Indianapolis Times, Volume 43, Number 202, Indianapolis, Marion County, 1 January 1932 — Page 6

PAGE 6

SCRIPPS-HOWARD

A Shift of Captains Changes in the leadership of political parties are important to the public only if those changes also mean change in policy, purpose or controlling influence. The Republican party in this state has a new chairman, and independent voters are entitled to ask whether this indicates any proposal to reform the party or merely to make it more useful to forces which have found it the convenient instrument for their private purposes. In the past the chairman of that party has never been able to rank much higher than captain in the G. O. P. army. The orders cane from above, generally from those who were not in the limelight. The party, as a whole, has been generally amenable to suggestion from the utility interests of the state. It has stood for Big Business. It could be depended upon to protect those who contributed to its coffers against any progressive measures in legislatures or any progressive action by its succession of governors. It is possible, of course, but not probable, that Senator Watson, whose political fortunes are most at stake, has decided that the chances for success would be improved by changing the record on the phonograph so that occasionally there would come a whisper that represented the farmer, the small home owner, the worker. Moie probably he believed that there was need of someone who would be more completely trusted by the same old forces to carry through their plans and not be moved by any clamor of distressed groups. The test of the new chairman will come when he gives advice to the Governor, elected by the party he now leads, on the question of an extra session of the legislature as demanded by farmers and workers. Certainly he can not hope to obtain public confidence by silence on this rather important question.

Throwing Away Money A committee on Capitol Hill hears that people are starving. From the White House issues a denunciation of the "dole.” To senators and representatives, and to members of the press galleries is distributed an elaborate book, published at the government printing office, on "Conservation in the Department of the Interior.” Written by Secretary Wilbur in collaboration with the press agent of his department, the illustrated volume (which may be purchased for $1) undoubtedly is interesting. But its usefulness is highly questionable. When there are other and vastly cheaper ways of publicizing conservation work of the department--if it must be publicized--the printing of this bock and its free distribution in Washington is a glaring example of wasting federal funds. Vice-President Curtis says: ‘‘Since I have been in congress I have advocated the cutting out of duplications in departments and the printing of useless and extravagant government publications, thousands of which are issued every year, and get no further than the document rooms of congress.” The fine, new 252-page book from the interior department certainly comes in this category, as does the equally elaborate Muscle Shoals volume (price $1.65). just published by the Hoover commission.

A Free Press

(The following editorial appeared yesterday in the Knoxville News-Sentinel, a Scrlpps-Howard newspaper, in comment on recent bizarre judicial happenings at Mt. Sterling, Ky., where a number of miners are on trial charged with conspiracy to murder.) Judge Henry R. Prewitt of the circuit court in Mt. Sterling, Ky., has released John T. Moutoux of a thoroughly absurd contempt of court citation. He has stipulated that the News-Sentinel apologize for and correct "such asserted attacks allegedly published by it” before a representative of this newspaper can remain in the courtroom. The News-Sentinel now is represented in the court room by both the United Press and the Associated Press. It has no apology to make. When informed last night of Moutoux' citation for contempt, the News-Sentinel arranged for Moutoux to be defended fully from the charge. Baker, Hostetler, Sidlo & Patterson of Cleveland were employed. Of this firm, Thomas L. Sidlo is general counsel for the Scripps-Howard newspapers and Newton D. Baker, former secretary of war, is senior member. W. H. Townsend of the Lexington (Ky.) bar was retained to ask for a continuance of the contempt proceedings until proper defense could be made to the charge. Moutoux’ personal liberty was of great importance to us, but the issue raised by Judge Prewitt's action was one of paramount importance to the nation--freedom of the press. The issue is fundamental. First of the ten original amendments to the Constitution of the United States, composing the Bill of Rights, says: “The congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech or of the press or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and to petition the government for redress of grievances.” This was not a provision to protect newspapers alone. It was written into the Constitution to protect all the people of the nation and assure them free communication of ideas. Thomas Jefferson declared: "Our liberty depends upon the freedom of the press and that can not be limited without being lost.” The News-Sentinel editorial to which Judge Prewitt objects was captioned. "The Jones Verdict," and was printed after the conviction of W. B. Jones, secretary of the United Mine Workers of America, in Harlan county, Kentucky. It first quoted from an account of the arguments of the prosecution to the jury as follows: With an admonition by the commonwealth attorney, W. C. Hamilton, 'Not to let the American flag surrender to the Red flag,’ the fate of W. B. Jones, mine union organizer, was placed in the hands of the jury Wednesday afternoon. "Hamilton devoted more than a third of his hour and a half speech to a denunciation of the I. W. W. and the Communists. There was no proof in the trial that Jones belonged to either organization. ‘The trail of the slimy serpent leads from Ohio to Black mountain,' Hamilton began, referring to the fact that Jones came from Ohio to Black mountain. "Hamilton pointed out that the United Mine Workers’ oath fails to say in the name of Almighty God. but says, instead, ‘In the name of each other.’ ‘I wish they had,’ he added. "Emphasizing the importance of the verdict, the commonwealth attorney said: 'In Russia they will read the fate of this man and if you turn him loose there will be celebrations in thousands of places and in Moscow the red flag will be raised higher.’ “The commonwealth attorney condemned Jones

The Indianapolis Times (A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER) Owned and published daily (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Co., 214-220 West Maryland Street, Indianapolis, Ind. Price in Marion County, 2 cents a copy; elsewhere, 3 cents--delivered by carrier, 12 cents a week. Mail subscription rates in Indiana, $3 a year; outside of BOYD GURLEY, ROY W. HOWARD, EARL D. BAKER, Editor President Business Manager PHONE--Riley 5551 FRIDAY, Jan. 1, 1932. Member of United Press, Scripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

for using an American flag in the parade of miners from Evarts to Disney, early in the disturbances. “ ‘He carried an American flag in his hand, but the red flag of the I. W. W. was in his heart.’ ‘Before Saturday night you will know what I am saying will materialize,’ he said, "in Pineville or Harlan there will be a celebration of reds and property will have no more value than human life is regarded there now.’ ” The editorial then commented: "The organization to which Jones belonged is affiliated with the American Federation of Labor. Scores of members of sister organizations live in Knoxville. Indeed, our mayor, John O'Connor, is a union man. But whether or not Jones had radical inclinations is beside the point. "This fact is important: There is no fair-minded man who has followed the Jones trial who can help wondering in his own mind whether the Harlan county labor leader was convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment for murder or for being a labor leader. ‘‘So long as our courts permit themselves to be a stage for the tirades of political and social prejudice, they will not obtain the full confidence of those who believe in even-minded justice. Perhaps the supreme court of Kentucky will upset this verdict. If it does not, the fight for a fairer trial or for Jones’ freedom will go on until it is won or he dies in the penitentiary.” The News-Sentinel does not intend to surrender its right freely to report and comment upon judicial procedure in Jude Prewitt’s court or any other court. To do so would be surrendering a right of the people to a free, fearless press. Judge Prewitt notified Moutoux of the contempt citation hastily when he arrived in the courtroom yesterday. After a night’s thought, he held that there was no contempt by Moutoux and dismissed his charge against the reporter very properly. The News-Sentinel now has two representatives at the trial in Mt. Sterling and it will give complete news reports of the happenings there. It will continue to comment editorially in accordance with the rights bestowed by the Constitution of the United States. In this case, as in any other, the principle of the freedom of the press is and will be a chief concern of the News-Sentinel.

Another Year The new year starts with a problem more vexing than any other which this nation has been called to solve. That problem is giving the millions of men now out of work the chance to earn their own living and to earn support for their families. When American sovereignty was challenged in the World war, the answer was to protect that sovereignty by all the resources of the nation. When secession threatened the integrity of the nation and the decision was between compulsory solidarity or dissolution, the clashing forces were separated by geographical lines and the conflict that followed was between localities. The problem of unemployment offers no such clear line of demarcation between the job holders and the jobless. All that is clear is that this country is rich in natural resources, rich in mechanical equipment, rich in man power and that for some reason, the men, the machine, the material, are not being permitted to function for the production of the things that support life and make it more comfortable. It is the boast of the year 1931 that suffering because of unemployment was reduced to a minimum and that distress found relief through the contributions of those in comfortable circumstances. Those who had jobs gave generously. But the giving has only alleviated the pain. It did not reach the disease. The final answer to unemployment is work. That is the answer which this year must find. In finding that solution, it may be necessary to change our methods of thinking and some of our methods of business. It may be necessary to let imagination find new wants to be filled by those whose demand today is the chance to do something and not to live in idleness or on charity. The financial brains that developed plans for carrying on great wars, that built skyscrapers and railroads and great factories, should be able to solve the financial details of the greater plan for restoring to social usage the labor of seven or eight millions of men and women whose products are needed and can be useful. Two years ago the Eagles lodge put the problem in the challenge, "It is the inalienable right of every American citizen to work and to work at a saving wage.” Today, aside from the fundamental justice of the right of those who inhabit the globe to live independently, aside from the traditional boast of the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, the great truth is dawning that it is unprofitable to have unemployment.

Just Every Day Sense BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

A NEW YORK gentleman wants to know whether I believe my own statements. Well, I generally do, at least until the day after tomorrow, when I am likely to change my mind. This particular query was raised because of a line which appeared here previously. It went like this; "The wife gets the lion's share of the love and the cash.” And I'll stick to that remark. The Manhattan male maligner may think that the ladies of easy virtue get all the breaks in life. He is entitled to that opinion. But my contention is that the wife still is sitting pretty. By listening too long to such pessimistic prophecies as his, or by going too often to the Follies, she may fall into the usual mental error and fly off at a tangent, thus spoiling the marital works. But, if she keeps her head and holds fast to her original design of being a fair mate in all kinds of weather, she'll eventually find herself the life insurance beneficiary. # # # IN nine cases out of ten, provided the husband lives long enough, and she's a good scout, she'll also discover that she has become the object of an affection that is much more dependable than the transient passions of youth or the flibberty jibberty affairs that often pass for love. Sometimes our wisecracking babies, who seem to put halters on the men with the utmost ease, are not so successful as appearances advertise. The trouble is that we can’t see the individual because of the crowds. But just keep your eye long enough on one husband, one wife, and one gold-digger, and you’ll see what I mean. The interloper may appear to hold all the tricks in the game, but by skillful finessing the wife can always win the rubber. For the decencies do pay. And they pay especially well when there is so much indecency to which we may contrast their splendor and their value. Or perhaps life is just a game of poker. It that’s true, you may be sure it’s the married woman who has an ace in the hole.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

Great Wall of China Is World Wonder, and Its Builder Was a Man Who Revolutionized Life in His Country. THE latest Japanese order is for Chinese forces to get behind the Great Wall and stay there. That brings to mind some ancient history with which we westerners are none too familiar. Most every one knows that the Great Wall is one of the world’s wonders, that it was built as a frontier fortification, and that it is among the most stupendous works of man. It was more than a rampart, however, standing not only for the first unification of China, but for such a moral, social and political upheaval as has occurred in few great countries.

Made Over China SHI HWANG TI, who built the Great Wall, was a revolutionist of the first water, with all those weaknesses and peculiarities which go with his kind. He is described by native historians as having a pointed nose, slit eyes, pigeon breast, wolf voice and tiger heart, as cringing, graceless, cruel, and subject to caprice. He died at 50, after a reign of thirty-seven years, during which he completely altered the political, social and moral structure of China. He lined the empire with roads and canals, encouraged agriculture, ended feudalism, burned most of the so-called classics, executed thousands of so-called scholars, and sought to replace an effete culture with an appetite for material achievement. Asa fitting climax to his career, he constructed the Great Wall to keep marauders out and protect a land which he visualized as the earth’s garden spot.

Divides Two Epochs AS William Edward Geil says, "The Great Wall of China separates two epochs, two lands, two races.” Instead of standing for those easy-going, conservative characteristics which most people associate with China, it represented what might be described as a modernistic revolt. Shi Hwang Ti was distinguished by a love of luxury. He erected magnificent palaces, cast huge statues in gold and bronze, surrounded himself with artists and entertainers, combed the empire for beautiful women, and committed the unpardonable sin of making an ostentatious display of his power and resources. The scholars and savants of his time, trained to believe in simplicity by the ancient classics, took him roundly to task for such vulgarity. That led to a violent reaction on his part, not only against the critics, but against the source of their inspiration. Savants who disagreed with his conduct were decapitated by the hundred or buried alive. In many cases, their families were exterminated. And to make sure of doing a thorough job, the irate emperor pulled down the libraries, destroyed the books, and closed the schools in which they had been trained. Then he had a soldier invent a new system of writing and a new scheme of education whereby he thought the Chinese people would learn to love and to believe in the more practical aspects of life.

Man of Energy WHATEVER may be said of his other traits, Shi Hwang Ti was a man of indomitable will and energy. When he decided to build the Great Wall, he organized such vast numbers of men and drove the work with such ruthless abandon that hundreds of laborers literally were buried beneath the enormous piles of dirt and stone. The Great Wall is from 20 to 30 feet high, from 15 to 35 feet thick at its base, and 12 feet wide on top, with 40-foot towers at intervals of about 200 yards. As originally built by Shi Hwang Ti, it was 1,200 miles long, but was lengthened by 300 miles during the sixteenth century. It practically was completed within four years. The Great Wall does not include Manchuria, which became a part of China within recent times, not through conquest or annexation, but by the fact that its own rulers ascended the Chinese throne.

TODAY IS THE WORLD WAR ANNIVERSARY

PLANES BOMB HOSPITAL January 1

ON Jan. 1, 1918, Teuton airplanes dropped bombs on two hospitals in Castelfranco, Veneto, Italy, and killed eighteen patients. British forces repulsed a raid northeast of Loos on the western front. Austro-Germans were driven from the western bank of the Piave on the Italian front. At this time the military in Italy was precarious. Nearly all of the important passes into the Venetian plains were held by the Austro-Germans. who also had established a foothold on the southern bank of the lower Piave at Zenson. At the beginning of 1918 two points of advantage developed for the Italians: (1) Co-operation of the French and British armies; (2) an unusually large fall of snow in the closing days of December. How much electricity is consumed by the average electric clock? About two watts per hour. What is the composition of a nickel 5-cent piece? Seventy-five per cent copper and 25 per cent nickel. When was the interstate commerce commission created? How many members has it and how are they selected? The commission was created Feb. 4, 1887, There are now eleven members, appointed by the president of the United States with the advice and consent of the senate.

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Lockjaw Easier Prevented Than Cured

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. TETANUS is world wide. It was particularly serious during the World war, when soldiers in the trenches had their wounds contaminated by the soil, because tetanus usually occurs as a result of wound infection. For this reason, men are more often infected than women. Most of the cases in this country occur among young children during the summer months. The disease is not a common disease, but it is an extremely fatal disease unless it is properly treated. Whenever a wound is contaminated with animal manure, with soil, or with street dust, the possibility of

IT SEEMS TO ME BY HEYWOOD BROUN

SENATORS and representatives in congress forever are rising to their hind legs and hollering about entangling alliances. While they are on the matter, I wish someone of the people’s servants would take up a problem which both perplexes and grieves me. I refer to the power and the perquisites extended to Benito Mussolini by American officialdom. He has but to crook a finger or raise an eyebrow when anything within our borders happens to displease him and straightway somebody is called upon the carpet and sent to prison. You probably have heard of Orlando Spartaco, who received a sentence of two years for raising a commotion during a visit of Grandi to Philadelphia. And yet, I doubt if you are familiar with the precise facts, since it was generally and erroneously reported that the young anti-Fascist had leaped upon the running board of Grandi's car. I have before me a transcript of the case as it was conducted before a jury and Judge Harry S. McDevitt.

For the Prosecution OFFICER RICHARD E. WEST, being duly sworn, testified as follows: "I saw the car entering Sansom, from Twenty-fourth, and I also saw a lot of excitement on the north side of Sansom, about twenty feet ahead of the car, and a man was hollering something in Italian, I didn’t understand. Then the fists started to fly; so I rode the horse down, and this man here was hollering...So I got hold of this man here and drug him from the crowd. "Mr. Levinson--I want to ask the officer one question. I understood you to say that the fists were flying; you mean they were flying against this man? "Officer West--Absolutely. "Mr. Levinson--And you went in to rescue him from the crowd? "Officer West--Absolutely. That is the entire vital evidence on which a young man was sentenced in an American court to a term of two years in jail. # # # A Contrast in Philadelphia CONTRAST thtis procedure with what happened following another incident which also occurred in Philadelphia a few months before the visit of Grandi. This time the visitor was Herbert Clark Hoover, the President of the United States. He had come to witness a world series game between the Cardinals and the Athletics. As the President left Shibe park, a number of people in the stands shouted "boo,” and made other derogatory sounds. Nobody was arrested. Now, I am not endeavoring to encourage the practice of booing the President. I yield to no one in my dislike for Mr. Hoover, but I much prefer to vote and work against him than to make vague vocal outcries. I am merely indicating that whether it is bad sportsmanship, poor taste or what not, the forces of law and order in Philadelphia were prepared to accept the right of the citizenry to indicate disapproval of our chief executive. Then why be so tender about the feeling of Grandi or Mussolini? # # Sometimes It Still Aches I HAVE a special and personal feeling for Orlando Spartaco because I once figured in a somewhat simliar incident and received nothing more than a black eye. Happening upon an anti-Free State

Burning It at Both Ends

infection with the germ of tetanus exists. From four days to three weeks after the germs are deposited in the tissues they develop the poisons that produce the symptoms. These symptoms include, of course, not only the spasm of the jaws, which is called lockjaw, but also the nerve irritations, convulsions and toxemia that are characteristic. The person who has the disease is not himself infectious to other people, except when wounds which they have come in contact with the discharges from his wounds. One of the most common causes of lockjaw is the Fourth of July injury, in connection with which clothing and soil are blown into the

meeting, I heard a speaker declare that Michael Collins sold out for British gold. Collins had been killed only the day before, and to me he seemed a heroic figure in Irish history. Accordingly I hissed. That was, if you like, an incitement to riot, only I happened to be the riot. It was the biggest black eye I ever have received. Personally I have no enthusiasm for organized jeering sections, but I hold that the spontaneous right of raspberry should be denied to no one in America. Far from being sentenced to jail for two years, Orlando Spartaco should have been protected in his privilege of shouting the equivalent for "To Hell With Mussolini.” I think it is about time that somebody informed all those in au-

Questions and Answers

Who invented the pipe organ? The earliest history of pipe organs can not be traced exactly, though it is safe to assume that they were developed from bagpipes and pan pipes. The earliest authentic record of the pipe organ does not extend beyond the second century B. C., but the evolution of the bagpipe and pan-pipe goes back to a remote period. The hydraulic organ, in which pressure on the bellows was supplied by water, is supposed to have been invented by Ctesibius, a native of Alexandria, in the second or third century before Christ. Did the Whigs finally assimilate with the Republicans or the Democrats? Whigs was the name adopted in 1834 by the national Republican party. The party grew chiefly out of the opposition to Andrew Jackson and the system of personal government he put into effect. The name Whig was first assumed by revolutionary patriots who opposed the dictatorial methods of George III. In 1848 the Whig party split into conscience Whigs and old time Whigs. The former opposed the extension of slavery and the latter advocated the preservation of the Union at all costs. After 1852 the northern Whigs eventually joined the Republicans and the southern Whigs the Democrats. Is the modern slang expression ‘‘getting one’s goat’ derived from a passage in Shakespeare’s “Othello?” There is a quotation which reads: "To be once in doubt Is once to be resolved; exchange me for a goat. When I shall turn the business of my soul To such exsuglicate and blown surmises Matching thy inference.” It is possible that the current slang expression came from this quotation, but it hardly seems applicable to the expresison as used today. What wood is used for the sounding boards of Spanish and Hawaiian guitars? Rosewood for the Spanish guitar and koa wood for the Hawaiian. Was Captain Kidd a real pirate? Yes. What part of the population of Italy is Roman Catholic? About 95 per cent. Can citizens of other countries enter the United States Naval academy at Annapolis and the United States Military academy at West Point as students? They can do so by special act of congress in each case.

skin and tissue by explosions of firearms and fireworks. When a person is wounded under circumstances that involve soiling of the wound, all of the foreign material should be removed as early as possible from the wound. It then should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected with the application of suitable antiseptic substances. Immediately thereafter one or preferably two injections of 1000 units of tetanus antitoxin should be administered by the physician, because the value of the antitoxin in the presence of this condition has been well established. It is far easier to prevent tetanus than to cure it.

Ideate and opinions expressed in this column are those of one of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.--The Editor

thority that Benito Mussolini is not a dictator among us. If the snoot of King George can be punched in absento in Chicago, there is no reason why Mussolini should not be razzed in Philadelphia. And in particular I wish to have this fact called to the attention of Doak, the deporter. William Nuckles Doak he was inappropriately christened. N. D. Doak, or Nuckles Down Doak, would have been so much more fitting. He seems to be under the impression that dislike of Mussolini is a sort of sedition which makes a man liable to be sent back whence he came. All I can say is get the transportation ready. I don't like Mussolini, even if that means that I must live in Brooklyn. (Copyright, 1931, by the Times)

How long was the steamship Titanic? It was 882 feet 9 inches. Who is Susan Lenox? The principal character in a novel by David Graham Phillips. Can a former British subject, and naturalized American citizen, renounce his citizenship and become a British subject again? The United States recognizes the inherent right of American citizens to expatriate themselves, except in time of war. Is it possible to feel pain in a limb that has been amputated? Not actually, but the power of suggestion or habits of thought, sometimes cause a delusion of pain in the amputated limb. How many widows of ex-Presi-dents of the United States are now living? Mrs. Theodore Roosevelt, Mrs. Benjamin Harrison, Mrs. T. J. Preston, the former Frances Folsom Cleveland; Mrs. William Howard Taft, and Mrs. Woodrow Wilson. Why is “seventy-three” used at the close of some radio programs? It is the code for “best regards.” Where was Lady Nancy Astor of England born? At Mirador, Greenwood, Va. How old is Mahatma Gandhi? Sixty-one.

Start the Year Right Make this year a happy one by helping yourself. You can do this by supporting a home-owned institution which produces the finest quality of soups, tomato juice, chili, pork and beans. The Columbia Conserve Company is owned by its workers. It is operated by its workers. Its earnings are spent in Indianapolis. Its plan is that of industrial democracy. That plan may some day solve all economic problems. That is for the future. For the present, help yourself by patronizing this home industry. Ask for Columbia Brands. AT ALL REGAL STORES

JAN. 1, 1932

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

Babylonian Astronomical Records Kept Longer Than Those on File at Observatory in Greenwich, Scientist Says. THE supreme achievement of science in the Orient was Babylonian astronomy. That is the opinion of Dr. James Henry Breasted, director of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. The institute, recently housed in a new building made possible largely by Rockefeller funds, is the largest archeological institution in the world. It is the headquarters for archeological expeditions in many parts of the near east. Dr. Breasted calls the institute "a laboratory devoted to the study of man.” Through his studies and expeditions in the near east, Dr. Breasted expects to fill in the missing chapters of mankind's early history. “As far back as the twenty-third century B. C., the Babylonian astronomers observed an eclipse of the moon, and gradually it became customary to make more frequent observations, until in 747 B. C., in the reign of the Babylonian king, Nabonassar, the series of observations became continuous and a record of them was carefully kept on file,” says Dr. Breasted. ‘‘This file furnished the first long series of astronomical observations ever made by man, and it is an extraordinary fact that modern astronomers have not yet been able to accumulate a series equally long. The Babylonian series continued for over 360 years, while the longest known series of modern observations, that at Greenwich, has now been going on about 181 years.”

Calculates Year THE early Babylonian astronomers carried on their work with a high degree of skill, Dr. Breasted points out. "About 500 B. C. the Chaldean astronomer, Naburimannu, calculated the annual movements of the sun and moon with an error of less than ten seconds for the entire year," he says. “A little more than a century later the Chaldean astronomer, Kidinnu, reduced the error in a year’s revolution to a second, and one of his measurements even exceeds in accuracy the figures long in practical use by modern astronomers. “Those two remarkable Babylonians, Nabruimannu and Kidinnu, who first revealed to man a majestic system of the celestial world and thus became the founders of astronomical science, were an imperishable scientific and intellectual bond between the early east and civilized Europe.” Expeditions sent out by the Oriental institute are continually unearthing new links between the past and the present. On the very day that Dr. Breasted and officials of the University of Chicago were dedicating the recently completed Oriental institute, a cablegram was received from Dr. Ernst Herzfeld, field director of the institute's Persian expedition. It announced the discovery of an inscribed marble slab in the palace of the great Persian emperor, Xerxes.

Tablet Found DR. HERZFELD found that the slab, which was the cornerstone of one of the palaces, contained beautiful cuneiform writing in Old Persian, left there by Xerxes, conquerer of the ancient Greeks, ovre 2,400 years ago. The inscription is written in Old Persian, the language which the Greeks heard at the battles of Marathon and Salamis; but Dr. Herzfeld notices that there are grammatical errors suggesting that the language was already declining toward the new Persian of later times. The stone is the first foundation deposit as yet found at Persepolis. The building containing it is one of the smallest in the entire great group of palaces. Dr. Breasted expects that the vast buildings of the ancient city will yield many more such stones as the work of the expedition proceeds. The Chicago party is working under the first scientific concession ever granted to an American organization. The first building uncovered by the expedition proved to contain magnificent royal halls, behind which were found six apartments, identical in plan and evidently the harem palace. It was decided to restore this building and to equip it as the living and working quarters of the expedition.

Daily Thought

Neither to men light a candle, and put it under a bushel, but on a candlestick; and it giveth light unto all that are in the house.--Matthew 5:15. Truth is always straightforward.--Sophocles. Do turtles lay eggs? Turtles lay eggs inclosed in a tough calcified shell which are deposited in holes and left to hatch by the heat of the sun.