Indianapolis Times, Volume 43, Number 273, Indianapolis, Marion County, 24 March 1932 — Page 6

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The Cut Must Come Enough has been disclosed before the public service commission to make a reduction in water rates not only just, tut imperative. The theory that, the people must pay this company more in hard times than in prosperous days Is in keeping with the whole conduct of this company since its entrance to the city. The company takes from the city treasury an amount of money that will soon be reflected in loss of jobs to many city employes and a reduction in salaries. The rates arc higher than in most other cities which have private ownership and, of course, greatly in excess of those which have municipal plants. Comparison of rates is one method of determining the fairness of rates. The charge for utility service is one of the chief causes of high taxes. The city can not get down to a business basis and a balanced budget unless the same rate of deflation that has come to other business is applied to the utility charges. As far as the private customer is concerned, his utility bills are a cause of impending confiscation of property in many Instances. The water company, under the theory for which it fought In the courts, can have no defense against a reduction. It obtained the right to charge on what it called the cost of reproduction. The cost of reproducing its plant today would be far below the figure fixed In days of inflated prices of labor and materials, A deep cut in water rates, to be followed by an even deeper cut in electric rates, is imperative. If this reduction can not be obtained by the present system of regulation, the people will be forced to public ownership as the one means of escape. The Prohibition Farce Continues Just what will happen to those responsible for the disappearance of large amounts of liquor from the custody of federal officers in Indianapolis will be watched with interest by citizens who are becoming more and more aroused at the ghastly farce of prohibition. The spectacle of the government confiscating liquors and then permitting its agents to cither use or sell its loot is not calculated to arouse any confidence In the law itself, the integrity of the government, or the sinccilty of the enforcement agencies. The most recent exposure of the use of confiscated liquors for other purposes than evidence will need considerable explanation. Some years ago the government admitted that $300,000 worth of whisky had been taken from the local Federal building. Asa matter of common knowledge, a large part of this w r as used for political purposes. For the theft of some of it, a few janitors served brief terms in prison. While not successful in guarding its booze, the government has been quite zealous in its efforts to pursue Democratic city administrations. The arrest of Indianapolis officers will be remembered as a disgraceful effort to discredit an administration with which local citizens were satisfied. Why not trot out the conspiracy statute that is relied upon in other liquor cases and see just how far it can be made to stretch in this particular matter? That might, at least, result in an amendment to that particular statute which has been interpreted in a manner calculated to destroy traditional ideas of liberty and law.

Excise the Sales Tax As the house of representatives meets today to fight the decisive battle on the sales tax, its lank and file should realize that the American people are watching. More than 50,000.000 citizens have spoken through their organizations in protest against the impertinent proposal of party bosses to write an alien principle Into their revenue bill. Organized farmers, organized labor, organized consumers, organized merchants are aroused and are arousing the unorganized millions. The crossroads storekeeper, the man at the plow, the worker with a dinner pail, and the unemployed without one, are watching to sec whether their congressmen will write jv tax law that places new burdens upon wages, upon trade revival, upon the will to conquer depression. So far, a militant majority of congressmen has beaten the Democratic and Republican party bosses in every skirmish. Now, to win these into camp, the bosses undertake to sugar-coat the sales tax by exemptions. Today their proposal is to exempt from its provisions foods, wearing apparel, farm implements, medicines and other items. These exemptions, reducing the sales tax revenues by a third, are designed to wean away opponents and make it appear that this proposal is not in fact a tax upon necessities of life. Apparently the party leaders are willing to destroy their sales tax as a revenue-raiser if only they may jimmy the sales tax principle into the American fiscal system. And this is precisely what they should not be permitted to do. The house rank and file has won a series of brilliant and popular victories. The Swing, La Guardia, .Johnson and Ramseyer progressive amendments would raise between $200,000,000 and $300,000,000, or onethird to one-half of the sales tax revenue estimate. The Ramseyer amendment, placing a tax on big estates, would yield, in a few years, most of the $600,000,000 now being asked of the general sales tax. With this big start in finding sales tax substitutes, congress can balance the budget by addition of certain luxury' and excise imposts and by federal economies. In practice, the sales tax is inefficient. In principle, it is unjust. Excise means “cut out.” Congress should excise this unsound and corroding sales tax principle once and for all. Blocking Progress Efforts to replace destructive competition and overproduction with stabilized prosperity through economic plannfng have been jeopardized by six conservative supreme court justices. The court's 6 to 2 decision, smashing Oklahoma's law for state regulation of the ice industry, is a decisive precedent against the constitutionality of federal or state action to save industry from its own ruthless practices. Not until the supreme court of nine has a majority of justices who think with Justices Brandeis and Stone that the United States Constitution does not and should not prevent revision of economic practices and institutions to meet the changing times, will there be favorable opportunity to revise our economic system through democratic and peaceful methods. The La Follette proposal for economic planning to maintain wages and purchasing-power, as well as

The Indianapolis Times (A BCHIPFS-HOWAKD NEWSPAPEK) d * n ? Sunday| by Tbe Indianapolis Time* Publishing Cos.. .14-Z3) West Maryland Street. Indianapolis. Ind. Price In MarioD County. 2 cents a copy; elsewhere. 3 cent*—delivered by carrier. 12 cents a week. Mail snbscription rates in Indiana. $3 a year: outside of Indian*. 65 cents a month. BOYD GURLEY. ROY W. HOWARD. EARL D. BAKER Editor President Business Mansper PHONE—It rley 5081 THURSDAY. MARCH 24. 1882. Member of United Press, Scrlppa-Howard Newspaper Alliance. Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

the Swope and Chamber of Commerce plans to restrict production to consumption demands, apparently are covered by the supreme court’s new ruling. The pending Davis-Kelly bill for government regulation of the soft coal industry involves a restriction of competition similar to that of the Oklahoma law. The Oklahoma statute, requiring a certificate of public convenience and necessity for establishment of an ice plant in a field where it would compete with an established plant, was knocked out by Justice Sutherland, head of the conservative bloc, in these words: ‘Plainly a regulation which has the effect of denying or unreasonably curtailing the common right to engage in a lawful private business, such : as that under review, can not be held consistent with the fourteenth amendment.” * Recognizing that this ruling prevents effective action to save American business from its traditional devil-take-the-hindmost attitude Justice Brandeis branched far cut in his dissenting opinion. He cited published fears of leaders in this country that capitalism is tottering. He cited th e Swope and Chamber of Commerce and other plans for regulating business. All agree, ’ he said, “that irregularity in employment the greatest of our evils —can not be overcome unless production and consumption are more nearly balanced. Many insist there must be some form of economic control. There are plans for proration. There are proposals for stabilizaticn. . . . “I can not believe that the framers of the fourteenth amendment, or the states which ratified it, intended to leave us helpless to correct the evils, of technological unemployment and excess productive capacity which the march of invention and discovery have entailed. There must be power in the states and the nation to remold, through experimentation, our economic practices and institutions to meet changing social and economic needs.” No Kidnaping Films The Hays moving picture office in Hollywood, according to the magazine Variety, has warned all producers to steer clear of films with a kidnaping motif. It points out that such films—which might be expected to appear in quantity, following the Lindbergh case—probably would implant wrong ideas in certain heads. Hence we shall get none of them. Here is one case where th e movies’ “directorship” is acting wisely. Less cheering are reports from New York that we are to get a flock of mystery stories centering about kidnaping. Apart from any other considerations, such books simply will represent anew way of cashing in on a pitiful tragedy. Good taste alone ought to keep them off the market. A man In Illinois swallowed a needle sixty-six years ago and the other day he found it in his foot. If he were as tight as some people we know, he probably still would be hunting the thread. The Massachusetts proposal to'legalize 4% per cent beer looks like a move to take the trade away from 3 per cent Rhode Island. University of North Carolina is experimenting with anew cotton crop. What they ought to do is experiment with what to do with the old one. Rumor has it that a 10-cent store is going to increase its maximum price to 20 cents. Maybe it’s going into the foreign bond business. The wet-dry showdown finally shook many congressmen off the fence on the liquor question, but the fence still is low enough for easy jumping. Science will abolish farms, a writer says. But if science doesn’t hurry, taxes will do it first. An architect says Chicago houses are better ventilated than the average for the United States. And, you might add, so are the inhabitants. Spring poems are responsible for much editorial cynicism, a critic says. But w e still have to find out what is responsible for the spring poems. Many of our boxers do not mind taking the count, but ail of them like to count the take, A congressman says nearly everybody is in favor of the sales tax. Maybe he means everybody but the consumer. The Japanese who named Manchuria the land of peace must have had it confused with two other countries. Many jails are falling to pieces, a prison commission says. But the chairs still are strong enough to hold all the deputies.

Just Every Day Sense BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

WHEN tribulations come upon us, we sometimes let go of inspiration. And in our zeal to get back to fundamentals, we smother the very qualities that could bring about our salvation. I have in mind two small cities that have closed their public libraries to economize. This is the very opposite of common sense, because it stifles thinking and education, the only two things that can help man in an emergency. Then there are a number of towns, counties, and even cities that are firing all married women teachers, regardless of their experience or their qualifications. Now if our schools are kept up for the purpose of furnishing jobs, this may be all very well. But if, as I always had supposed, they are maintained to educate the children, then nothing could be more disastrous. To make our children the victims of our lack of vision seems to me particularly tragic. It should make no difference whatever about the status, the creed, or the age of a teacher. The only thing that should count is whether he or she knows how to teach. BUM AND a surprisingly small number of people do. Teaching is one of the high arts. Unless it is born in the individual, no amount of cultivation can create it. Many college professors, for instance, are well informed, scholarly, and masters of their particular lines, but they are not good teachers. They have no power to give out to others the things they know. They can not inspire their pupils. They do not possess that spark that must be a part of them to kindle within the young a desire to gain knowledge. Doubtless there are many married women who are very poor instructors. But there must be many who have the teaching gift. They never should be discharged. If there ever was a time in our history when we needed good teachers, it is today. The only rule that should apply in their hiring or their firing is the '"'Mvidusrs fitness for a- most important job. ,

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy Gays:

Ireland and England Should Permit Their Differences to Be Adjudicated by the World Court, Which Needs a Chance to * Prove Its Effectiveness. NEW YORK, March 24.—At the outset, a storm looks much like a shower, and vice versa. Only those who have watched the i weather long can tell the difference, and even they make mistakes. The same thing is true of human disturbances. Most quarrels among men lead to nothing, but sometimes they lead to murder. Most international disputes end without serious trouble, but occasionally they end in war. Europe got safely by a dozen incidents as irritating as the murder of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, but not that one. Trouble is always dangerous. n u Hotheads. Dangerous IT is unthinkable that President de Valera of the Irish Free State would involve his country in war over the oath of allegiance, or the land annuities. It is equally unthinkable that the British government would do so. But such a possibility goes with the issue and j both sides would do well to be careful. Let nations once get excited and hotheads can start anything. This old world has seen patriotism become a fever too many times over some inconsequential controversy to under-estimate the risk. Also, it has seen nations dragged into strife by some impetuous subordinate who violated the rules of common sense, if not actual orders, but wrho had to be vindicated for the sake of national honor. tt tt tt Fat’s in the Fire WHETHER De Valera should; have raised such an issue at j such a moment, or whether the British government should have shown a greater inclination to j compromise, is beside the mark. The fat is in the fire and it becomes the business of those directly concerned not to waste time ; arguing over who put it there, but to get busy and do what tfltey can to prevent a conflagration. The world court leaves a safe I way out. That is the way Ireland and England should take. tt tt tt Chance to Help Peace IRELAND and England should permit this issue to be adjudicated not only for their own sakes, but for the sake of the peace movement. The peace movement can not survive many such setbacks as it has received in the Orient. It needs nothing so badly right now as a chance to demonstrate its effectiveness. Ireland and England can give it such a chance. They owe that much to humanity. tt it tt Treaty at Issue THE question of whether members of the Irish parliament j can properly refuse to take an oath of allegiance to the British king and whether payment of the land annuities can be suspended obviously rests on an interpretation of the treaty by which the Irish Free State was brought into being. Thus far no breach of contract, or act of aggression is involved. President De Valera contends that the treaty means one thing, while the British government contends that it means another. Such a dispute can. and should be i settled in a judicial manner. a tt World at Crossroads THE way in which such disputes are settled during the next few years is of vital importance to civilization. Civilization is headed for a “reign j of law” or for quick reversion to j the old order. Japan’s stubborn, aggressive attitude has done much to turn it in the latter direction. A few more such cases, and we go hurtling backward to the kaiserite conception of statecraft. Ireland and England have a great | opportunity to offset the damage j done in Manchuria and Shanghai, j as well as safeguard the peace and prosperity of their own people.

People’s Voice

Editor Times —Everybody in the middle classes these days has a plan j for the reform of society. Invariably the plans are designed to prevent the continuance or the recurrence of capitalistic crisis like the present. And invariably they are designed Ito accomplish this end without hurting a jot the interests of the planners. The primary motive behind these plans is, indeed, not the abolition of present social evils, but rather the preservation of present social classes. Did not Karl Marx analyze this motive long ag6? “A part of the bourgeoisie,” Marx wrote, “is desirous of redressing social grievances to secure the continued existence of bourgeois society. “To this section belong economists, philanthropists, humanitarians, improvers of the condition of the working class, organizers of charity, members of societies for the prevention of cruelty to animals, temperance fanatics, hole-and-corner reformers of every i imaginable kind.” This class, Marx goes on to say, I “desires the existing state of soj ciety minus its revolutionary and I disintegrating elements.” In other | words, what this class wants is to j continue and perpetuate the pres- | ent system of mass exploitation, at the same time making it safe and genteel; safe, that is to say, for its own class interests. The futility of all these hopes of reform is contained in the inability of the people agitating them, first of all, to reform themselves. And : they can’t reform themselves, no matter what their private wall in j the matter, because they are in the clutch of the superior power j of economic circumstance. To perpetuate the capitalistic system. which is fundamentally what these people want, is to perpetuate the impotence of their hopes for ..reform. JOAN DAVIS.

We Might Get Him on the Amusement Tax

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Parrot Fever Is Menace to Lives

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. 'T'HE recent increase in parrot A fever, or psittacosis, in California and other western states constitutes such a menace to human health that radical measures must be taken if its spread is to be stopped. Six deaths and six other cases have been reported from California within the last few months. All persons infected, with a single exception, ' had been in contact with recently purchased parrakeets. most of them bought from itinerant bird vendors. In nearly every instance according to the report of the director of the California state department of health, at least one of the birds became ill and died before the onset of the symptoms in the human case. In one case the person who was infected with psittacosis had not

IT SEEMS TO ME by

INTERVIEWERS from high school papers have a disturbing tendency to fling the question, “Who in your opinion is the leading American dramatist?” It has been my custom to answer grudgingly and say, “I suppose I’ve got to name Eugene O’Neill.” Not since the earlier years which included “Anna Christie” have I been able to muster much enthusiasm for an author who seems to me a sort of ersatz Ibsen. The longer and more ponderous plays also contain, as far as I’m concerned, at least a little of the quality of ‘‘The Royal Nonesuch.” Any one who has spent a week-, end in watching a tragic trilogy feels that he must report favorably to friends and neighbors or be taken for a fool with time on his hands. Within the last few days I have become much bolder. Belatedly I caught up with ’’Reunion at Vienna.” It seems to me that this is the best play written by a living American, and so, as the current sprint goes, I see no reason why I should not make Robert E. Sherwood my own choice as the leading American dramatist. nan What Do You Mean, Light? I AM aware of the fact that several other plays by this same author have been pleasant and not particularly important. Indeed, the objection might be raised than I should temper my enthusiasm because “Reunion at Vienna” itself is a light comedy. We live in a world in which dramatic and literary criticism is swayed largely by the specific gravity of the work under consideration. I believe that both Dreiser and O’Neill have carried certain trenches through sheer pressure of their massed battalions of words. “God,” they may say, “must love words, since He made so many of them.” A certain grimness of visage and point of view never is a handicap when anybody is setting out to establish himself as a genius. But I’m not at all sure that “Reunion at Vienna” is a light com-

Growing of Roses Do you know the happy adventure of growing roses in your home garden? Success with roses is not hard for the amateur if a few rules are followed. Os recent years nearly everybody who pretends to have any sort of a garden, has from one to a score or more of rose bushes. Whether you already grow roses, or whether you never have, and want to start, our Washington Bureau has ready for you a comprehensive, but simply worded bulletin, written by a practical rose grower with years of experience, that will give all the information you need for success. If you want your table and your living rooms filled with beautiful roses this year, fill out the coupon below and send for this bulletin—and start the happy adventure. CLIP COUPON HERE Dept. 172, Washington Bureau, The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York Avenue, Washington, D. C. I want a copy of the bulletin ROSE GARDENS, and enclose herewith 5 cents in coin, or loose, uncancelled. United States postage stamps, to cover return postage and hadling costs: NAME ST and NO CITY STATE I am a reader of The Indianapolis Times.

i been in contact with a parrakeet, but had nursed a patient suffering I from the disease. Symptoms of the disease as it occurred in California were the same as those in psittacosis elsewhere. The person suddenly becomes ill with severe headache, fever and chills, then the whole body begins to ache, coughing begins and then there is consolidation in the lung similar to pneumonia. As the disease becomes more severe, the patient may develop delirium. Since the condition begins like influenza or pneumonia, that is the diagnosis most frequently made until the case suddenly reveals its special character. Death occurs in from one week to fourteen days in the fatal cases, and those patients who recover must undergo long convalescence because of the weakening character of the disease. Most of the parrots responsible for the outbreak in the eastern part

edy. Possibly I am not saying very much for its emotional appeal if I record the fact that it made me cry. I am, in the theater, one of the readiest of weepers. Though the notices of the critics were glowing and highly favorable, the printed reports fooled me a little as to the nature of the entertainment which I was to see. The reviews led me to believe that I was to watch a slightly farcical entertainment, in which the butt of the foolery would be a decadent archduke of the house of Hapsburg. Distinctly I got the impression that Sherwood had written a spoof on the folly of egotism. That is not the manner in which the play strikes me. The Rudolph of the play seems to me one of the most glamorous characters known to the modern theater. After all. no man is a fool when he comprehends the precise nature and dimensions of his own particular sort of folly. tt n a Apprentice and Master IT is not impossible to make some comparison between the current O’Neill play and that of Sherwood, because both authors might well set down in the program to the phrase, “With some slight acknowledgment to the labors of Dr. Sigmund Freud.” To be sure, neither tries to bootleg the newer theories of unconscious motivation into his plot. Both are frankly aware of the debt which they owe to the little man in Vienna. And so if anybody says that it is quite impossible to debate the respective merits of incest long drawn out and a single purple evening in the life of an exiled princeling, I may reply that at the very least it is feasible to compare O’Neill and Sherwood in the matter of their comprehension of the psychoanalytic theory and its ramifications. In regard to this point I do not see how anybody can fail to put Sherwood far in the lead. Both “Strange Interlude” and “Mourning Becomes Electra” are kindergarten compositions in so far as they explore the secret springs. Very probably the success of

| of the United States in 1929 came : from South America. The parrots | responsible for the present epidemic may have come in the first place from the orient. However, there now is reason to believe that domestic birds developed in California have become inj fected and that they are being shipped from California to other places. For instance, there were three cases of psittacosis in New York City with one death during October and November, 1931, and all birds j involved had come to New York from San Francisco, i In January, 1932, there was a case | in Oregon brought on by birds sent from San Francisco. The California board of public health has adopted regulations controlling importation and exportation of love birds and parrots, prohibiting importation and exportation of such birds from California for six months.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those of one of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their a ?f* cmen t or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

O’Neill lies in the fact that he has done Frued in words of one syllable. He is the pundit of those who have just ceased taking their dreams to the gypsy and begun to tell them to the doctor. # a One Citadel is Captured r ET physicians squabble as they please as to whether psychoanalysis is a science and an organic factor in modern medicine. I wouldn't know about that. But I am convinced that it is a permanent contribution to fiction and the drama. Whatever becomes of its clinical use, it has won its enduring spurs as a literary method. And so we have a right to ask the diamatic practitioners to combine both delicacy of touch with depth of discovery. When “Reunion at Vienna” was done, I felt that I knew the hero of the play completely. It is no handicap, of course, that the role vs portrayed by Alfred Lunt, who gives the finest performances to be seen hereabouts at the moment. And the moment is likely to be a long one. It is my conviction that he understands to the full the fact that here is an opportunity to do a full-length portrait. It is a play which offers many opportunities for laughter. That is not a dramatic crime, although some feel that if a thing is true it can not also be humorous. Why should that be? I am not willing to admit that the world can be seen in its entirety only by frowning folk, and I am certain that one may smile and smile and be a genius. (Coovrisht. 1532. bv The Times)

m today m r/ IS THE: sw WORLD WAR \ ANNIVERSARY

GERMAN ADVANCE CONTINUES March 24 ON .March 24, 1928, the great German drive in Picardy continued, their forces taking Ham, Peronne, Chauncy and the heights of Monchy during the day. A German dispatch said that more than 40,000 prisoners had been taken since the offensive began. The British had been pushed back as much as fifteen miles over a front of nearly sixty miles. Semi-official reports said that American and French troops in great force were being hurried to the British lines. French forces prepared to take over a sector of the widening British front. Proposals for a commander-in-chief for the Allied armies in France were considered. Paris again was bombarded by the German long-range gun, which was located in the forest of St. Gobain by French aviators. Daily Thought He that observeth the wind shall not sow: and he that regardeth the clouds shall not reap. Ecclesiastes 11:4. That destructive siren, sloth, is ever to be avoided—Horace.

-MARCH 24,1932

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

Museums Are Playing an In- \ creasingly Important Bole in the Nation’s Educational | Plan. THE entire educational wor’d is watching with interest the growth of museums in the United States and the increasingly important part which these museums ; are playing in the nation's educational system. u £ hl ! oSophy that educational shouM be “visual,” that the students should actually see the things about which they read. At the present time the nation has about 1.400 museums, of which 300 are devoted to science and industry. New museums are coming into existence in the United States at the rate of about, one a month, accordmg to Miss Aida M. Doyle, research chemist of the United States National Museum of Washington. Miss Doyle is to discuss the present trends in museums at the annual meeting of the American Chemical Society in New Orleans on March 28. “The circulation of museum specimens to schools in city areas has developed tremendously, St. Louis. Cleveland and the American Museum of Natural History leading in this connection, but possibly more than 100 American museums now do this kind of work, with the full co-operation and appreciation of city educational authorities,” Miss Dovle points out. a tt a Educational Films MISS DOYLE also praises the work being done by museums m Brooklyn, Buffalo. Charleston Chicago, Erie, Newark, Philadelphia Rochester and Trenton. She also calls attention to the use of educational films in a number of cities, including Cleveland. Chicago. New York and St. Louis. Miss Doyle is particularly interested in the use qf museum material in the teaching of chemistry. Her survey shows that chemical educators are employing museum material to an increasing extent. In this respect, she says, the pastern states lead, with the middle and western states second, and the south third. “A large number of replies to a circular request for information emanated from colleges and universities,” Miss Doyle continues. “On the other hand, an ever-increasing number is shown of museums for the public that are recognizing the importance of chemistry and its applied industries. “No subject is adapted better to experimental demonstration nor more in keeping with the spirit of the times, which demands to be ‘shown.’ “Chemistry and the chemical industries are suitable for demonstration in all science museums, including children’s and public museums, up to and through the intermediate schools to colleges, universities and may serve as a repository for research material for the trained specialist. a tt Logical Place “CJINCE many exhibits are furnished free of cost by manufacturers, and the number of colleges, universities, high schools, preparatory, church and special schools as well as of ambitious individuals requesting exhibits may become appallingly large, the logical place to put exhibits on location for the greatest good to the greatest number is in a museum. “This may serve as a nucleus of assemblage for material too scarce, too valuable, or too bulky for reported transport and can also function as a loan center for smaller exhibits suitable for schools, societies and other civic purposes,” Miss Doyle continues. ‘•Lastly, the character of museum exhibits is changing vastly. There is action, light, color, and life where formerly rows of bottles or other articles were as dead as the shelves upon which they rested, totally lacking in power to attract and instruct the type of observer or student with which we now have to deal. q museums in the United States do have the right sort of exhi bits and it is certain that others will follow speedily in a country reported to be setting the pacc ln , e use the museum as ?ifir and ri l n T Center for general scientific education, not the least part of which is chemistry.”

Questions and Answers

When should trees be pruned? ,? eneral Pining of trees other than fruit trees is discouraged, except to remove dead wood or correct faulty growth where the tree is too close to a building, or its shape is bad, or for some similar reason. Dead wood may be removed at any time. When pruning is necesary for other reasons it should be done about mid-summer How do native whites, foreignborn whites and Negro residents compare in the population of Chicago? Chicago has 2,275,674 native white, 842,057 foreign bom white and 233 - 903 Negroes. What is the meaning of the name Myra? Weeping. Can an enlisted man in the United States army marry? He must obtain permission fre his commanding officer 1 to do so. Who pitched the first game t f the 1930 world series? Grove for Philadelphia and Grimes for St. Louis. Where did the quotation “by their fruits ye shall know them originate? In the Bible, Matthew 7:16 and 20. What is the average life span of gold fish? Five years is a fair average, but they have been known to live as long as fifteen to twenty years in an ordinary fish globe. What is pumpernickel? A coarse, acid and nourishing bread made from unbolted rye. What is the population of Cleveland, O.? 900,429.