Indianapolis Times, Volume 43, Number 175, Indianapolis, Marion County, 1 December 1931 — Page 4

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S C * I p pj - M q*v AJtJj

The Watson Incident Apparently the powers of Washington are quite billing to let the incident of the sugar stock and Senator Watson pass into forgotten things. If the senator is content to let the blanket of forgetfulness be spread upon the affair at this time, he is badly advised. A year hence some partisan critic is quite likely to drag it into the open to annoy and harass him while he is saving the people from great “international plots” or mayhap in certain localities, from the repeal of prohibition. The sugar stock deal was apparently quite plain and clear. One of the chief beneficiaries of the high tariff on sugar, one Dahlberg, who entertains senators and cabinet members at his lake retreat on the Canadian border, turned over to Senator Watson a certain amount of stock in sugar companies which he was then floating. He also turned over stock to one James Davis, then a member of the cabinet and now a senator. In return for this stock Senator Watson gave his note, but no money. His friend Dahlberg was merely letting him make money without investment. The stocks went up in price before the committee, of which the senator is a member, began taking evidence on the necessity of a high tariff on sugar that would force every consumer of sugar to pay tribute to all sugar companies. When the price had gone to the point that the profits on the stock turned over to Watson for his note was sufficient to pay the note and leave a comfortable margin of stock without any claim against it, Dahlberg managed this neatly, and Watson had in his possession stock worth about $7,000 for which he had paid nothing. He had it as a clear profit. It was while this stock in Watson’s pocket was worth these thousands, but beginning to slip, that Dahlberg, who had made it possible for him to own it, appeared each day during the hot summer and pleaded for a higher and still higher tariff on sugar. At one time he publicly proclaimed to the committee while the senator was present that the stability of the industry depended upon such a raise. Senator Watson, with his free stock, was sitting in judgment. Can it be that Dahlberg expected him to remember that if the industry was unfavorably affected his $7,000 of stock might become as worthless as the paper paid for it? At any rate he made this argument to a jury which had been given a financial interest in the verdict. Senator Watson laughs away the incident by saying that the note he gave was worthless and that the stock is now worthless. That may be true. But there was a time—and the time coincided with sugar hearings—when the profits of stock bought with the worthless note was salable at several thousands of dollars and that its value, according to Dahlberg, might depend upon the tariff under discussion. Senator Watson can not afford to let the incident be shoved away with a laugh. The people can afford it still less and other senators, for the dignity of that body, might be expected to take more than a casual interest in the testimony on this affair. If Dahlberg sells stocks for senatorial notes, how many other lobbyists and adventurers are doing the same thing? The Farm Board Wreck From the senate committee’s short inquiry it is evident that congress should go on and get at the facts about the co-operatives now operating under federal farm board sponsorship and chiefly on government money. All agree that the blundering, ill-advised “stabilization” efforts were fruitless and vastly expensive. Even the farm board has been contending for months that Its fundamental objective is to obtain orderly marketing of farm crops through the co-operative system. But the co-operative picture as painted for the senate committee was very discouraging. More a capitalistic than a co-operative structure, the organization included in the two largest farm board agencies—the Farmers National Grain Corporation and the American Cotton Co-Operative Association —bear exceedingly heavy burdens in overhead costs, operating costs and such princely salaries as $75,000, $50,000 and $35,000 a year. The purposes of the co-operative are, of course, to give the producer a chance to sell his products on an even basis with private traders, to bring the producer and the consumer closer together, and to obtain for the producer a larger and fairer share of the price the consumer pays. These ends have not been accomplished to any satisfying degree, and they probably will not be achieved under the present set-up. Despite the legal technicality to the contrary, in fact the farm board controls the co-operatives which are under such heavy debt to it, the farm board talks of “farmer-owned-and-controlled” co-opera-tives. Its co-operatives are not such in fact. And, until they are, and until the producer of agricultural commodities is able to get a fair profit as his share of the price the consumer pays, the co-operative movement will continue under a cloud. Before the farm board wrecks the co-operative movement, and before it is allowed to undertake any Other such stunts as unsuccessful price-pegging purchases with federal funds, the congress should determine whether this disastrous farm board experiment is worth salvaging. Another Racket Against the Poor The usurer has been condemned from the days of the Old Testament prophets to the latest report of our humanitarian agencies. Yet he flourishes in the United States today. He extorts enough yearly from bis American victims to have purchased all Palestine at the time of Solomon. Max Stern has directed our attention to the latest report of the remedial loan research department of the Russell Sage foundation. The director of this department, Mr. Henderson, estimates that more than a billion dollars in usurious interest is collected each year in this country by loan sharks. To this billion must be added indirect losses at the hands of the usury pirates, including bankruptcy, attached wages and loss of jobs. The usury racket has attained the dimensions of a national “big business.” There are more than a dozen large usury chains in operation. They are united for publicity and for opposition to legislation designed to protect the poor man, who must secure small loans in a hurry to prevent disaster. To illustrate the extortions, Mr. Henderson states that it is usual for the loan sharks to get back $58.50 op a loan of $35 running for three months. The rates r Negroes arc stepped up 50 per cent. The abuse

The Indianapolis Times (A BCKIPPM-HOWARD NEWSPAPER) U J?, n d Publi *hed dally (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos.. 214-220 West Maryland Street. Indianapolis, Ind. Price In Marlon Conntr, 2 cents a copy; elsewhere. 8 cents—delivered by carrier. 12 cents a week. Mall subscription rates In Indiana. $3 a year: outside of Indiana. 65 cents a month. BOYD GCRLET ROY W. OOWABD. EARL D BAKER Editor President Business Manner PHONE—KIIey MTU TUESDAY. DEC. 1. 1931. Member of United Press. Scripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

is growing alarmingly right now, due to the depression and the frequent desperate need of small loans. Some twenty-six states have passed some sort of legislation designed to curb these loan leeches, and Mr. Henderson estimates that about 80 per cent of the extortion takes place in those states which have no regulatory legislation. Here certainly is a fertile field for federal or state legislation. If we are willing to support a vast army to keep beer away from the lips of the poor man, we should not hesitate to put on the statute books protection against this brand of human vermin who prey on the critical want and misfortunes of their fel-low-men. More Mortgages We grow tired of the farm problem because it has been with us for so long; but approximately a third of our population is dependent upon agriculture for its livelihood, and, until the buying power of this third is restored, our economic condition can not improve greatly. A survey of 6,228 farmers just completed shows that these farmers averaged net receipts of $759 for the last year’s work. Out of this meager sum, the farmer was required to meet all living expenses, pay interest and principal of debts, and make improvements. In 1929, the cash balance of these farmers averaged $1,097. The net income of farmers in some of the south central states was as low as $214 last year. Instead of 5.1 farms per thousand changing hands as a result of tax delinquency, 7.4 per thousand were surrendered; and transfers as a result of mortgage foreclosures averaged 18.7 per thousand, instead of 15 7, the number last year. These figures drive home the gravity of one problem confronting the new congress. Farmers trying to live on $214 a year, when crops are good, can’t wait any longer for nature or necromancy to save them. Plans for their relief already tried have proved ineffective. It is not the impoverished farmers alone who are suffering from their impoverishment. Industry, which would like to sell these millions of farmers new pumps and bath tubs and reapers and milk separators and parlor furniture and automobiles and clothes, suffers from their lack of money. So do the unemployed of industry. The agriculture committee of the senate has begun a study of the farm problem, but is not optimistic about its ability to get effective legislation at this session. If there ever was a time when executive and legislative branches of government alike should forget politics and devote themselves to the economics of a grave problem, this is the time. Confirming Bad Impressions Football at Sing Sing —or anything which will humanize prison life—is to be welcomed. But such a steal as that of Sunday, Nov. 22, will not help in prison or out. Thinking they were playing a team made up of active members of the Port Jervis police force, the Sing Sing prison team learned at the close of the game that they had been played for suckers. The team they opposed was made up of “ringers" —expert football players temporarily sworn in as cops for the period of the game. Such a ruse might have been a fair joke outside prison W'alls. But one of the main obstacles which must be met and overcome in trying to reform criminals is the belief of the latter that they are not worse than those outside. Such an episode as that of Nov. 22 only will confirm this deplorable suspicion. If we want convicts to go straight when released, we must treat them squarely while they are behind bars. School Economy From Dr. Frank P. Graves, state commissioner of education in New York, there came the other day a very sensible comment on the current economy wave that is affecting school systems everywhere. He remarked, in brief, that economy can be overdone when it is applied to schools, and that the school system is just about the last department that ought to be affected when state and city expenditures have to be reduced. “Education," says Dr. Graves, “should not be re-, quired to adapt its program to these recurring economic cycles. . . . The children of these lean years must not be denied their birthright if our citizenry is in the future to maintain the level of its character and capacity.” There is a lot of sense in that. City and state budget directors profitably might keep it in mind. Grape juice companies still are paying dividends, though packing companies probably are having a hard time trying to make both ends meat. Dino Grandi eluded fifty New York detectives and police. Why, you might think he was in Chicago. By this time it is evident that in the Manchurian theater of war China has missed her queue.

Just Every Day Sense BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

1 NEVER mingle with a group of mothers without becoming more firmly convinced that we take our children too seriously. In other words we are so distressed with our parental responsibilities that we lose sight of the fact that about half the time our opinions are wrong. It’s no wonder, of course, that the modern mother is bewildered. She stands between the devil of psychology and the deep sea of sentimentalism. On the one side she hears that she must cast aside all her former coddling softness and, on the other, that nothing will work on her job save the sweet generalities that so long have been the earmarks of the maternal. With whatever school she may be allied, I feel sure that a good hearty laugh at herself now and then would be a very good thing for everybody. We women ought to get some perspective on ourselves. We should stand off and regard our obsessions to find out how funny we are. and how pathetic. n n n THE average man loves his mother. But how seldom he listens to her! Her excellently meant advice usually goes in one ear and out the other. And the strange thing is that time so often proves the child, rather than the mother, to oe right. This upsets our theories. I kfcow, but its glaring truth is not to be evaded. And after all, motherhood is no actual guarantee of infallibility, which is a thought we should keep in the forefront of our minds when we try to arrange our children’s lives for them. We trust to the decency of our neighbors and friends We believe in the honesty of our grocer. We have a sort of fundamental faith in mankind. But somehow we are always in doubt about our children, which is only another way of giving ourselves a pat on the back. Parents should cultivate four esseptial habits. They contain the essence of all wisdom tor the rearing of families—laughter, love, leniency and reliance.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

What Do Factional Leaders Expect to Accomplish by Daring and Double-Daring Each Other to Do This and That? NEW YORK, Dec. 1. —Governor Gifford Pinchot of Pennsylvania says that he will not give all his income for unemployment relief, as senator James J. Davis suggested, but that he will give onefourth. It all began with the Governor's attempt to borrow a million from Secretary Andrew Mellon at 4 per cent, until such time as a state bond issue could be passed. Mr. Mellon promised to “think it over,” but everyone knew what that meant,. Then Senator Davis entered the fray by proposing that Governor Pinchot join him in donating their entire revenue for the current year." Such grandstanding over a serious situation does little good, especially when the political angle is too obvious for any one to miss. * A Lot of Wind THE proposed hunger march cn Washington is made of the same cheap stuff—just a lot of wind to no purpose. There is hunger in this country, and many good people actually are straining themselves to relieve it, but the political wrangling and soapbox orating have contributed little by way of relief. What do a few hundred paraders expect to accomplish by bumming their way to the nation’s capital? What do factional leaders expect to accomplish by daring and doubledaring each other to do this or that? n n Up Against It YOU’D think the depression was a vaudeville show the way some people take it—just a good opportunity to clog dance, or spout in the spotlight. Well, it isn’t. It’s about he soberest proposition we Americans have been up against since the Civil war. There are several million ablebodied men and women out of work in this country, while taxable incomes have fallen off by 25 per cent within the last two years and the federal government is rolling up a deficit which promises to reach two billion dollars by next June. It’s all right to say that business can’t be any worse because it has reached bottom, and that the tide is bound to turn. All of us hope so, but something more is required not on’y to provide meat and drink for the hungry, but to make the necessary readjustments. nun It’s a Big Problem THIS country still has a big problem on its hands, and one that can not be solved by predicting, or waiting for better times. Some of the bad spots in business seem likely to remain bad, no matter how quickly, or generally conditions improve, because our economic structure was, and still is, somewhat lopsided. Many lines were over-built, overcrowded and over-capitalized as a result of the war. That means that millions of dollars and thousands of men have got to find new fields of endeavor. If farmers plant less cotton, or wheat, they must plant more of something else. If there are too many coal miners, work must be found for some of them elsewhere. n n u Room for Help THE coming session of congress faces a hard task. It can lower tariffs, raise taxes and still find that a lot needs to be done. The basic question is not how much government should interfere with business, but what it can do to help. There is obvious room for constructive legislation with regard to banking, the railroads, power and the farm marketing system. So, to, there is obvious need for some kind of a government agency which will assist people in changing jobs, trades and activities as progress requires. This is a scientific age, moving to the tune of intelligent discovery. The problems it involves are not to be met with old-fashioned political hokum.

Questions and Answers

What is the best way to keep wooden golf clubs in shape when not in use? Remove all moisture which might cause the wood shafts to warp, and oil the shafts lightly every week or two. Place the club across a flat surface, such as a table, being sure the shafts are lying flat, with the heads over the edge. Can aliens marry American women by proxy and then gain admission to the United States as a nonquota or preference-within-quota immigrants? No. Who has been appointed by President Hoover to direct the unemployment relief program this winter? Walter S. Gifford, president of the American Telephone and Telegraph Company. What was the real name of Buffalo Bill? William F. Cody. Why is it easier to run down hill than uphill? Because in running down hill one is being helped by gravitation, while in running up hill that force has to be overcome by muscular action. What was the strength of the standing army of Germany at the beginning of the World war? 866,000.

Daily Thought

To speak evil of no man, to be no brawlers, but gentle, shewing all meekness unto all men.— Titus 3:2. He who has no pleasure in looking up. is not fit so much as to look down.—Washington AUston.

And We Thought We’d Heard the Last of It!

s \/ / &'/

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Treat Your Stomach Considerately

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hvgeia. the Health Magazine. THE digestive system includes the mouth, the throat, the esophagus, the stomach, the small and large intestines. The mouth breaks up the food and contributes through the saliva a substance that digests starch. In the act of swallowing, the food passes through the throat. The esophagus apparently is just s tube for transmitting food to the stomach. It is, however, a fairly long tube, and if it becomes inflamed or develops ulcers of varicose veins or any other type of disturbance, a serious condition results. Physicians •who study the diseases of digestion are convinced that the habitual bolting of rough food or drinking fluids that are too hot

IT SEEMS TO ME

THE clearest picture of the Mooney case and the most convincing argument for his exoneration have been made by labor leader’s bitterest enemy. Former District Attorney Edward A. Cunha, responsible for the original conviction, has announced that he is eager to fight the issuance of a pardon if his services are called for by the state. And Mr. Cunha proceeds, according to a report in the New York Times, to outline the reason for his opposition. In this statement he makes not a single assertion that Tom Mooney is guilty of the crime for which he has been imprisoned. Instead, he advances an entirely different set of reasons. First of all, Mr. Cunha says: “Mooney could have had a parole some time ago, but he does not want that. He has the idea that he is a martyr of the Red government, and he wants a pardon so that there will be no restriction on his Red activities if he gets out of prison. He pictures himself mounted on a white horse with a Red banner in his hand leading the Red mob.” n n n Who'll Pardon the State? IN regard to the parole, it should be pointed out that a release under these conditions would not be an exoneration. It would require the released prisoner to make regular reports to officials and to remain under a constant check. His sentence would be abrogated only during good behavior. And bad behavior would undoubtedly be interpreted as including radical utterances of any kind. In other words, the state of California has offered Mooney his freedom only in return for recantation of political and economic beliefs. Under these circumstances it hardly seems to me that Tom Mooney is fantastic if he thinks of himself as a martyr of the Red movement.” That is precisely the position in which he sits. Mr. Cunha goes on to say: “He has been called a labor leader, and sincere labor people have been hoodwinked into supporting his cause. Copies of his owm personal letters, signed with his signature, •which are in our possession, show that he was a traitor to organized labor, that he and his associates believed that organized labor was an impediment to their plans and that they had launched an active campaign to overthrow the labor unions before Mooney was arrested for first degree murder.” This adds a second charge to the accusation against Tom Mooney. He is, according to Mr. Cunha, a revolutionist against the existing economic system and also, which follows inevitably enough, a foe of the American Federation of Labor. But this does not carry a penalty under the law, of life imprisonment. tt n u Tried for Something Else ■vyEITHER of these charges enx tered into the indictment under which he was convicted. California has a very stringent statute against criminal syndicalism. If Mooney were exonerated and freed, he conceivably enough might be arrested again in a short time and convicted foi uttering sentiments which would

may, by repeated irritation, lead to the production of ulcers and eventually to narrowing of the esophagus. The food once properly chewed and softened leaves the stomach, where it is converted into a still smaller consistency. The stomach is capable of standing a good deal of punishment and does. However, a willing horse can be overworked and it is not safe to overtax any stomach. Overindulgence in sweet foods, in starchy foods, in meats, or a departure in any way from a wellbalanced dietary, as is pointed out by Dr. William Gerry Morgan, may so tax the functions of the stomach as to result in time in disturbances. In the small intestines other processes are carried on because other ferments come to the small intestines from the pancreas. The

bring him under the scope of the California anti-radical law. Such imprisonment fundamentally would be as ill-advised as the present one. But, at least, it would have a certain merit of logic. It is a pity that all the Mooney baiters are not quite as frank as Mr. Cunha. Some still insist on referring to Mooney as the “bomber of the Preparedness parade.” I have seen scores of letters in various newspapers asking, “What of the dead?” The writers seem to maintain against all the evidence that the problem concerns Mooney’s actual participation in this crime. But Edward A. Cunha, who is thoroughly familiar with all the circumstances of the prosecution, and the subsequent evidence of perjury upon the part of witnesses, makes no such assertion. He does not accuse Mooney of murder. He charges him only with being a radical. The thing can be simplified greatly if California will have the nerve and audacity to stand forward boldly and declare: “Os course, Mooney did not throw the bomb. But we are keeping him in jail for life because he is a Communist sympathizer.” Then there would be no need to go over and over the record of flimsy testimony and argument concerning the bomb outrage which by now has become wholly irrelevant. n n Not Sure of His Camp AS a postscript, it ir ight be added that Tom Mooney’s political and economic philosophy is clouded with a highly emotional quality. It is difficult at the moment to identify his precise position. The American Communists have lost practically all their enthusiasm

M TODAY Ml Ay' IS THE- v-f 7 WORLD WAR \ ANNIVERSARY °7>ire

BREAK BRITISH LINE December 1 ON Dec. 1, 1917, the German forces broke through the British line south of Villers-Guislan and advanced almost two miles, reaching Gouzeaucourt. The Germans, however, were repulsed in anew attack on Moeuvres. French troops beat off an attack at Fosses wood. American and Canadian engineers, working on British railways in the vicinity, joined in the battle at Gouzeaucourt. The kings of Norway, Denmark and Sweden on this date agreed to stick together, irrespective of the length of the war. They also agreed to maintain netrality toward all belligerent powers. The German reichstag vote! a credit of 15,000,000,000 marks ($3,000,000,000). Since the United States entered the war a total of 1,394 men in various branches of military service have died, been wounded or reported captured, according to a report of the war department.

small intestine is twenty-three feet long. Here the food, reduced to somewhat uniform mass by the stomach, is further digested and absorbed. On an average, six to eight hours are required for food to pass from the mouth to the end of the small intestine. The large intestine is chiefly associated with elimination. Dr. Morgan emphasizes the fact that the person in good health whose various systems and organs are working normally is not likely to have any digestive disturbance, if he uses common sense and has a good cook. If he is careful to abstain from food when overheated, chilled, or in a state of fatigue; if he will use tea, coffee, milk or other drinks in moderation and neither too hot nor too cold, he probably will find that his digestive process will go on with but little trouble.

uv HEYWOOD BROUN

for him during the last few weeks. In the old days his name constantly was in the headlines of the Dally Worker. But that organ has dropped him entirely from its columns because his exoneration through the Walk-er-Walsh appeal would not be marked as a triumph of Communist mass pressure. Mooney in jail has been willing to co-operate with various radical and liberal groups which are themselves in bitter opposition. He has sent warm letters of acknowledgment to Socialist friends, Communists and to men like Frank Walsh, who does not belong in either camp. Yet it can not justly be said that he has taken any backward steps in maintaining his opposition to the present structure of his country. His refusal to accept a parole is sufficient evidence of his pride in being a rebel. It now is up to California to indicate whether it prefers justice under the law or the left-handed process under which the community says, “Well, even if he didn’t commit the crime, we feel that it would be better to have him under lock and key, just the same, in other words, we don’t happen to approve of him.” (Copyright. 1931. bv The Times)

People’s Voice

Eidtor Times—Our Governor is, in my estimation, similar to a French king, before the French revolution. He is just a figurehead in the state government. He accepts invitations, goes on vacations, decorates his mansion, vetoes sensible bills, endorses this P. A. bunk, while people in this state, in this city, don’t even know where their next meal is coming from. Our Governor went to our President’s Rapidan camp for a council on unemployment conditions, and came back with the remark, "The rich must give up their wealth or else”—whatever that means. It sounds to me like the way a frank-

The Movies If you are interested in the movies—as most people are—then you will enjoy reading and keeping for reference, a packet of five bulletins on the subject that our Washington bureau has ready for you. They are: 1. Directory of Motion Picure Stars 2. Popular Men of the Screen 3. Popular Women of the Screen 4. Picture and Radio §tars 5. The History of Motion Pictures If you want this packet of five bulletins, fill out the coupon below and mail as directed: CLIP COUPON HERE Department B-15. Washington Bureau, The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York avenue. Washington, D C. I want the packet of five bulletins on MOTION PICTURES and inclose herewith 15 cents in coin or loose uncanceled United States postage stamps to cover return postage and handling costs. Name Street and Number cifc y State I am a reader of The Indianapolis Times. (Code No.)

Ideals and opinions expressed in Ibis column are those ol one of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without regard to (heir agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor

.DEC. 1, 1931

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

Welding Will Replace All Riveting if Science Develops a Satisfactory Testing Device. * / WANTED: An inspection device for testing welded joints. When it is found, according to Dr. Ray C. Brumfield, professor of civil engineering at Cooper Union, the sound of the riveting hammer soon will prove only a memory of the past. Professor Brumfield believes that welding will replace riveting within five years after the invention of such a device. In Professor Brumfield’s opinion, welding will prove more durable than riveting in construction of steel skyscrapers. “The lack of certainty as to the quality of a weld after it has been made is the stumbling block in the way of the new method of joining sections of steel,” Professor Brumfield explains. “There is no question of its superiority over riveting. “It is impassible to build a riveted joint stronger than the steel which is being united, or for that matter even as strong. In a weld, the point of union may be made stronger than the plate itself.” This is illustrated in tests frequently conducted for private concerns in the Cooper Union laboratories. The riveted metal invariably breaks at the joint, which is the weak point. The welded bars, however, usually crack and break at some section other than the union. ft tt tt One Defect 'Fatal' BUT in construction work, a joint can not be pulled apart to find out how strong it was. That is why some sure-fire inspection device is needed. “Engineers can not afford to take cnances on ine strength oi a single joint,” Professor Brumfield points out. “A building with 1,000 welds might have just one defective union. If this were located at a place where great strain and weight were exerted, the whole structure might come tumbling down, and with it the builder’s reputation. “The necessary instrument for calculating the strength of welds no doubt will be developed. The best method in use now is the judgment of a skilled expert. “In an effort to eliminate the human element as much as possible, some firms contracting for welding make constant laboratory tests of the finished joint. They declare j that workmen do their best only ■ when they know their product is I constantly being exposed to in- | spection. “Experiments are being conducted : with the X-ray in the hope that j this instrument may prove effective !in determining the strength of i welds. Thus far these attempts have j not been very successful. “Investigation also is being carj ried on in atomic physics which | may result in a solution to the I riddle.” n n n Welding Less Costly PROFESSOR BRUMFIELD. believes that welding not only will make for stronger construction, but for less expensive construction. “The welding process would simplify some of the details of build!mg design,” he says. “By eliminat- ; ing the rivets themselves, the weight j of large buildings and bridges might ! be decreased as much as 15 per cent. Structural weight frequently en- ; tails grave foundation problems, and | any reduction in this tonnage would \ lessen the difficulties of the builder. “Welded structures also would have more stability and stiffness. With these joints the sway of several inches which is noted in the tower of the Empire State building would be reduced approximately one-fourth. The weld eliminates the play at the joint which is present when steel is joined by rivets. “Once an accurate inspection device is found, riveting will be eliminated from building construction just as quickly as the interested parties can make the replacement and the necessary changes in personnel. * “In accordance with the policy of Cooper Union, when the laboratories are not being used by students, tests of building materials are occasionally permitted to determine whether construction companies are meeting the requirements imposed by law."

• furter would look through a microscope. We haven’t a French king, but we have a Governor. We haven’t a reign of terror, but we have an election a year from this November, and that’s the way to get rid of him. We need a Governor more on the order of “Alfalfa Bill” Murray of Oklahoma, a man who commands state and national attention, who has the people more at heart than his office. A Governor can do more for the people than ours has, and he can do it daily. We need a Governor who is for democracy, and democracy is for the people, and being for the people is alleviating their distress, bettering conditions, and making this a better state to live in. Keeping up Hoosier hospitality ir all right, but the condition this stau is in, the people who need bread and jobs, hospitality doesn’t extend to them. What should we feed them, Governor —cake? CARLTON G.