Indianapolis Times, Volume 43, Number 312, Indianapolis, Marion County, 9 May 1932 — Page 4

PAGE 4

H S € *4 3 •HOW A Mi>

A Good Citizen The state loses much in the untimely passing of Robert M Feustel. head of the Insuil utilities in Indiana. His management of those interests introduced a new and hopeful note, reminiscent of his early training under the elder La Follette. in which he had gained a social outlook and a real desire to substitute honesty and plain speaking for the subtleties of secret conferences. As far as was within his power, he threw aside the old traditions and customs and really tried to settle the problems in the open. No one questioned his integrity of purpose. He inherited much that was evil in utility management. He was attempting, successfully, to nd the industry he represented of those evils. No one doubted his sincerity when he often declared that he ask*d for nothing except open discus'ion of utility problems and a decision that rested upon the merits of his cause. That his view at times clashed wi*h those who had opposing thoughts as to public rights was to be expected. But it is to his everlasting credit that he attempted to balance the rights of the public with what he believed to be his duty to the investors in the enterprises which he managed. Were all the public utilities managed by men with the fairness and the outlook of Robert Feustel, the problem.- wouid be much more easily solved. His interest in public affairs, in aviation and in the jrama was ever upon the side of progress and of de:**ncy. His influence was great because of his position of power. His finest epitaph is written in the sorrowing hearts of friends, who esteemed and reipeeted him even when they disagreed with his views. Few men tn this state could leave such a legacy of friendship, so rich a memory, so sincere a sorrow at lie passing. Act Now, Talk Next Summer Bills that will balance the budget are moving toward pa.*sage in congress. The only serious threat thev face is politics. The itch to take credit for getting done this thing that the American people so urgently demand must no* get the best of some of the men who have the job to do. There will be plenty of time for that later. This summer, Republican orators can ring the welkin to their hearts’ content with tales of how Hoover whipped the Democrats in the house into line, or with praise for Republican stalwarts in the senate. On other stumps Democrats will be at liberty to present the other—and equally convincing—side of the picture. But not now. Republican politicians, and newspapers, would best pipe down. The Democratic house • and the Republican senate, for that matter), would b p st speed up. Whether the house ways and means committee already had the bonus bill killed before the President unclosed his blast is something for history to decide, and history can wait until after the Chicago conventions. Whether the srnate-Secretary Mills tax bill is a worse bill than the house fax bill which it supplants Is likewise not a question to be decided in the few weeks remaining before congress must adjourn. The bonus bill is dead. The tax bill is ready for enactment. The business before the country is its enactment. A better bill, perhaps, could be drafted, but a better one is not going to be, and it Is time that the work was completed. It can be completed quickly if the administration and rongress and partisan politicians, in and out of Washington, do not break out in a rash of politics. The President won the country by his stirring appeal for nonpartisanship in the present crisis. Congress will have the country's support just as completely if it keeps those budget-balancing bills moving. Action by congress will stir the country even more deeply than the words of the President, and leave just as lasting an impression.

Justice Albert Fail, guilty of accepting a huge bribe while secretary of the interior, comes out of federal prison in New Mexico after serving a year s sentence. The man who bribed him went free, as did most of the others of that corrupt Harding era. Last week. A1 Capone. Chicago's “No. 1 public enemy;* entered Atlanta prison for dodging federal taxes on millions he made out of illegal liquor. So grateful are three senators for this “victory” that they propose to elevate a judge who sentenced h-.m. :n spite of that injunction judge's obvious unfitness on other lines for any bench. While Capone, master of many killings, get* an eleven-year sentence that will permit him to emerge In seven years, a young Detroit bandit, guilty of one killing, is meted a life sentence at hard labor and perpetual solitary confinement, a penalty worse than execution. In Hawaii, a United States naval officer, his mother-in-law. and two navy men convicted of manslaughter of a man who escaped conviction for alleged rape, have their sentences .commuted to one hour each, while congressmen plead for their pardons. On the shores of the same ocean that laps Hawaii, Tom Mooney and Warren Billings are serving life, victims of an unfair trial because of being militant labor leaders, and no Governor will commute their sentences or pardon them. Wo must make our statutes conform to a public conscience, debunking them of hypocrisies like the anti-drinking law and its resulting rackets. Next we must man the courts with honest prosecutors and judges. Then we must support the law's machinery wi.h a strong public opinion. As Chief Justice Hughes said last week, the task Is not only to Instruct, but to energize. Industrial War in Kentucky Obstruction of university students from east and west who attempted to visit Kentucky and learn the facts in the mining situation first-hand redirected attention to one of the mast incredible situations in the whole history of American industrial warfare. Detailed very briefly, here are representative examples of lawlessness and violence in this area. The items which follow are only a few selected from a large number of similar activities. First, as to violence by local authorities: Joe Weber, an organizer of the National Miners’ Union, and Bill Duncan, a Pineville miner, were kidnaped in a restaurant at Cumberland Gap. Tenn. Gunmen came across the border from Harlan county, Kentucky, drove the two to a lonely spot, beat them into unconsciousness, and left them in the woods. t Harry Simms, a youthful organizer for the Na-

The Indianapolis Times (A c*irr§-HoWARo VEWsrarrio Owned and published dally (except Sunday) by The Indlanapnlia Tim#* Publishing Cos.. 214 230 West Maryland Street, Indlanapoila, Ind. Price in Marten County. 2 centa a copy: elaewbere. 3 r**nta—delivered by carrier. 12 centa a week. Mail aubacriptlon ratea in Indiana. *3 a year: ontsida of Indiana. 65 centa a month. BOYD GURLEY. ROY W. HOWARD* KARL P. BAKER Editor _ President Bntineaa Manager PHONE—RJIey Vml MONDAY MAT ■ IW3. Member of United Prcsa, Scrippa-Howard New*t>aper Alliance. Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

Uonal Miners’ Union, was shot down by a coal deputy while peacefully walking along the railroad track. He did the next day. Joe Moore and Julius Baldwin were killed while sitting in a soup kitchen by a deputy, who was indicted and then released on bail. Harry Thornton, a Negro organizer of the National Miners' Union, was taken from his home by four deputies. He was threatened with death, severely beaten, and slugged with guns on a lonely mountain road. He then was brought to jail with gaping scalp wounds, charged with drunkenness, in Jail for fourteen days, tried by a Jury which included deputies, found guilty, and fined. Waldo Frank and Al’en Taub. members of a group of writers who went to Pineville to distribute four car loads of food, were arrested in their rooms at the Pineville hotel, charged with disorderly conduct, taken to the border of Bell county at midnight and severely beaten about the head. Next, criminal syndicalism charges and frameups: A large and diverse group, including miners, organizers, writers and social investigators, has been arrested and charged with criminal syndicalism, a crime punishable with a very heavy prison sentence. Among those charged with criminal syndicalism arc such well-known persons as Theodore Dreiser, John Dos Passos, Arnold Johnson and others. Charles Peters, chairman of the central strike relief committee, was arrested in Harlan and charged with attempting to “overthrow the state of Kentucky.” His offense was an attempt to buy and flour for starving miners. Arnold Johnson and Allan Keedv, two theological students, were arrested, one charged with criminal syndicalism and the other with obstructing justice. They did nothing more than inspect the situation. L. P. Fuson, an Starts carpenter, was framed on a charg" of possessing liquor. He had given bonds for union men. The window out of which he was said to have tossed a bottle of liquor was found to have been screened securely. Third, denial of counsel and other legal irregularities: Allen Taub, New York lawyer, was sent down by the International Labor Defense to defend prisoners. He was arrested on a charge of criminal syndicalism and conspiracy to overthrow the government. Later he was taken to the border and beaten. Local defense lawyers have been terrorized. Excessive bail has been demanded. A group of writers and relief workers were arrested on Jan. 4, 1932. They were held on a $5,000 bond for appearance and another $5,000 to keep the peace. Two of them put up SIO,OOO appearance bond. The court has refused to hear argument on a writ of habeas corpus sued for on Jan. 28 for nine defendants in Pineville. Witnesses testifying for accused miners later have been indicted themselves and charged with murder and lesser offenses. Fourth, interference with relief: The car of Jesse Wakefield, a relief worker, was dynamited, but no arrests were made. The relief kitchen at Evarts was blown up by gunmen. F. T. Rhea, a Pineville storekeeper, was prevented by injunction from extending further credit to relief agencies. Henry Hall, driver of a relief truck coming from Cincinnati, was surrounded by gunmen and shot. Two men were shot and killed while sitting peacefully in the Swimming Tool soup kitchen. A group of New York writers with four cars of supplies were run out of Pineville and sent across the border. Freedom of speech and assembly have been abolished In the strike areas. With the recent exclusion and beatings of university students, matters hav* been carried a step further. Many outsiders are not even allowed to view the situation there. District Attorney Smith has threatened the American Civil Liberties Union if its members visit the area. A Shoals Situation Once more the senate holds the key to Muscle Shoals legislation. The house has passed a shoals bill with which no one is particularly pleased. It contains a joker which, in effect, permits lease of the plants any time within fifty years. Its government operation provision is weak and practically worthless; it does not make satisfactory prevision for speedy construction of Cove Creek dam in east Tennessee: and it provides no workable way for delivery of surplus hydro-electric power to nearby states, count, and municipalities. Before the senate is the Norris bill. That provides a sensible, honest compromise method of putting the Shoals to work. This is no straightout government operation bill, but one that makes a big concession to those who for years have been demanding lease of the nitrate plants for fertilizer manufacture. It calls the bluff of these persons, and makes fertilizer manufacture mandatory. The senate should pass its bill, so that once again an acceptable Muscle Shoals measure can be written in conference between the two houses.

Just Every Day Sense Bl’ MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

IT is true, as charged, that women have been disappointed in their hopes of reforming humanity. In the not-so-far-ofT olden days, the ranks of feminism were swelled by eager-eyed individuals who expected to abolish the double standard of morals and thus make both sexes virtuous. How lamentably we have failed may be discovered In any police court record. Even so, I am not one to sit back and argue that things are worse than before. They had to get a little more serious before they could improve at all. To be sure, women were pretty well behaved when they occupied the old-fashioned pedestal that men set up for them. But this was no especial credit to their intrinsic wrrth. They simply had to be good. And it would have been impossible to improve morals in general without letting the men and the women start from the same level. We had to come to a realization that decency and cleanliness can not be confined to one sex alone, if we are to better ourselves. m m AND things are very, very bad these days, everybody says. What are we coming to? So goes the un.versal wall. Well, I. for one. think we are coming to a better understanding of actual goodness and badness than we had before pedestals for women went out. At least, we go clothed in honesty instead of prudery. We no longer indulge in the drivel about woman's power to lift men from evil. We know now’ that she can't do it. It's all she can do to keep straight herself. And surely we must assume that men will learn strength of moral purpose only when they stand on their own feet and cease harping about the feminine temptresses. It was not only erroneous, but dumb, to believe that one sex made up the sheep and the other the goats of human kind. We have made a bungle of this. I grant you. but after our long detour we are heading in the right direction. Assuming that men are capable of virtue and that women are capable of vice, and that both are capable of improvement, is a sensible start upward.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M: E: Tracy Says:

People Have Something More Serioux to Worry About Sow Than Whether a Democratic or Republican Gang Getx the Gravy. NEW YORK. May 9—The public has taken President Hoover's message in good faith. If politicians are wise they will do the same. The scolding he gave congress was not only deserved, but needed. Democrats make themselves ridiculous by trying to present it as a political maneuver, since they were largely responsible for the situation which left President Hoover such a fine opening. Republican efforts to capitalize the message for partisan purposes would be equally absurd. The only way either party can hope to derive benefit from existing conditions is by doing something that will be of benefit to the whole country. B 8 B Job Must Be Done AS a general proposition, people are sick and tired of profitless argument, of tearing up one plan for no other reason than to make another, of this empty-headed Strategy which has no objective except to gain some fancied political advantage. People have something more serious to worry about this trip than whether a Democratic or Republican gang gets the gravy. They are vastly more concerned in seeing the job done well than in who gets it. They want nothing so badly from Washington as prompt, sincere, constructive work. BUB People Grow Alarmed PEOPLE are Retting alarmed, not because of their own problems, but because of a growing suspicion that the goverment Is not doing what it should and can. The last three years have shown them the danger of deficits. They see no reason why the federal budget should remain unbalanced any longer than is necessary. They sec no sense in debates and delays which result only in inaction. The people regard increased taxes as inevitable. All they ask is fairness. They also regard the reduction of government expenses as mandatory. All they expect is such distribution of curtailment as will catise the least hardship. nun No Plan in Mind IF Democrats had been working in behalf of any well-thought-out plan of rehabilitating government finances, they wouid have been justified in spoiling the administration's plan. Most people assumed that such was the case, since, otherwise, all the arguing and bickering seemed incredible. It turns out, however, that Democrats did not have anything definite in mind, but were sending up trial baloons, with the result that little of importance or helpfulness has been accomplished since the middle of February. B B B Democrats Help Hoover A DEMOCRATIC house of representatives has done more to re-elect President Hoover during the last three months then all other factors of the forthcoming campaign. If his recent message was a stump speech, as it has been described, Democratic folly made it so. As for the people, especially those of an independent turn of mind, who will decide the election next November, they see it only as a bit of sound advice offered for their peculiar benefit. B B 8 Leadership Needed IN this connection. Democrats should remember that they have not enough votes in their own party to win; that their only hope of success lies in converting a sufficiently large number of independents; and that this can not be done by a character of politics designed to pep up the faithful. The demand is for leadership, not of the kind that can talk well, but of the kind that gels things done. That explains why President Hoover's message was so well received. It did not call for perfection, but for action along certain well-de-fined lines. The popular response should be a warning to those who have been trying to make partisan capital by throwing monkey wrenches into the machinery.

Daily Thought

Husbands, love your wives, even as Christ also loved the church, and gave himself for it.—Ephesians 5:25. God overrules all mutinous accidents. brings them under His law.* of fate, and makes them all serviceable to His purpose.—Marcus Antoninus. What is the origin and meaning of the name Nada? It is a Serbian feminine name meaning “hope.”

Now Is the Time Now's the time to fall in love —but even lovers have to comply with the state laws on marriage. Do you know the various age limits for marriage in various states? Do you know which states permit, and which prohibit the marriage of first cousins? Do you know in what states steprelatives may marry? Do you know what states compel a waiting period between issuance of license and the marriage ceremony? Do you know the states that prohibit inter-racial marriages of various kinds? Do you know what states recognize common law marriages? These and many more questions are all answered in our Washington Bureau's newly revised bulletin MARRIAGE LAWS OF THE STATES. If you want a copy of this bulletin, fill out the coupon below and mail as directed: — CLIP COUPON HERE Dept. No. 176. Washington Bureau. The Indianapolis Times. 1322 New York avenue. Washington. D, C. I want a copy of the bulletin SUMMARY OF MARRIAGE LAWS OF THE STATES. Rnd inclose herewith 5 rents in com or loose, uncancelled. United States postage stamps, to cover return postage and handling costs. Name Street and Nc City State I am a reader of The Indianapolis Times. (Code No.)

p * - ' -’- -' ''/' ■* . .„ * * * .*- „ > ;- x -> y i \ , Jl^^||pa[,'^K^^^^BWß^^^y3|gv* > - -- " > < f I rv

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Maternity Death Rate Can Be Cut

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Mrdiral Association and of Hvrria, the Health Maearine. THE death rates of mothers in the United States during childbirth have aroused great interest. The subject is being constantly agitated before congress, because of legislation appropriations for education and preventive medicine applied to this cause of death. Just as long ax any preventable deaths occur, the mortality rates may be considered excessive. There are. however, some factors which are hardly controllable. In a recent survey of this subject, Dr. Haven Emerson, professor o. public health administration in Columbia university, poinls out some of the factors which commonly are disregarded, but which nevertheless are of the greatest importance in calculating maternal death rates and in classifying them as preventable and those not preventable. For instance, many calculators fail to note the instances of multiple births, such as twins and

IT SEEMS TO ME BY H BROUN D

MAYOR JIMMY WALKER should answer Cardinal Hayes. Upon many occasions the mayor has made a point of replying with great fierceness to various people who have criticised phases of New York's civic life. It has been his contention that these critics were giving the metropolis a bad name. And yet I do not remember that any one of them covered quite as much territory as the cardinal in a recent letter when he wrote: “New York City—l am ashamed to say it—has a maladorous reputation throughout the country, because it is said anything, no matter how foul or filthy, is tolerated and even licensed on the New York stage." James J. Walker is not only our mayor, but one of the chief patrons of our theaters, and so it seems to me no more than fitting that he should confirm or deny the findings of Cardinal Hayes. If Mayor Walker dissents from the opinion of the prelate. I think he owes it to the cause of logic to add another name to the list of those who are. according to executive decree, attackers of ‘the fair name of our city." mam A Seat Upon the Sidelines Unfortunately, i am not in a position to pass upon the merits of the controversy to which Cardinal Hayes referred specifically in his letter. He wrote to join others in a protest against renewing the license of. two burlesque theaters in Forty-second street. I have not seen any of the current attractions in this realm of the drama. But. for that matter, neither has Cardinal Hayes. So both of us can speak freely. If his scouts have furnished him the same reports which have come to me. I think it must be admitted that burlesque along Broadway is

Jonah and the Whale!

triplets. Obviously, the number of children born is greater than the total number of periods of childbirth. There are various ways of calculating the death rates of infants. In some European countries the birth is not reported as a live birth unless the child lives until it is baptized. This may not be for several days. Obviously, such calculation is n<| to be compared with one in which every child dying at oirth is called a death or every child dying within the first week is called a dead birth. Expert statisticians have found that the race of the mother, her occupation, her economic status, the age at which her first child is born, the period elapsing between two births and similar factors are of the greatest importance. Dr. Haven Emerson shows that the death rates of mothers in cities, for both white and Negro, are 60 to 75 per cent higher from puerperal sepsis and about 35 per cent higher from all causes than

now as bold as it ever was in the Bowery. Discretion docs not seem to be a part of the present regime. But without making a personal visit, I do not want to enlist violently on either side. It is possible that things have been said and done in these theaters which would shock me. Possibly the cardinal would be shocked at precisely the same things, but there is always a wide variation among individuals. So far this season I have been shocked but once in the theater. I think that is too small an allowance. I do not know whether the fault is mine or that of the producers. Possibly I grow more blase or they are becoming less bold. m m m Chance for a Frank Plea IN the long run I am likely to side with the burlesque people. I could wish that they were a littie bit more candid. Their protestations that only evil minds can find obscurity in their songs and sketches are not likely well founded. Word definitely has gone out that these entertainments are phonographic. And so I think it would be helpful all around for the entrepreneurs to admit a certain ribaldry and then try to justify it. If I were retained for the defense I would point out that the musical shews which cater to the carriage trade have made no great attempt in recent years to make themselves the precisely proper spot lor Mrs. Caesar on an outing. Even the Pulitzer prize play of the year has one or two things which might bring the blush to certain cheeks, although I myself would not think of classing it as erotic. My own Aunt Hattie grievously was offended at one of Mary Boland's lines about a doctor's office in “Face the Music!” and so as yet I have not invited her to see “HotCha!’’ Although the performance

m TODAY £$ Sf*' IS THE- s's ' WORLD WAR \ ANNIVERSARY

OSTEND BOTTLED UP May 8 ON May 9, 1918, a successful attempt was made by the British to block the harbor at Ostend. A previous attempt had failed, and the British concentrated a large force for the second effort. A smoke screen was laid down over the entrance to the harbor by small craft. The battered old warship. Vindictive, was maneuvered into position by a crew and officers. and sunk in the channel with her insides full of concrete. Heavy gunfire from defending positions accounted for several casualties among the attacking party. Only a .*w officers and men were left on board the Vindictive to sink her. A motor launch assisting in picking up these men was hit several times and nearly sank before it reached the admiral’s vessel, the destroyer Warwick.

are death rates of mothers in the country. If the age of the mother at the first childbirth is more than 25 years, and if she has on the average less than three children, she will run a greater danger of death in childbirth than when ths first and other childbirth* occurred at an earlier period in her life. Tendency in modern times is for women to wait longer for marriagp and for the birth of a first child than previously. Dr. Emerson says that in some of our modern states within the last five years one-third of all deaths of mothers in childbirth have occurred among rather elderly women who died with the first child. The most important point made in his analysis is the demonstration that it is impossible to compare the rates for the United States with those of other countries because of the difference in methods of recording figures. Dr. Emerson is convinced that two-thirds of the deaths in childbirth are preventable. Toward such prevention every possible effort should be applied.

ideal* and opinion* etprrstrd in tbit column are thote of on* of America’s moil interMllnt writer* and are oretented witboat reeard to their arreement or disaereement with th* editorial altitude of Ibis uauer.—The Editor.

is advertised as ‘unsophisticated,” I am not at ail sure that Aunt Hattie would like the toreador episode.

U M 0 The City and Aunt Hattie But, though I have her interests much at heart, I would not ask the license commissioner to oust the tenants of the Eltinge and Republic theaters on her account. My Aunt Hattie never has been harmed by a burlesque show, and I t/nnk it is doubtful that she ever will be. She doesn't go to them. I have always felt that she Js wiser in her generation than the Sumners and the Comstocks. I even prefer her point of view above that of many members of the clergy. Since burlesque is not as yet compulsory, I am puzzled by the loud complaints of those who have no intention of enlisting among ils clients. If it can be proved to iffc* that patrons come rushing out of these theaters suffused with blushes and shocked into acute anguish, I would readily agree that something should be done about it. But I never have understood why any who hang their raiment on hickory limbs should be interested in chemical analysis of thp water. There Is much in the world which demands the attention of Cardinal Hayes. I like to pretend that I have certain responsibilities myself. And since neither of us goes to burlesque. I think that possibly it would be less than tragic if we just didn t bother our heads about it. fCoßvrtxhl. 1931. bv Th* Tim**'

Questions and Answers

What are the characteristics of the Bantus of South Africa? They were the latest of the native inhabitants who entered South Africa. They all speak dialects of the Bantu language, but racially they vary considerably, with certain Negro characteristics predominating. They seem to have originated as a distinct variety somewhere in the neighborhood of the Great Lakes, and to have m'.jrßted south at various times between the twelfth and fifteenth centuries, each of their main groups representing a different series of tribal movements. The Bantu peoples are vigorous, powerful, and increasing in numbers. They are divided into numerous small tribes, which, on the basis of cultural and linguistic differences, are divided into four groups. Does the shamrock grow only in Ireland? There Is no plant known as shamrock which is peculiar to Ireland. White clover, for Instance, known in various sections of Ireland as shamrock, grows abundantly in the United States. The name is most commonly given to one of the hop clovers, which are widely diffused over the island, but can not claim to be its exclusive possession. This plant is commonly exported from Ireland to London, and even to the United States for St. Patrick's day celebrations. Red clover has been locally called Jn America the shamrock. Even watercress has

MAY 9, 1932

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

Plantx Have Organization Which Rexemblex Kerroux System of Animalx, Phyxiologi.xf Sayx. IQ ECENT work at the Smithsonian institution promises to rekindle the old controversy as to whether piant* possess ‘brains.’’ It has been pointed out many timers that animals are distinguished from plants by the possession of a brain and nervous system. Man. without his organization of brain tissues and nerves, would be no more than a needlessly complicated sort of vegetable. But. periodically, scientists have insisted that plants did not possess some sort of organization which, in a way, corresponds to the nervous system of animals. The latest claim of this sort is put forward by Dr. Earl S. Johnston. plant physiologist at the Smithsonian institution. From experiments with oat seedlings. Dr. Johnston comes to the conclusion that they possess areas which correspond roughly to the highly sensitive nervous tissues in Rnimals. These areas appear to serve the function of brains, although it is apparent that they function in quite different ways than do nervous tissues in animals. Just how they do function is one of the problems not yet solved.

Effect of Light DR. JOHNSTON, in his experiments with oat seedlings, studied the phenomenon known as ••photottppism." that is. the tendency of a plant to bend either toward a source of light, or away from it. He found that the behavior of the plant depended very largely upon what section of it received the stimulus of the light. “There appears to exist in the plant.” he says, “a more or less localized region capable of receiving a stimulus. It has been shown that the most sensitive portion of a coleoptile—the leaf sheaf surrounding the bud of an ascending shoot —is the first fifty thousandths of the first millimeter of the tip. “The first millimeter is 160 times aas sensitive as the second, and 1.800 times ns sensitive as the third millimeter zone. <A millimeter is about three hundredths of an inch.) “Furthermore, if only one side of the tip of the seedling is illuminated, the stem will bend in the direction of the light, but the bending will take place toward the base. “It is as if the tip received the stimulus and the excitation traveled downward to the leg,' the point, where the bending took place. It would seem at first sight that the plant behaves very much like an animal. “It sees with its ‘eyes.* then its ‘legs’ move toward what it secs. Superficially, it appears as If there were some sort of volition on the part of the plant.” B B B European Experiments THE real explanation of this curious phenomenon is not yet known, although much work has been done upon it in European laboratories. Dr. Johnston says. “The most plausible explanation offered.” he says, “is that the light acts on the growing tip to produce sqjnc chemical substance which acls as a growth regulator. “This substance either may promote or inhibit growth, according to the theory one holds as to the nature of the phototropic effect. “In one European laboratory, the heads of several coleoptiles were cut off after they had been exposed to light. They were placed on a thin sheet of gelatin. “This then was cut into small blocks and plnced on the sides of coleoptile stumps growing in th" dark. After three hours, the*" stumps showed negatively phototropic bending. “Apparently some of the mysterious substance produced by light in the tips had been absorbed by the gelatin. “From the gelatin blocks it was transferred to the stumps, so that the effect was similar to what might have been produced by the tips themselves. “When tiny blocks of pure gelatin, instead of the impregnated blocks, were used, there was no such bending affect. "The type of bending is influenced greatly by intensity of the light. If the coleoptile is illuminated from one side by a dim light, it will show positive phototropism, bending toward the light. “When the intensity of the light gradually is increased, a point of indifference is reached at which no bending occurs. Still further Increase in light intensity results in a negative curvature.” How many Catholir* and Prnlestants are ' in Indianapolis. How many Baptists? Rn: an Catholics. 38 856; Protesta”‘s. 'bout 100. Cm. Baptists. 20.462.

been called shamrock, although its leaves are not trifoliate. Is the Vice-President of the United States a member of- gress? No. He prerides over the senate, brt can only vote i" erse of a tie. How long must an ex-service man have his bonus or adjusted service certificate before he can obtain a loan -n it? "> years is the riimum time. *’ow can sulphuric acid be distinguished from hydrochloric acid? A simple way to test them Is to dilute the acid with ajrout five times its own volume of water ' taking care to ”dd the acid to the water, not the water to the acid, and then add a snail amount of solution ~f barium This substance yields a white crystalline precipitate with sulphuric acid, but no precipitate w.?h hydrochloric acid. Who have been the winners of the ” coast conference football ctnmn'-nahip since 1925? Stanford. 1926 and 1927; Southern C"* <a. 1928 and 1929; Washmeten State, 1930, and '■•uthern Cali--1531. What is the population of Alaska? Are its citizens qualified to vote in presidential elections? The population of Alaska lit 58.758. Because they are citizens of a territory not incorporated into the union they can not vote in a presidential election.