Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 7, Indianapolis, Marion County, 19 May 1932 — Page 4

PAGE 4

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The Danger Signal From every county in the state came reports of increased delinquencies in tax payment. This means that more farmers will become peasants and moVe homeowners become tenants. It means that the property of the people is being confiscated by huge taxes and that wealth becomes more and more concentrated in the hands of the few. Taxes and interest are fixed in numbers, not in the value of dollars. The dollar of three years ago is a different dollar today in everything except these two items. The dollar is different in wages. With thousands unemployed and with society still buying labor as it does potatoes, at auction block prices, all wages have been reduced. The dollar is different in farm products and in every manufactured article. The farmer must raise two bushels of wheat where he raised but one. The manufacturer must make three articles where he made but two. But the same number of dollars that he paid in the old days must be paid today—and more, because interest on debts has a way of growing and making more dollars necessary. Until the national government does something to inflate the value of dollars, all that can be done by the people is to cut down the number of dollars for tax purposes locally if they wish to escape the inevitable confiscation of all property. This can not be done while the Governor refuses to call the legislature into session. An emergency session could cut down the cost of government immediately. It could cut out the useless state policemen, the present political method of selling auto licenses, the huge salaries of those who lobbied themselves into excessive salaries during days of inflation. The public salary that was generous three years ago today becomes extortionate. The tax eaters become the Egyptian locusts of the modern day. The size and number of tax delinquencies should be a danger signal for every public employe. It means that there will soon come a time when there will be no money to pay public expenses and all government will go. The quick way is to call an emergency session of the legislature to cut costs of government to a parity with other prices and then to distribute the burden by an income tax that will relieve the farmer and the home owner. Only the wilfully blind will refuse to see the signs of the times. Tickling the Patient The Garner-Moses affair blooms and fades and then blooms again. It all started when Mr. Garner, Democrat, issued a statement against statements, declaring that Mr. Hoover made too many. Whereupon Mr. Moses. Republican, dashed in with R statement attacking Mr. Gamer s statement. So, statements filled the air. Then quiet, for the moment. And then, still more statements. In all of which wisecracks prevail, and argument is absent. This sort of thing would present nothing unusual and might even be entertaining, if conditions were normal. But in a crisis so serious, the public is getting sick of the low comedy of politics. There is a time for everything. You don't play jokes during a cyclone. You don t tickle a typhoid patient. Nobody objects to fiddling as such. It was when he did it that made Nero famous. The Garner-Moses tilt is cited, not because of Its importance as a single incident, but because it is symptomatic. Whenever It looks as if something may be done about our predicament, whenever it seems that the two parties at last have realized that it is a case for all hands on deck, the country suddenly is treated to a by-play which sidetracks the remedy. On unemployment, on expense reduction, on taxation. on aid to the starving, we. the people, see our representatives almost accomplishing, and then, because their eyes turn to Chicago and June and November, delaying progress on account of politios. There's a sinister note of warning in what the railway brotherhoods said in their recent appeal to the President: -The unemployed citizens whom we represent will not accept starvation while the two major political parties struggle for control of government.” It is a warning that every politician should take to heart. Relief in Sight Leaders of both parties in the senate have repeated their pledge that congress will provide adequate unemployment relief before adjournment. That is big news. It will bring new hope to the ten milUon unemployed and their families. It also will give courage to industries on the verge of bankruptcy, which will be helped by the public works part of the relief program. There are three types of programs: The La Fol-lette-Coetigan. the Wagner-Robinson-Young and the Hoover plan. Despite variations, all agree that two forms of relief are essential—direct emergency relief end new jobs through public works project*. The three groups should be able to get together quickly on a Joint program. Neither the unemployed nor the world are much concerned about details and methods as about results. The result must be to prevent hunger and to create new Job 6. In working out the program we believe congress will do well to confine expenditure* to two kinds of construction—necessary federal construction which will result in actual net savings through elimination of rents, and, second, income-producing and seifliquidating projects. Though the reasons for this have been stated many times, we can not recall a more convincing statement

The Indianapolis Times (A ICSIVriBOffASD KEWRPAPER) Own'd and pnblUhed daily (except Sunday) by The Indianapolia Time* Publlahlng Cos. 214-230 Weat Maryland Street. Indianapolis, Ind. Price In Marlon County. 2 cents a copy: elaewbere. 2 cents—delivered by carrier. 12 cent* a week. Mail subscription rates la Indiana, $2 a year; outside of Indiana. 65 cents a month. BOYD GDBLBT. ROI W. HOWARD. KARL D. BAKER Editor President Business Manager PHONE—Riley 5551 THURSDAY, MAY IS, 1932 Member of United Press. Scrippt Howard Newspaper Alliance. Newspaper Enterpria# Association. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulationa. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

on the subject than that given in a copyright article to the Baltimore Sun Wednesday by Owen D. Young. He said: “I am not thinking at all of pork-barrel construction. lam not trying to have the government run up post-office buildings for which there is no real use, dredge creeks where a commercial vessel will never venture, build roads in places where the surrounding land Is not worth as much as the modem roads. . . . “Public construction by federal, state and local governments—that has actual merit; yet, but. no more, and I want honesty and courage in drawing the line. “Direct grants to the unemployed would be cheaper than spending on construction merely for the sake of construction; the same amount of money would take care of many more people and probably Would result in wider purchases of commodities. . . . “It is passible In some cities to build new postoffices that would save the federal government enough, In comparison with existing antiquated structures, to defray the cost of the new outlay. ’. . . “Well, if these projects, whether public or private, are to earn their own way, if they are to be selfliquidating, then the provision of $2,000,000,000 of credit by the government represents only a contingent liability. If we provide $2,000,000,000 for that purpose we are not unbalancing our budget.” Wort, Sweet Wort! Having spumed the beer tax, the senate turned to wort. “The sweet infusion of malt, which ferments and forms beer"—that's wort, by the dictionary. Quickly wort was taxed, though beer was not. And thus was the conscience of the solons soothed. But the grotesque process of self-deception cost the taxpayer a pretty penny, as you will be well and often reminded as you pay your income and nuisance taxes. For wort, with its two alcoholic companions, malt syrup and grape concentrates, will bring in ninetyseven millions, while beer alone would have brought in half a billion. But what's a few hundred millions when politics is involved? Emancipation For the first time since Lincoln’s proclamation, signs are not lacking that the struggle of Negroes for political and economic freedom is begipning to be won. Delegates to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People convention, opening today in Washington are launching a national campaign for enfranchisement of Negro voters in the south, for distribution of school funds to give Negro children equal educational opportunities with white children, for abolition of the Jim Crow system. They urge the 13,000,000 Negro Americans to use the 'franchise with intelligence and refuse to be herded by political bosses to the polls. They urge an economic program designed to give the Negro worker parity with the white in wages and living standards. Most significant is the growing potency of the “black vote.” Since the World war scattered so many Negro families from the rural south into northern cities, this vote is being felt. It is no secret that the political power of these voters helped defeat the Negro-baiting Judge Parker for confirmation by the senate as a supreme court justice. Since then northern Negroes successfully have opposed three senators who voted to seat Parker. Allen of Kansas and McCullough of Ohio were retired. In the defeat of ex-Senator David Baird for Governor of New Jersey it was estimated that out of 90,000 Negro votes cast, fully 75.000 were against Baird. Already it can be said that no political party can lay claim to having pocketed the Negro vote in any state north of the Mason-Dixon line. Whether because of growing political power, or because of growing racial tolerance, only fourteen Negro lynchings were recorded in 1931, as compared with twenty-five in 1930. The road to justice for the American Negro is hard and the journey long. But it is good news that substantial progress is being made. Congress certainly is looking out for the little fellow. Persons buying stocks must pay 4 cents for each SIOO worth, while the little fellow has to pay only 50 per cent to mail a letter. One of the most pathetic things about the stock market is that every one is short of cash but the shorts.

Just Every Day Sense

BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

BEGIN to train your husbands early, girls,'* advisee an authority on marriage problems. This statement is neither original nor startling, but it holds the nucleus of tragedy, because it usually is taken with credulity by the young women to whom it is addressed. I dare say it has been responsible for thousands of broken homes The worst mistake a girl can make is to start her marriage off with the idea that she can or should train her husband. The thing never works. Men resent that attitude and I don't blame them. First, they are derisive, then restive, and finally they become rebellious, and the first thing you know they’ve flown, and the lady with the big stick is left waiting for somebody else to boss. Personally, I think the most unpleasant trait possessed by women has been created by this silly idea that it is every woman's duty to make over her husband. From husband-training, a wife will start to regulate and ruin her children, and by and by she develop* into a professional community reformer and then she’s lost forever to the ranks of common sense and tolerance. mam HUSBANDS and wives, by living together over a period of years, do alter each other's habits, manners and ideas, but this is done only because of the subtle influence of long companionship and a community of purpose, and not by one individual's assuming an attitude of dominance over the other. Immeasurable injury has come to men and women and marriage from this general uplift oomplex that has been bred in women by the utterly false idea that they are so much better than men and therefore in duty bound to improve the male. The sweetest thing about men is their belief in the excellence of the women they choose for wives, and their resignation to wives as they are after marriage. How shameful it is that we should teach our girls to regard husbands as if they were a bunch of educated seals that will jump at food and change their natural habits if they are prodded enough! I don’t blame men for shying off from matrimony so long as this sort of propaganda is put out to women.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy Says:

This Country Reek With Hypocrisy, Greed and Fakes, NEW YORK, May 19—Whj should the congressional pay | roll be secret? What is there on it ! that can’t stand the light of day? A congressman's salary is fixed. In addition, he is allowed so much for clerk hire and traveling expenses. There would seem to be nothing in such situation that calls for secrecy. Yet it is a fact that no one, except those in actual charge of it, may look at the pay roll. Not even a congressman is permitted to inspect it. m u m Easy for Congressman IT has been charged that some congressmen employ members | of their families as clerks, or secretaries, and that though these relatives draw regular pay, they fre- ' quently do little, or nothing, to earn it. Other officials of the government are forbidden to hire or appoint j relatives, and are obliged to tell who : everybody is and what everybody gets in their departments. Congressmen, it appears, are handicapped by no such restraint. If one of them wants to put “auntie” on the pay roll as a clerk, that is his privilege, though "auntie’’ never may show up in Washington, or do any fixed amount of work. 9 m u Great for Grafters OUR political system has been so manipulated as to provide easy jobs for some people. Congressmen, with a large part of their families on government pay, city officials rolling up great fortunes, police captains or even lieutenants, retiring in opulence, anonymous friends who make minor officials $14,000 loans, grateful bridegrooms who tip marriage clerks to the tune of SB,OOO or SIO,OOO a year—verily, the children of this generation face an alluring prospect. a a a Curtis Not Original WHEN it comes to cold-blooded faking, this man, John Hughes Curtis, may be without a peer, but as a misguided human being who believes in the magic of publicity, and who looks on cash as a cure-all, no matter how obtained. he is neither exceptional nor original. It is true that he imposed on suffering parents, but that is hardly more reprehensible than imposing on widows and orphans. Curtis sold fairy tales, while Ivar Kreuger sold forged securities. As to the lying and deceit involved, you can get a more or less genuine imitation o! it in any contested divorce case, or gangster killing. If that is not enough, you can get a splendid imitation at the Seabury Investigation. a a a Sneers at Virtues THE point is that this country W reeks with hypocrisy, greed and fake. The crimes of violence, at which we profess to be shocked, represent a mild menace compared to those of deception. Ever since we tried to make clerks honest by installing cash registers, banks safe by demandihg collateral in place of character, politics straight by a lot of foolish regulations, we have been in hot water. “Wasn't anybody decent to the Lindberghs?” asks the New York Evening Post. Yes, indeed, millions of people, who kept their mouths shut and their eyes open, but not the chiselers and fakers who took the promise of cash and immunity as an open invitation to come forward and do their worst. We are dealine with a curious philosophy of life all along the line, a philosophy which condones the commercialization of about everything, which sets much store by artificial and mechanical remedies. which sneers at the Ten Commandments and old-fashioned virtues. What caused the great famine in Ireland in 1345, and how long did it last? The famine of 1845-47 was started by a blight that destroyed the potato crop, which was the principal food crop. It was accentuated by the tardy action of the British government in failing to allow the Irish ports to be opened for the free entry of foodstuffs. America sent two ship loads of provisions, and the Irish residents of the United States sent upward of $1,000,000 to their relatives and friends in Ireland. The famine was not relieved until after the harvest of 1847, and by 1848 it had terminated.

Times Readers Voice Their Views

Editor Times—People have the habit, in discussing the * present crisis of capitalism, to refer frequently to previous periods of depression for light and guidance in the perplexities of this one. In the strained conditions of 1920, of 1907, of 1893, and of 1873. they attempt to discover analogies for the crisis now at hand. The reason for this futile attempt at analogy is obvious. All these foregoing periods of economic storm and stress were succeeded by years of fat and lush prosperity. In that circumstance, our popular sages try to find comfort and reassurance. All's well that ends well, they reason. Hard times always come to an end; hard times always are followed by good times; this is an infallible law, so let us bide our time and wait. The storm soon will be over, and boom days will follow quickly. This is the ostrich-like optimism with which most popular discussions of the depression end. It is a typical specimen of the “wishful thinking” which characterizes the middle-class thought processes of our time. It may be summarized in this fashion: We hope conditions will improve; there lb re, they must improve. This produces a very comforting conclusion to people whose incomes and investments are shrinking daily, but It has no foundation in fact or in logic. The truth is that the present crisis of capitalism is totally unlike all preceding periods of strain in one very important and vital respect. While preceding crises were purely internal and for the most part _ dsUboratsl? snginesrtd, the

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Cheese Is Valuable for Its Calcium

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association, and of Hvgeia, the Health Magazine. MEDICINE has been playing much more attention in recent years to calcium than it did formerly. It has been recognized that calcium forms the basis of the bones and the teeth and that it is essential to many reactions of the body, being concerned particularly with the prevention of various spasmodic disorders, such as tentany in the infant, and various convulsive disturbances in older people. Milk is particularly rich in calcium, and actually seems to surpass green vegetables as a source of this element in utilization by the body. Cheese, probably the oldest milk product, is a concentrated and

IT SEEMS TO ME

TEXAS is a large and curious state which has given to the world Speaker Garner and the horned toad. Both of these natives have a capacity to crawl into a shelter and remain for days or even years without breathing much or ever uttering an opinion. The refuge of Mr. Garner has been the speakership, while the hibernating toads run chiefly to cornerstones. Whenever a Lone Star edifice comes 1 down, out crawls a toad of McKinley’s era from under the ruins. As far as I can gather, each one of these immolated creatures is just as mum as Speaker Gamer upon the issues of the moment. Neither toad nor congressman ever has been interviewed in a way which could be termed satisfactory. The hermit role of John Garner is a matter of choice, and it may be that the toad of 1898, which took upon itself the silences, was equally conscious of the quality of his act. After all, he attended the dedication exercises and heard about free silver and the way in which Wall Street downed that great statesman, William Jennings Bryan, in the election of 1896. The speaker assured the toad that in 1900 things would be very different. And, naturally, Jackson was mentioned and also Thomas Jefferson. mum Felt Himself Victorian LOOKING about him, the homed toad observed that most of the girls dressed after the manner of the pictures drawn by Mr. Gibson. Many of those present at the exercises had come on bicycles, contraptions which enabled their rid-

one now confronting us is worldwide in scope and the result not of personal design, but uncontrollable forces, inherent in the capitalist system. The fundamental promise of capitalism. private property and pri-. vate profits, has resulted in the creation of a productive machine, not only here, but abroad, capable of turning out a flood of goods the world never has seen before. And at the same time, In creating that

& T ?s9£ Y A®,WrV )iiti of'ii.iS

GERMANS BOMB LONDON May 19 ON May 19, 1918, London was the victim of another air raid. Under cover of night, numerous German bombers flew over the city and released thousands of tons of explosives, killing forty-four and injuring 179 persons. The Germans escaped- with a loss of only five planes. One of America’s greatest war aces, Major Raoul Lufberry, met his death while engaging an enemy plane above the German lines near Toul. The plane which downed him later was demolished by a French pilot Australian troops engaged German troops at Vilie-sur-Ancre, and took the village with 380 prisoners and twenty machine guns, a German dispatch said.

Love Me, Love My Dog!

valuable food, and therefore is especially interesting as a source of calcium. Most cheese products consist of one-third water, one-third fat, and one-fourth protein. A pound of cheese represents the amount of protein and fat available in a gallon of milk. There used to be a time when most cheese was made by farmers out of the milk developed on the farm; today practically all of the cheese used in this country is made by factories. By use of machinery and scientific study, the cheese produced today is far better cheese than was formerly available. Cheese once was considered to be a highly indigestible material. Today it has been proved by laboratory investigation to be easily

ers to travel ten or twelve miles every hour. The toad wished that he had a bicycle, because distances In Texas are so great and it was more or less a matter of pride with him to attend the laying of every corner stone. He remembered that the next event mentioned in the papers would take place in Houston, and so he groaned a little at the thought of the long trip before him. Still he gritted his teeth and said to himself, “I shall hop off at dawn.” Asa traveled toad, his thoughts wandered beyond the dusty Texas crowd about him. The children of the high school sang “The StarSpangled Banner,” but his mind flitted. Victoria still ruled in England, and over in Germany was a man called Wilhelm 11. But nobody in Texas except the toad was thinking much about him. It was the nation’s intention to lick Spain and then be done with war forever. What possible truck could there between Eastland, Tex., and Berlin, Germany. But the horned spectator was not so sure. The warmth from a hot sky ran pleasantly along his back, and he meditated, “It’s funny how

Daily Thought

Then said I unto them, Cast ye away every man the abominations of his eyes, and defile not yourselves with the idols of Egypt; I am the Lord your God.—Ezekiel 20:7. a a a The more you speak of yourself, the more you are likely to lie.— Zimmermann.

productive machine, capitalism has deprived the masses of the purchasing power needed to absorb its production. This condition, therefore, has resulted in smaller markets, which, In its turn, result* in less employment. With less employment, existing markets grow even smaller, and so again more unemployment is created. Thus the cycle runs, and no amount of optimism or patchwork legislation can arrest its progress. The disintegration of capitalism Is definitely here. WILLIAM AYERS. Box 242 C, R. R. 14. Editor Times—Passing the Joan of Arc school recently, I heard the pupils singing "The Star-Spangled Banner.” I stopped to listen and was much pleased to hear them sing the second verse, which is unusual in our schools. It has been found that comparatively few school children know even one verse of this historic American song of our four great patriotic songs of early date. This song was written under greater stress and embodies more early American history than any other. It has received much superficial criticism, but its value has been recognized by congress, which, last year, made it the official national anthem. The fine suggestion has been made that a valuable way for school children—or for anybody else—to mark tills year of Washington bicentennial, would be to memorize the national anthem. MARTHA LONG. Irvington.

digestible when properly prepared, and may be used in liberal amounts. Os course, different cheese products vary in the amount of calcium that they contain, dependent on the milk from which they are produced and the methods of manufacture. American Cheddar cheese contains 0.71 per cent of calcium; Swiss cheese 1.05 per cent, and cottage cheese 0.077 per cent. Recently, nutrition experts at Purdue university made a test of cheese to find out whether the calcium in cheese could be utilized as easily as that in milk. Numerous studies in feeding indicate that calcium in American Cheddar cheese fed in this experiment was just as well taken up and used by the body as was calcium from the whole milk.

DV HEYWOOD BROUN

everybody likes his place in the sun.” And then he added, “Some day there’ll be trouble about AlsaceLorraine, and I'm not at all pleased about conditions in Manchuria.” a a a Interrupts Congressman “ A SINGLE spark could start a -tv conflagration,” he croaked, without being aware that he had spoken. A congressman was speaking, and all the crowd turned toward the toad to say, “Sh!” The visiting orator, by name Jones, had been Introduced as “one of the greatest members of the greatest legislative body of the greatest nation in the world today.” And so the toad yawned again, for he remembered that the world of his day was filled with great men. Hardy was at the top of his vigor, Swinburne had eleven years ahead of him, and Wilde still had two to go. “The Mauve Decade” would be an excellent title, thought the horned toad. “I am tempted,” said the orator of the occasion, “to tell you folks a little story, but perhaps I had better not, as there are many other speakers to follow me.” “You will. Oscar; you will,” muttered the toad pessimistically. a a a Enough Is Too Much THE afternoon wore on. Again the children came out to oing, but this time they did "My Country. ’Tts of Thee.” A man spoke about the farmers and said that they had a hard time and something ought to be done for them. If there was no aid forthcoming. he predicted that all the agriculturists would go broke and that that would be a panic. “And now,” said the chairman, 'T have an unexpected treat for you. Mrs. Donald Terwillinger, who did not think she could be present, actually has arrived, and she is going to speak to us of prohibition, and after that I shall ask you all to remain in your places, for the school children have been kind enough to promise me that they will sing once more before we close our exercises.” "Oh, to hell with It!” muttered the toad, and he crawled into the corner stone and drew in his horns after him. “Hit me again.” he chuckled, for the jest was still young; “I can still hear him” (Copvrißht. 1932, by The Times >

Stars on Field of Blue The states of the Union, alphabetically arranged, with the following information about each one: When organized as a territory; entry into the Union; area; population as shown by the 1930 census; capital city and principal city with their populations; derivation of the state name; the state nickname; the state flower; the state motto; the Governor's term of office and salary; the chief Industry; the principal rivers. A condensed, convenient form of ready reference for the chief facts about each state of the Union—compiled by our Washington information bureau from latest official sources. If you want a copy of this bulletin, fill out the coupon below and mail as directed. CLIP COUPON HERE DeDt. 177. Washington Bureau, The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York Avenue, Washington, D. C.: I want a copy of the bulletin, the States of the Union, and inclose herewith 5 cents in coin, or loose, uncanceled United Btates postage sumps to cover return postage and handling costa. Nam* St. and No City SUte I am a reader of The Indianapolis Times. ■ (Code No)

Ideal* and opinion* exprexxed in thl* column are those ol one of America’s moot interestin* writers and are protested withoat retard to their atreement or disagreement with the editorial attitud* of thli paper,—The Editor.

.MAY 19, 1932

ISCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

Explorations May Prove That North Arabia Was the Cradle of Modem Man. MODERN man may have had his origin in the portion of southwestern Asia which includes North Arabia, Syria, Palestine and Mesopotamia. That is the opinion of Henry Field of the Field museum of natural history or Chicago. Field discussed his views at a recent meeting of the American Oriental Society at the oriental institute of the University of Chicago. It is interesting to note that the region pointed out by Field is supposed by tradition to have included the Garden of Eden. Field bases his views on discoveries of the Field museum Arabian desert expedition. “Though the region lying between the Hedjaz railway and Bagdad now is almost waterless, in prelustoric times the region must have been well-watered and fertile, able to support a large semi-nomadic population,” Field said. “Flint implements and other artifacts Indicate that once there was a large group along the now-dry water courses. “Although no skeletons o* the original inhabitants have been found, I believe that they were Proto-Semites, precursors of the Semite race. The artifacts were the products of these Proto-Sem-ites.” mum Two Possibilities WHEN the climate became arid, however. a change of life was necessary, Field points out. He believes that the inhabitants of the region were faced with two possibilities—either to become wandering nomads, or else to hunt for new’ fertile regions in which to setUe. “I suggest that those who refused to face the stern regions of nomadic life divided into two or three groups and that they moved eastward to the ‘Fertile Crescent’ (the area watered by the Euphrates and the Tigris westward in Palestine and eventually to the Nile or possibly in a southwesterly direction to Somaliland and eventually into British East Africa.” he says. “I believe that Kish and other Mesopotamian cities were founded by Proto-Semites, a long-headed race then in a late stone age phase or culture, beside the inviting banks of the ever-flowing river Euphrates. “These stragglers were ’smitten with weapons’ at the dawn of the fourth millennium before the Christian era. by powerful invaders, who conquered and enslaved them. “These conquerors were the Sumertians, who are believed to have been racially as well as culturally distinct from the Semites. The Sumerians are thought to have been brachycevphalic (round heads) and the evidence at present available points to this conclusion. “This theory also accounts for the paucity of brachyceyphalic skulls in the lower levels at Kish.” a a a Fundamental Problem IN support of his theory, Field points out that implements from surface finds in Somaliland are identical with those collected near Rutbah Wells in the North Arabian region. “The majority of the peoples, modern and historic, of southwestern Asia,” he continues, “are dolicocephalic (long heads), although in the region south of the great ‘empty quarter’ of Arabia recently crossed by Bertram Thomas, the people are extremely round-headed, indicating that this desert must have been an important geographic barrier.” The early history of mankind is one of the most fascinating problems facing scholars. Many expeditions now in the field are attempting to solve it. Expeditions include those sent out by the Oriental institute, the Field museum, the University of Pennsylvania and many other institutions. The problem might be considered as the most fundamental one before the American Oriental society. Officers recently elected by the society for the ensuing year include Prof. Albert T. Olmatead of the University of Chicago as president, and Prof. H. H. Bender of Prinoeton university, the Rev. R. Butin o t the Catholic University of America, and Prog. P. M. P. Smith of th* Univer. slty of Chicago as rioe-presidents.

Questions and Answers

Where are the United State* prisons, and where are new one* under construction? Federal prisons are at Atlanta, Ga.; Leavenworth, Kan. and McNeil Island, Wash. There la a federal prison for women at Alderson, W. Va. Under construction la a house of detention at 13 Paso, Tex.; a federal Jail at New Orleans, the Northeast Penitentiary at Lewisburg. Pa.; the federal prison camp at Camp Lee, near Petersburg. Va., and a federal penitentiary at Chillicothe, O. Who la the Inventor of the syateme of controlling torpedoes, boats, motor cars and locomotives by radio? John Hays Hammond Jr. What does E Piuriboa Unum mean? It is the motto of the United SUtes and ia translated, “One Out ■of Many.”