Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 13, Indianapolis, Marion County, 26 May 1932 — Page 4

PAGE 4

* C M I * * J - H O**' A.M h

The Water Controversy Once again the public la being educated to the fact that regulation of utility rates under the present system la cumbersome and Impossible. Months ago The Times suggested that in the present era of depression a reduction of rates for water was strongly Indicated. Mayor Sullivan and the South Side Civic Clubs filed a petition for a decrease In rates. They had no money with which to prepare evidence or to employ experts. They were compelled to depend rather largely ujkm the Justice of their cause. No group of rich and Influential citizens came tc their aid with money, time or interest. The study of the situation showed clearly that for years the small home owner had been charged at an unfair rate as compared to those who use huge quantities. Just how much they were being overcharged was not determined. Asa result of conferences, in which the mayor was properly Interested in a reduction of city bills and the clubs were Interested In the small user, a compromise was effected by which the city received a reduction and the rate was cut for the man who had not been using the minimum limit allowed under the minimum charge. Large property owners were raised to make up the difference between the loss on the small user and the city obtained a reduction of $66,000 a year. The courts have now declared that no increase can be made without a hearing. So the matter will go back and lag In the courts for months and possibly for years. Past experience Indicates that the courts will protect the company from any reduction until the last word of expert evidence has been given. It is quite possible that the little fellow, thousands of him, will be forced back to his old rate as a result. Before the matter ends, the conflict is quite likely to be between classes of citizens rather than between all citizens and the company. Relief comes too slowly through regulation. Cities should own their utilities, especially water service. Tiiat is too important to be a matter of private management, no matter how efficient. The people will do well to remember the facts next winter when the legislature meets. The path to public ownership should be made easy. The cities, especially this city, could stand depressions much better if they were rid of utility monopolies and private taxation. Your Health Doctors and hospital bills to the average American family are somber realities. In this healthful country are 200,000,000 cases of Illness a year. At any given time, 2 per cent of the population is “laid up.” The average American is ill nearly twice a year. Wage-earners lose 250,000,000 working days, or $1,250,000,000 annually from illness. Our $3,000,000,000 sick bill falls heaviest upon the self-respecting working and middle classes. The very poor go to free clinics and public hospitals and the rich ha\ e of preventing and curing their ills. Aside from the wholly inadequate preventive health establishments in city and rural communities, the American health plant appears to be fairly adequate. We have 1,500,000 health workers and a $3,125,000,000 hospital equipment. The American doctor averages around $5,00Q net Income, while the big majority of private hospitals operate at a loss. They are modern and efficient, as shown by their ability to conquer such great killers as bubonic plague, malaria, typhus, yellow fever and typhoid fever, and their brave fight on tuberculosis. Why. then, is this vast health plant unavailable, economically, to the class that needs it most? • "A substantial portion of the American people has been cut off from the benefits of modern medical art and science because of the costs of medical cervices,” says Dr. Ray Lyman Wilbur, secretary of the Interior. “At the same time, many doctors and other practitioners are not receiving incomes commensurate with their long year* of training, and hospitals are facing financial difficulties.” To reconcile this paradox a committee of physicians, called the committee on the costs of medical care, has been working for five years, and will report Its findings this fall. In answering the question of how the nation’s health facilities can be laid at the door of the average American, we suspect that it will have to go deeply into the fundamentals of our economic system. Whether the committee’s answer will be socialized medicine, such as Germany has, or the public physician, such as Canada is trying, or group health insurance, such as certain industries are evolving here, the problem will simmer down largely to the question of increasing the buying power of the masses. Dr. Wilbur says that if our present scientific knowledge and sendee were distributed equally, it oought be “bought" for between $35 and SSO a year a family. And it would add ten years to the average American's life span.

The Truth About Debts Out of London comes one of the frankest statements about American war debt policy that we have seen anywhere in a long time. It la an editorial In the London Times—reported to be inspired officially. It states that the United States expects European debtors to resume payments after expiration of the one-year moratorium, July 1, and that the British government now is arranging to make its payments. There is nothing surprising about that. Being a large creditor nation herself. Great Britain, of all countries, can not afford to set the precedent of default. But the surprising part about the London Times editorial is its apparent understanding of the American position on war debts—that we are neither suckers nor Shy locks. The proof that we are not Shylocks is usually ignored by anti-American propagandists abroad and by sentimentalists at home. That proof is the fact that we already have canceled those war debts from 25 to 75 cents on the dollar, without getting touch in return, even in good will. The net result was that the European nations used more money on armaments, which not only made their own economic condition worse, but which made us in turn spend more on our expensive armaments. We would be suckers if we passed on the European debts to the hard-driven American taxpayers without any hope of improving world economic and financial conditions and foreign trade. But America is ready to make further debt sacrifices if they wIU lead to better world conditions. Basic improvement in world conditions waits upon European nations getting together in their disputes over debts-reparations and disarmament, q Purpose of the one-year Hoover moratorfum was

The Indianapolis Times (A BCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER) Owned and published dally (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Time* Publishing Cos.. 214 220 West Maryland Street, Indianapolis. Jnd. Price in Marion County. 2 centa a copy: elaewhere, 3 cent*—delivered by carrier, 12 cent* a week. Mail eubecrlptlon rates In Indiana. $3 a year: outside of Indiana. 65 centa a month. BOYD GURLEY,W HOWARD, EARL D. BAKER Editor President Business Manager PHONE—BUey 5551 THTJRgPAY MAT . IW2. Member of United Press, Scrippa-Howard Newspaper Alliance. Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

to give Europe that period in which to get together on those problems. But the reparations conference has been postponed repeatedly, and the arms conference is a failure. If Europe is determined to perpetuate the con- j ditions of chaos leading to bankruptcy and war, un- I conditional American debt cancellation would not! save Europe, but merely would hasten the downward j plunge by liberating more munitions money. Europe must begin to help herself before America can aid. “What is not realized so generally is that a substantial step toward disarmament is a necessary con- ! dition for settlement of those intergovernmental debts which are paralyzing international trade,” says the London Times. “A final debt settlement can be reached only with the co-operation of the United States, and Mr. Borah undoubtedly spoke for the great mass of his countrymen when he said that the American taxpayer would refuse to consider any concession over debts until assured that It would bring about a real improvement in world economic conditions.” That, in our judgment, is a fairly accurate state- i ment of what the American attitude on debts should * be and is. We only can regret that America's hands are not so clean in the matter of starting a tariff war, which is so much more destructive than debts to international trade and peaceful relations. High and Dry Stanley High is a dry. He is a minister in Connecticut, former editor of the Christian Herald and, in his own words, a prohibitionist “in background, practice, and conviction.” Now he admits that thirteen years of crusading has proved it impossible “to persuade a whole generation that the use of liquor is a personal sin.” “The facts of the current liquor situation in the United States are sufficient,” he writes in the leading article in the current Harper's, “to arouse against our present-day traffic the same moral indignation that routed the saloon. “Liquor, in these post-prohibition years, has atto a more respectable place in American society than it has held at any other time during the last half century." He thinks the drys have forgotten about the liquor traffic in their zeal for the prohibition law. They mus , he says, submit their cause to the people by referendum. “The case against liquor still is as sound as it ever was,” he says. “The case for prohibition is increasingly debatable.” The Kreuger Disclosures The farther the investigation into the affairs of the late Ivar Kreuger is pushed, the more astounding the whole thing becomes. The disclosure that the famous “match king” had personal debts and indirect liabilities or more than $168,000,000 at the time of his death is one of those thing that ordinary folk hardly can credit. Here was a man, apparently, who built up a house of cards on a more colossal scale than any one before him ever had dreamed of. Great financiers and small investors - seem to have been alike in the way they were hoodwinked. Tlie tragedy of it, of course, is the fact that It is the more or less innocent bystander who suffers the most. A revolver bullet took Kreuger beyond the reach of financial worries; but his debts are very real, and present indications are that many of his creditors will get little or nothing on their claims. Ballots used in the Ohio primary election were found to contain several typographical mistakes. They were used nevertheless, on the grounds that mistakes made by the printers would be small compared to mistakes made by the voters. The senate holds up its hands in horror at the suggestion that the United States take silver in payment of war debts. Well, we’d say silver was better than nothing. Petroleum was about the only thing the Russian unofficial ambassadors to the United States were willing to discuss on their recent visit. They must be an oily lot. Bombing of the American consulate at Nagasaki really was nothing to get excited about. The same thing has happened to plenty of buildings over here. A writer says 4,000,000 inhabitants of New York can not tell you the name of their congressman Maybe they know, but are ashamed to tell.

Just Every Day Sense BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

WE are informed that Dr. John Watson, eminent behaviorist. is giving his two small sons ample opportunity to fathom the vagaries of the opposite sex. These little fellows are not going to be taken in by feminine wiles later on if their father can help it. They are encouraged to regard nudity from a critical point of view and to think of girls as very ordinary creatures. For a behaviorist, tihs is uncommon good sense. And it is to be hoped that the small Watsons will profit thereby. But the chances are they won’t. There is nothing so futile as making plans for or about your children. Indeed, it seems to me that this takes away from thc*r essential charm. What satisfaction, for instance, does a lawyer get merely by training his son to become another lawyer? This is the kind of thing that marks the tiresomeness of the adult. The only real fun in having a family is that one never is sure just how it will turn out. It is the imexpectedness of your children that makes them fascinating and that constitutes the very lure of life itself. BUM TO tell the truth, most parents lack imagination and the spirit of adventure about their children. They always are setting up rujps and evolving plans for them to follow. A father seldom is content to watch the development of a child's personality, because he is so engrossed in shaping it into the thing he believes it should become. He is so taken up with his precious theories of training that he falls to thrill over the stupendous fact that the very young child is a distinctly different individual from other young children. A parent always should be at hand for advice and counsel, but outside of this he is more often a hindrance than a help to his children. No individual can spring from infancy into fullfledged maturity. We all must go exploring into the enchanted forest of adolescence and each must go alone. None can take a parent's word for that experience. We have had slight luck, I believe, in instilling into our children a proper consideration for the rights of others, mainly because we reluctant to concede to them their own. T

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M: E: Tracy Says:

We Have Been Dawdling With This Depression for Nearly Three Years, Without Result. NEW YORK, May 26—First, the senate votes a 10 per cent tax on auto tires and tubes. Then, changing front within the space of hours, it reduces the tax to 2S writs a pound on tires and 4 cents a pound on tubes. The change means a loss of some $20,000,000 in .prospective revenue, wherefore, the senate restores the tax on cosmetics, which it previously had eliminated. Such action reveals the senate as not only uncertain of its ground, but as wasting time in useless argument. Men have spent 5.000 years trying to determine what tax system was best and how to be- fair with respect to details. About every plan has befcn tried and rejected. After all the discussing, analyzing, and experimenting, the civilized world is unable to agree whether a real estate tax is better than an income tax, or a single land tax is better than . sales tax. Under such circumstances, the idea of trying to be perfect with regard to a thousand and one details is ridiculous. Old Problem Revives THE senate could argue for a century and still be uncertain as to whether a 10 per cent tax on tires and tubes was exactly right, or whether it ought not to be reduced and some of the burden placed on lipsticks. Meanwhile, it must be apparent to every one that the country’s need for quick constructive action is superior to all other considerations. Before we get out of this mess, millions of people will have to pay more than they think they can stand, and eventually the bulk of the burden will be passed on to those at the foot of the line who least are able to bear it. We are up against the same kind of proposition that we were fifteen yeals ago, when we paid bootblacks sl2 a day as ship carpenters and sent our best boys overseas to face death in the trenches at S3O a month. n * Time to Quit Quibbling QUIBBLING over unimportant details can spoil, or destroy, the best plan ever conceived. There comes a time when men must quit it for the common good, when minor differences must be laid aside to clear the way for co-operative action. Congress could go on fighting over items of taxation until the United States went bankrupt. Maybe some of the members would be right in their contentions, but what good would it do? The one essential thing is to get the budget balanced and provide an effective program of relief. nun Getting No Place WE have been dawdling with this depression for nearly three years, telling each other what the government couldn’t or shouldn’t do, and what everybody else had to do. As President Hoover says, the government can’t do it all, but there is a great deal the government might have done and should do. Most of the problems with which the government is grappling have been with us since the fall of 1929. and most of the remedies which it is preparing to try might have been tried many months ago. The American people have suffered from inaction on the part of their government quite as much as from anything else. One can admit that the crash caught us all off guard and still believe that those in authority should have realized its < causes, scope and character long before this. Putting that aside, there is no possible excuse for delay, for frittering away time in futile quibbling, for playing politics while millions of people suffer for lack of work.

m TODAY Sf* IS THE* vs a r y

GERMAN DRIVE EXPECTED May 26 ON May 26, 1918, German shock troops were reported concentrating on the Chemin dcs Dames sector of the western fronj for their third major offensive of the year. French forces opposing them had been reinforced, but only to a slight j extent, and allied experts were fear- ; ful that the German storm troops might again break through, as they j had against the British in their March offensive. It was estimated that nearly 250,000 American troops could be thrown into the breach in case of, necessity, and several divisions were being held in readiness. The railway station at Liege, Bel- i gium, was destroyed in a raid by , allied planes. Twenty-six persons were reported killed there.

Questions and Answers

How many Civil war veterans of the federal army are living? Exact figures are not available. Abtut 60.000 are drawing pensions and the membership of the Grand Army of the Republic is about 57,500. but these figures may not include all who are living. What was the longest baseball game ever played in the major leagues? A twenty-six inning 1-1 tie game between Brooklyn and Boston of the National League, May 1, 1920. Did George Arliss star in both the silent and the talking film versions of “The Man Who Played God?” Yes. Daily Thought Resist the devil and he will flee- from you.—James 4:7. Many a dangerous temptation : comes to us in fine, gay colors that [are but skin-deep.—Matthew Sterne.

V;: - \ - / REMEMBER \ / ;.<* ' / RASS AR-E ROVAL Y ~ ‘ l RAIMENT WH6N / V WORN FOR / „; > ;V" 'iKg / VIRTUE'S y i ,

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE r Wear False Teeth When You Sleep

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association, and of Hvreia. the Health Magazine. THERE has been for years an argument as to whether a man with a beard should sleep with the beard inside or outside the covers. Patients with artificial teeth constantly are confronted with the question as to whether the teeth should be taken out or left in at night. If the denture fits well, it may be worn at night, because it will help to keep the face in normal shape and comfort. Os course, the plates should be cleaned thoroughly before retiring and again in the morning. Dr. B. L. Hooper points out that it may seem necessary to remove the denture, to rest the mouth. Un-

IT SEEMS TO ME by H B E a°r

MILWAUKEE. May 26.—1 have been a reporter at political conventions, but this week, at the National Socialist convention here, I served for the first time as a delegate. I think it's better to be a reporter. Almost always It is difficult to sleep at a convention. I mean in your room at the hotel. When you want to go to bed you generally observe that there are six or seven other reporters sitting around. I generally make it a point of asking them whether they are tired. They answer that they never felt better in their lives. This makes it difficult. But a delegate is a little worse off. When he tries to go to bed there are five reporters in the room and six or seven fellow delegates. Some of the reporters do not like some of the delegates, and it works the other way ’round. But none of them is tired. nun Unaccustomed as I Am — STILL I should not complain. There are consolations. Nobody ever interviews a newspaper man, but here in Milwaukee a delegate can get himself misquoted in almost any paper. Probably nothing much happens in the city. It has no gangs and very little crime, and sq* the local reporters get lonely and come around to ask delegates what they think of prohibition and Karl Marx and bimetallism. I didn’t tell anything about bimetallism, because I must hold the appetite of the news sleuths and also afford myself a chance to do a little research into bimetallism before preparing any public statement on the matter. In addition to being interviewed. I am told that it is also possible to get yourself photographed by the camera men if you loaf around the lobby long enough. That hasn't worked for me yet. I did manage to get my picture taken once, but it was at the wrong time. A man I knew trapped me into it. I had just come off the train—in fact, it was three trains. Karl Marx must have said at one time or another that you can’t be a good Socialist unless you' keep changing cars. Anyhow, I was what you might

Stars on Field of Blue The states of the Union, alphabetically arranged, with the following information about each one: When organized as a territory; entry into the Union; area; population as shown bv the 1930 census; capital city and principal city with their populations; derivation of the state name; the state nickname: the state flower; the state motto; the Governor's term of office and salary; the chief Industry; the principal rivers. A condensed, convenient form of ready reference for the chief facts about each state of the Union —compiled by our Washington information bureau from latest official sources. If you want a copy of this bulletin, fill out the coupon below and mail as directed. CLIP COUPON HERE Dept. 177, Washington Bureau. The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York Avenue, Washington, D. C.: I want a copy of ihe bulletin, the States of the Union, and inclose herewith 5 cents in coin, or loose, uncanceled United States postage stamps to cover return postage and handling costs. Name *.. • St. snd No City State I am a reader of The Indianapolis Times. (Code No)

Comfort!

der such circumstances, the teeth | may be taken out, rinsed in cold water (the mouth also may be rmced with cold water) and the j dentures replaced. If they are left out of the mouth,, any irritated place on the ridges or! tissues may swell, which may make it difficult or impossible to put the teeth back in the mouth. The average mouth and gums j may be difficult to keep clean, be- ' cause of tenderness. The person | with artificial dentures may keep his clean because he can take them out and clean them with a special tooth brush that is stiffer and stronger than the ordinary j tooth brush. Tartar will gather on artificial; teeth just as it does on natural teeth. The average person should go to

call travel-stained, and in the lobby was a newspaper man I knew. He greeted me warmly and said, "Come on upstairs a minute.” Naturally I misunderstood him. When you have just come off three trains and a man you know says, “Come upstairs a minute,” it is no more than reasonable to expect that you are going to get a drink. Particularly in Milwaukee, where it is possible to get a large glass of beer for 20 cents. nan Here’s Looking at You BUT the man did not have any beer or gin or light wines. He had an accomplice with a camera. I wanted to shave and take off my traveling shirt. I look pretty terrible in a picture after even a couple of trains. All that was carefully explained. But the man who had the camera and the man who didn’t both insisted that in their opinion it would not make a nickel's worth of difference. After the picture one of the men interviewed me about politics. I talked with animation about a number of things, and he took notes in a small pad. When he got back to his office he tore up all the sheets except one about prohibition. The next day there was a picture and a headline which said. "Broun Dripping Wet.” You can see that it doesn’t take much to make a quarter coiumn news story in Milwaukee. But the picture, as it turned out, didn’t do me or the Socialist party much good. I seemed a half-faun, half-oaf. Maybe a little more than half oaf. And there I was leering out from under the label, "Dripping Wet.” If I hadn’t known the subject of the current camera sketch intimately I would have said that just as he stood he was a living and walking example of the horrors of non-enforcement. And yet, as a fact, the trouble with my right eye was entirely due to cinders from the New York Central. This was the portrait of a man who had first put vine leaves in his hair and then spent the night in a haystack. At least, that was the suggestion. Os course, I’d much

the dentist at least once every six months to have the tartar removed and the teeth cleaned and polished. The person with artificial dentures has the advantage of being able to leave his teeth at the dentist’s office, to have them cleaned and polished and ready for him on his return. In second childhood, tße teeth being gone, the stomach digestive tract are provided with soft food such as is given to a child. Artificial dentures enable the elderly to eat food that is hard and more difficult to digest. The elderly should keep this fact in mind and not overload a deficient digestive tract. There are artificial teeth but not, as yet, artificial stomachs.

Ideals and opinion* expressed in this column are those ol one of America's most interesting writers and are presented wltboßt resard to their agreement or disasrrrmeni with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

j rather spend the night in a haystack than in a Pullman. I tried that stunt of standing up In the middle of the berth to get undressed, but it’s not a knack you can master the first time. a a a Sources Close to Broun AFTER I read the interview I no longer felt that the picture was j the worst part of the exhibit. It’s funny how, silly your words sound ' when you talk them and somebody | else writes them. I mean even in I the places where he wasn't making j up as he went along. I suppose that is why public men always are complaining about being ; misquoted. Cold type can hit you right in the spine, like a cold 1 shower. If I ever get to be a public man as a regular thing. I am going to go | in for the strong, silent stuff, or 1 1 will get me a White House spokesman. Maybe I did say some of the fatuous things about prohibition which I found in the paper. After all. how can you expect anybody to talk brilliantly when he thought he was going to get a drink and ended up with nothing more than a noseful of flashlight powder? (Copyright. 1932. by The Times' I ! | People's Voice Editor Times—Prohibition seems to be the scapegoat for a lot of our troubles, and, if true, many of us long for the time when all our troubles will be saddled on to this William and led out into the woods and lost. And if the return of alcoholic drinks signifies that officers will enforce the law befitting a Christian civilized country, perhaps we would better compromise and so get the laws enforced. For it seems the law enforcement body of our country is not coping with the increasing crime, or are we just going to the dogs? I believe I am safe when I say that the Anti-Saloon League generally has ganged up with the Republican party, and especially do I think it was true of the last Hoover and Smith campaign. Now, after four years of observation, I am reminded of what Mr. Hoover said shortly after his inauguration. Something like this: “That it was more important to obey the law than to enforce the law,” or that it was easier to preach than to act as an executive. The Republican party, in its twelve years of power, stands to answer to one of three charges: That it is incompetent to enforce the ■ prohibition law as written in the Constitution, or, that it is doublecrossing the people, in that it is not trying; or it should know in twelve years' trial whether it may or may not be enforced and so should declare. If the prohibitionists and the Re- : publicans will caucus and confer, ; and after due deliberation come out and tell the people which of these ! three they are guilty, some of us i will be delighted and enlightened. However, A1 Smith, view mg the presidency from afar, together with j other Democrats, absolves the Republicans from a dirty slate by declaring that prohibition can not be ■ enforced, that being their humble 1 opinion. Z 1 We do know that since 19?i, the

MAY 26, 1932

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

Anthropologists Clash on View of Who Settled America, and When. AN archeologist of the Smithsonian Institution will explore the black caverns of western Texas this summer In an attempt to trail the oldest Americans. He is Frank M. Setzler. One of the riddles of anthropology is the settling of America. There are two schools of thought. One. championed by Dr. Ales Hrdlicka. famous anthropologist, claims that man has been on the American continent less than 15.000 vears, perhaps only 10,000. Dr. Hrdlicka, after many expeditions into Alaska and northeastern Siberia, believes that the original Indians entered the American continent by way of Alaska, crossing over from Siberia via the Bering strait. The other school believes that man has been in America at least 25,000 years, since the close oi ihe glacial age. There are eveta some authorities who insist that man has been on this continent for as long as 100.000 years. But the holders of this view are in the minority. Setzler, while he thinks the view that the first Indians entered America by way of Alaska may be correct, nevertheless hopes to establish that man has been on this continent since the close of the glacial age, a period of 25,000 years or so a a a Spear Heads LAST summer in this same region of western Texas., Setzler uncovered evidence of an old civilization, a civilization older than that of the Basket Makers, previously considered the oldest in America. This ancient civilization appears to have flourished at the time when the animals of the region were changing from those forms prevalent during the Glacial Age to the modern forms. The Identity of this ancient people ! is a puzzle. They appear to have flourished for a while and then vanished, to be followed, at a much later ; time, by the earliest Basket Makers. To date, the evidence of this early j civilization has rested entirely upon ! a peculiar type of spear point, the ! so-called Folsom type, found as- | sociated with bones of extinct animals. In his present search. Setzler will devote his major efforts to the search for human bones. His search receives encourage- ; ment from the finding made last fall by Edgar B. Howard, archeologist of the Pennsylvania museum. Howard, excavating a cave Just across the New Mexico line, found the Folsom type spear head associated with bones of an extinct bison and musk-ox. This was in a layer of earth approximately four feet below' a stratum which represented the earliest level of Basket Maker culture. Many authorities consider the ! finding of this spear point as almost positive evidence that human beings were in this country at the same time that the animals of the Ice Age flourished. a tt Centuries Elapsed THE amount of earth which had accumulated over the spear point and animal bones found by Howard would indicate that many centuries had elapsed between their burial and the coming of the Basket Maker culture. Authorities also point out the significance of the finding of the bond* of the musk-ox as far south as Texas. Such animals today are restricted to the circumpolar region, the herds grazing on the tundra at the edge of the Arctic. The finding of the bones in Texas, suggests that the animal must have grazed there In the day when most of North America was covered with the ice-shcet. At that time, Texas might have been a tundra on the edge of the ice. Setzler this summer will start in the southern part of the Big Bend region of Texas, a few miles from the Rio Grande, and work north up the Pecos toward the Guadalupe mountains. This is all hilly and mountainous country, with numerous caves—both limestone and caverns in the sedimentary rock and big gas pockets in the volcanic rocks. Last year, in one cave in this region, he found a few remnants of an ancient Indian culture which archeologists have been unable to definitely identify. It is thought to represent a forerunner of the Basket Maker culture. year the Republican party w’as supposed to be running this government, that prohibition has failed and bootlegging gained ground. When the Republicans took charge of our nation in 1921, not only were many Jails empty, but the number of inmates obviously was reduced. Since that time, from their incompetent management, our jails are filled, our enlarged prisons are filled, and we further have built some penal farms that might take care of the overflow. I believe that four more years of such incompetent government will mean that the citizens must resort to the vigilante system, that their lives, property and morals may be restored to civilization. I know it is a terrible thing to connect the prohibition party and Anti-Saloon League to being parties to this growing lawlessness, but we judge people by the company they keep, and if they are innocent, it is a good time for divorce proceedings. But these things don’t just happen. There’s a reason. We are facing this awful fact, that we are not, from whatever reason, enforcing the Constitution. Not only is this affecting our morals at home, but will reach internationally, until the finger of derision, if not scorn, will be pointed at us. The worst enemy of prohibition today is the executive officer who has made such a mess of the affair. There is something rotten in Denmark when the income tax can be collected from hijacking, bootlegging and racketeering with no indictments for the latter. , CITIZEN. How long was Edward VII King of England? Whom did he marry, and when did she die? He was on the throne from 1901 ito May 6, 1910. His consort was the ; Princess Alexandra of Denmark. I She died Nov. 21, 1923.