Indianapolis Times, Volume 43, Number 200, Indianapolis, Marion County, 30 December 1931 — Page 4

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Political Issues Senator Watson, distorting a statement made by Newton D. Baker in his Winchester address, tells the people of Indiana that he would be very glad to accept the League of Nations ao the "issue” in his campaign for re-election. Aside from the fact that Mr. Baker specifically said that he did not believe it politically possible to Join the league, the truth is that neither Senator Watson nor Mr. Baker, nor any other individual, will make the "issues’* in the next campaign. The issue is rather definitely fixed by the problems created by vast unemployment, by the plight of farmers, by the stagnation of industry and the threatened deflation of living standards. When Senator Watson voted for the Smoot-Haw-ley tariff bill, he proclaimed that prosperity would arrive within thirty days. Instead, that tariff bill hastened the debacle which threw more and more men out of work. The latest repercussion comes from Germany where an American-owned automobile factory has put out anew auto built entirely by foreign labor and now competing with its own American-made products in South America and Africa. The people next fall will be in no mood to listen to debates on any question that does not have a direct bearing on their jobs and their bellies and their pocketbooks. Between now and next fall Senator Watson will have an opportunity to firmly establish himself in the hearts of the people. Asa leader of the senate, he can see that the jobless get relief, as it is npw definitely known that private charity will not suffice to prevent suffering and distress. He can, if he wishes, vote funds to put men to work on public projects and thus crank up the industrial engine and start business going. Fortunately the senator is back in Indiana, where he can get first-hand information. A journey to the restaurant established by city employes would be enlightening. A trip through the steel cities in northern Indiana would be even more illuminating. After such a journey, a definite stand at the side of Senators La Follette and Costigan in their efforts to prevent human suffering would place him in a position where he would not be looking for any issue He could say that in an emergency he placed human life and human rights above all other considerations. That should be enough. The Economy Ax Prodded by demands of Democratic leaders in congress for at least a $300,000,000 cut in the Hoover budget estimates, the President says he wishes congress success in its economy move. Specifically, he agrees with the Democratic proposal to save funds by reorganizing the government to eliminate duplicating bureaus. That makes it almost unanimous. The difficulty, however, is that this unanimity regarding the need of federal administrative reorganization has existed for at least ten years. Every President since the war has given this program lip service. The rub is politics. Added to that is the human fac-tor-bureaucrats, like men of other professions, tend to perpetuate themselves and their machinery. Hence ten years of talk about a much-needed reform has resulted in no action. Prospects of action this year are better, for several reasons. One reason is that the huge federal deficit gives a sharper barb than ever before to the economy motive, Another reason is that the Democrats are in control of the house of representatives. Democrats, as Democrats, are no purer and no more efficient, of course, than Republicans as such. But it so happens that the Democrats, for the first time since the war, have good prospects of winning a national electionprovided they make a good showing in this session of congress. If the Democrats can claim credit for federal economies, that will be perfect campaign ammunition. By the same token, it is to the political advantage of the Republicans—now that the Democrats have embarked on an economy crusade—to show that the administration can not be outdone in this matter. Therefore, chances are fairly good for some measure of federal administrative reorganization and consequent saving. The public, however, should watch for jokers in this program. Already it seems clear from the Hoover statement that he would make this saving and reorganization at the expense of small and starved humanitarian services—such as the children’s bureau —without touching departments such as the army and navy which are most in need of co-ordination and which eat up the largest part of the taxpayer’s dollar. Whether the Democrats have similar jokers in their program is not yet known. The test of any reorganization, either from the standpoint of economy or efficiency, will be the older and larger departments which have accumulated the bureaucratic moss of more than a century. The proportion of government expenditures on health, education, labor conciliation, industrial statistics and similar humanitarian and scientific services, already is low to the point of inefficiency. But even if these services were wiped out altogether, the total saving would have little effect on the giant deficit. If the Democrats and the President mean business, they will have to use the ax most on the war, navy and interior departments. When the Lawyer Knows Is it proper for a lawyer to defend, on a plea of **Not guilty,” a client charged with a criminal offense when the latter has confessed to the lawyer himself the fact that he did commit the offense charged? This old, intricate, much-mooted question is raised again by a New York judge, who denounces as dishonest lawyers who defend guilty men—knowing them to be guilty. In 1917 a general council of the British bar made an interesting report on this point. It held that "if the confession has been made before the proceedings have been commenced, it is most undesirable that an advocate to whom the confession has been made should undertake the defense, as he most certainly would be seriously embarrassed in the conduct of the case, and no harm can be done to the accused by requesting him to retain another advocate.” On the other hand, where the confession has been made during the proceedings, or in such circumstances that the lawyer retained for the defense can not retire from the case without seriously compromising the position of the accused, the British bar decided that the lawyer’s duty is "to protect his client as far as possible from being convicted except by a competent tribunal and upon legal evidence sufficient to support a conviction for the offense with which he is charged.” But—and this is highly pertinent to current criti-

The Indianapolis Times (A HCKIPPS-HOWARD .NEWSPAPER) w p “. bl u hed . da J I L <exce P t Sunday) by The Indianapolis Time* Publishing Cos.. 214*220 West Maryland Street. Indianapolis. lnd. Price in Marlon Connty. 2 cents a copy; elsewhere. 3 cent*—delivered by carrier. 12 cents a week. Mall gubscrtptloa rates In Indiana. $3 a’ /car: outside of BOYD iJ?. CRLEY - ROY y- howakd! earl and. baker. Editor __ President Business Manager PHONE—K -oy 5551 WEDNESDAY. Dec. 30. lMl! Member of United Press, Bcripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance. Newspaper Enterprise Assoclatton. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Wav.”

cism of certain practices among American criminal lawyers: ‘ Such a confession imposes very strict limitations on the conduct of the defense. An advocate ‘may not assert that which he knows to be a lie. He may not connive at, much less attempt, to substantiate, a fraud. "While, therefore, it would be right to take any objection to the competency of the court, to the form of the indictment, to the admissibility of any evidence or to the sufficiency of the evidence admitted, it would be absolutely wrong to suggest that some other person had committed the offense charged, or to call any evidence which he must know to be false, having regard to the confession, such, for instance, as evidence in support of an alibi, which is intended to show that the accused could not have done, or in fact had not done, the act; that is to say, an advocate must not (whether by calling the accused or otherwise) set up an affirmative case inconsistent with the confession made to him.” Would every criminal defense lawyer in the United States subscribe to the above? Would he be as punctilious where his client had confessed his guilt? Would he be as scrupulous in rejecting alibis or any other evidence he knows to be false? We fear that in this country, far more than in England, the average criminal lawyer would take shelter behind Lord Brougham’s famous dictum: “An advocate, by the sacred duty which he owes his client, knows, in the discharge of that office, but one person in the world—that client and none other.” Though repudiated by greater jurists, Lord Brougham s sweeping statement has been used by lawyers to cover a multitude of professional sins. It is the shyster’s standby—the great apology for all fake defenses. How infinitely finer is Lord Chief Justice Cockburn’s standard for lawyers: The arms which an advocate wields he ought to use as a warrior, not as an assassin. He ought to uphold the interests of his clients per fas, but not per nefas. He ought to know how to reconcile the interests of his client with the eternal interests of truth and justice. “Fidelity, courage, independence do not require that undue zeal which produces rancor, venom, cruelty, falseness.” Lawyers, as Henry W. Jessup of the/New York bar well says in his "Study of Legal Ethics,” “truly more often need a bridle than a spur.” Youth Opposes War Since youth always is called upon to do the fighting, it is interesting to inquire how youth feels about war and the preparedness for war. Such inquiry just has been made by the intercollegiate disarmament council of New York. A straw vote in seventy colleges throughout the United States, among students of both sexes, reveals that: Out of 24,345 students voting, 92 per cent favored reducing armaments, and 63 per cent favored the United States settting the example by beginning to disarm without waiting for action of other nations. One-third favored 100 per cent cuts in armaments, provided all nations agree to the same ratio, while one in seven advocated a 100 per cent cut for the United States, regardless of action by other nations. Out of 19,750 students voting on the question of military training in colleges, 81 per cent favored abolishing all military training. Out of 17,396 students voting on the world court, 74 per cent urged adherence by the United States upon the basLs of the Root protocols. These tests are higlily significant. The students voting were small children during the great war and have no shocking memories of that horror to guide their sentiments. In spite of persistent propaganda by the patrioteers and jingoes, they are choosing the way of peace. Same to You, Governor Governor Rolph of California is in a particularly mellow mood these festal days. He has broadcast his wishes for a Merry Christmas and Happy New Year to all “my fellow Californians.” “Let us,” he proclaimed, “approach the Christmas of 1932 with charity in our hearts and the Golden Rule in our minds.” Rank outsiders as we are, we return the greetings, wishing him full measure of good will. So— The same to you, Governor! And the way to show you mean it is at hard. You can change Thomas Mooney and Warren Billings from numbers into men, restore two innocent convicts to their families, and erase the stain of dishonest trials from the records of your state. Japan’s sort of put the league on the spot. In fact, Japan doesn’t care if they’re 20,000 leagues under the sea. Perhaps those boys who drafted the Declaration of Independence foresaw American freedom. Six million workers have had it for two years now.

Just Every Day Sense BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

BOREDOM to me is the most incomprehensible of all human ailments. Yet large numbers of women suffer from it, or so it seems. One is obliged to take their word for it. The most recent complaint comes from a young wife who, after having educated herselx for a professional career, fell in love and married. Now, after several years, she finds time heavy on her hands. She confesses to a sensation of uselessness while she tries to fill her empty hours. With no economic or heart worries, she fells frustrated, and what is life all about, she wails. It’s easy to diagnose her trouble. What she needs is a baby, or maybe two or three of them. The modern woman, we find, often interprets her unrest as a longing for outside work when it is only the natural desire for a child. And as a cure for boredom there’s nothing like a baby of one’s own. Life takes on anew meaning the minute you realize you are to partake of the great experience of motherhood. Discontent flies out of the window when the stork comes in at the door. * n * THEN all these inconsequential things with which we have occupied ourselves—clubs, strumming on the piano, golf—appear what they actually are—just interludes between our moments of living. We dillydally with other work, but we care for our babies with heartfelt earnestness and sincerity. Men and women are not normal unless they have some association with children during early maturity. And wives do themselves a grea tinjustice when they argue that for them a family is not necessary to happiness. Modem life with it saimless activities is particularly fitted to foster such a delusion. So long as we can bustle about, we believe that we are living. Yet the fullest flavor of existence is found only in serenity. An dthe core of such a peace for women abides in the nursery. One soft little body to cuddle in your arms can banish forever from your life the meaningless things and give you anew vision of the significance of being.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy

SAYS This Is No Time to Permit the Rich to Grow Richer While Millions Are So Poor They Couldn’t Grow Any Poorer. NEW YORK, Dec. 30.—Former Governor Stokes of New Jersey has a five-point program for economic recovery. It includes lower taxes, light wines and beer, a moratorium on war debts, an embargo on Russian goods and an indefinite holiday for the stock market. Good as it may sound, this pro- ; gram has one irremedial weakness. You could spend a week and not find two people willing to agree on any three of its five points. If you don’t believe it, go out and try. tt tt Lower Taxes; Fewer Jobs ON first thought most every one is ready to shout for lower taxes. On second thought, many are not so sure. How could we have lower taxes, without reducing governmental expense, and how could we do that to any great extent, without cutting the salaries of all public employes, or discharging some? To cut the salaries of public employes would amount to little less than an open invitation for private business to go the limit with wage reductions, which is why President Hoover has opposed it so strenuously. To discharge public employes only would be adding to unemployment. tt tt a That Budget Cut COMMENTING on Senator Harrison’s recent statement that the federal budget would be cut $300,000,000, Vice-President Curtis says that it could and should be cut $500,000,000. This vast sum, he declares, could be saved by the simple process of cutting out duplication in the various departments and stopping the publication of unnecessary documents. Splendid, but what about the thousands who would be thrown out of work? tt tt tt Three Ways Out ROUGHLY, there are three basic theories for curing the depression, each of which has its merits, all of which undoubtedly will be applied to a certain extent and any one of which would be dangerous if carried to extreme, or depended on exclusively. First, there is the theory of retrenchment through a general reduction of wages and prices. Second, there is the theory of maintaining present wage and price levels by reducing the number of those employed, getting a little more work out of those kept on the pay roll and taking care of those discharged through charitable efforts of one kind or another. Third, there is the theory of providing work by mobilizing the credit available through federal bond issues. tt a Prefer Work to Alms ADMITTEDLY, the problem is not only big, but complicated, i The chances are that it is beyond j solution by any single scheme and that we still shall be wanting ideas when we have done everything we can think of. Other things being equal, however, we should strive for a minimum of charity and a maximum of self help. Our people don’t want to be beggars, or live on handouts while they loaf. This is contrary to their traditions and training. Even if not, it would be contrary to good sense. tt tt Redistribution, Need IT goes without saying that when some face starvation while others roll in wealth, there must be more or less of a redistribution, that those who have an abundance must yield something in order that those who have nothing may live. It were better for all concerned to put this redistribution on a business basis, to make it as a matter of law, rather than as one of ballyhooed philanthropy, which enables the giver to strut, while humiliating the receiver. Democratic leaders are right in assuming that the bulk of the burden should be placed on the shoulders of wealth, that great incomes should be taxed more heavily than the Mellon plan provides; that this is no time to permit the rich to grow much richer, while millions are so poor that they couldn’t possibly grow any poorer.

& T ? S 9£ Y ; WORLD WAR \ ANNIVERSARY

SUBMARINE LOSSESv Dec. 30 ON Dec. 30, 1917, the British admiralty announced that in the week closing on this day submarines had sunk twenty-one British ships and nine French ships. Eighteen of the British ships were over 1,600 tons, and three were less. The nine French ships were all over 1,600 tons. Padua, Italy, which was raided by enemy airplanes on Dec. 28, was again raided on this day. Three persons were killed. Three were injured. Two churches and many other buildings were damaged. In Russia a provisional agreement was reached at Brest-Litovsk with the central powers on liberation of war prisoners, and resumption of commercial and treaty relations. The German naval delegation at Petrograd reached an agreement with the Bolshevist government for raising the blockade on the White sea. Bessarabia declared its independence as the Moldavian republic to form part of the Russian federated republic. Please name the New York and Jersey localities of the terminals of the George Washington memorial bridge. It extends from Broadway, between One hundred seventy-eighth and One hundred sexenty-ninth streets, Manhattan, to Yemoine avenue in Ft. Lee, N. J. Are the waters of the Arctic and the Antartic oceans bine? They are vivid green in color.

I’m Not in Your Way; Go Ahead With Progress

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DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Scarlet Fever Spread by Discharges

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia. the Health Magazine. FOR many years the cause of scarlet fever was unknown. It now is accepted generally that one form of the steptococcus is responsible for this disease. This germ is spread in the discharges from the nose, throat and ears, from abscesses, or from a wound surface of a patient who is sick or convalescing from the disease, and also by any articles wtih which such a person may be in contact. The infection also may be spread

Times Readers Voice Their Views

Editor Times —After reading a recent editorial in The Times I am unable to decide whether you really would like to see justice done to the gasoline jobbers of the state or would like to see a few of them hanged. The truth of the whole business is simply that there were a few Chicago racketeers who got into the business through some of the loopholes which they discovered in the laws of Indiana and Illinois and before they could be stopped they had cheated both states out of considerable money. Inasmuch as they had passed this money on to others, and it could not be uncovered in its entirety, there certainly is no reason for either state to refuse to take what it could get. These people are still under indictment in Illinois and will soon come to trial. At the time this happened there was no law in this state by which these people could be prosecuted criminally and it was a well-known fact to every oil man in the state that this was the case. As in all such situations there also were a few of the regular jobbers who took advantage of the condition created by this old law and withheld some of the tax which was collected. Just because this was done and because there is some inevitable bootlegging going on across the state line is no reason why the great majority of jobbers should be branded as crooks by the state department or The Times or any one else. Under the new law, passed in 1929, there has been very little of this done except across the state line. There are several things to be considered in this matter. One.is the fact which is well known to every oil man in Indiana of any importance that one of the figures now agitating this bootleg cry is the very one who at one time was going throughout the state telling his friends in the oil business that they could get away with a lot of this tax because there was no criminal penalty attached to so doing and only civil suit could be brought to collect any so withheld. Another factor is that the major companies are looking for any alibi to their own stockholders for loss of business to the smaller companies and consequent loss of profits, and that they are able to establish by saying that they have to pay the tax and some of the minors do not because they are bootlegging. How about one of the major companies in this state which withheld $40,000 in taxes from the state and when caught was not even assessed a penalty, but allowed six months to pay in installments. Another factor is simply the self aggrandizement hoped for by the present auditor if able to make a big showing that he has collected a lot of back taxes and penalties, and that might help to make him the next Governor, would it not? As to there being any excess collection in Indiana over 193 C, that could not be proved, because there has been more business in this state, exceeding 1930 by more than the percentage of tax collected. There has been approximately 4 per cent increase in taxes collected in Indiana and a 5 per cent increase in gasoline shipped into the state. Better be a little more sure of your facts. If you want them, why not ask some of the people who have the figures and not take them from the auditor who manufactures them for the newspaper so they are favorable to him. What right has the present auditor to force one set of oil men to pay 100 per cent on their purchases and another set 97 per cent on their purchases. Why don’t you ask him to explain that fact, and you can easily establish that it is a fact?" He has bulldozed any number of small oil jobbers throughout the

through milk contaminated by a person who has the disease or who has just recovered. There seems to be plenty of evidence that scales from the patient who is peeling do not carry the infection, except when these scales are contaminated with discharges of the type that have been mentioned. Apparently the person is able to communicate the disease for a period of at least three weeks from the time when it commences until all of these discharges have ceased. There are cases of such slight character that they are not diagnosed properly. Indeed, there are some cases so slight that the per-

state to pay from SI,OOO to $2,000 back taxes with penalties of which they did not owe one penny, and would have been able to show that the present Indiana law is absolutely unconstitutional had the matter been brought to a showdown. If we are to have a lot of publicity in this matter, why not have all the facts? In this matter, Mr. Editor, you ; have taken an attitude inconsistent with the policy of The Times and all due to the fact that you have been misinformed and misled. Better look into it a little further. AN IDIANA OIL JOBBER. Editor Times—A reader of your paper recently has commented upon depressions. No doubt, as this is written, there are few people throughout the world today who desire no light on this question of great importance. The great powers of the world, in their frantic search for means to Stabilize their governments, in this dark hour, have almost become hysterical ! In speaking of a question of this nature, it is best to refrain from exaggeration. Truly, it would be far from exaggeration in stating that the business horizon today is obscured as never before! Many causes of such a ccfndition practically have proved that they were fundamental to the success of industry, thereby creating a situation indeed critical. This condition can not be confined to America alone. It is universal. However, this nation with its 7,000,000 unemployed men, faces a situation that demands the attention of men with courage and skill—men who dauntlessly will face the situation with no personal or selfish desires. It is enough to say that, as is evident, America today is making the greatest fight of her whole history. It is a known fact that prosperity can not be stabilized in the world, or in one nation, unless the working man has employment. Prosperity depends upon that alone. Unless people feel secure in their work, there is some hesitancy in spending money. If capital and management are concerned deeply in this grave problem, they have as yet shown no means of relief that can be relied upon. Their efforts thus far have resulted in only temporary relief. The time will come when humanity can not exist on that. In looking at the situation from all angles, it seems that there has been no failure. If, however, there has been a failure, it has been the failure of man to obey God. It is not a difficult task to sum up the religious value of the people of today. Many show an outward form of godliness, but they deny the power thereof. Others are trampling through the spilled blood of Jesus Christ—going the “broad and easy way.” Perhaps it is true today that the greater per cent of people do not realize the significance of the great sacrifice of our Savior. It was the shed blood of the lamb that made the difference between Cain and Abel, and between the Israelites and the Egyptians. It is the shed blood of the lamb of God that marks the difference between the saved and the lost now, and that will differentiate between the song of the redeemed in heaven and the wail of the damned in hell hereafter. Surely, it must be said that the sin of man is held responsible for the distress of the world today. RAYMOND E. WISEHART. Muncie, Ind. Editor Times—There seems to be considerable difference in the bank- i ing laws of our states, or at least in their enforcement. Some days ago 1

son does not really know that he is sick with scarlet fever. Obviously such a person may travel about and spread the disease to other people without either his or their knowing anything about it. Scarlet fever occurs throughout the world, more often in temperate climates than in the tropics, more often in the cities than in the country districts. Both colored and white people have scarlet fever, but in colored people it is usually much less severe than among white people. The disease also occurs at all seasons of the year, but more frequently in the winter and in the spring.

it was reported that an investigation of the banking situation had been started in Arkansas and that it caused a precipitate rush of bank officials out of the state resembling the opening up of Oklahoma. Some time ago it was announced that the notorious Mai Daugherty, the big chief of that corrupt Ohio political gang, which nominated and elected Harding and reigned supreme in its corruption and vileness during his administration, had been copvicted. But it was not for any high crimes against the nation, though, they were many, that he was sent to prison for ten long years, but for something that the bank commissioner and the courts of this state do not even consider a misdemeanor: he simply had misplaced some funds that had been intrusted to his care. In this city with all the banks that have been closed and the thousands who have lost their savings, not a bank official has been arrested or a director held to account for his stewardship, it is awful to think that month after month, year after year, this has been done under the very eyes of the bank commissioner and he has not even an excuse to offer or an apology to make, but on the contrary has been rewarded by the Governor for his faithful services by reappointment. The people now understand that the seal of the great state of Indiana affords no protection to depositors or investors and may even be used as a shield. One of the biggest business men of this town told me that “there can be no revival of business until confidence is restored, and confidence can not be restored until the government finds some way to absolutely safeguard peoples’ moneys.” If the Governor had the least conception of the duties of his office he would have long ago called ’the legislature together and demanded a banking law that would restore the confidence of the masses and give business a chance to revive. A. JOHNSON. 115 North Alabama street. What is the origin of the expression “To get one’s goat?” It is an old American colloquial expression, the origin of which is obscure. It is thought that the goat may be a contraction of goatee, the chin-tufts worn bv Uncle Sam. What countries compose the United Kingdom? England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man, the Isle of Wight and the Channel islands.

Good Times Again The bad year is past. Another year soon starts. Hope springs anew, if next year is to be a better year and the years to come still better, the causes of the bad years must be removed. At the Columbia Conserve Company, an effort is being made to solve this problem through a genuine system of co-operation. The workers own the plant. Wages are paid on the basis of needs. The industry pays the cost of illness. Fear of unemployment is removed. When you buy soup, chili con came, tomato juice, pork and beans and catsup ask for COLUMBIA Brand. AT ALL REGAL STORES

DEC. 30,

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

Railway Expert Predicts That Locomotives Will Be Streamlined to Provide 100-Mile-an-Hour Speed. THE railroad train, long a standard part of the American landscape, is due soon for anew dress. Westinghouse engineers believe that locomotives and cars will soon be redesigned along streamline models. Competition with the auto and bus, they say, makes it necessary for railroads to attain new speeds. And these, they continue, can be obtained with no more power than that used at present by switching to streamline design. The engineers believe that speeds of 100 miles an hour easily could be obtained on the railroads. A report on the subject has been prepared by a group of engineers oi the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company, includinp Dr. Oskar G. Tietjens and K. C Ripley. The title of the report is “ThAir Resistance of High-Speet Trains and Interurban Cars.” More than eighty years ago speed: of sixty-five and seventy-five miles an hour were recorded on railroads according to the report, and express trains were running on schedules of nearly fifty miles an hour, stoppage included. This has not been improved, saj the engineers, as they point to the greatly increased speeds of other forms of transportation during the last ten years. When superhighways connect important cities busses will be able to maintain speeds of forty or more miles an hour without enlarging their engines merely by adopting streamline designs, and it is the opinion of these engineers that this probably will happen within the next few years. tt tt * Reduce Resistance TO meet this competition the carriers can obtain speeds of 100 miles an hour by decreasing the train ressitance rather than by increasing the motive power and this can be done without appreciable sacrifice of either safety or economy, say Tietjens and Ripley, who recommend lighter weight streamline designs and probably other radical departures from present practice as the solution. Even if it is inadvisable to jump the speeds from 40 to 50 or 100 miles an hour at the present time, they show curves and figures to prove that air resistance presents the chief obstacle to speed and say that from an economical standpoint of power consumption, streamlining of fast trains and high-speed interurban cars is justified on present operating schedules. Assuming a straight, level track, train resistance is divided into frictional and air resistance. Wind tunnel tests show that a saving of about 40 per cent in power at a speed of 50 miles an hour is procured by partially streamlining an interurban car. At thirtyfive miles an hour, this saving is about 30 per cent, say the experts. Consequently, they argue, streamlining may be used either to save energy consumption for the same schedule speed or to increase speed without corresponding increase in energy consumption. tt M For Autos Also TIETJENS is of the opinion that adequate streamline design ought to be applied to all vehicles as a means of saving power and money as well as a way of attaining higher speeds. He says that half-way streamlining, such as rounding a few corners or a slight sloping of the windshield, has little effect on air resistance, but tests over a period of ten years convince him that the enormous proportion of power required to overcome air resistance can be reduced considerably if the streamlining is properly done. “If the body, wheels and fenders, considered as a unit, are shaped according to modem aerodynamics,” he says, “a car shape can be developed that will have but one-fifth the air resistance of the present type of automobile, yet it will have the same ample passenger space as our sedans of today. “Such a car would require only 30-horse power instead of 90-horse power for 80-mile speed, less than 50-horse power would be required to go 100 miles an hour in contrast with the 160-horse power required for such speed today. “The percentage of power saved by streamlining increase with the speed. At forty miles, 50 per cent is saved; at seventy miles, 65 per cent and at ninety miles, 70 per cent is saved,” according to Dr. Tietjens. “A present type car with & top speed of eighty miles an hour has a mileage of about ten miles a gallon Streamline the same car and the power saving will give thirty miles to the gallon. “These data show convincingly that the bulky body of the presen* type automobile must give way te the streamline design,” he predicted

Daily Thought

Whose soever sins ye remit, they are remitted unto them; and whose soever sins ye retain, they are retained.—John 20:23. The brave only know how to forgive.—Sterne.