Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 26, Indianapolis, Marion County, 10 June 1932 — Page 6

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t C 0 I P P J - M OW <C*X>

Watson Revealed Senator James Wataon has been renominated—and unmasked. Out of the Republican convention comes a clearer picture than has been had before. Even his critics believed that‘there would be limits to his selfishness. There appears to be none. For years Bert Thurman has devoted much time and energy to the political services of Watson, giving an unquestioned fidelity and accepting in return only criticism from the public. It was for Watson that Thurman had much to do with the repeal of the primary law in the state, very much desired by Watson after his previous experiences as a candidate. Ordinary gratitude would have dictated some show of friendliness wnen Thurman announced his own candidacy, especially in view of the generally accepted valuation of Thurman’s qualifications for the position. Those who knew him did not hesitate to say that he would make a good Governor, if he should be nominated and elected. None questioned his honesty. Nor does any one doubt that Watson dominated the entire convention. Thurman owes his defeat to Watson. A word would have saved him, but the word was against and not for his friend and former lieutenant. It is significant that all of the other candidates believed that Watson was friendly to their aspirations. During his long years in public life, Watson has from time to time discarded friends when they could no longer be useful. His political history is marked with signs of the double cross. He has never hesitated to sacrifice those who served him. But Thurman was different from the others. He had been close to the throne. Some two months ago The Times printed the political rumor, as news, that Springer had been selected by Senator Watson and former Governor Goodrich as the nominee. Events proved the rumor to be justified. At the right moment the supporters of Watson left the other candidates and nominated Springer, according to program and prophecy. One more man has found that Watson can not be trusted in a crisis. Perhaps the people should be warned in November on the fate of Thurman. The Untouchable, Military To a long-suffering country which has waited for months for congress to make sane reductions in the government budget, the increasing probability that the military forces are to be practically exempt from all reductions is the last straw. Meanwhile, the premier of France, reputedly the most militaristic nation in the world today, pledges a 10 per cent cut in French army expenses. The senate has approved war department funds, not only for summer vacation camps for thousands of school boys, but also for restoring to the army 2,000 officers which the house of representatives found were unnecessary to the national defense. To obtain funds for these additions to the military, the senate slashed six and a quarter million dollars from the river and harbor and flood control allotments of the corps of army engineers. These funds were to provide work for many men. Even doing this, it effected only $3,000,000 reduction below the house appropriation. This is less than 1 per cent reduction and stands out in glaring contrast to the 10 per cent cuts imposed upon other branches of the government service. The total proposed reduction in army expenditures, including those on public works, is just about onethird the reduction made in interior department expenses. Decision of the senate appropriations committee to rush the war bill ahead is significant. Apparently it wished to get the bill approved before the exact amount of necessary economies is discovered. Then drastic cuts will have to be made in other appropriations, including those for the treasury, postoffices and independent establishments. President Hoover told the country last January • that 70 per cent of the federal government’s annual expenditures go to pay for past and future wars. Congress can’t repudiate the public debt, which accounts for part of the burden, but it should have reduced gifts, pensions and allowances to veterans and cost of maintaining the army. The Power of False Beliefs It would seem that if we ever faced a fact instead of a theory, such is the case with the current depression. Yet we have a depression primarily because of false economic and social theories. This is demonstrated admirably by Professor Howard Pratt Fairchild in an article in Harper’s magazine. "Men's actions are governed, ultimately, by their beliefs. ... A completely false belief, once established in the mind, is just as powerful a spring of action as one based upon eternal verity. "Beliefs held in common with a large number of individuals become social forces in the strictest sense, rhey govern social action, determine social forms and institutions, and direct the course of social change.” Dr. Fairchild examines a number of false beliefs which have helped on the depression, extended it unnecessarily, or both. Most fundamental, are the laissez-faire and competitive illusion that what is good for the individual necessarily is good for the group—“that a line of conduct which will promote personal welfare also will promote social welfare.” This is as dangerous and fallacious in the economic and social realm as it is in clearing a theater during a fire. In the latter cgse it is to the immediate Interest of the individual to run to the nearest exit. If he does so, however, and all others do likewise. there is a panic, exits are blocked and hundreds die from suffocation, smoke and fire. Our antique economic individualism has produced a comparable calamity in the world today. Take unemployment. The old Individualistic economics held that the chief cause lay in the f&ct that most unemployed persons were sick or bums. Responsibility was personal and not social. But calm statistical analysis shows that such inefficient persons make up only a small portion of the unemployed. Far more are out of work and due to seasonal industry, technological advances, cycles of business and the like —all strictly social causes which the individual can not control unaided. Conventional remedies for unemployment kre equally shortsighted. Let the sick get well and the bums cease their shiftlessness. If they did, they would constitute only so much more effective competition with the well and ambitious persons out of work. Let persons learn two trades, so that they can dovetail them and adjust themselves to seasonal changes —work on both flowera and furs. But person

The Indianapolis Times (A SCRJPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER) Owned *n<l published daily (except Sjnday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos., 214-220 West Maryland Street. Indianapolis. Ind. Price in Marina County 2 cents a copy; elsewhere. 3 cents—delivered by carrier. 12 cents a *ok. Mail subscription rates In Indiana. $3 a year; outside of Indiana. <56 cents a month. BOYD GURLEY. ROY W. HOWARD. EARL D. BAKER Editor President Business Manager PHONE— BHey 5551 FRIDAY, JUNE 10. 1932. Member of United Press. Scripoa-Howard Newspaper Alliance. Newgpaoer Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

who does so drives out of employment a flower or fur worker. Let the rest of the family go to work to offset the idleness of the main wage-earner. This simply throws out of work other chief wage-earners in neighboring families and reduces wages, due to the lesser remuneration of women and children and the flooding of the labor supply. Look at immigration policies in the last half century. People left Europe for America. It was expected that this would produce a double benefit. The migrants greatly would improve their conditions in the United States. By leaving Europe, they would reduce the population pressure at home and allow standards of living to rise for those left behind. Actually, the excessive immigration to the United States has lowered our standards of living, reduced wages and increased unemployment. Further, the gaps in Europe were filled quickly by an increase in population, leaving matters there as bad as ever. Some individuals profited by immigration, but western society as a whole gravely was injured. Perhaps the worst illusion is that of cutting wages to end the depression. The only way out of the depression under capitalism is increased buying power and activity. This must corns chiefly from the wageearners. Cutting their income simply prolongs the slump. "The readiness with which employers resort to this expedient of lowering wages whenever hard times threaten is practically one of the reasons why depressions gain headway so rapidly and last so long.” Likewise the tariff. This has been a respectable dogma for a century. Yet all that is needed to uproot it is the simple truism that in the long run one can not sell unless he is willing and able to buy. So with the stock speculation. When security prices are skyrocketed out of all relation to capital investment and earning power, the only way the individual can profit is by selling his securities. But if all do so then we have a crash like that of October, 1929. Further, consider installment buying. The industrial and commercial future is handicapped badly when families have all their resources and future income applied to the payment of goods already consumed or being consumed. Dr, Fairchild’s article may be recommended enthusiastically to the White House, congress, the supreme court and ail official, semi-official and unofficial commissions and committees devoted to our economic rehabilitation. The Bonus March State, city, county and railroad officials who encourage the so-called bonus march on Washington are acting contrary to the Interests not only of their communities, but in an even larger degree to the interests of the soldiers themselves. The unemployed ex-soldier who believes that arrival in the nation’s capital will improve his condition only is deluding himself. Washington’s relief funds already are exhausted. The concentration there of more thousands of unemployed, whether they be exsoldiers or not, simply means that Washington will become the worst of all places for the man out of a job. Officials who are “passing on” their unemployed to Washington—without giving them the facts of what they will find there—are shirking their responsibility. It is the duty of every officer, both public and of the veterans’ organizations, to do everything in his power through use of reason and argument to stop this movement, the result of which can be only to multiply human misery. The opportunity for local veterans’ leaders to perform a public service and a service to ex-soldiers is especially great. A scientist says that insects can be trained to do tricks. Hoover should appoint him chairman of a commission to train mosquitoes to bark before they bite. "Who doesn’t get a thrill out of watching a horse flash past first in a close race?” asks an enthusiast. That’s an easy one. The man who played another horse. So far the only thing the Republicans and Democrats have agreed on is that the farmer should get higher prices for his crops and that food supplies in the cities should be livered. The attorney-general of Missouri has ruled that any girl of 18 may marry without the consent of her parents. He forgot to add, however, that they must be careful that all other husbands have been legally disposed of first. Arms Parley Delegates War Over Reductions, says a headline. Well, that’s one war we won’t have to pay for anyway.

Just Every Day Sense BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

WE all like to pass the buck about crime. We say it is due to too many laws; to prohibition; to negligent parents; to loss of religious faith. We can give a hundred reasons why America stands before the world today with the greatest crime record of all time. But we need not think we can lower this record until respectable people ponder upon their contribution to this disgrace. The most insidious yet effective means for promoting racketeering, I believe, has come through reform and uplift and town boosting organizations. A man joins his Chamber of Commerce or some luncheon club and, although he may disbelieve entirely in what it does, he back its promotion schemes because he thinks that will help his business. A woman joins an organization for social recognition She does not ask what it stands for or does. a a a SO today we see the sorry spectacle of thousands of women who believe sincerely in world peace and better international relations trekking along with the militant ladies, we see members of the Parent-Teach-er Association and of the Federated Clubs who realize and admit that will not work, who personally are in favor of a change, and who even take drinks themselves, meeting yearly to pass their sweet, inane resolutions that favor a continuance of our shameless failure. We see hordes of men joining lodges to enhance their business prestige and putting their names upon church books for the same reason. Everywhere the decent element prostitutes its convictions, temporizes with Jingoism, bigotry and actual dishonesty to get a few more dollars. It is easy to see where this kind of thing, if practiced long enough, will lead. With hypocrisy enthroned among the respectable, how can we avoid breeding racketeers? We have lost our sense of personal integrity. We are too cowardly to stand up for our honest opinions. We have truckled to humbuggery and are paying for it.

_ THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy Says:

With the Best of Intentions, We Have Overplayed Two Methods of Relief —Charity and Credit. THIS entire session of congress has been devoted to straightening out government finances. The job had to be done, but even when completed, it merely will prepare the way for constructive action. Without a balanced budget, the dollar would be unsafe, and with an unsafe dollar rerival of business would be Impossible. Revival of business, however, calls for much more. Are those in authority dumb, that they fail to see the necessity of a sweeping revision in certain governmental policies? Does continued failure to improve conditions, in spite of all the appropriations that have been made and in spite of the new taxes that have been imposed, mean nothing in their eyes? Some of our leaders appear to be obsessed with the idea that as long as the government provides enough to meet its bills, it is doing all it should to overcome the depression. Credit is Overplayed WITH the best of intentions, we have overplayed two methods of relief—charity and credit—and we have been encouraged to do so by no single influence so forcefully as that of the Hoover administration. Charity is a wonderful thing, except for people who don’t want it, who are humiliated by it, and u’ho often lose hope and self-respect when compelled to accept it. Better that the nation strain its every resource to help them pay their way than save its hoardings by forcing them to stand in a breadline. As to credit, who wants it, or can make good use of it when he is scared? Do you expect the merchant or manufacturer to' borrow, when there is little prospect of selling the goods? There should be no mystery in the fact that much of the credit the government has made available remains unemployed. Need Bigger HT'HUS far, the depression has J- been dealt with largely from a banker’s standpoint. Bankers don’t make work; they help other people to make it. Why should other people make it for the mere privilege of paying bankers interest? What we have needed ever since the crash of 1929 is a bigger market, both at home and abroad, but that is the one thing we have done little to develop. It goes without saying, as President Hoover has pointed out, that the government can not make people buy autos, radio sets, or even the necessities of life. What the government might have done, however, is to provide more work for them on its own account, and help cities, towns and states to provide work by loaning them money under a carefully worked out program such as former Governor A1 Smith suggested. Also, the government might have stimulated foreign trade by adopting a sensible policy toward Russia, by arranging favorable agreements with some other countries, and, above all else, by using its influence to break down tariff walls. u a Time is Misspent IF the government had devoted the time and thought to promoting trade that it has to disarmament palavers and naval conferences, everybody on earth would be better off. Whether the powers agree to build three battleships, or scrap four international conflict is not half so likely as the seethe and stew of revolution. The greatest threat to peace right now does not emanate from the I militarists of any land, but from the bewilderment, discontent, and suffering which beset the people of every land. The task which civilization faces is to see that millions of stomachs are filled, not in breadlines, or from soup kitchens, but as honest pay for honest work. A large share of this task devolves on the government of the United States, by virtue of its wealth, resources, and man power.

I I People’s Voice

Editor Times—The much-needed extra session of the legislature at last has been called and the legislators will wish to reduce the cost of government and to realize that desire, superfluous offices and boards should and must be eliminated, thereby reducing the expenses of government. What a wonderful opportunity they will have to correct a fatal mistake heretofore made by them in establishing four municipal courts of Marion county, of which the supreme court of Indiana has declared is a misnomer and never should have been given that title. The law establishing these courts took away from the people their rights of selecting the judges of said courts and vested that authority jn the Governor of the state and we here in Marion county have a glaring example of his poor Judg- ! naent in the appointment of Clifton R. Cameron as judge of the municipal court of Marion county, room No. 3. Here is a man who never has owned nor driven an automobile in his life, yet he gloats and glories over the wide publicity of trying and convicting 200 cases of traffic violators without an acquittal and without giving defendants the right of a continuance to prepare for a trial and offering any legitimate defense they might have. Yet Judge Cameron tells the press why on June 4 when he was having a field day in the conviction of those accused of traffic law violations, the case of Emmanuel Greeni span was called, and he pushed the affidavit back and did not try him, although Emmanuel Greenspan came forward to be tried. We have no need of four municipal courts in Marion county. Two would be ample and thus save the taxpayers of Marion county at least $40,000 a year. The time is opportune to prepare a bill to be presented at the special session of the legislature abolishing the municipal courts of Marion county and creating in their place a city court with two judges to try civil and minor criminal ■ cases, said judges to be elected by the votes of the citizens and not appointed by a Governor to further his political aggrandizement. t MURRAY WESTBROOKE. Clermont, Ind.. R. F. D.'

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Filters Help in Asthma Cases

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association, and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. IN 1924 a Dutch physician developed a room for the treatment of asthmatic patients. This room was absolutely dust-free and the air in the room was pumped in through a filter. He found that many of his asthmatic patients who slept in such a

room were relieved partially and could go about their work during the day with comfort. Since that time various devices have been developed for use in the home. The devices consist essemtially of a filter of woven wool and cotton cloth through which air is forced by a fan. In another device a

j

cellulose product, resembling filter paper, is used as a filter. Recently investigators in the

IT SEEMS TO ME

SOME friend of Franklin D. ( Roosevelt should warn him be- : fore it is too late. Unless he with- j draws from the race promptly, he , has an excellent chance of being i nominated for the presidency by: the Democrats, and he might even be elected. It will not do to argue that the risk is remote. Governor Roosevelt should not take the chance. Others have argued passionately and with partisanship as to what would happen to the United States if Straight-From-the-Shoul-der Frank were to become our chief executive. But I am meddling in the matter out of pure friendship for the man himself. The office is even less suited for Governor Roosevelt than he for it. Imagination shudders at what may become of a potential President who gets himself a “spokesman” even before he has a nomination. u n n That Fearful Task IF Franklin D. Roosevelt goes to the White House, that mansion will run knee deep in the perspiration of indecision. It is not an easy task for any man to conduct our national affairs in the current era. The incumbent has proved that. But if he is to give way to the Governor of the state of New York I am very much afraid that Herbert Hoover’s pedestal, in the public mind, will be raised during the next four years from half an inch to the top of the Washington monument. I venture to predict that in the event of a Roosevelt landslide we all will be referring to the ex-Presi-dent as Herb and telling each other how much he resembled the Rock of Gibraltar while in office. People even will use the phrase “Hoover prosperity” without a nasty smile. And how about Franklin Roosevelt, while all these wonders and strange happenings are coming into being? Franklin Roosevelt is going to be hideously unhappy. It is well to remember that the gentleman in Albany is a genial and well-inten-tioned individual. All his friends testify enthusiastically to his charm and natural warmth toward all mankind. Indeed, aside from the fact that he is hardly a giant intellect, Gov- | emor Roosevelt possesses only one fault. He can net say “No,” and he ! can not say “Yes.” The best he can do is to mutter a 1 little uncertainly “Yes and no." There is a myth that his first articulate sound as an infant was “Perhaps.” Very few of us are as decisive as we would like to be. Most of us boggle confoundedly when faced I with problems of yea and nay saying. But in the case of the average man, this constitutional disability may be less than tragic. It merely means that we miss a few dinner parties and arrive at first

‘My Goodness!’

University of Illinois School of Medicine have made experiments with such devices, counting the pollens present in the room near the machine and at distance from the machine as contrasted with those found in rooms in which the machines are not In use. It was found that pollen in the room is small in amount and remains constant as contrasted with the rise and fall outside the room. Efficiency of the machine seems to be between 95 and 98 per cent. One hundred five patients with hay fever or asthma and with positive reactions to ragweed were chosen for a test of the device. In 83.2 per cent of the uncomplicated hay fever cases, relief of the symptoms was obtained on entrance into the room, either completely or partially, in three and a half hours or less. In 7is per cent no relief was obtained, and in 13.9 per cent night attacks of hay fever occurred. Ten patients who had combined symptoms of hay fever and asthma obtained relief from hay fever symptoms in a little more than an hour. Most of the asthmatic attacks developed during the night and many of these were sufficiently severe to

DV HEYWOOD BROUN

nights after the curtain has gone up. 0 0 0 Friends Who Will Help IN Albany Franklin Roosevelt has not been precisely a pitiful figure, because the Democratic organization in the state is forthright, if nothing else, and the matter of making up the Governor’s mind often has entailed nothing more than a place, because of its myriads of meddlers. Once pinioned in that post, a President gets so much advice that there is never a clear way out. Even perfect strangers will insist- upon rushing in to tell him what he ought to do. Franklin Roosevelt has had some little practice, it is true, in tightrope walking, but never has he been called upon to cross the chasm of Niagara on a wire. It makes a lot of difference when there is so far to fall after one false step. The genial quality which once characterized the Governor already has been worn away completely by the stress of the pre-convention campaign. Already the candidate has begun to take refuge in the practice cf bawling out the umpire every time a called strike cuts the heart of the plate. Instead of taking a healthy swing at the ball, Franklin Roosevelt leaves his bat on his shoulder and then acts as if the real dispute lay between him and the man in the iron mask. But What About Jimmy? NOT to labor the metaphor, the Governor is behaving as if the Seabury investigation were a private brawl between him and the learned counsel, with Jimmy Walker merely playing the part of an innocent bystander. Among other things, Franklin Roosevelt completely has lost his sense of humor. After all, it is a little funny that a bitter tirade

% T ?S^ Y 7 WORLD WAR A ANNIVERSARY ofk&&

FRENCH ARE BEATEN June 10

ON June 10, 1918, German storm troops struck a tremendous blow at the French front on the Marne, advancing more than two miles and taking 8,000 French prisoners. The villages of Mery, Beloy and St. Maury were stormed by the German forces after a day of desperate fighting. Pressure on the French was so great that emergency reserve regiments were ordered into the battle zone. The Austrian battleship Szent Istvan was sunk by Italian gunbeats off the Dalmatian coast. ■i

Require administration of drugs for relief. Humidity seemed to be an important factor in all asthma cases observed. The symptoms were much more severe during and following rainy days. On rainy days hay fever patients improve through settling of pollens by the rain. It is obvious that air filtration relieves most of the symptoms of hay fever and may be tried in all cases not benefited by the usual methods of treatment. Asthmatic patients are more comfortable when receiving filtered air, but they respond slowly to treatment. When patients with asthma are relieved by receiving the filtered air, they are found to develop attacks within half an hour to an hour after leaving the room. Apparently the pollens taken in have a prolonged action. No doubt, associated with the influence of a pollen are the effects of low-grade Infection of the respiratory tract. When was Charles Ross kidnaped, and how old was he? He was kidnaped July 1, 1874, when he was 4 years of age.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those of one of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

should come from him against an individual on the ground that the alleged rascal is ambitious to be nominated for President. Some few have argued that F. D. and T. R. had nothing in common, but a surname. That is less than accurate. The colonel had the capacity of working himself up to a pitch where he sincerely could believe that every person not on his side must be either corrupt or halfwitted, or probably both. And in his anxiety for the nomination, Franklin Roosevelt has thrown every other human value and issue to the winds. He won’t be happy till he gets It. And the tragedy is that, when he does, he will be even worse off.

Daily Thought

For I am not ashamed of th*e Gospel of Christ: for It is the power of God unto salvation to every one that believeth; to the Jew first, and also to the Greek. —Romans 1:16. The keener the want, the lastier the growth.—Wendell Phillips.

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-JUNE TO, 1988 :

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

Giant Telescope Soon to B 4 Ready for Use of Astronomers. THE work of silvering the 69-inclj mirror for the reflecting telescope of the Perkins observatory has been completed, according to an announcement from Dr. Harlan P. Stetson, director of the observatory. This means that the telescope will be put in operation within a few weeks. The telescope will be the third largest in the world. The Perkins observatory is at Ohio Wesleyan university, Delaware. O. Work upon the telescope and the dome which houses it was started nine years ago. in May, 1923. The telescope, that is the tube, mounting, driving clock, etc., was built by the Warner & Swasey Cos. of Cleveland, famous the world over as builders of large telescopes. The glass disk for the mirror, which weighs 3,500 pounds, was cast by the United States bureau of standards. Five attempts were made to pour the huge glass disk. The final mold, which was found satisfactory, was opened Jan. 21, 1928. A year later, the J. W. Fecker" Cos. of Pittsburgh began the task of grinding the concave surface upon the glass disk.’ This work of grinding and polishing the disk required almost three years. Accuracy beyond the dream of the layman is required both in the surface of the mirror and in the telescope mounting. It is this accuracy, combined with the size of the telescope, which results in its power. Large Telescopes WHEN the sixty-nine-inch telescope at the Perkins observatory goes into operation, it will mean that the central section of the United States has one of the big reflectors. At the present time, the world's largest telescopes are all on the Pacific coast. The largest in existence is the 100-inch reflector at Mt. W’ilson, near Pasadena, Cal. The second largest is the seventy-two-inch reflector at the Dominion Astrophysical observatory, at Victoria, B. C. The 100-inch reflector was built in the machine shops of the Mt. Wilson observatory. The seventy-two-inch. however, was built by Warner & Swasey. builders of the sixty-nine-inch for Perkins observatory. The sixty-inch reflector at Mt. Wilson usually is spoken of as the third largest telescope in the world, although Harvard college observatory has a telescope of about the same size. Other famous telescopes are not reflectors, but refractors. The refractor is the more familiar type of telescope, having a small eyepiece at one end and a large lens at the other. The reflector is built upon a different principle, using a large concave mirror at the bottom of the tube in place of the large lens of the refractor. The reflector was invented by Sir Isaac Newton because of certain difficulties in the refractor. Although these difficulties later were overcome, it became evident that it was easier to build larger reflectors than large refractors. 0 0s In Pasadena THE largest refractors in existence are also the work of the Warner & Swasey Cos. They are the 40-inch refractor at the Yerkes observatory near Chicago, and the 36-inch refractor at the Lick observatory on Mt. Hamilton in California. Attempts have been made to build larger refractors than the 40-lnch, but they always have failed. At present the world of astronomy is looking forward to the day when the 200-inch telescope of the California Institute of Technology will be completed. This telescope, made possible by generosity of the International education board, a Rockefeller foundation, will be twioe the size at the 100-inch, now the world’s largest telescope, and about ten timee R 9 powerful. An "observatory council, H headed by Dr. George Ellery Hale, honorary director of Mr. Wilson observatory, has charge of plans, for the big telescope. The council includes members of the California institute faculty as well as astronomers from Mt, Wilson. It is planned to locate the telescope on a mountain near Mt. Wilson. The new big telescope Is not to supplant the Mt. Wilson telescope, but to supplement It, making it possible for researches to be carried on jointly by the institute and the Mt. Wilson astronomers on a hitherto impossible scale.