Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 19, Indianapolis, Marion County, 2 June 1932 — Page 4

PAGE 4

253i* j an If* t J - M OW AJL&

An Emergency Exists Governor Leslie, summoning the members of the legislature for a upecial session, properly says that an emergency exists. It is not exactly the emergency which he has in mind. It is greater. It does not stop with the prospect of an empty public treasury in the state and in the, counties. It is not limited by the fact that an unfair distribution of tax burdens in confiscating the farms, transforming the owners into tenants, and changing the little home owner into a renter. When the regular session was held, ail proposals to change the sources of public revenue were defeated by a lobby representing the great industrialists and capitalists who were shocked at the thought that an income tax on individuals and corporations might lift a part of this burden. At that time the Governor gave some service to this lobby. There is nothing on record to indicate that he has changed his own attitude. The Governor attempted to secure a pledge from the members of the legislature that there would be no action on any subject except that of taxation, which, of course, would include reduction of wages and numbers of employes. The legislators can not afford to limit themselves. The conditions have changed since the Governor so arrogantly declared that the law makers could not meet. For one thing, the cost of poor relief has mounted in most counties to a sum that is staggering. The limit of relief has been reached. Unless there is state action of some sort, there will be hunger. It is now generally accepted as a fact that the federal government will attempt to give some relief. President Hoover has been forced to change his attitude. He no longer relies on such gestures as those made in Indiana and other states. The congress will vote funds for this purpose before it adjourns. The legislature must create some machinery for caring for the unemployed in this state when federal money is available. If one fact has been demonstrated thoroughly, it is that these funds can not bo trusted to the machinery set up by Governor Leslie for the distribution of the email sums collected from football games and donations by Purdue professors. Federal relief must not mean private peonage. The legislature will wish to reduce costs of government. It may find some clew to possible methods In the fact that wages are already being reduced by the expedient of assessing those on the public pay rolls for political purposes. Stenographers with small wages must pay 5 per cent of a year’s income to the “party” under an edict delivered through a member of the highway commission. If public employes must pay for their jobs, the pay should go back to the people. In any plan to rescue the state from its predicament there should be provision for a transfer of the present gasoline tax, license fees on automobiles and other sources of the huge highway funds to places and uses where the money will take care of those in need and lift a part of the general tax burdens. That the Governor recognizes an emergency is a hopeful sign. Public opinion will indicate the direction the legislature must travel. The first objective is the care of those who will suffer next winter unless some new' means and methods of help are found. A World Economic Conference The Washington-London suggestion of a world economic conference is splendid. Two things have been taught this nation and others by the depres*ion. One is that the basic causes are economic. The other is that economic forces are not national, but International. Drop a stone in our economic puddle and the ripples circle out across the Seven Seas to the end of the earth. So when another nation put* ita foot into It we get the repercussion over here. Such being the care, it is only a matter of very obvious Intelligence for the nations to get together to eliminate causes which injure them all and to produce results which will benefit them all. Os course there is nothing new about the idea of a world economic conference. There was one at Geneva in 1927, There was another, though more limited in scope in 1928. Neither of them improved the state of the world, which, on the contrary, has grown worse. On the basis of this record one might consider ancthei effort hopeless. That, indeed, w u the attitude of President Hoover recently, when he vetoed the Democratic tariff bill, which carried a provision for a world economic conference. • The American government has participated in several economic conferences for these identical purposes since the great war,” he said, and added: "They have resulted in very little accomplishment.’' It seems to us fortunate that the President has become more hopeful. He has accepted the idea, at lead in a limited way, according to the state department announcement. In fact, Foreign Minister Simon told the British house of commons Wednesday that this latest proposal originated in Washington which means at the White House. Just why Washington should announce that the Idea originated in London, and London should inlist that it was bom In Washington, Is not clear. This son fusion, however, is not Important unless it means the two governments are practicing the old

The Indianapolis Times (A SCHIPPS-HOWABD NEWSPAPER) Own*<J and ptiblUbed dally (azeept Sunday) by The Indianapolis Timet Publishing Cos.. 214-220 West Maryland Btraat,<lndianap>li*. Ind- Price In Marion County. 2 cent! a copy; elsewhere. 3 cent*—delivered by carrier, 12 cents a week. Mail subscription rates in Indiana. S3 a year; outside of Indiana. 65 cents a month. BOYD OURLBT. BOY W. HOWARD.’ EARL D. BAKER EdiUr President Business Manager PHONE—Riley Bfigi THQJtBDAT. JUWB 3. 1Member of United Preaa, Scrlpoa-Howard Newspaper Alliance, New*paper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulation*. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

liplomatlc trick of discussing solutions which they lave no intention of carrying out. That was the trouble with those other two economic conferences about which Mr. Hoover was so discouraged. The fault was not in the conference method. Nor was it in the failure to discover causes and to find at least partial solutions. The trouble was the insincerity of the governments participating. They were not willing to abolish their own selfish trade restrictions against foreign commerce and to batter down their own tariff walls. They were not willing in cut down war debts and reparations to a point which necessity now imposes upon them. It is futile, however, to blame the - other fellow as long as our own attitude is so uninteUigently selfish In the very breath that the state department announced acceptance of the international conference plan, it specified that the "conference would have nothing to do wtth war debts, reparations, disarma-; ment, or any other than purely economical subjects.’^ There may be some disagreement—though we can not understand it—as to whether disarmament is an economic question. But if debts are not an economic question, wo: ds have lost their meaning. Tariff is another economic question which Washington apparently would shut out from the "purely economic” conference. For many months there has been an eoonomic conference on debts, disarmament expense, and tariff —the three-in-one economic issue which must be settled to stop the world depression. But a world conference which concentrated on results like the fall in commodity prices, without getting back to causes, would be Just another conference. The Philosopher Speaks We have heard plenty from the politicians and the economic experts since the depression started. Let’s give the philosopher a chance. Let's read Emerson, in light of what is going on today, and see whether what the philosopher says applies. Here are experts from his ‘‘Essay on Compensation”: "Every excess causes a defect; every defect, an excess. Nature hates monopolies and exceptions. “The waves of the sea do not more speedily seek a level from their loftiest tossing than the varieties of condition tend to equalize themselves. "There always is some levelling circumstance that puts down the overbearing, the strong, the rich, the fortunate, substantially on the same ground with all others. "The farmer imagines power and place are fine things. But the President has paid dear for his White House. “Things refuse to be mismanaged long. "Though no checks to anew evil appear, the checks exist, and will appear. If the government is cruel, the Governor's life is not safe. If you tax too high, the revenue will yield nothing; if you make the criminal code sanguinary, juries will not convict. If the law is too mild, private vengeance comes in. "Punishment is a fruit that, unsuspected, ripens within the flower of the pleasure which concealed it. "Cause and effect, means and ends, seed and fruit, can not be severed; for the effect already blooms in the cause, the end pre-exists in the means, the fruit in the seed. "There is a crack in everything God has made. “In nature nothing can be given, all things are sold. "Our property is timid, our laws are timid, our cultivated classes are timid. Fear for ages has boded and mowed and gibbered over government and property. “We are idolators of the old. We do not believe there is any force in today to rival or recreate that beautiful yesterday. We linger in the ruins of the old tent, where once we had bread and shelter and organs, nor believe that the spirit can feed, cover and nerve us again. "The changes which break up at short intervals the prosperity of men are advertisements of a nature whose law is growth.” When Roxy’s theater in New York went into receivership, Roxy, it developed, had sold his interest and was on his merry way to Europe. Foxy Roxy. A New York Jury awarded a young dancer $6,000 because a young man had "cast a spell on her.” Evidently, the spell didn’t work on the jury. If television really is perfected soon, a lot of our soprano crooners will create a run on the beauty parlors. The noise abatement commission overlooked a good bet when it let the new spring suits get by without a protest.

Just Every Day Sense BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

DOWN in the Ozark hills the other day I saw a man, a woman and five children riding into town on a load of wood. They were trying to sell it for 78 cents to get food. I talked some time to the mother. She was 32 years old and had seven children. They just “got along somehow," she explained. They had a pig now, and rilsed green stuff in the spring, and her man chopped wood. The one crop that never failed them apparently was the baby crop. How many more would this woman have, I wondered. And this was but one family. Many rural sections are peopled by just such prolific folk. Moot of them never have enough to eat all the year through. They have no possible chance for a decent life, and a good many of their children have less than average intelligence. What worth may be bred into them from heredity is well destroyed by their environment, coupled with dire poverty. mam IT is hard to see how we can continue to look upon such conditions with calmness. Shall we ever wake up to the alarming increase of mediocrity, criminality and imbecility in this country? If we are determined to breed feeble-minded citiaens, then we need not hope to have other than a feeble-minded citizenship very soon. Birth control, Intelligently taught, is the one thing that can save America from a future of complete stupidity. Yet a good many able advocates of birth control, it seems to me, do far less than their duty when they merely preach fewer children for the dull-witted. They also should be as zealous in promoting more children for the intelligent. There is today, as we know, a very low birth rate among the sturdy-minded element and a very high birth rate among the dull-witted and poor. These two facts combined constitute a grave danger. If we are to hope for an improvement of conditions in the future, we must impress upon the better class of men and women the necessity for more babies in the home. To eliminate the stupid is not enough. We must rear strong, well-balanced and intelligent individuals for coming years.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M: E; Tracy Says:

Prejudices Have Come to Play Too Dominant a Part in Our Political Attitude. NEW YORK, June 2.—This is June, 1932, with the country facing a most critical situation. Both great parties are about to meet in convention. Presumably, they will devote themselves whole-heart-edly to the approval of such men and measures as promise relief. At any rate, that is what we teach our children. Our children believe in the ideal. The country would be far better off if more of US older people did. We are too wise, however, or think wa are. We not only recognize the shams and tricks, but accept them as evidencing progress. We have reached that point of sophistication where we can look on crooked, or purposeless, politics without being afraid. A wonderful frame of mind, when you come to think about it, a wonderful example of stoicism. 0 0 0 Can't See Warnings WE see nothing amiss in the fact that twenty years ago, Woodrow Wilson was nominated as the Democratic presidential candidate because William J. Bryan came out for him when Tammany Hall decided to support Champ Clark. We read no sign of stupidity in the fact that four years later we elected Wilson for a second term, on the ground that he had “kept us out of war,” though we found ourselves in war less than thirty days after his inauguration. We see nothing to worry about in the fact that Warren G. Harding was nominated by the Republicans in 1920 as a compromise when the delegates found themselves unable to agree on any one of three abler men. We see no warning in the fact that we stuck by Coolidge on the supposition that he was a safe man and was bound to make the country safe, when his administration was just a bubble-blowing spree, as Hoover discovered within seven months after entering office. * * We Go Blithely On IN spite of such a record, we go blithely on, laughing at the night caucuses, hypocritical platforms and ward-heeling strategy. At this precise moment, millions of us are excited over the possibility that the mayor of New York City may be ousted by the Governor or the state of New York, not so much because of its moral effect as its political effect. Many people believe that if Governor Roosevelt turns Mayor Walker out of office, he will have strengthened himself sufficiently with souther. - ) and western Democrats to insure his nomination, but that if he does not, his chances of getting it will be much slimmer. Thus, and in spite of existing conditions, we come back to the very issue which made Wilson the Democratic nominee twenty years ago—the issue of Tammany Hall. 0 0 p Course Is Folly ONE need hold no brief for Tammany Hall to realize the folly of making it a national issue in times like these. Recovery from such a depression as we are passing through calls for much more than thwarting, or even smashing, a political machine in one city. That is as far as millions of people get, however, when considering who the Democrats should nominate, or why. Prejudices, or even mere impressions, have come to play too dominant a part in our political attitude. We prefer to fall back on some pet grievance or enthusiasm, rather than study problems. When we can’t think of anything better, we are likely to vote for, or against, a man because of the church he attends, where he was born, or the kind of socks he wears. A great deal has been said about leadership, but how can there be the right kind of leadership without the right kind of a following? Unless the Democratic theory of government is all wrong, the popular atitude has much to do with producing and maintaining the right kind of leaders. If law is no stronger than the sentiment behind it, neither is a leader. The law of supply and demand operates the same with regard to ideas as with regard to sugar or steel. In the end. we get what the majority of us art willing to accept.

IGNORES MARCH OF TIME

Famed Buddha Built in Japan in 1252

Kamakura, June 2. —ln this palmscaped town of 8,000, which was a military seat in the twelfth century, still stands Japan’s famous bronze Buddha, the Daibutsu, defying destruction of the ages. Four hundred fifty tons of bronze and other metal were built into the great Japanese shrine when it was cast in 1252, and during the 700 years that natives have worshipped it, two tidal waves have engulfed it without apparent harm. The reverence with which it is regarded is reflected by the notice posted on the gate by the Kotoku-in monastery: "Stranger, whosoever thou art and whatsoever be thy creed, when thou enterest this sanctuary remember thou treadest

upon ground hallowed by the worship of ages. This is the temple of Buddha and the gale of the eternal and therefore should be entered with reverence.” , It was common for travelers, taking pictures of the places they visited to show the folks at home, to climb to the Buddha's lap and be photographed standing in his hand, but this practice no longer is permitted. • m 0 BUDDHA has had two homes since the shrine was built. The greenish-black statue, as it is today, was housed in a building of fifty square yards, with a massive roof supported by sixtythree immense keyaki-wood columns, but the structure was ruined by a tidal wave in 136 p, and a similar one was destroyed by another wave

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Child’s Growth Should Be Uniform

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association, and of HvzeU, the Health Mazarine. THE child who is outgrowing his clothes may not naturally be making proper growth at all. His development must be a uniform and natural development, to make him a normal child. All children are not, of course, built alike. The child who comes of a family of slender build and small bones probably will weigh less than the average for his age; if he comes of a family of broad build and big bones, he probably will weigh more. The body build of the child should be evaluated in terms of his family constitution. Between 1 and 6 years of age the weight of the child is nearly doubled. A child weighing twenty pounds at 1 year of age should

Here Are Some Puzzlers and Their Answers

What proportion of the population of New Jersey lives within seven miles of Nfwark city hall? About one-fourth. Were Republicans or Democrat* in the majority in the congress that declared war against Germany? Democrats were in the majority in both branches. Does "Treasure Island,” described by Robert Louis Stevenson, exist? The story and location is pure fiction. W’hat was the name and date of the first automobile sold in the United States? Probably the Winton, the first of which was sold on March 21, 1898. Was Hiram Johnson of California ever a nominee for President of the United States? He was a candidate for the Republican nomination in 1920 and he was the Progressive party nominee for vice-president in 1912. Was Colonel Lindbergh’s father a member of congress? How long has he been dead? Charles A.. Lindbergh Sr. was a Republican member of congress, and died May 24, fc24.

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Japan’s 450-ton bronze Buddha, cast almost 700 years ago.

Fisherman’s Luck!

weigh almost forty at 6 years of age. The height increases about twelve inches from the age of 1 to the age of 6, or about three inches a year. The child of 6 will seem to have a head large in proportion to its body because at the age of 6 the skull is almost as large around as that of a grown person, and its brain weighs just about as much as does the brain of the grownup. By this age the tissue of the brain has developed sufficiently in amount, but not quality. During the next few years habits will be formed and ability to think and work intellectually will be developed. While the body and the brain are growing so rapidly, they do not adapt themselves easily to shock, food deficiencies, or similar extraordinary strains.

What it the world non-refueling record for airplanes? Eighty-four hours and 23 minutes, held in the United States. In which book in the Bible is the verse: “Asa man thinketh in his heart, so is he?” Proverbs 23:7. How many votes are necessary to a choice in the Republican and Democratic national political conventions? In the Republican convention, a majority vote of the delegates is re-

Views of Times Readers

Editor Times—The writer and no doubt many others of your readers were pleased to see the timely letter of Miss Martha Long of Irvington in a recent edition of The Times, calling attention to the good singing of our national anthem, the “Star-Spangled Banner,” by the children of St. Joan of Arc school, Forty-second and Ruckle street. That is not the only school in which it is sung well. For years the excellent vocal glee class of St. John’s academy on Maryland street (near The Times office), has

# • THE 830 curls on the head, each nine inches I high, are supposed to represent the snails which crawled up the original Buddha to shelter his bald head from the burning sun. For a fee of 2 sen the traveler may enter the head and see a standing gilt figurine of Amian, the favorite Japanese divinity, backed by a gilded mandorla. It is a lasting impression which one obtains upon first sight. The well-proportioned head is bent forward slightly, as if weighted wtth the wisdom of ages. Complete repose Is noted by the lack of tension. The half-clo6ed eyes shed a golden gleam, and the features are of the purest Hindu type. The hands rest in the lap, and the thumbs touch each other restfuUy.

in 1494. Now the huge relic of the great past, standing in the open, is able to greet the rising sun. The work which its construction entailed is certified by its long endurance. The bronze plates are one inch thick, and the seams were Joined with extreme skill. Its height is 49 feet 7 Inches, and its circumference 97 feet 2 inches. The width, from knee to knee, is 35 feet 8 inches, and the mouth 3 feet 2 inches. From ear to ear it measures 17 feet 9 inches, while the length of the eyebrow is 4 feet 2 inches. Its eyes, it is said, are of pure gold, and the boss on the forehead, representing the jewel which sheds a radiance over the universe, contains thirty pounds of pure silver.

The heart, as pointed out by Dr. William Palmer Lucas, grows four times heavier in the first five and one-half years of life, because its muscles thicken to accommodate circulation during excess motion and activity that the child will undertake during the next few years. Obviously the heart should be protected during its period of rapid growth from attack by diseases such as influenza, scarlet fever, measles and diphtheria, which place in themselves a severe stress on the body’s resistance. The one way definitely known to protect- the heart against strain is to rest sufficiently. Therefore, a child with a fever or with the beginning of any of the diseases that have been mentioned immediately should be put to bed and kept there until free from increased temperature.

quired for nomination, and in the Democratic convention two-thirds majority is required. What, exactly, is a Yankee? The name originally was applied to the people of New England, but during and after the Civil war. the southerners applied it generally to all inhabitants of the north. In Europe, all Americans are called Yankees. Who was the first child born in America of English parents? Virginia Dare, born in 1578.

rendered the great national song excellently. Miss Long refers to the rarity of the second verse being sung. She evidently means the third verse. “And where 1* that bend that is Tauntingly swore, A hone and a country they'd learo ua no more.” That was the verse that was, for a while, cut out of our school books in Indiana and elsewhere. It led to the action in the Indiana legislation of 1908-1909, which enacted the "Star-Spangled Banner” bill, directing the board of education of this state to see to it that the national anthem was taught in full to all our children in the schools of the state. Has it been lived up to. Not much. Since that time one wealthy woman in the east, Mrs. Stetson, spent a million dollars in advertising and publicity trying, to get anew anthem to replace the “StarSpangled Banner.” "American the Beautiful,” and a lot of other nambypamby stuff resulted, but none of the compositions took the place of the great anthem of Francis Scott Key. We ought to be proud of the fact that Indiana legislated on the subject of the national anthem just twenty-four years before congress acted, recognizing the great national song. All the trash written that it is “unsingable” is simply foreign propaganda. Wherever the school children are taught to sing it, they sing it excellently. J. P. O’MAHONEY.

Your Child's Diet Training the child in correct habits of eating; seeing that it gets the proper proportions of various kinds of foods; and guarding against malnutrition, which may effect all the child’s future life, h an important problem for mothers. Our Washington Bureau has ready for you a bulletin on FOOD FOR THE CHILD, that tells how to form proper habits of eating, and explains diets that prevent malnutrition. Fill out the coupon below and send for it: CLIP COUPON HERE Dept., 175, Washington Bureau, THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES, 1322 New York Avenue, Washington. D. C. I want a copy of the bulletin FOOD FOR CHILDREN and enclose herewith five cents In coin, or loose, uncancelled, U. 8. postage stamps, to cover return postage and handling costs: NAME ST. & NO CITY STATE I am a reader of The Indianapolis Times (Code No.)

JUNE 2, 1931

SCIENCE

BY DAVID DIETZ Swope Unemployment Relief, Plan Sanctioned by National Electrical Manufacturers Association. THE unemployment plan outlined by Oerald Swope, president of the General Electric Cos., was sanctioned by the National Electric Manufacturers' Association at its spring meeting at Hot Springs, Va. Recently the National Institute of Social Sciences awarded its gold medal to Swope for recognition of his services in formulating the plan. The plan as adopted by the association has been .christened the “Nema Mutual Unemployment Ben* flt Plan,” the first word of the name, as can be seen, having been formed from the association’s initials. The N. E. M. A. has a membership consisting of 300 companies whose output totals about 90 per cent of the electrical products of the United States. J. H. Trumbull, former Governor of Connecticut, is president of the association. Regarding the proposal, the N. E. M. A. "Committee on the Swope Plan’’ says: “In view of legislation already enacted in Wisconsin, and under contemplation in other states, providing for establishment of funds for unemployment relief wherein all contributions are made by the employer and none by the employes benefited, the committee appointed to consider the plan presented to the association by Gerard Swope in September, 1931, has given its first attention to this feature of his proposal.” 000 Details of Plan " r T'HE committee proposed a X ‘Nema Mutual Unemployment Benefit Plan’ which may be adopted independently by any company* the report continues. “It has been prepared in the belief that it will be adjudged by state commissions as equaling, if not exceeding, the requirements of state measures. “If universally adopted throughout any branch of industry, there exist the obviously desirable possibilities of extension to the industry operation proposed by Mr. Swope. The plan includes all employes I who have served twelve consecutive ! months in either wage or salary j relation, and whose full time com- ! pensation does not exceed $2,500 a I year, and its institution is condi- | tioned on acceptance by a minimum of 60 per cent of such emi ployes. “Except when his earnings are below 50 per cent normal, each such ■participating employe’ contributes 1 per cent of his actual wage over a period of five years, and the company matches his contribution. ‘“These contributions must have been made throughout six consecutive months before an employe is entitled to benefits. “Provision is made lor two unemployment conditions, namely, normal and emergency. Under normal conditions and after an initial unemployment aggregating two weeks, a ‘participating employe’ receives 50 per cent of his normal average earnings (but not more than S2O per weeek) for a period of not exceeding ten weeks in any twelve consecutive months. Provision for part-time employment also are incorporated.” 000 Emergency Provision “AN unemployment emergency xa- begins when payments from* the fund exceed 2 per cent of the normal rate of all ‘participating employes,’ and with its announcement normal contributions and payments cease,” the report says. “Thereupon all company employes (excepting only those receiving 50 per cent or less of normal) contribute 1 per cent of their pay throughout the period of emergency. This includes non-participating employes, those with less than one year’s service, sales, clerical and supervisory staff, and also company officials—without salary limitation and whether or not eligible for benefit. The company matches these contributions. “Emergency payments are made to employes laid off or working part time and after any residue of normal contribution has been exhausted in amount and for period set by the administrators and based on the financial need of the applicant and the funds available. "Seventy per cent of the normal fund is available only for unemployment benefit. Twenty-seven per cent may be used as a revolving fund for loans to ’participating employes,’ as approved by the administrators, but not exceeding S2OO a person. “Three per cent may, in the discretion of the administrators, be available for the relief of any needy employe or pensioner. “The administrators are selected half by the ‘participating employes’ and half by the company."

Daily Thought

And If thy brother be waxen poor, and fallen In decay with thee; then thou shalt relieve him: Yea, though he be a stranger, or a sojourner; that he may live with thee.—Leviticus 25:35. O love, when thou getteat dominion over us, we may bid goodby to prudence.—La Fontaine.