenttarv, Pennsylvania hardly can look with scorn upon California. The American Civil Liberties Union has called our attention to a case across, the boundary in New York state, which In another manner reminds one of the blot on California justice. The highly original notion of the California supreme court in the Billings review case was held up for the nation to view with amazement. The court held that the collapse of the state’s case against Billings was not enough to justify his release. Billings must prove his own innocence. This is a complete reversal of all principles of Anglo-Saxon justice. But the Civil Liberties Union has uncovered a somewhat comparable case in New York state. One Max Krawchuk was sentenced to prison for seven and a half years for alleged arson. Competent investigators have stated that there was no concrete evidence against Krawchuk. The trial judge held that Krawchuk must prove his own innocence. He said that the defendant must show that the fires were started by spontaneous combustion or by persons other than the defendant. This is another evidence that California does not quite stand alone. But there is little probability that the treatment of Krawchuk will be approved by the New York state court of appeals. One can envisage with pleasure what Judge Cuthbert Pound and his associates would do to the Mooney-Billings travesty. Another Hoover? Theoretically, a national political convention is supposed to express the will of the delegates assembled. Actually, the delegates are scenery. They sing songs, and wave standards and eat peanuts and enjoy their fling. But what comes forth is not from them. One man writes the ticket. If the convention is a convention of the “ins," that man is the President. If of the “outs,” he is the one who wins the nomination. On rare occasions, as when Smith in 1928 did not agree with what the delegates in Houston had done, the nominee defies the delegates—and so the platform, nevertheless, reflects the nominee. The words of the 1932 Republican platform are the words of Herbert Hoover. Each vague and elusive line is his, from the introduction, to that classic evasion about “submission not limited to retention or 3 repeal”—and on to the declaration in behalf of Lo, the poor Indian. The Republican document mirrors the man who heads the Republican party. And so will the Democratic document mirror a man. Will that man be another Hoover? Two weeks will tell. “Unfinished Business” • The senate has disposed—and, we believe, wisely—of the bonus bill. The senate has not disposed of the issue which the army of bonus seekers, in their own way, represent. It has not disposed of the question of relief. However, at this late day in a long, long session, it has made relief—relief of the hungry, the homeless, and the jobless—the “unfinished business” before the senafe. That means, in a parliamentary sense, that consideration of legislation for this purpose has right of way In the senate. Fortunately, the senate has, in the Wagner bill, a measure that not only goes some distance toward meeting the needs of the situation, but a measure that can be passed. It is not all that such a bill might be; it does not do all that an intelligent and humane government could be expected to do; but it does reach out in that direction. And it does make opposition to it difficult, whether from a pork-hungry house of representatives or a self-centered White House. It offers some assurance of providing food for the hungry and finding work for the idle. It is the unfinished business of the senate and it can not be finished too quickly. We are expecting a campaign any day for the release of Tom Mooney immediately so he can come east and plead for Jimmy Walker. Most parrots sing, rather than swear, these days, a bird fancier tells us. Which must be great news for the man who wants to sell a profane bird. We notice that a school of oratory for women has been opened in Paris. We suggest that they import a few American wives as instructors. Despite the depression ,the bill collector is more popular than ever. Even the best families ask him to call again.

Just Every Day Sense BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

A GOOD deal of Paul's advice to Timothy, as recorded in the Holy Book, hardly can be regarded as suitable for intelligent moderns, and certainly not for women. It would set us back in the dark ages. But the First Epistle contains one of the wisest things ever said by man. “The love of money is the root of all evil,” wrote the first Christian theologian, in a bright flaah of understanding, long, long ago. It explains tersely what is wrong with us tod.v and better than the finest essay by any living economist. For surely w r e are “pierced through with many sorrows” because we have loved money too well. And wherever the passion for gold becomes too intense, virtues languish. The men of this country have been betrayed by thus lust into making zanies of themselves and well nigh wrecking civilization. We have witnessed a veritable intelligence panic. Common sense is likewise at a low’ ebb when the individual puts his entire trust in wealth as a means to success or happiness. Yet for the last quartercentury, men have neglected wives and homes and children to run after riches. And women, foolishly aping them, have, like Mary’s little lamb, followed after. m a NOW 7 there is nothing surprising in the fact that the person who enters maturity with an absorbing ambition to make money very likely will succeed under ordinary circumstances. Edison once sagely said that the man w’ho accumulates money, accumulates very little else, and so we have seen many a rich person die a pauper in contentment and wisdom. Because a nation can be no finer than its people, we now are, of all countries under the sun, the richest in gold and the poorest in morals. Millions of citizens are innocent victims of the evil of this universal lust after money. They commute from their homes into great cities, having literally no time to spend in the rearing of their children. And the “week-end parent” hardly can expect to fashion the manneafjof character of the coming generation. -

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy Says:

Every Element of the Existing Situation Challenges the Democrats to Come Out With a Short, Snappy Platform and a LongHeaded Candidate. NEW YORK, June 18.—Republicans have et the stage for just such a candidate as Alfred E. Smith. Their pussyfooting calls for practical, aggressive leadership by way of contrast. If the parties won’t differ on issues, they at least pan differ in style. Nor is style so inconsequential as some people think. The style of quibbling, procrastinating and sidestepping has cost this country untold trouble. It is time that we quit the idea of not doing anything until lorced. Unless they are content to be imitators, the Democrats have their cue. Every element of the existing situation challenges them to come out with a short, snappy platform and a long-headed candidate. MUM What Does It Mean? IF the Democrats must “view with alarm,” let them do it in one sentence, and then tell us in plain English how’ they intend to overcome the causes. The Republicans have dosed us with a platform so windy and uninteresting that not one in a thousand ever will read it. Those who do read it will discover that they are wasting time long before they get through. It might do very well as a lecture by an assistant instructor to a class of sophomores, especially if he were trying to show off on a subject with which he was not very familiar, but as a message to the public, it is a flop. Thirty-seven planks, and who knows what the Republican attitude is toward war debts, Russian trade, or Muscle Shoals, much less the cash bonus and prohibition? aaa Smith Is the Man INDEED, the country needs a candidate like Smith, who can say what he means in a w’ay that ordinary folks understand, and a platform that he doesn’t have to throw 7 in the waste basket. Four years ago, Mr. Smith had to forget the platform which was handed him at Houston, and make one as he stumped. But that did not prevent him from gaining the confdence of 16,000,000 citizens and rolling up the biggest vote ever cast for a Democratic presidential nominee. With a platform such as Republican squirming makes it possible for Democrats to write, a candidate like Smith could sweep the country. a a a Bunk Reign Near End THERE never was a better chance for the Democratic party to reestablish itself and do the country a real service. The one Republican hope is that President Grant was right. Why not swap roles, and let Republicans do the blundering this | trip? The people want leadership. They failed to get it from the Republican convention. Week after next, the Democratic convention will have its turn. If the people fail to get it then, they will have drawn a blank in this campaign. Don’t take the possibility as a joke, because it is anything but. The American people have endured about all that should be asked of human nature during the last three years. They have shown wonderful patience and courage, but they can hardly be expected to eat and drink bunk much longer. a a a Need Leadership YOU have seen most of the great nations on earth go to pieces under the strain of post-war problems. You have seen Germany in the throes of inflation, Italy in control of a dictator, and England forced to abandon the gold standard. Don't imagine that the United States can avoid rough weather, unless practical, purposeful leadership is substituted for the academic dwadling to which it has been, and still is, being treated. The Democratic party faces not only a great opportunity, but an imperative obligation. The best it can offer will be none too good.

M TODAY $9 IS THE- Vs * WORLD WAR \ ANNIVERSARY V)fM

BLOODY ITALIAN FRONT June 18

ON June 18, 1918. Austrian and Italian troops, the latter reinforced by British battalions, engaged in a fierce battle on the Italian front. It centered on the mountain sector and Montello district, and was caused by the concerted Austrian effort to better their positions on the Piave; especially west of San Dona. Saint Andrea, which had changed hands teij times in various encounters. was torn to the ground by shells. The railroad running from that town toward Montebelluna was hidden under a litter of dead bodies for several kilometers. The haul of prisoners from Austrian ranks had reached more than 9.000. Many of the prisoners had little packets of money coupons printed in Italian' for spending in cities the Austro-Hungarian forces expected to capture.

Daily Thought

And the Lord said unto Moses, whosover hath sinned against me, him will I blot out of my book.— —Exodus 32:33. Man is, properly speaking, based upon hope, he has no other possession but hope; this world of his is emphatically the place of hope.— Carlyle. Do edible oysters produce valuable pearls? •The United States bureau of fisheries says that edible oysters never produce valuable pearls, because their shells have only a limited iridescence.

BELIEVE IT or NOT

* f UNDER HIS NOSE AND ANOTHER UNDER MOVE H/s SCALP BACK AND FORTH i* Tombstone Portrait- spnwfece.fc, A6OU^ E t alkcasing* A FEW yEAKS AFTER THE TH£ SAME time/ DEATH OF SM/TH TREAOSNELL Jgifc, — — _ an exact Likeness of him |7i / y/j n APPEARED ON HfS ** Jnff < iCy V. j BAXTER SPARKS Lj -4** st-***-League) \ J ~/ | PITCHED AND WON / (W) * 7,2 \ [j 21 CONSECUTIVE GAMES | Foittf** Syndic*)!, tnc. nfhti rcvrwn) ~~ ‘ ) Lgfa ~~~ —-7?. ’ ~ ~ A CURIOUS OLD RECEIPT *. . 0

Following is the explanation of Ripley’s “Believe It or Not,which appeared in Friday’s Times: The Most Gigantic Painting Ever Made—The picture is seventy feet high and forty feet wide, the largest, ever painted, was the w'ork of Hokusai, Japanese painter. It was done at Yedo in 1817 on the occasion of the temple festival on the fourteenth day of the fourth month. The gigantic figure of Dharma was painted with enormous brushes dipped in veritable casks of India ink. The work is on such scale that the design could be seen only by those who mounted with ladders to the temple roof. This picture brought Hokusai great fame and the favors of the Shogun Iyenasi. But when he

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Noise Is Real Health Problem

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association, and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. WITH the growth of our cities and the increasing complexities of the life of the average city dweller, noise has become one of the real health problems. The first comprehensive measurement of noise in city streets has been made and a report on it published recently. The survey disclosed the fact that a tiger’s roar could not be heard more than twenty feet in many sections of the city. Os course, New York has far more noise than the average smaller city, but the problem is relatively the same everywhere. The nerves of the average city dw’eller are extremely sensitive to

IT SEEMS TO ME

CHICAGO, June 18. —Underneath it all, the Republican convention was not as silly as it sounded. There was a great deal of low animal cunning, even though it failed to meet the eye. To be sure, practically all the dramatic events occurred off stage, but that must be expected at political gatherings. This was the most cynical of all conventions since the days of Daugherty and the smoke-filled hotel room. Indeed, there was less smoke this time and more concentration of power. Almost without exception, the delegates gave Herbert Hoover what he wanted. Such delays and bickerings as arose were caused by the fact that on several problems Mr. Hoover had a hard time making up his mind as to just what he did want. But he arrived at one difficult and important decision, even though it involved the slaying of an individual. I hasten to add that the man who was killed never really lived in actuality, but he was for years among the liveliest of American myths. Moreover, the drastic action taken now may be excused, upon the ground that the legend was lingering on precariously because of anemia. “The brave does it with a sword; the coward with a kiss.” The President decided that he had been timid for too long a time, and so with three sharp blows he utterly demolished something which had been himself. He slew deader than last year’s slogans a person who once was known as Herbert Hoover, the great humanitarian and liberal. a * a Hoover Is Reactionary NOT even the stump speakers of the coming campaign can present the Republican candidate as anything but an utter conservative from Yiow on. Nor will Mr. Hoover want them to do otherwise. As in the past, he has matched various courses of action and decided on the one which seemed to him superior in expediency. And with both eyes wide open, Herbert Clark Hoover has decided that in the year 1932 th one best bet is to be reactionary. His decision might be subject to some sUghtrvanation if the Demo-

On request, sent with stamped addressed envelope, Mr. Ripley will furnish proof of anything depicted by him.

died in 1849, at the age of 89 years,, leaving behind him more than 30,000 paintings and drawings, in according with his last wish his tomb was inscribed “Gwakioyen Manjing Haka” (Tcmb of Manji, the Old Drawing Fool). Jailing the Rain Drops—Emperor Shirakawa ruled Japan from 1073 to 1129. In the last year of his reign violent rainfall caused the river Kammo to rise and to devastate the countryside. To cope with the flood, the emperor ordered a pailful of rainwater placed under arrest by way of chastisement. It does not seem as though the emperor’s stern measures had any salutary effect upon the fractious

noise, and the consequence of working under such conditions is lessened efficiency. Among 11,068 complaint cases investigated by the noise abatement commission of the city of New York, it was found that more than 53 per cent concerned traffic,, including railways, trolleys, automobiles and trucks. Yet the automobile undoubtedly has made great strides recently in lessening its noise at high speeds. This advancement, however, has been counterbalanced by the increasing numbers of automobiles. Edison once said that city noise must continue to increase and that eventually man would be deaf, thereby overcoming the harmful

crats fool him in their choice. Hoover expects to face Franklin Roosevelt. I am not myself a conservative or inclined in that direction, and yet I think that the scuttling of the Hoover myth and the plain label put upon his present attitude constitute the greatest public service which the President yet has rendered to the United States. For the first time in years, America may have a chance to stand up and be counted on the really vital and fundamental issues of government. I say “may” because there is an obvious catch in the opportunity. It takes two to constitute a clearcut duel. No reasonable man will deny that Herbert Hoover accurately represents the conservative point of view, but the question remains as to whether the Democrats will put a bona fide liberal against him. Franklin Roosevelt may be an excellent man in many ways,, but he does not meet this requirement at all. aaa Roosevelt Not Liberal IN spite of his protestations, Roosevelt is not a liberal under any exacting definition of the term. It is true that in the middlewest he is accepted by many as the very symbol of this school of thought. That’s not good enough. If the election is to mean anything, it must beman to man and not myth against symbol. We have had our share of sham battles already. Curiously enough, I think that Smith and Hoover might provide an almost perfect cast for an honest knock down and drag out struggle. I will admit that in their last meeting many extraneous and irrelevant issues were introduced. Chiefly, I think, by the Republican campaigners. But I credit Herbert Hoover with enough political acumen to know that the same trick hardly will suffice now. He could not expect to win again by the expedient of proclaiming himself the leader in a holy war. No amount of evasion upon the part of any or all the candidates can keep the unemployment issue from the center of the stage. And on this the Republican platform is

rain. History records that emperor's dying words: “There were only three things that did not obey me—the waters of the Kammo river, the dice in backgammon and the Buddhist priests. The Passkey to Paradise—“Om Mani Padme Hum,” the first words taught to babes in Tibet. It is the most frequently uttered sentence in the country, and is the last prayer of the dying. An all-compelling, irresistible talisman and password to paradise, it is carved endlessly upon rocks and walls and inscribed upon the prayer wheels with which people pray without opening their mouths. Monday—The Man With a Horse’s Mane.

effects of the hubbub of the great cities. But deafness certainly is a tragic price to pay for immunity from man-made machines. Anti-noise commissions have been formed in many cities to fight this growing evil. Laboratories are engaged in testing the effect of continued noise on the human mechanism, and others are experimenting with noise-eliminating devices. While the end of the problem is hardly in sight, it remains a fact that a start has been made in the right direction. City health authorities have been quick to recognize the importance of noise abatement and progress may be expected in the future.

DV HEYWOOD BROUN

woefully wrongheaded and admirably clear. It will suffice to quote only briefly from the last paragraph of the plank wjiich declares that the Republican party is “opposed to the federal government entering directly into the field of private charity and direct relief to the individual.” nan Must Talk Clearly THAT is a challenge which should be met and 'can be met, but if the Democrats are to seize their opportunity to become officially the liberal party of America, they must use language just as clear as that of the Republicans. And clear language brings up the problem of prohibition, which is the major tragedy of American politics. Talk of “taking the issue out of politics” is nonsense. It began in politics and it must be settled in the same way. Moreover, the speakeasy is by no means the worst by-product of the situation. The worst product is the political leader who does not speak at all; Dr. Johnson’s famous definition of patriotism now can be revised to read: “Prohibition is the last refuge of the scoundrel.” Yet if all the drys were rascals or moronic, it would be easy enough to draw the battle lines. The real tragedy is so many of the'men entitled to assume the leadership of a liberal movement are liberal about everything but liquor. I am thinking specifically of Norris and of Costigan. In the case of Norris, he did leap over his opionions in this matter to support A1 Smith four years ago. Still it is hard to expect people who think that the enforcement racket is a part of misrule to enlist.behind anybody who fights all tyrannies but that Os the Anti-Saloon League. (Convrieht. 193 e. bv The Times* Is it necessary to make an actual count of words in a short story when it Is submitted for publication? Usually an approximation of the number is sufficient. Does a person weigh more after eating than before? Yes. * I

K V fetfstered U. • JLf J. Patent Offtee RIPLEY

Ideal* and opinion* expretsed in this column are those ol one of America’s most interesting writers and are presented withoat recard to their arreement or disacreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

JUNE 18, 1932

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

Probability of Life on Venus Is Strengthened by Recent Discoveries. i "D ECENT discoveries increasing i the probability of life on Venur, the finding of asteroids of peculiar behavior, and new theories about the origin of comets, are serving to' center the attention of astronomers upon the solar system renewed concentration. By attaching a spectroscope to the 100-inch telescope, the world's largest telescope, and examining the spectrum of the planet Venus. Drs. Adams and Dunham of the Mt. Wilson conservatory have established the fact that there is carbon dioxide in the heavily clouded atmosphere of Venus. Carbon dioxide is one of the requirements of life as we know it. and so the chances that the planet is inhabited greatly are enhanced. The asteroids, or “little planets.” have been discovered, both of which will approach closer to the earth than does Eros, the asteroid which formerly held this distinction. They are the “Delporte object,” discovered by Professor Delporte of Brussels, and the “Reinmuth object,” discovered by Professor Reinmuth of Heidelberg. The Reinmuth object, seconding to Professor E. B. Frost of the Yerkes observatory, may come w7ithin 4,350.000 miles of the earth. JS'os, at its closest approach, is 16.Qa0.000 miles from the earth. a a a Unusual Chance ACJLOSE approach to the Reinmuth object would furnish astronomers with an unusual opportunity to make more accurate measurements of distances within ’ the solar system. , It Is an easy matter, from the law's of Kepler, to write the relative distances of all objects within the solar system. If, then, one can be measured with great accuracy, all the others can be reduced to the same soale of accuracy. To date. Eros has provided the best opportunity. At present, according to Dr. Frost, ; the measurement of the distance between the earth and the sun, approximately 93,000,000 miles, is believed to be accurate within 50,000 miles. Measurements w 7 ith the aid of the Reinmuth object ought to give an accuracy within 10.000 miles, he believes. It also is apparent, that the close approach of the Reinmuth object i will give astronomers an excellent ! opportunity to study the object it- | self. Studies of both the large planerts and the asteroids, or “little planets,” will be accelerated by the building of the 200-inch telescope. This telescope, while twice as large as the 100-inch telescope, will be ten times as powerful. It will, therefore, be very useful in clearing up many problems which at present perplex astronomers. It will, for example, reveal details just on the edge of visibility in the 100-inch telescope. Dr. Henry Norris Russell, famous astronomer of Princeton university, has expressed the opinion that it would be possible to make a weather map of Mars with the aid of the 200-inch telescope. aaa Origin of Comets ANEW theory about comets has been advanced by Professor Vsessviatsky of the Astronomical Institute of Moscow. It generally has been assumed by astronomers that a large number of comets which revolve in fairly small orbits, as the orbits of comets go. were “captured” by Jupiter. These comets have been thought to be ones which passed close to Jupiter and so were affected by that planet’s gravitational pull that they henceforth revolved in restricted orbits, one end of which circled the sun and the other end of which was in the general neighborhood of Jupiter’s orbit. There are about fifty comets in Jupiter’s “family.” The Russian astronomer attacks the capture theory on the following grounds; Among comets in general, about 50 per cent are moving in their orbits in the same direction as the planets, while about 50 per cent ar% moving in the opposite direction. But among the Jupiter comets, every one moves in the same direction as the planets. This leads Professor Vsessviatsky to conclude that these comets were expelled or erupted from the planet Jupiter. He also believes that such eruptions still might occur. Some astronomers have, from time to time, suggested that the surface of Jupiter still might be in a molten state. Today, how'ever, most astronomers think that the surface temperature is far below zero. * At any rate, the new theon,’ should lead, not only to a closer study of the comets, but to additional observation of Jupiter. Here is another place where the new 200-inch telescope will prove extremely valuable. (This discussion of th£ solar system will be continued Monday.)

People’s Voice

Editor Times—ls the legislature, to meet in special session July 7. really desires to lift some of the burden from taxpayers, it would do well to consider the old age pension law as one meansCost per pensioner is' about half that of maintaining a poorhouse inmate. This has been shown 50 often that there is no need to take time and space to present the proof again. The Fraternal Order of Eagles and others with a conception of humane treatment of old fathers and mothers is not in a mood to listen to any political bunk that will continue in this state the cruel, unjust, and wasteful poorhouse system. J. PIERCE CUMMINGS. 108 South Capitol avenue. How old is Ignace Paderewski? 71 years old. What is the average height and weight for boys IS years old? The average height is 62.3 inches and the average weight is 107.1 pounds. Where and when was the first Dempsey-Tunnev fight? At Philadelphia. Sept. 23, 1926. What is the theme song in the motion picture. “Private Lives"? “Some Day I’ll Fnd You."