Indianapolis Times, Volume 43, Number 228, Indianapolis, Marion County, 1 February 1932 — Page 1

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JAPANESE START SMASH AT NANKING

FERVENT PLEA FOR 11. $. POOR RELIEF MADE House Bill’s Author Brands Government’s Failure to Act as ‘lnhuman.’ SENATE PLOT CHARGED Democrat Leader Believed to Be Aligned With Hoover Backers. By I nitrd Press WASHINGTON, Feb. I.—A campaign for direct federal relief for the unemployed was opened in the house today with appeals for congressional appropriations before the labor committee. Representative Huddleston (Dem., Ala.), sponsor of a bill for $100,000,000 for direct relief, described conditions in a voice that broke at one point. He said the federal government is the only agency that can cope with the situation. The committee also is considering the Costigan-La Rollette $375,000,000 relief bill, scheduled to come before the senate today in the face of determined administration opposition. - Majority Leader James E. Watson stands with President Hoover against direct federal aid. Minority Leader Joseph E. Robinson is suspected by advocates of the bill to be maneuvering to kill it. Militant minorities in both parties are demanding enactment of the Costi-gan-La Follette bill, appropriating $375,000,000 for the destitute. Sec “Burial Plot” Advocates of the bill believe Robinson’s move is designed to bury the bill so deep that it will not come to the surface again this session. Senator Costigan (Dem., Colo.), who sponsors the bill with La Follette, is ready to challenge Robinson's leadership. Back bench Democrats and Republicans believe they have upward of twenty votes for the measure, and are prepared to dispute the issue against the combined prestige of Mr. Hoover and leaders of both parties. Huddleston, pleading for his SIOO,000,000 measure, declared failure of the national government to aid the jobless “is not only a shirking of responsibility, but a lack of humanity.’’ Denounces Senators Edward S. McGrady, legislative representative of the American Federation of Labor', indorsed the La Follette-Costigan bill and denounced senators he said were attemping to block it. “When the 'senate leaders say no proof has been given of the need of this relief, they either are ignorant of the situation or they probably feel they have done their complete duty by giving a dole of $2,000,000,000 to the bankers, none of which will go to feed the starving or to buy shoes for thousands of children who can’t go to school.’’ "We have walking around the United States a million of almost dead—people on the verge of starvation," McGrady said. The federation official said that 8.300,000 people now are out of work. He multiplied by three in during families dependent on (Turn to Page Ten)

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he Indianapolis Times Cloudy and warmer tonight and Tuesday, with probably snow changing to rain Tuesday; lowest temperature tonight about 26.

VOLUME 43—NUMBER 228 • •

American Fleet in Battle Zone

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With Japanese troops invading Shanghai, the United States navy’s fleet in the Pacific is on its way to China. The top sketch shows American naval strength now in the Pacific. Rear Admiral Montgomery Taylor, upper right, is in charge of the

CHINA LEFT TO HER FATE BY POWERS

BY WILLIAM PHILIP SIMMS Scripps-Howard Foreign Editor WASHINGTON, Feb. I.—lnvaded, bombed and bayoneted, a virtually unarmed China today seemed abandoned by the rest of the world to the tender mercies of war-bent Japan. Efforts of the United States to form with Great Britain at least a United Anglo-Saxon front to head off further aggression apparently had come to naught. The feverish activities at Shanghai to safeguard the lives and property of foreigners within the international settlement, important though they are, mean little so far as the fate of China itself is concerned. Such action alw'ays is taken w'hen foreigners in Chinese treaty ports are in peril. With regard to the Sino-Japanese conflict its broader aspects, the attitude of London, Paris, Rome and other European capitals is significant. Reports indicate that unless Japan commits the folly of clashing w'ith the great powers now rushing warships and troops to Shanghai, she will be left to deal with China pretty much as she pleases. If she emerges from her Shanghai adventure without running afoul of the western powers, it

Asiatic section of the fleet which has sailed from Manila bay. Navy planes, ready to be catapulted from the deck of the flagship Houston of the Asiatic fleet, are shown at the upper left. The destroyer shown in the lower picture is the Stewart, now within 450 miles of Shanghai.

would seem that the way would be open for her to batter her way on. to Nanking, or wherever else she feels she must go in order to smash the Chinese. Continuation of the Japanese war against China would bring the world squarely up against the biggest peril it has faced in more than a century. Danger Is Greater Deserted by the western powers —sponsors of the covenant of the League of Nations, Kellogg pact and other guarantees against aggression—a bitter, disillusioned China may turn to Russia for support and guidance. Or, more ominous still, her 450,000,00 betrayed and infuriated people may run amuck, burst out spontaneously into anew Boxer movement against foreigners in general, and so pave the way for her own dismemberment. The danger is greater today than it was in 1900, w'hen America prevented Europe from tearing .China to pieces. At that time Russia, Germany, Britain and France were the ringleaders. Accepted Open Door Fearing w'ar among themselves, however, if they attempted to divide China, they accepted the “open door” and equality of opportunity doctrine of the American secretary of state, John Hay. Today there are only three great powers in the running out there— Britain, France, and Japan. Among these, division of the spoils would be easier, their spheres of interest being respectively in middle, south and north China. The tariff war, begun by the United States, adds to the danger. In a world where each nation aims to shut out the goods of the others, more territory—particularly thickly populated territory with great potential buying power—becomes increasingly worth while. WILL ‘SHORT ON SHIRTS’ Rogers, at Geneva, Urges Quick Action on Disarmament. By United Press GENEVA, Feb. I.—Will Rogers called at the headquarters of the American delegation to the disarmament conference today and talked with Senator Claude Swanson, member of the delegation. “We held the first Democratic caucus,” Rogers said. Will claimed he was running out of clean shirts and drastic action was needed.

JAPANESE BUTCHERY OF HELPLESS CHINESE APPALLS AMERICAN WITNESSES

The following trophic eye-witness account of Japanese activities durine rarfsre in Shanghai was written bv Oon King. former Washington. D. C., vnd New York newspaperman, now in China. Kinr has lired in China for manv rears, and has served as a volunteer corps policeman. BY DON KING (Coovrieht. 1932. bv United Press) SHANGHAI. Feb. l.—l have witnessed killings in the Hongkew section of Shanghai, while stationed there as a special policeman, that were so brutal as to make my blood boil. The Japanese inaugurated a reign of terror in that section in which the rifle was the arbiter of justice ao| the machine gun

INDIANAPOLIS, MONDAY, FEBRUARY 1, 1932

‘Come, Get Me’ By United Press DETROIT, Feb.. 1. —It was cold outside when police released Paul Nlynavowich, 23, from his cell at Central headquarters. Nlynavowich braved the weather an hour, then tossed a brick through a store window and patiently waited the arrival of his former captors.

VAN NIIYS OUT FOR SENATOR Announces Candidacy for Democratic Nomination. Frederick Van Nuys, former ! United States district attorney and : former state chairman, announced his candidacy today for the Demoi cratic nomination for United States senator. He is the second formally to take the field for the nomination, the other being Speaker Walter Myers. Declaring that he expected to adhere strictly to the national and state platforms. Van Nuys declared j - he expected to !§ make a statement i . H soon regarding his tey - position on several V major problems. f He served as ] - Madison county prosecuting attorney for two terms, , 1906-1910, and as i -Imk M' state senator from k Jj&& Madison county, IHi ||||f 1913-1915, serving ! Ip. JHH as floor leader the I , r latter term. Van Nuys He was elected state chairman in 1918 and in 1920 was appointed United States district attorney, serving for two years in that position. He and Mrs. Van Nuys, the forj mer Miss Marie Krug of Sullivan, : have one child, a son. TAKE PIN FROM~TUNG Surgeons Believe Local Baby Will Recover. An 18-months-old son of Joseph C. Baughman of Brooklyn, Ind., was recovering today in a Philadelphia hospital after a safety pin, lodged in the infant’s lung six weeks ago, was removed by the use of a bronchoscope. The child was rushed by train to the Pennsylvania city, after two operations at the Methodist hospital here failed.

the court of appeal, it seemed to me. They refused to permit police and regularly constituted authorities of the settlement to function. Settlement police were forced to stand by helplessly while unresisting Chinese were killed—howmany never will be known, because the, bodies have been removed. The Japanese appear intent upon cleaning the entire Chinese population of the settlement north of Soochow creek, where there has been sniping. I cite the following incident to illustrate how they are going about it: One shot was fired by a Chinese sniper in the Yiqjnity of the

CRUISER BOMBARDS CITY WITHOUT WARNING; AMERICAN WARSHIP IS PERILED; CHINESE RETURN FIRE

U. S. Fleet Is on Way to Shanghai; Hoover Holds Long Cabinet Session. STRONG PROTEST VOICED British, French and Italians Expected to Join in New Notes. By United Press WASHINGTON, Feb. L The American government was straining every resource today to protect its nationals and preserve peace in the Orient, but in the midst of this effort came the disturbing news that Japanese warships were shelling the city of Nanking. Lieutenant - Commander P. W. Rutledge, aboard the U. S. S. Simpson at Nanking, informed the navy department that the attack had been started without warning. He had been forced to move his destroyer, to take it out of the line of fire. The state department, meanwhile, prepared to make new representations to Japan for damage to American property in the international settlement. Already other representations and a formal protest are pending ir. Tokio. Protest Is Delivered Word reached Washington that Ambassador Forbes had delivered an “indignant” protest to the Tokio foreign office in behalf of the American government. There were three developments in, the situation: Secretary of State Stimson issued a formal statement explaining that the movement of American ■ warships and troops to Shanghai was solely for the purpose of protection of “American lives and property and for fulfilling our responsibilities to American citizens at Shanghai and other exposed ports on the Yangtze and elsewhere in China.” The state department instructed American Consul Cunningham at Shanghai to co-operate with a League of Nations commission in its investigation of the Shanghai situation. Rear Admiral Montgomery Meigs Taylor reported formally to the department his departure from Manila for Shanghai with seven destroyers, the cruiser Houston and a force of marines. The Thirty-first infantry regiment will leave Tuesday from Manila for Shanghai. English Envoy Aroused British Ambassador Lindsay called at the state department to discuss “something unreasonable which had happened at Shanghai.” The ambassador said he conferred with Undersecretary Castle about something at Shaighai which he thought was unreasonable and came to inquire if Castle considered it unreasonable, too. Lindsey intimated that if he he found the state department in accordance with his views new representations might be made to Japan. Japanese Ambassador Debuchi conferred with Stimson at noon. Italian Ambassador Giacomono de Martino, on instructions from Rome, informed the state department that his government will cooperate fully with the United States in the Shanghai situation. French Send Cruiser The French embassy’s counsellor called at the state department and informed this government that it is sending a cruiser to Shanghai and is making representations to Tokio against endangering French interests. Numerous conferences of officials ! were held here. President Hoover was kept informed of develop- I ments. He talked for some time at the White House with Secretary of State Stimson. Approximately 180 Americans are ! at Nanking where shelling began today, according to state department information. Tt was expected that one of the

Woosung and Tiendong roads, one block from the municipal police station. Immediately, I saw two squads y of Japanese marines, each man armed with a machine gun. go into action. A whole row of houses was riddled with bullets. Repeated bursts c' fire w r ere loosed from two sides. # * u WHEN the clatter of machine guns was stilled, Japanese marines smashed the door of a corner restaurant and dashed in as two unresisting Chinese waiters fell dead before their rifles. There /was more firing upstairs. Then three more Chinese went shuffling up the road, with then:

Today in the War Zone

Bv United Press Shanghai —Fighting breaks out anew as peace efforts fail; spreads into international settlement, where Japanese seize postoffice used by snipers. Nanking —Japanese warships start shelling city; government moves to Loyang, in central China; army remains, throwing up breastworks and digging trenches in preparation for attack. Manchuria —Japanese in sharp clash with Chinese troops defending. Harbin, next objective in former So-viet-controlled area. Tokio —American, British and Italian ambassadors in concerted verbal protest against Japan’s activities in China. Manila— Vanguard of United States army and navy reinforcements sails out of Manila bay for Shanghai; 1,000 men in Thirty-first infantry to follow on transport. Washington —President Hoover orders infantry regiment, marines and navy to Shanghai to protect American interests. London —Britain orders more troops and ships from Hongkong to reinforce defense force at Shanghai.

GLOOM HANGS OVER ARMS CONFERENCE

(Simms' Parley Story on Page *) BY WEBB MILLER United Press Staff Correspondent GENEVA, Feb. I.—Threat of war in the far east, political instability in Europe, and world-wide economic depression greeted delegates who arrived here today for the first world disarmament conference. Asa final blow to the pacific aims of the League of Nations, Chinese delegate Dr. W. W: Yen notified the league that China would '‘resist by force, in self-defense,” attacks by Japan, which he claimed were con- 1 tinuing in violation of the league covenant,' the Kellogg anti-war pact, and the nine-power treaty. It appeared, therefore, that the conference might choose between a hasty adjournment, or a prolonged session, promising meager results. Dr. Yen said in rejecting a presidential declaration, scheduled to be , read before the league council Saturday, that China was “tired of words” and wanted action. four destroyers which arrived at Shanghai Sunday would proceed to Nanking at once. Secretary of War Hurley said today that no troops would be sent to Manila—immediately—to replace the One hundred thirty-first infantry regiment ordered to Shanghai. He indicated that any movement of troops from other parts of the island to Manila would be left to the judgment of Major-General John L. Hines, commander of the Philippine department. Truce Is Ineffective. Firing at Shanghai was reported violent today and the .truce, though technically in effect, apparently had become inefficient, Consul General Cunningham at Shanghai reported to the state department. His dispatch was timed 2 p, m. Shanghai time, today. Consul General Cunningham added that every day the truce continues is of great value to settlement and defense forces, as time assists them in tranquilizing the j mass of Chinese rushing into the settlement and also those who flee from the Japanese to other sectors of the settlement. Practically every man is armed, i he said, and sniping is widespread. Firearms have replaced the propaganda circular. Sniping is directed i particularly against the Japanese, j The Japanese sector fast is being j evacuated by the Chinese. Cabinet in Conference Decision to increase the American forces now at Shanghai—l,2oo marines and two destroyers—was reached at a White House conference late Sunday. While motorists and strollers took advantage of a sunny afternoon and went about the city in holiday mood. President I Hoover called together the nation’s :

> hands held high, toward the Japa- ' nese Club, the first stop en route to the execution grounds at the Japanese school and the headquarters of the Japanese landing parties. The Japanese, with bayonets, prodded the aged, weak and wounded to move faster. And scon another parade moved up the street toward the Japanese Club. Frightened, a group c! ignorant j Chinese coolies began to scatter. J As they drifted toward the sideI walk tbs Japanese marines opened ; upon on their prisoners with machine guns. A group of settlement police l stood by, unable 4fo stop the kill-

Entered a? Second-Class Matter at Post office Indianapolis. Ind.

I League members feared the situ--5 ation in the far east vitally would affect the United States’ attitude on disarmament, especially on reduction of naval forces, upon which advocates of peace have been prepared to place special emphasis. I Germany hoped to enlist the aid Jof the United States, Britain and Italy for the German- demand that | she be allowed to increase her i armaments if other nations do not i keep their pledges to reduce them. France was believed ready to | threaten military invasion if Germany officially repudiates the armament provisions of the Versailles peace, treaty, but Germany was not expected to make categorical repudiation of the provisions. France will enter the conference with a carefully prepared program offering specific arpiament reductions in return for guarantees by all Europe, and England, of the ; European status quo. military leaders in one of the gravest conferences since World war days. For two hours Mr. Hoover sat with Secretary of State Stimson, Secretary of Navy Adams, Secretary of War Hurley, Admiral William V. Pratt, chief of naval operations; General Douglas MacArthur, chief of staff of the army; Undersecretary of State Castle, and Dr. Stanley K. Hornbeck, chief of the far east division. Japanese and Chinese officials here appeared unperturbed by the increase of American forces at Shanghai. GOLD WAVE BREAKS 26-Degree Minimum Due for City Tonight. The cold snap, which held Indianapolis nearly forty-eight hours, waned today. Temperatures were in the 20's in early hours with the forecast calling for a minimum of 26 tonight and probability of snow changing to rain Tuesday. The coldest temperature in a year was recorded Sunday morning when the mercury stood at 12. J. H. Armington, weather bureau head, gave the groundhog little possibility of seeing his shadow Tuesday and then diving into his winter home for another six weeks of bad weather. Armington said Tuesday will be mostly cloudy. ’ Hourly Temperatures 6 a. m 18 10 a. m 24 7 a. m 18 11 a. m 25 8 a. m 20 12 (noon).. 29 9 a. m 22 1 p. m 32

ings. Some of the Chinese sought refuge behind the police, only to be clubbed back into line by the ever-present “Ronins.” ana 'T'fTE Japanese waving pistols, charged into a group of American and British police to regain their prisoners. One Chinese who lagged behind i received a bayonet thrust from a marine, who stopped to wipe the | bloody blade on a convenient j sandbag. The Chinese staggered, screaming and bleeding, up the street. On Dixwell road. 1 saw a Chinese pedestrian who failed to put I his hands up fast enoug£ to suit

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Terror Reigns in Capital, Deserted by Leaders of Government. DIN OF BATTLE TERRIFIC Thousands Rush to Bomb Shelters as Death Strikes in Night. By United Press NANKING, China, Fpb. 1. —A Japanese cruiser in the Yangtze began shelling Nanking tonight, without warning. Chinese artillery ashore replied to the fire of the Japanese. The entire city was dark;cned. The city was terrified by the battle, which was continuing at midnight. Heavy artillery, naval gunnery, } and machine gun firing made a deafening and hideous uproar. Run for Bomb Shelter* i ** The city, enveloped in darkness, heard the long feared sounds of hostilities from Hsiakwan, which is the section between the longest city wall in China and the Yangtze river, where seven Japanese warships, including two cruisers, Tere anchored. With the first sound of firing, the populace ran to the fromp-prooi shelters, prepared for the emergency. They were wholly inadeuqate, having been constructed hastily in the last few' days. General Ho Ying-Ching. minister of war, w j as in command .of ','tc ; Chinese troops defending the city. I Nanking realized that the undeclared warfare had been brought to the city w'hen, with the sound of the first gun. the siren in the historic drum tower began to shriek. Centuries ago, when Nanking w r as the copital of the Ming dynasty, the same drum tower w'as used to warn the people against attack. Shelling Suddenly Stops The Japanese were shelling the city from the spot where Colonel Charles A. Lindbergh was scheduled to land on arriving in Nan- ; king last September. Lindbergh , arrived on the day the Nanking government learned the Japanese had I seized Mukden. At 12:40 a. m. Tuesday the firing | ceased. | Chinese police headquarters ref ported the Japanese ships bom- ! barded the city as a demonstration to prevent Chinese troops from i crossing the river to Pukow\ which lies directly opposite, on the read to Tientsin. Nanking is 130 miles up the Yangtze from its mouth, near which Shanghai is situated. Nanking has a population of api proximately 525,000, and there are 180 Americans there. The Americans were advised on Saturday to ; be ready to get out of the city on | tw'o hours’ notice. In addition to the Japanese ships, the following vessels are at Nanking: British, one Yangtze river gunboat and the fleet sloop Bridgewater; American, the destroyer Simpson; Chinese, two protected cruisers, six river gunboats and four torpedo boats. • Clash in Manchuria ; By United Press CHANGCHUNG, Manchuria, Feb. ; I.—Heavy fighting between Japanese and Chinese troops in Japan’s 1 offensive against Harbin broke out . at Saichakow today. Casualties included thirty Japanese dead, reports said. The Japanese statistics said 500 Chinese were slain. The battle occurred forty miles south of Harbin, when forces under General Hasebe, leading the Japanese expeditionary troops on Harbin, clashed with troops loyal to General Ting Chow, Chinese commander.

a challenging Japanese marine. ‘ The Chinese, whose meager worldi ly belongings could be carried in a sack across his back, was ripped . by a Japenese bayonet and tossed j to the roadside An American living nearby telephoned for an ambulance. The 3 marine refused to let the wounded man bt taken to a hospital He lay moaning in the rain for an hour before he was removed. The result: To step across Soochow creek, a little stream separating the Hongkew section, heart f the troubled international set■ment. from the business disct of the great city, is to step 1 oack thousands of years to primi- • five days.

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