Indianapolis Times, Volume 43, Number 212, Indianapolis, Marion County, 13 January 1932 — Page 4

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S t * t P P J - M O*V AM t>

Utility Burdens With wages falling, more men out of work, the prices of all other products In the cellar, the utilities of this city maintain the sc* prices and burden the citizen with an inevitable tax that is no longer tolerable. The petitions of the city and the south side civic clubs for relief in the matter of rates for electricity ana water are still in the compromise stage. So far that has meant a threat of the water company to raise its rates and a smirk from the electric company that it can not be caught in its little holding company tricks to take exorbitant profits out of its operations. The amount of money taken from this city in the most prosperous days was unconscionable. In times when every citizen and every business is looking for relief, that iltuation can only be described as criminal in its exactions. The utilities have very successfully evaded any legislation in the past few years which would give the people a chance for even a semblance of justice. The real barrier to regulation comes through the defeat of measures that would place the holding companies for utiilties under public scrutiny. Through these holding companies the transactions of the companies are hidden and disguised. Even were the members of the public service commission eager to protect the people they would find the task difficult. Lacking eagerness or, apparently even a willingness, to secure justice, the w'hole system of regulation has become a farce. Rather a fence for the loot of those who understand how to capitalize the necessities of the public. The tax by the public utilities in this city is a greater burden than the tax by organized government. It. is larger in amount and more imperative in payment. Failure to pay taxes can only mean a loss of property after months of delay. Failure to pay utility bills may mean the loss of life itself, for the people must have water and heat and light in order to live. It is to be hoped that next fall the attention of the public will not be so completely centered on the presidency and governorship as to ignore the necessity of electing legislators who can not be bullied, bribed or flattered by the utilities into the same servility which past legislatures have shown to these interests. Inviting Disaster Efforts on the part of those still comfortable to prevent a special session of the legislature can only be construed as an invitation to disaster. The cold fact stands out that the farmers of this state arc in distress in the matter of taxation and that the state will be in distress when the time comes for another tax collection. Delinquencies in tax collections are forcing the problem to the fore as emphatically as the farmers have presented it in petitions. Hesitation on the part of politicians about the matter is understandable. They do not wish to take a stand with an election so near at hand. They fear the people may remember in November any delinquencies of their own in February or March. Quite as distressed as the farmer is the jobless worker in many parts of the state. The plight of the miner has been brought to the attention of the national government, and as far as he is concerned in Indiana local charity has failed. The Red Cross is promising to care for these citizens of the state who can not longer be dismissed with the curt statement that they have been out of work so long that they have become inured to privation and to poverty. Any session of the legislature, regular or special, which fails to take some measures to give work to the workless would be useless.

Holmes’ Successor The best tribute that can be paid to Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes is to name as his successor on the supreme court a jurist of the Holmes type. There are not many men whose names can be linked with that of the great Holmes. The one usually mentioned by eminent lawyers and judges is Chief Judge Benjamin N. Cardozo of the New York court of appeals. His reputation is international. For seventeen years he has served on the New York high courts. He has the regard of both political parties. Many universities, such as Harvard, Yale, Columbia, Michigan and New York, have given him honorary degrees. His book, ‘ Nature of the Judicial Process/’ generally is regarded as having had deeper influence upon the American judiciary than any other work published in the twentieth century. President Hoover is said to recognize Judge Cardozo's unique qualifications as Holmes’ successor. The President is described, however, as hesitant about appointing a third supreme court member from New York state —in addition to Hughes and Stone. Surely geographical accident should not be allowed to determine such an important decision. There is a precedent for naming a third member from one state —Taft was appointed despite the membership of Clark and Day from Ohio. But precedent is not vital. The object should be to get the best man for the place. It may be assumed that the President is under political pressure to name a second-rate man to improve Republican prospects in some state, just as Assistant Secretary of the Interior Dixon two years ago urged him to appoint Judge Parker as “a major political stroke.” But it is to be hoped that the seven weeks’ fight and revelation of White House intrigue which finally led the senate to reject Hoover's nomination of Parker will discourage any further effort by the President to stack the court with unfit candidates. “Under our form of government,” declared President Roosevelt, “no other body of men occupy a position of such far-reaching importance as the justice of the supreme court.” The supreme court is more powerful than the President and congress; it can and does restrict; the power of the President, it can and does unmake the laws of congress and in effect make new laws of its own. Therefore, the most important decision made by a President is his choice of members of the supreme com< President Hoover should choose from among men whose qualifioitions are above question—if not Judge Cardozo, then some other man of real caliber and eminence. Facing the Realities Withm the last few weeks, as our national thought relates to strictly domestic affairs, we have begun to face realities. We have emerged from the juet-arouud-the-

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corner stage of illusion and have begun to do something about our predicament. Progress of the reconstruction corporation and other measures for relief of the economic paralysis definitely has tagged as ‘‘done for” the wait-and-hope method of treating our ailments. But as Europe relates to our predicament, our vision still is blurred with half-truths, catch-phrases and wishes that are substitutes for thoughts. The foreign realities are these: Germany has declared she can't pay her reparations. Public sentiment in France and England says: “No reparations, no payment of war debts.” Which is putting up to us, whether we like it or not, the next move. What will that move be? Will we go to war and try to collect? Or will we take anew look at the European situation, in light of the facts prevailing, and join in such adjustment as may seem sensible, trimming to what our debtors can afford to pay, or admitting, if necessary. that you can’t get b.ood out of a turnip? That choice is what Uncle Sam is up against. And the sooner he decides, the quicker he will begin to get somewhere out of the maze he now is in. This nation won’t go to war to collect eleven billion dollars. That is unthinkable, in view of our national sentiment for peace. Therefore, there is just one alternative—joining in anew and open-minded discussion with our debtors. In that discussion we should find out how much we can collect on the dollar, and we also should see that disarmament is made a condition preliminary to whatever concessions we agree to make. Oliver Wendell Holmes The trained military man, when he hears the call | of duty, obeys without hesitation and without question. In this tradition, Oliver Wendell Holmes has resigned from the supreme court, because “the condi- ! tion of my health makes it a duty to break off con- j nections that I can not leave without deep regret.” i The gallant old fighter, who has resisted so long ! the marauder, old age, says now “the time has come j and I bow to the inevitable.” This is the sort of surrender a brave man makes when he must. And before Holmes was a great jurist, he was a distinguished fighting man, and a philosopher. “The universe has in it more than we under- j stand,” he said once, “ . . . the private soldiers have not been told the plan of the campaign or even that ] there is one . . . we shall still fight.” He has done that. And now, though the flesh is failing him, the indomitable spirit, whose essential quality always has been the fire of youth, shines as brightly as ever and will shine as long as records of the United States supreme court are preserved for men to read. For Holmes was no exponent of a rigid, fixed jurisprudence, but taught the living doctrine of movement, experiment, readiness to test new ideas; and the flame of such a spirit burns on forever. So while the supreme court is losing one of the greatest judges ever to serve upon it, the wisdom, the tolerance, that this judge has taught us, so quietly and so tellingly through the last fifty-one years, remain deeply engraved in the laws, and in the minds and hearts of Americans, where they will not perish. T ■ The Sanctity of Judges The recent assertions of judicial autocracy by Judge Prewitt in Kentucky and Judge Robertson in Virginia bring to mind the interesting comment by Dr. Alice Hamilton on the exclusive prerogative claimed by the judiciary, in her article in Harper’s: “Doubtless in the early days of the Massachusetts bay colony, the clergy held as authoritative a place as the judges, but long ago they descended to the level of the common man, and the doctors never have been anywhere else. “It is the judges who form our present-day hierarchy, who constitute a class apart. We are told to believe that, by the mystic laying on of hands, a passionately partisan prosecuting attorney, demanding the death penalty for all and sundry, is transformed into a calm, detached dispenser of impersonal justice, and all in the twinkling of an eye. “It is judges alone against whom lese majeste is a crime. One may revile the President of the United States with impunity, one may utter blasphemies against the Most High without even attracting attention, but if one is bold enough to protest against an abusive tirade by a judge, one may have to expiate it in prison. “This is another of the quaint, old-fashioned ideas still held by legal men.” A Canadian gypsy asked police to find his daugh-ter-in-law, for whom he had paid $2,500 and who had been kidnaped. Tough break, what with the depression and all.

Just Every Day Sense BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

THE most joyous message of the new year comes from the psychological squad, which now announces that it is all right for mother to kiss the baby. I suspect most of us paid slight attention to the opposition at any time, since the chief compension of having a baby is that it provides you with something deliciously sweet to kiss. It is interesting and significant to observe how the gentlemen who posed as scientific child raisers have changed their tunes in the last few years. Most of them have discovered that their theories are not -so good, after all. Somehow the children are just about like they have always been. And when we consider the many and varied schools for infant upbringing, we can’t help but feel a little sorry for the kids, who have somehow become children no longer, übt mere subjects for experimentation. n n n LET us look for a moment, for instance, at Lincoln Steffens, who became the father of a son after he was past 50. He has publicly and in print taken complete charge of the child and announces that he is going to upset all precedents. He figures that mothers are no good at all for looking after babies. And he proceeds upon the theory that all illusions must be taken from the child. He treats him exactly as if he were an individual of 40 or thereabouts. He debunked the tale of Santa Glaus as soon as the infant could understand what he was getting at. And he believes without a doubt that his son anil be an unusual person. Doubtless he will be. But it must be quite as bad for children to be reared without any illusions at all as to be burdened with too many, because the philosophical attitude is only attained by years of living. An infant, cast into existence and permitted no shred of fairy lore with which to sustain his inner imaginative self, must feel utterly forlorn and lost in a world of grown-ups. It seems to me a crime to take from childhood any of the credulous and utter happiness natural to that period.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

The Financial Record of the Average American City Is Disgraceful. Cheap, Irresponsible Politics Largely Is to Blame. NEW YORK. Jan. 13.—The controversy now going on between Mayor Walker and the bankers of j New York City represents a counI try-wide difference in viewpoint. With tax collectors to back them j up, politicians appear to have the j idea that they can do most anyi thing. Bankers, on the other hand, have learned how foolish this is from : their experience with foreign | securities. There were tax collectors in , Brazil, Peru, Bolivia and Germany, but it didn’t seem to help much. Also there were tax collectors in Chicago, but the school teachers of that city have received only six weeks’ pay during the last seven months. u n n Blind Politicians PHILADELPHIA, Chicago, New York—in trouble because of the mismanagement of their fiscal affairs. The reason is obvious. In none of them did the administration attempt to reduce expenditures in accordance with the reduced capacity to pay. Business had slumped, factories had closed, hotels had gone into the hands of receivers, mortgages on homes and apartment houses had I been foreclosed and hundreds of ! thousands of people had been j thrown out of work, but the polii ticians persisted in the notion that they could carry on as usual. p tt Selfish Grandstanding IN nine cases out of ten, this grandstanding against wage cuts for public employes is merely a smoke screen to save fat salaries. Mayor Walker says that there would be little economy in reducing a few big pay checks. Perhaps j not, but it would set a good ex- 1 ample. At any rate, something of the sort will to be done. Public administration can not evade the necessity of getting in line with private enterprise. We can not hope to get all the relief that is needed, or anything like it, through breadlines and soup kitchens. it tt it Need Action Now THE question confronting our cities, towns and states, as well as the federal government itself, is not what might be done if and when, but what must be done right off. Private enterprise has suffered a continuous decline for more than two years. The national income has shriveled by at least 25 per cent if not more. Taxes represent about the only item in the cost of living which has increased. You can buy food, clothing, houses and land cheaper than you could buy in 1929. Only the tax bill has gone up. Something is wrong when we can get quicker and more effective relief out of every institution in this j country than from the various ! branches of its government. tt tt tt Cities in Disgrace UNDER ordinary circumstances, such a situation could be met by borrowing, but most of our municipalities have exhausted their credit. Last month, the great city of Philadelphia had to stand, hat in hand, and agree to humiliating terms in order to borrow a measly $2,000,000. Chicago, second city in this country, and fifth in the world, can’t borrow anything. - The financial record of the average American city is disgraceful. Unscientific management through a reign of cheap, irresponsible politics furnishes a large part of the explanation. tt tt tt Milwaukee’s Example MILWAUKEE stands forth as a shining exception to the general confusion. Thanks to a Socialist element which forced old-time politicians to forget and forego the usual cha ter, Milwaukee has been able to approach her fiscal problems in a purposeful way, substituting expert accountants for spellbinders and formulating financial plans instead of political platforms.

Questions and Answers

Who was Secretary of War during the McKinley administration who was blamed for the “embalmed*’ beef applied to the army? Russell A. Alger. When did Washington Irving die? Nov. 28, 1859. What was the name of the automobile that was first sold commercially in the United States? When was the first Ford automobile sold? The first was a Winton, fold April 1, 1898. The first automobile was manufactured by the Ford Motor Company in the early part of July, 1903. WTio is the president of Columbia university, New York? Nicholas Murray Butler. How much of an iceberg usually is above the water? About one-seventh. Who was the author of these lines: "Man’s love is of man’s life a thinanart. ’Tis’ woman’s whole existence?’’ Lord Byron in “Don Juan.’’ Why are the shores of the Strait of Dover called chalk cliffs? Because they consist of chalk. How many acres of forest reserves are there in the United States and Alaska? Approximately 159.000.000. Where is the American Museum of National History? In New York. What is the distance from New York to Los Angeles through the Panama canal? It is 5,677 statute miles.

And so the Public Pays and Pays ( we can't. > * ? J DONT YOU ses / '\ / • W..T J \ | / -R.o,t?eßo-

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Glands Have Relation to Weight

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hvseia, the Health Magazine, TT'ROM the point of view of nutrition, it is well to recognize that we are not all built alike. Members of some families are naturally thin and those of others are naturally fat. Apparently this distribution of fat in the body and this accumulation of fat is associated with glandular activity. Three groups of glands are especially important in relationship to diet—the thyroid gland, the pituitary, and the sex glands. Overactivity or underactivity of these glands is associated with a

IT SEEMS TO ME

FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT has issued hys opening invitation to the voters of America in the form of a message to the legislature of New York state. And it seems to me that the banquet to which he bids us is merely a meal ox parsnips and fine words. To be sure, there is a little chestnut stuffing. Though it is true that fine words do not butter parsnips, they may contrive to make them seem more succulent. That is, until one gets his teeth into the roots. Governor Roosevelt always has been a felicitous phrase maker. He gave to national politics “the happy -warrior.” It was not the fault of Roosevelt’s oratory that his man went down before the low punches delivered by the partisans of Herbert of the hair shirt. Mr. Hoover is himself a phrase maker. In fact, it has been said that a phrase from Sir Herbert is a phrase indeed'. tt tt tt The Choice of Hobson AND there is another adage which states that it is not a good thing to swap orators while crossing a stream. If the choice next November lies between Herbert Hoover and Franklin D. Roosevelt, it will be rather more a Tweedledum and Tweedledee debate than usual. The major parties of America being what they are, that's is saying a good deal. Like President Hoover, the New York Governor is fond of launching a noble sentiment and then scuttling it with a shot below the waterline. I cite from the Roosevelt message: “Let us not seek merely to restore. Let us restore and at the same time remodel. To those millions who now starve we owe a duty as sacred as to those thousands who died in France —to see to it that this shall not come again. This is the duty of all of us —leaders in business, finance, agriculture, labor and government.” That is a very radical statement. I could toss my hat into the air a mile upon hearing that. But before it came down I would want it back, for while the hat was soaring up to the blue sky Franklin Roosevelt would be back to earth again with: “We should not seek in any way to destroy or tear down —except to replace unsound materials with new. The American system of economics and government is everlasting.” In other words Franklin D. Roosevelt wants to keep on doing business at the old stand and merely put a little more varnish on the counter. nan What Is Everlasting? OF course, when anybody says that the American system of government is everlasting, I don’t know quite what he means unless he defines his terms. In any case, ever- ; lasting is a very big word, but if the speaker means that he has complete faith in the potentialities of democratic processes I will testify to a similar adherence. But sometimes people mean that it is unpatriotic tc oppose prohibition. And very often they mean that any protest against the supreme court and its practices is high treason. People who talk of the American system of government! seem to forget that the Constitution j itself has provided the mechanism

tendency to excessive thinness or to definite overweight. When the thyroid gland is overactive, the heart beats faster, and food taken into the body is burned up so rapidly that there is a reduction in weight, even though more food than the average is eaten. If on the other hand the thyroid gland is underactive, the opposite condition results. When the pituitary gland is underactive from birth on, the human being will tend to be short rather than tall and to put on weight. The fat in such cases is distributed over the body, especially in the upper arms and thighs and about the chest and abdomen. The hands and feet may remain rather small. It has been well established that

through which the entire document could be scrapped. And if your faith lies in democracy, you should be willing to admit that our present system of government inhibits it in many ways. Just to specify a single instance, it can hardly be called democratic to provide two votes in the senate for tiny Nevada and the same number for populous states like New York and Illinois. But when Franklin D. Roosevelt says that the American syste nos economics is everlasting his meaning is quite clear. He stands, then, precisely beside President Hoover in supporting that sort of competitive industrialism which is best known to us as “rugged individualism.” n n n It Always Has Happened A ND since he believes that, Governor Roosevelt has no earthly right to promise the dispossessed, the hungry, and the starving that this thing will never happen again. Nothing is more characteristic of the American economic system than periodic years of depression and panic. One need not be a radical to make this statement. It has been made again and again by conservative leaders. In fact, I have listened to prominent Republicans exclaim almost with a note of “President Hoover has nothing to do with the depression. That was bound to occur in any case.” Senator Morrow made a speech the year before his death in which he defended the administration by giving a history of panic periods in America from the War of 1812 M TODAY 4$ WORLD WAR \ ANNIVERSARY BIG SUBMARINE LOSSES January 13 ON Jan. 13, 1918, a checkup disclosed that eighty-seven British ships had been sunk in the German U-boat campaign in the five weeks previous. Os this number, sixty-seven were ships of over 1,600 tons. Twelve were ships of under 1,600 tons, and eight were fishing vessels. In the week ended Jan. 13 six vessels over 1.60 Q tons, two under 1,600 tons, and two fishing vessels had been sunk by submarines. In the same weeks, five French vessels and two Italian vessels were sunk. While submarines were taking this heavy toll, the Russian Black sea fleet at Sebastopol mutinied. Four admirals and fifty-six other officers were slain. i

Daily Thought

But he forsook the counsel of the old men, which they had given him, and consulted with the 1 young men that were grown up with him, and which stood before him.—l Kings 12:8. Necessity is the only successful adviser,—Charles Reade.

people who are of normal weight are less likely than those who are definitely underweight or overweight to develop certain diseases. Tuberculosis and certain other infections attack many people who are in a severe state of undernutrition. Such people also are likely to have a nervous breakdown, and they may suffer with disturbances of digestion due to a lack of support of the abdominal organs by normal padding of fat. Those who long have been overweight seem to be more susceptible to diabetes than those who are underweight, and there also is a definite association of overweight with breaking down of the circulation and of the action of the kidneys.

DV HEYWOOD BROUN

down to the present day. The phenomena existed from the start. And Mr. Morrow admitted" that the cycles of unemployment had become more frequent with the development of industrialism. He offered a remedy, but it was entirely a negative one. Instead of any sort of government action he suggested faith, hope, and courage. It is true that Franklin Roosevelt has expressed desire for “remodeling.” That is a little vague. It is peculiarly vague coming from a. gentleman who asserts a belief in the sanctity of our economic system. I would much prefer to intrust the task of revision to somebody who does not approach the job on his hands and knees. I Copyright, 1932. by The Timesi | People’s Voice Editor Times—Our lawmakers simply are turning their brains over for a solution to this great problem before us. They don’t seem to know that it is an evil wrought by their own hands, and that an evil measure can not be used to correct an evil work. Suppose we turn to the Holy Scripture for a solution. We read in Genesis 47, 23:24, where, in time of great want, that the pharoah took over the land and gave the people their seed and four-fifths of the increase. How long would we have to stand in the bread line if the ruling class gave us four-fifths of our increase? This is the Lord's way of doing things, and, just as sure as God’s word is true, we are going to live according to his word again, or not live at all, and that the time is not far off, or else prophecy is wrong. EVERETT PEARCE. Editor Times—l have lived in Indiana twelve years and when I moved here from Illinois I sure thought I had moved to a better place to live, but after living here a while in one c t the richest states of the Union, 1 think I have cause to complain, first, as rich as this state is, why haven’t we an old age pension instead of the county poor

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Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those of one of America’s most interest in r writers and are nresented without rceard to their aereement or disaereement with the editorial attitude of this nancr.—The Editor.

JAN. 13, 1932

SCIENCE ! BY DAVID DIETZ Architecture in Cities Improves in 1931, Planning Authority Says; Cites Nero York, Philadelphia, Cincinnati for Progress. SCIENCE and social science made notable gains in the field of ar- | chitecture during 1931 through the I extension of architectural control based on sound artistic, engineerJ ing and sociological considerations. This is pointed out in a summary j of the year’s progress by Charles H. Cheney of Los Angeles, chairman ! of the committee cn city and re- ; gional planning of the American I Institute of Architects. New York. Philadelphia and Cin* i cinnati come in for special praise in Cheney’s report. ! The most notable planning aavance of the year, Cheney says, is j found in the regional plans adopted J for the New York and Philadelphia districts after several years of study. Westchester county, New York, is said to present “the most remarki ably finished and most beautiful I parks and parkways developed durj ing the year.” The work in West--1 Chester is characterized as “one of the notable achievements in Amer- ; ica.” Cincinnati is singled out for praise in city planning, the report saying that “few places in the country can , show as well organized and con- ! sistent city planning progress as j that of Cincinnati and the surI rounding Hamilton county.” tt tt a Meeting Depression THE value of adequate city planning made itself apparent in : 1931 when cities rushed building programs as a means of meeting the depression. Cheney says. “Never, as in 1931, has practical planning been of such conspicuous use to the United States,” Cheney j continues. j “Fortunate, indeed, was the city, j county or region of the United | States which had its master plan I far enough completed to be used as a guide for the millions of dollars of public funds now being hastily expended by public bodies for relief during the depression. “For unemployment must be met. and sound municipal policy should I encourage public works at such a j time. “It is to the credit of the country ; that so large a proportion of the I bond issues and money spent dur|ing the past year and to be spent in the coming year will conform to well-thought out and comprehensive city and regional plans. “Os great significance also to the country is the increasing interest on the part of city pleasure generally in good architecture. “Planning boards arc at last beginning to take steps to conserve existing monuments and examples of fine buildings, both public and private. Architectural control is slowly but surely gaining attention.” B tt tt Example for Nation WASHINGTON, the nation’s capital, is an example which j every city in the United States j should follow, according to Cheney. He says that it points the way ; to what must be done in all Amerj ican cities to insure reasonable decency of design. "With only 10 per cent of the buildings on the average in our cities designed by architects or others with any training,” he adds, “we shall continue to be smothered and depreciated by ugly off-color structures until we set up in each city an architectural board with power to pass on plans before the I structures are erected. “The public has just as much right to be protected from the builder who Is careless in design and color as from the one who erects a weak or unsafe structure.” More than a hundred new cities, towns or villages are listed as having adopted partial or complete zoning ordinances duripg the past year. Peacemeal zoning by counties, that is establishment of limited building use zones in the parts of I the county desiring it, is reported from a number of states, particularly from California, where every county is now required by law to have a county planning board. Most of these zoning ordinances, however, are called very loose affairs. Only about 15 or 20 percent of them have been drawn with the help of a trained city planner. What does status quo mean? The existing state of things at any given date. ———— 1 What is Marie Prevost’s real name? Marie Bickford Dunn. farm, which I understand costs more per man than a pension would. Then, when I see old couples, like I did today, both old and living on charity, both helpless and her blind, and one of the rent companies ready to put them out if their rent isn’t paid, burning charity coal and eating charity food, it looks to me that in that case we should have another and better way to take care of them. They both said they would rather starve than go to the county poor farm, and be separated for the rest of their lives. So please tell the people of Indiana that I for one, want an old age pension. P. S. THOMAS.