Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 1, Indianapolis, Marion County, 12 May 1932 — Page 6

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• Government by Patronage Organizations interested in reducing the cost of Itm-rmuient should direct their a rent ion to legislation that Drill wipe out useless state, count? and local offices. Apparently the political machinery of t’ne state depends' upon patronage and especially on the distribution of offices among those whose sole qttflifteaMon s th* manipulaMo-i of douotfm political strength. Any job that permit* its holder to spend any ronsiderable portion of time in the playing of politics should be abolished. The state is still suffering from the traditions left bv Stephensonism when he had built himself into a position of power and arrogance. Til” method was fio create jobs which required little or no time and which performed doubtful service to the public. The scheme worked when he turned over to Fd Jack'on, then secretarv of state, the patronage ovc the state police and enabled the hooded order to build a g'gantic machine for the control of primaries. The unwise use of that patronage has wrecked every successor to Jacltson, although Jackson used it to mount to the governorship and then to fall back to oblivion, free under the statute of limitations which give immunity to his offense. There is n'V’d for the cutting down of expense of govern!' vn> A.-, argument that departments are selfsupporting through the collection of fees is subterfuge. The final expense comes from the people. A survey now of the state government, a listing of Job holders who play politics instead of givirtg service, a determined massing of forces to aboli/h all sinecures may help to solve the tax problem. One wav to reduce taxes is to cut out every' job which cues full time to politics and little thought to the people. ■ - rThe Theater Tax As df peratelr as the government needs the money to balance its budget, the proposal to tax low prired theater ticket* should cause some concern, not to the thousands who would pay or be barred from entertainment. but from those who have more wealth at stake. In times ol stress, the theater, especially the low prired theater, has played an important part as pacifier. It, furnishes an opportunity to get away from realities into dream realms, and woes that have multiplied by overthought become less distracting. It is only fair to say that an amused and entertained people are less likely to arrive at harsh and unwise decisions than a people whose sole attention is centrred on trouble. Evers business is having difficulty to maintain it - srif. Tiie theater has not escaped. Sevpral hundred Ijv’irna theaters have clo cd during the lact two years. M r nngnborhosd houses in cities arc likely to find th" goinc hard. A tax on low priced tickets might easily result in either the closing of more theaters, or. what is worse, the barring of hundreds who now have this occasional form of entertainment from any such participation. The problem or upholding public morale is quite as important as the distribution of food. Do It Now Wet victories in the Ohio and Indiana primaries hasten the national march away from prohibition. Ohio, mother of Presidents and mother of the AntiSaioon League, is a key state. Indiana is the state that had the most drastic dry laws. This general reaction against an experiment which started with noble purpose and ended ignobly now Is barbed with sharp economic necessity. Prohibition enforcement swells the federal deficit and at the same time robs the government of revenue with which to balance the budget and relieve the overburdened taxpayer. Those hit by the tax bill are asking to be spared. The movies, the rubber industry, the automobile industry, the insurance companies—the whole long list. Anri make no misiake about it. they are hit., and hit hard— at a time when any extra expense whatsoever is an inch off the end of the nose. Life or death for many of the industries is in the provisions of the tax bill: life if the tax is only all that the traffic will bear: the death sentence if beyond that. And the death means to the government that 'the goose that lavs the golden egg is no more, that the thing the bill seeks to accomplish is nulllfird by the bill itself. So it is no more thßn natural and human that cries for mercy are raised. And while all this is going on. the thing which would relieve all. the thing which would save industry from being taxed to death, lies before us—unused. Congress, the congress which is doing the taxing, has the power to amend the Volstead act. By such amendment, a tax An beer can be levied. And by such tax the terrible burden could be lightened, could be shifted to shoulders that could bear it—shoulders that now go unincumbered with any load whatsoever. A beer tax would bring in from $375,000,000 to $500,000,000 a year. Think that would do! It Is a greater sum than the present proposed taxes on amusements, radio and phonographs and communications combined. It is from one-third to one-half the total tax bill. What a silly situation! Prohibition is doomed. Every sign points to that fact. As sure as the stars, prohibition is on the way out. Every politician in Washington knows it. It's only a matter of time. In what amounts to a stampede. the political drvs are turning wet. What an opportunity to do it now—now. when the awful pressure of taxation can be relieved —not later, when the death sentence on overtaxed Americans has been executed. Those industries crying for help have stockholders. Those stockholders arc voters. We advise the ones who arq lobbying in Washington to get their companies *hared. to go to the grass roots—to call upon their stockholder*, to express themselves to their congressmen. Amendment of the Volstead act by this congress would turn the trick. It would clear the skies. It isn’t being done because the wary politicians are waiting for the partv conventions next month to take the responsibility for something that is as inevitable as tomorrow. But pressure from back home might change their minds. The politician, admitting that prohibition is doomed, contends that it "can't be done in this session." He can be made to understand that anything is possible in a time like this. * *

The Indianapolis Times <* icaim-HoWAin srwsi*.\rr.K> OwrnM sml published dslly (except Sunday i by The Indianspnlis Times Publisblnz Cos.. 214 22H W. st Maryland Street. Indianapolis. Ind Price in Marjcn County ” conta a copy elsewhere, 3 rents—delivered by carrier. 12 rent* a week. Mail subscription ratea in Indiana. $3 a year: outside of Indiana. 65 cent* a month. BOVI) ODRI.EI. ROV W HOWARD. SaRI D BAKER Editor President Business Manager I’Ho.NK—Ullej 55K1 THURSDAY. MAT 11. IBJJ Member of United Press, Scrlpps Howard Newspaper Alliance. Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. "Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

Democratic Relief Plan The Democratic unemployment relief plan propored by leader Joseph T. Robinson is a major political development which carries hope of action before congress adjourns. In declaring for a $2 000.000.000 bond public works program, Robinson made an important differentiation between public works that are self-sustaining and those that are not. He favored the former. Blanket forms of public works usually involve projects which necessitate long future maintenance charges, such as roads. We agree in principle with Robinson that at this time the self-sustaining kind are better as a means of keeping federal expenditures within bounds. Details of this part of his plan will be awaited by the public with interest. Few will find fault with the second plank in the Democratic plan, which accepts the need for direct federal emergency relief to the unemployed through the states. There are several such plans before the senate, including the Costigan and Wagner bills. Which of the several plans is best is open to debate. Robinson said he accepted the $300,000,000 Wagner plan. Advocates of the Coctigan-La Follette plan think the Wagner bill Is weak in providing for no federal supervision of funds to check possible local political misuses, and in apportioning the money solely on the basis of population, without regard to varying needs. But,, apart from all such details, it is essential that congress, before adjournment, provide in some manner for aid to states and localities which have exhausted their relief funds and otherwise can not prevent widespread starvation. With these plans for direct emergency aid to prevent starvation, and for self-sustaining public works to create Jobs and orders for industry, Robinson linked a demand for a balanced budget. The latter is in line with the appeals of President Hoover last week, which this newspaper vigorously is supporting. The responsible leaders of both parties are on record on this vital matter. \\r welcome the Democratic statesmanship evident in the general principle of the unemployment and business relief program advanced by Senator Robinson. The Bigotry Bureau Heights of silliness are attained by the bureau of naturalization In its proceedings against Gunnar B. Bruvold of Vermont,, a Norwegian-born Methodist minister, who has been accepted as a citizen of the United States, although he is unwilling to take human life in time of war. The naturalization bureau has charged that Bruvold obtained citizenship by fraud, in spite of the fart that hr told the examining judge, when his application was being heard, that he could not kill, and the judge commented that he, too. was averse to taking human life. Instead of appealing the case to a higher court, as the naturalization bureau should have done if it felt unwilling to have law-abiding, peace-loving citizens, the bureau has brought serious and unwarranted charges against a churchman, who can not fall to be injured by the fraud accusations, even though they are not sustained. If the bureau has a grievance, it Is clearly against the judge who accepted Bruvold as a citizen rather than the minister who expressed his unwillingness to hear arms. To prosecute Bruvold will seem the act of an oppressive and tyrannous bureaucracy. An American delegate has informed the disarmament conference that the .United States doesn't consider a battleship an offensive weapon. Again proving that it depends on whose foot the shoe is on. *_ Perhaps the stock market slump could be explained by stating that New York had such a mild winter the bears never were driven to cover. Another historian comes forward with the assertion that Columbus did not land at San Salvador. If the depression keeps up. we might decide the whole discovery was a mistake. Now they're building houses out of steel. If they'll I just make the windows of bullet-proof glass, they ought to do a rushing business in Chicago. . . Hoover told the Governors that they must cut down expenses. Now it’s their turn A penny saved used to be a penny made. Now its a penny hidden from the taxmakers.

Just Every Day Sense BY MRS. WALTEB FEKGI'gON

IT is praiseworthy, but a bit ridiculous, that we should have to get the signatures of a million American women to insure a building at the Chicago worlds fair that will point to the progress of our sex. For if women haven't advanced during the last few decades. I don't know who or what has. The men. poor dears, appear to be running around in circles. To be sure, they have done a great many wonderful things. Dynamos, telephones, typewriters, airplanes and radios invented. Cables and railroads laid. Slavery and pestilence abolished. Poles discovered. Sciences developed Education advanced along all lines. They have worked well and feverishly to build tremendous cities, countries and civilizations, and then labored just as hard to destroy that which thev had made. The most outstanding and the most deplorable act of the last half century was the World war. For no reasonable cause, men all over the earth fell to slaughtering one another. They used their marvelous id mentions for the extermination of their fellows. 9 9 9 IN /eed and in truth, women are the only creatures upon the face of the globe who haie progressed in spirit for fifty years. They have earned education and industrial freedom. They have emerged from mental and moral slavery. Along' with the biack man. ! they have gained the right of suffrage. And today finds them standing almost solidly for progress through peace, which, the recent past teaches, is the only way that progress can be made. Creeping despondently back 'toward that plane upon which in 1914 the civilized races stqod. man witnesses the devastation he has made. He remembers the old England. France. Germany and America prosperous and happy, and each with a splendid future. And he sees now all their great enterprises fallen and destroyed. For men have invented only to kill. They have built up only to tear down Thev have created vast fortunes, only to fling them away in cannon smoke. They have set up governments, not to make progress, but to makp war. So today finds them disgruntled and defeated and poorer than they were in 1693. Women must go forward If we do not keep our sanity and help to restore the samty of men. there will be no more world fairs, m

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy Says:

Balancing of the Budget Still Will Leave the Major Problem of Unemployment Unsolved. NEW YORK, May 12—It is not belittling the importance of a balanced budget to say that it leaves the major problem unsolved. The fact that Uncle Sam will be able to meet his bills does not mean that idle men can be put to work, or that business will show immediate improvement. The expense cuts and additional taxes required are likely to have an opposite effect, unless something is done to relieve unemployment and increase buying power. A balanced budget is merely an anchor to Windward, a guarantee against impending disaster, a precaution to prevent the old ship from going ashore. With that our of the way, it is the government's job to get sail on and go somewhere. 9 m u Recovery Can Be Aided ONE need not favor the dole, or even unemployment insurance. to believe that public policy so can be shaped and public credit so handled as to promote recovery. It is absurd to argue that this government was justified in bori owing thirty billion dollars for war, . but is not justified in borrowing one-fifth, or even one-tenth, that amount to meet emergencies of peace. It is equally absurd to suppose that the sensible use of credit would interfere w’ith a balanced budget. nun Inflation Must Come Depression has led to deflation throughout the civilized world. Prices and wages are lower than they ought to be in every land. If they are not raised, the major portion of all international debts must be cancelled. The world's only hope of meeting its obligations, even in a technical sense, rests on a carefully worked out program of Inflation. Why not a conference on the problem, as England suggests—a conference that would deal with the monetary situation, the tariff situation and all other situations which handicap a free exchange on reliable terms? a a a Open the Russian Door WHY not a conference with Russia? If w r e need business, why persist in keeping that particular door closed? Why not more positive efforts to arrange reciprocity treaties with Canada and south American countries. The last three years should convince even the most stubborn protectionist that we can't build a stone wall around our farms and factories w’ithout less. Here is a chance for relief in strict accord with Democratic tradition. One wonders that more has not been heard from Democrats about lower tariffs and a more liberal attitude toward other nations. a a a Action Is Inevitable APART from that, the Democrats are in excellent position to support such a program of public works through federal bond ! issues as Senator Robinson of Arkansas suggests. That is one case in which they easily might take the play out ol President Hoover's hands. Besides, something of the sort is inevitable. Sooner or later the! government will be forced into the , financing of public work, just as it was forced into balancing the budget. The situation we face has passed beyond the strength of private enterprise. It has become impossible for people to help one another as they should, and as they must, except through use of government agencies and powers. a a a Up to Democrats THE Democratic party never had a finer chance to put some of its doctrines into effect. It should insist on revision of the tariff through conferences with other countries, and on relief measures that mean more to the plain people than bank bills, or credit for big corporations. It should hold congress in session until such measures have been formulated. if not passed, to give the people a chance to vote on them next November.

People’s Voice

Editor Times—As a member of the executive committee of the Indiana Association of Workers for the Blind. I would like to say a word in defense of the ordinance, introduced in the city council meeting recently, licensing iocal blind persons to operate on our streets. Our association indorsed and supported this ordinance for the primary reason that, it provides that only the blind that have lived in Indianapolis for five years or mere would be licensed, thus barring from the streets nonresident blind, or •‘floaters,” who should not become a burden to our community. Many of our local blind have, because of the depression, been denied the opportunity of engaging in gain- : ful occupation, thus becoming a bur- ' den to our local charities. David ! Liggett, executive secretary of the Community Fund, and Eugene C. Foster, secretary of the Indianapolis Council of Social Agencies, both claimed that their organizations could take care of these unfortunate blind, but our experience in the matter has proved the contrary. The matter is not a question of temporary relief, but of finding a way to help these men to support their families. Since the state, through its agencies established for the blind, can give but a small number employment and since the social agencies at best could do but little to relieve them and could not assume the burden of taking care of them permanently, there is only one avenue open—that of appearing on the street and selling their musical talent or such small merchandise as they can handle. FRANCIS H. TOPMILLER. Trustee. I. A. W. B.

Daily Thought

Am (my brother's keeper?— j Genesis 4:9. Man is thy brother, and thy fa-, ither u God.—Lamartine, - 1

The Real Hole Seems to Be on the Other Side!

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Food Is Not Harmed by Aluminum

BY DR, MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the Amerien Medical AiMfitllon and of Hvzria, the Health Magazine. THE claim has been made that the presence of aluminum in foods or the use of aluminum cooking utensils in some manner promotes the growth of cancer in the human body. There is not the slightest scientific evidence to support this claim, but the charge has been made so persistently and so vigorously by various propagandists that it ha? been necessary to undertake scientific research to disprove it. It has been charged that manufacturers of cooking utensils made of materials other than aluminum have been in some instances behind the campaign. In any event, when the combat was being waged vigorously manufacturers of enameled ware cooking utensils attacked the use of aluminum and the manufacturers of aluminum countered by claiming that, chips from the enamel ware

IT SEEMS TO ME

MR. IRVIN S. COBB in the course of a recent interview in the New York Hera Id-Tribune remarked, "What the Democratic party needs are followers and not leaders.” I think this text is broad enough to cover far more territory than that embraced by the runner-up party in American politics. Indeed, the function of a leader always has been grossly exaggerated in the thought and history of the world. A writer of history falls into the same error as a reporter at a college football game. The Sunday newspapers tell us during the season that Albie Booth ran eighty-five yards for a touchdown or that somebody else kicked a field goal from the thirty-seven-yard line, and the impression prevails that the contest was chiefly won or lost by the talents or the errors of one or two men on either side. The interference which clcarpd the way for the runner or the linp which gave the kicker time to drop the ball and boot it npver gets into the headlines and seldom even into the text of the story. 9 9 9 White Plumes of Navarre AND in like manner the. historians picturp Waterloo for us an individual contest between a solid and substantial British end named Wellington and a good broken field runner who was Napoleon. And we have also heard that Grant did this and Lee the other. Pershing pushed back the Germans and Joffrp held them at the Marne. The difference between good generalship and bad may be considerable. And it is also true that in the social and political field certain men have accelerated popular movements and given them pace and precision. But it is no more true that Wellington scored a strictly personal victory at Waterloo than it Is so that Lincoln freed the slaves wholly through his own individual force and genius. All the important changes in the

Now Is the Time Now's the time to fall in love—but even lovers have to comply with the state laws on marriage. Do you know the various age limits for marriage in various states? Do you know which states permit, and which prohibit the marriage of first cousins? Do you know in what states steprelatives may marry? Do you know what states compel a waiting period between issuance of license and the marriage ceremony? Do you know the states that prohibit inter-racial marriages of various kinds? Do you know what states recognize common law marriages? These and many more questions are all answered in our Washington Bureau's newly revised bulletin MARRIAGE LAWS OF THE STATES. If you want a copy of this bulletin, fill out the coupon below and mail as directed: CLIP COUPON HERE Dqpt. No. 176. Washington Bureau. The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York avenue. Washington. D. C I want a copv of the bulletin SUMMARY' OF MARRIAGE LAWS OF THE STATES, and inclose herewith 5 cents in coin or loose, uncancelled. United States postage stamps, to cover return postagj and handling cos's. Name Street and No City * State I am a reader of The Indianapolis Times. (Code No.) * i#

could get into the body and cause appendicitis. Scientifically there is no evidence to support the vLw that cooking in either type of utensils Is to any! serious extent detrimental to the human body. Nevertheless, there are certain qualities that must be inherent in any type of utensil used in cooking. First, it must not depreciate the quality of the food. If the cooking utensil adds anything to the taste of the food or distorts it in any way. it is not a good cooking utensil. This perhaps should not apply to liquors aged in wood. Second, the cooking utensils should not destroy any of the important ingredients of the food. It now is well established that cooking of fresh fruits or vegetables in copper utensils in the presence of ai r will destroy vitamin C. Third, the utensil should not discolor the food. Finally, it should, not. arid to the food any substance harmful to human health. To find out whether aluminum utensils would meet these criteria, a 1

DV HEYWOOD BROUN

relationship of man to man have been at base mass movements. Indeed, leaders themselves are anxious to admit as much when things go badly. Thus the Great Engineer of 1928 suddenly has become the hardworking martyr afflicted by circumstances over which he had no control. A party which broadly boasted that it had of its own free will and inspired talent given prosperity to the nation is now glad to point out that economic causation runs deep and is international in its scope. The second point of view is more accurate than the first, but It does not mean that we have outgrown our disposition to single out some particular half back to crown as hero of a football or a financial victory. We are still looking for some other Whitney to bid 200 for United States Steel and save our economic structure. If within the next six months conditions in America grow appreciably better, we again will be toid that President Hoover was responsible fop the new deal. No longer will his partisans picture him as a poor kibitzer who had nothing on earth to do with it. 9 9 9 Man Upon His Own 'T'HE trouble with this fallacy is that we waste so much time in getting at our problems. We are not free from primitive man’s reliance upon the gods and near-gods And yet even in the case of great Hercules, not one of his feats would have been in any wise difficult if tackled co-operatively by a hundred commoners. Leaders spring up as they are needed and have always done so. But their function in many cases is no more than to cut a thin silken ribbon or press a button and release the forces already prepared before they came upon the scene. No single man or any ten or twenty ever will be capable of solving the economic problems which confront us. Necessary and radical change

number of workers in an eastern laboratory have made a series of tests on foods cooked in aluminum vessels. For phrpose of comparison, the same foods were cooked at the same time in vessels made of glass. In general, it was found that clean aluminum cooking utensils are attacked to an insignificant degree by foods of neutral reaction. However, acid foods or foods to which baking soda has been added dissolve small amounts of aluminum from the cooking utensil. If sugar is present, the amount of corrosion of the aluminum cooking utensil is less. The largest amount of aluminum found in any food was 118 parts to the million in apple butter which had been cooked in aluminum utensils for six and a half hours. If all food to be eaten during the day were rooked in aluminum cooking utensils, there still would not be enough aluminum taken up by the food to interfere seriously in any way with normal activities of the human body.

Ideals and opinions ripretsrd in this column are those ol one of America's most interrstinr writers and are presented without retard to their arreemrnt or disagreement with the editorial attitude af this paper.—The Editor.

, will come just as soon as man in I the mass realizes his power and his potentialities in standing shoulder ! to shoulder with his comrades. Among the partisans of the new world bitter rows arise because one man calls himself a ‘‘revolutionist’’ while another announces that he believes in “evolutionary development.” But such phrases are not mutually exclusive. A revolution is simply the palpable end-product of fermenting forces. That fermentation will be fast or slow according to the chemical conditions surrounding the mash. Somebody may stir it now' and again with a stick, but he Is merely an agent and not the creator of the resultant process. 9 9 9 Why Not Get Mad? AND so I think that there are many quarters in the globe, the nation and the city where masses could well begin a little fermentation on their own account without waiting for any plumed knight, to stand upon a stump and make them speeches. Take, for instance, the problem of ihe boy friend and the bosses. It is by no means true that the citizens of New York must put up forever with Tammany because its organization is too powerful and its leadership too shrewd to be conquered. "But what can I do?’’ is a familiar complaint of Mr. Average Man. Generally he is a little nettled at being told that he might do something as .simple as registering and voting. The Tiger lives and breathes and walks the earth not because of his claws, but because of our lark of them. We haven't cared enough. We have been too craven and too cynical. There never was a time when a million men and women got excited about something that an adequate leader could not be found. But he must have something to lead. Now is the time for all good men to become followers and fermenters. iCoovrlzht. 1932. bv The Timeai

m TODAY ■*/ IS THE- vy WORLD WAR \ ANNIVERSARY

RUSSIA PROTESTS May 12

May 12, 1918. George Tchitcherin. Bolshevist foreign minister, wirelessed Ambassador Joffe in Berlin to try to obtain from Germany cessation of all hostilities. He insisted that continuance of capture of Russian territory violated previous peace terms. He assured Germany that the Black sea fleet would not attack the port of Novorossysk. which Germans threatened to capture. In an answer to German rommander in the east evasively replied that he would agree to cessation of naval operations against the Black sea fleet only on the condition that all ships return to Sebastopol and remain there, leaving the port of Novorossysk open for navigation. French troops gained ground north of Kemmel, capturing Hill 44. and near Orvillers-SoreL. • j

MAY 12, 1932

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

Sun’s Light on Clear Day Is 1*65,000 Times That of Full Moon at Highest point in Sky. 'T , HE sun at noon on a clear day gives 465.000 times as much light as does the full moon when it reaches it highest point in the sky. The light of the noon-day aun is almost 120.000.000 times as bright as the combined light of all the stars on a clear night. These calculations are se forth in the meteorological tables of the Smithsonian Institution. This year's edition, recently published, represents the fifth revision of the tables In thirty years. They were brought up tq date with the co-operf tion of scientists of riir United States weather bureau n d the United States bureau of standards. The table of relative illumination data, from which the figures quoted above are taken, was prepared by Dr Herbert H. Kimball of the United States weather bureau. The standard measure of Illumination is the "loot-candle," the amount of light received from a gorailed standard candle at a distance of one foot. The noonday sun. aecording to Dr Kimball, illuminates the earth’s surface with an intensity equal to 9,600 foot-candles. But at sunset, the amount of light received from the sky is only equal to thirty-three foot-candles. 9 m 9 Twilight Defined THE full moon at its zenith, thzis, at its highest point in the sky. gives an illumination of only two-hundredths of a foot-candle. Dr. Kimball says. The moon at first or last quarter gives only one-tenth as much light, that is, two-thousandths of a footcandle. But this figures is still much higher than starlight, which, according to Dr. Kimball, amounts to only eight hundred-thousandths of a foot-candle. The Smithsonian meteorological tables also give a standard for the duration of "astronomical twilight" and "civil twilight." The former, according to this table, ends officially in the evening and begins in the morning, when the true position of the sun is 18 degrees below the horizon, when stars of the sixth magnitude are visible near the zenith, and generally there is no trace of the twilight glow on the horizon. The latter ends or begins when ! the sun s center is just six degrees below the horizon. At this time stars and planets of the first mag- | nitude are barely visible. In the evening the first purple light just has disappeared and darkness compels suspension of outdoor work. In the morning the first purple light is beginning to be visible. "The period of twilight has been a subject of considerable confusion in the past.” Dr. Kimball says, "because different workers have accepted different positions of the sun in respect to the horizon to indicate its beginning and ending. "In these tables, eveining twilight lis considered to begin when the upper limb of the sun coincides with ; the true horizon. Morning twilight, ends when the sun is in the same i position.” a a a Dynamic Meter THE tables also introduce anew unit, "the dynamic meter,” for use in meteorological calculations. Its purpose is to express differences in atmospheric levels. “It was from the work of the celebrated Norwegian mathematician and meteorologist. Professor V. Bjerknes, that we first gained the concept of 'dynamic meters’ for expressing the distance between level surfaces in the atmosphere,” Dr. Kimball says. "To lift a unit mass of air from one level surface to another means the expenditure of energy to overcome the gravity pull. The force of gravity varies with altitude as well as with latitude. Therefore, the distance between level surfaces in the atmosphere also will vary with both latitude and altitude when expressed In linear units, but. a unit ean be selected that will eliminate these differences. The dynamic meter is such a measure. "It is related to the meter of the linear system through the value of gravity at different latitudes and altitudes. Strictly speaking, it is * measure of gravity potential, or work done in overcoming the gravity pull, father than a measure of height.” The tables also include data for the measurement of heights by observation of the temperature of boiling wafer—based on the principle that, the greater the distance frem sea level, the less the atmospheric pressure, and the lower the atmospheric pressure, the lower the boiling point. While this Is not an entirely accurate measurement, it Is Included for convenience of explorers because of the ease with which a thermometer can be transported. More accurate measurement of heights. It is explained, can be secured with a standard barometer.

Questions and Answers

Has the train in which the armistice ending the World war rzas signed been preserved as a memorial? It has been preserved and stands near the track between Choiy-au-Bas and Rethondes, France. What is the Italian form of the name Charles? Carlo. fan you give me the authot and complete quotation of the lines that begin “ The mills of God grind slowly”? The quotation “Though the mills of God grind slowly, yet they grind exceeding small; though with patience He stands waiting, with exactness grinds to all,” is from Longfellow's translation of •'Retribution." by Friedrich von Logan. Who were the three agents of Foreign Minister Talleyrand in the scandalous ”X. Y. 7.." Affairs? Messieurs Hottinguer. Bellamy and Hautevsl. What |s the origin of the quotation. 'Tha race is not to the swift nor the battle to the strong”? i Ecclesiastes 9.11.