Indianapolis Times, Volume 43, Number 174, Indianapolis, Marion County, 30 November 1931 — Page 6

PAGE 6

t t K I P P 1 - M O*V *JtG

A Million a Year Income tax figures for 1930, Just made public, are doubly Important because upon them will be based the tax fight in the next congress. We almost can hear the opponents of higher taxes on the higher incomes protesting that this class has been so narrowed as to prove unprofitable as a tax source. They will point to the fact that last year there were only 149 persons In the class with net incomes of $1,000,000 and over, while there were 504 in 1929. Also they may point to reductions in the numbers in all the higher income classes. But that argument will not answer the question of how to meet the treasury deficit, how to provide more money for federal works for the unemployed, and how to bring about enough redistribution of wealth to revive the public’s purchasing power. Even if fewer people had incomes of $1,000,000 and over last year, the full 504 of the preceding year still are immensely wealthy, still have enormous incomes. When you boost the tax of the man with an Income of $5,000 and less, you tax his all; and that when you tax the man with an income of $25,000, or $150,000, or $500,000, or $1,000,000, you only tax part of his surplus. His fortune remains. It is axiomatic that a just and efficient tax system takes most from those most able to pay. Because the administration reduced the taxes of the wealthy during the prosperity period we now have an accumulating federal deficit which will reach $3,000,000,000 at the end of the fiscal year. In times of depression it is not possible to make up that deficit and carry the current load from taxes on the decreased earnings of wealth. But it is possible to raise the higher income taxes to the war emergency scale, and keep them there until future prosperity has wiped out the present deficit and provided a safe surplus for future lean years. The Home Market Next Since the Hoover tariff-tinkerers worked such mischief with America’s foreign trade, a rival wrecking crew has taken the field to smash with equal thoroughness the home market. The country is indebted to Hugh Bancroft, publisher of Barron’s Weekly, for his frankness in voicing the philosophy of these new raiders upon the American living standard. “Wages and salary scales must be reduced at least to a degree corresponding to the fall in commodity prices and the reductions must be taken in good part by all concerned,” he writes. "Or we must face the closing down of all industry and its starting up again with new labor secured from the 7.000,000 men now out of work, who will soon be willing to- take work at any wages they can get.” There is scant danger for such a general lockout of American labor as here is suggested. There is danger that employers foolishly might adopt this false economy and hasten the destruction, by general wageslashing, of the only remaining market left for American goods. • The usually accurate American Federation of Labor statistics reveal that the deflation of labor’s wages already has been nearly twice as great as that of living costs. The decline in the average income of factory workers who have kept their jobs has been 22.4 per cent since 1929 and up to last September. In the same time the decline in living costs has been 12 per cent. Rate of destruction of the home market is shown by the fact that wage-earners’ incomes, including those of the unemployed, have fallen $20,000,000,000 in the last two years, $11,000,000,000 in the last year. Compared with this, other losses due to the depression 6eem insignificant. Bank failures in the year ended last Oct. 1 resulted in the closing of banks with deposits of only $1,500,000,000, much of which does not represent depositors’ net losses. All business failures for the last year involved only $750,000,000. If the United States gave away its entire foreign trade, a matter of $5,150,000,000 in exports in the peak year of 1929, this loss still would be less than one-half that of the inroads being made into American buying power through deflation of wages. Every new wage cut increases the havoc. As we watch our foreign trade melt away under retaliatory foreign tariffs, let us at least save the home market from the same fate. Democrats and the Tariff When Representative Rainey of Illinois declares for tariff reduction it should mean something. Rainey is the prospective Democratic floor leader of the house of representatives. When congress meets next week the Democrats will be in absolute control of the house, and through co-operation with the Republican progressives can control senate legislation. Rainey’s lower tariff statement of today is the first declaration of its kind to come, from a Democrat in a key tariff position. The fact that this statement was put out by the Democratic national committee adds to its importance. Whether it is true, as this statement seems to indicate, that the Democratic leaders have decided on definite tariff cuts at this cession of congress, we have no way of knowing. But we hope it is true. If it is true, it means that these Democratic leaders are preparing to fight not only the Republican old guard, which has the effrontery to call for an even higher tariff, but also the high tariff faction in the Democratic party. Hitherto only a small and valiant Democratic group has opposed directly the high tariff course charted by Chairman Raskob and candidate A1 Smith in the last campaign. The Hawley-Smoot law, against which Rainey and some other Democrats protest, was enacted with the aid of Democratic votes. Only the most courageous and intelligent type of leadership will be able to recapture the Democratic party from its high tariff spree. As Rainey says, the high tariff largely is responsible for our heavy losses In foreign trade. “International trade slowed up last year five billion dollars. It will slow up this year, in all probability, more than that. In Imitation of our tariffs, or in retaliation, foreign governments have so increased their tariffs that in many instances they are higher than ours, and back of those foreign tariff walls American industry with American capital is establishing branch plants.” Rainey proposes: "We should, in my judgment, pass a bill, and both parties ought to support it in congress, lowering tariff rates with a reciprocity clause providing that none of the rates can be called into effect unless and until, as to some item or group of items, some foreign nation shall establish the same tariff rates or lower tariff rates.” On most items and on the products of most countries we would not have to wait for such a reciprocal t

The Indianapolis Times (A BCRIPFS-HOWABD NEWSPAPER) Owned and published dally (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos.. 214-220 West Maryland Street, Indianapolis, Ind. Price in Marion County, 2 cents a copy; elsewhere. 3 cents—delivered by carrier. 12 cents a week. Mail subscription rates in Indiana. $3 a year: outside of Indiana. 63 cents a month. BOYD Gbit LET. ROY W HOWARD. EARL D BAKFR _____ Editor President Business Manner ' I’HONB—Riley 3351 . MONDAY. NOV. 30. 1931. Member of United Press, Scrlpps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

cut, as foreign rates* generally are still much lower than ours. This tariff issue is not an academic matter. It is a big factor In the American depression. It is directly responsible for hundreds of thousands of unemployed workers. Our past prosperity was based upon a foreign trade which absorbed our 10 per cent surplus of industrial production; that 10 per cent represents our profit margin, the difference between prosperity and depression. America can exist, but it can not prosper behind a tariff wall which shuts off our world markets. The End of Eldorado The remarkable prosperity of the United States has been due to the fact that we have been able to develop a successive series of highly profitable industries. First came the fur trade, the rum and slave trade, tobacco raising, the rice and indigo culture, and the origins of agriculture. These served to carry the colonies to relative prosperity. About the same time that our federal Constitution was adopted, Samuel Slater brought the cotton textile industry from England. Railroad building, the conquest of the frontier, and discovery of gold followed on Its heels. Then came the new iron*and steel Industry, based on the Inventive genius of Bessemer and Kelly, the oil industry from Drake to Rockefeller, the building of transcontinental railroads, the beginning of great mergers, and the advantages of large-scale industry. The final stage came with the introduction of industrial chemistry from Germany, the remarkable expansion of communication facilities—telegraph, telephone, radio, and the growth of the automobile and rubber industries. These were accompanied by the age of skyscrapers and other vast enterprises in the building and engineering industries and by the rise of banking control of industry and commerce. The present depression is in part a result of the unduly concentrated absorption of the social income and in part a manifestation of the end of the period of Eldorado In American economic history. There may be no more new and vast worlds for American industry and invention to conquer. Such Is the contention of S. McClatchie in an article on “Industrialism Near Journey’s End,” in the North American Review. Mr. McClatchie points out that there have been some seven great, problems which have challenged American industrialism: (1) The introduction of machines and the provision of labor-saving devices; in short, the installation of the empire of machines. (2) The improvement of transportation from the pack on the back of the fur-trader to the airplane pilot, who crosses the continent in eleven hours. (3) The perfection of the communication of information, from the pony mail messenger to telephone and radio-telephony across the Atlantic. (4) The provision of cheap fuel and of diverse materials and compounds from aluminum to bakelite. (5) The efficient preservation and distribution of food. (6) Housing. (7) Entertainment and recreation, which has become an organized commercial enterprise chiefly since the days of P. T. Barnum. We are at “journey’s end” in most of these Industries. Electric refrigeration in homes still has a considerable future. Television may provide entertainment for the rich minority some years ahead. The airplane may be considerably improved and exploited more thoroughly, but it never can play the part that the automobile has in giving an almost explosive spurt to American industry. Housing is the only field of major industrial operation where something on a grand scale still might be accomplished: “No traveler from Europe can fail to be Impressed by the unspeakable ugliness of American habitations. Aside from a few dwellings of the well-to-do, they bear the unmistakable mark of makeshift. It is the makeshift of the transient, the exploiter, and the gold-seeker. “Nowhere in all America is there to be found the smugness of an English village, the artistry of the Bavarian highland town, the fitness of the Swiss chalet . . . What could be more worth while than to build ourselves a paradise of bowered homes? Our pioneering days are over. It is time we settled down to live." Whether one agrees with the latter suggestion, McClatchie has proved his point that we now are in a period without precedent. If there is anything more to conquer, it is the problem of sane living. The mad chase for wealth by leaps and bounds over new expanses of industrial evolution now is in the hands of the historian, not the industrialist.

Just Every Day Sense BY MRS WALTER FERGUSON

" r I 'HE men,” remarks Mr. Fulton Ousler, “are thinking long thoughts these days over the way women lead them around by the nose.” I can imagine they are. And these thoughts probably end in gleeful chuckles when they see how they are pulling the wool over our eyes. For with all the masculine cries of distress and the gestures of rebellion, modem men seem strangely supine in their bonds of slavery. They may think about, it, but their thoughts are not too disturbing, since they do nothing at all to free themselves. The truth is, that the American man never was more comfortable so far as his women are concerned than he is today. It’s the first time in many generations that he’s had a breathing spell from supporting a passel of females. We. to be sure, make a great fuss about our working independence, without realizing that we have a good deal more of the first than the second. And the men wisely keep still or talk about how suppressed they are, and let us take on more and more jobs. * a THE rich man sits in his walnut paneled office, with women stenographers and secretaries to do his bidding and to wait upon his whims, while the poor man out of a job usually has some feminine relative willing to support him. Men have less real responsibility today than they have had for centuries. They are' far more skittish about marriage. Getting one of them to the altar is the hardest task faced by the modern girl. And once persuaded to make the trip, the slightest little unpleasantness will cause them to walk out on the ladies. It follows naturally that with just so much work to be done in the world, the more women do, the less men will have to do. Perhaps this is one of the long thoughts the male is pondering. If things keep on I shall not be surprised to see us landed right back plump into the dark ages, with the women doing everything and the gentlemen enjoying complete leisttre. 4

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

In Spite of All the Fine Gestures, One Gets the Impression France Is Interested Only in Profit and Security. NEW FORK, Nov. 30.—First, Secretary Stimson made no such statement as was accredited to him by a Japanese news service and has paused all Japan to get more or less hot and bothered. Second, that “Japanese spokesman,” who grabbed the spotlight so promptly to act as chief denouncer, turns out to have been representing the army, not the government. Third, the offensive against Chinchow not only has been called off, but, if press reports are correct, the Japanese forces are being drawn in all along the line. In other words, the prospects for a peaceful settlement of the Manchurian situation are brighter than they have been at any time during the last six weeks, and this is due largely to such a series of silly blunders as waked people up to the real danger, especially people in responsible positions. tt tt tt U, S. Stocks Sag OTHER news was less encouraging. On Wednesday, Premier Pierre Laval of France let it be known that he stood for the priority of reparations, meaning that, of all German debts, the allied claims for war damage must come first. Those who have loaned Germany the cash with which to pay a large position of these claims thus far hardly coujd be expected to applaud M. Laval’s view. Asa general proposition, the effect of his remarks was bad throughout the world. American stocks sagged and the pound sterling suffered a sharp decline. Maybe, that is exactly what M. Laval and his associates wanted, that it is their idea of peace to induce other people to grant Germany credit with which to meet her reparation payments and then declare that they can not get their money until the reparation account has been satisfied. tt tt tt A Poor Background NOR was M. Laval’s pronouncement the only French incident to cause disquiet. Last Friday night a great crowd of Parisians broke up an international peace meeting, and the next day Parisian newspapers condoned the offense by scolding promoters of the meeting for going at it in the wrong way. Whatever else may be said of it, such an occurrence forms a mighty poor background for the efforts which M. Briand is making to compose the Orient. Neitiftr can the gratuitous insults offered such distinguishel men as Lord Cecil, Senator Borah and former Ambassador Houghton be regarded as without significance. Admitting that the proponents of peace might have made mistakes in their zeal, there was no call for Paris to stage an exhibition of hoodlumism. It Has a Bad Odor IN spite of all the fine gestures and fine talk, one finds it difficult to escape the impression that France is interested only in peace and disarmament as long as either serves her interest. Her maintenance of such a tremendous military establishment, her financial manipulations, her disposition to throw obstacles in the way of anything of general advantage, as was illustrated by her attitude toward the Hoover moratorium last July and, above all else, her antagonism to unofficial peace propaganda, though she poses as godmother of the League of Nations, make it hard to believe that she is not victimized by a divided sentiment on all questions, except that of profit and security. The coming conference on German debts will prove futile if it does not result in a showdown with regard to France’s attitude,* not only toward the particular questions involved, but toward the larger problem of peace through co-oper-ation on the one hand, and common concessions on the other. Certainly the peace movement is doomed if fish is to be served some and fowl others.

Questions and Answers

How did the Dead Sea get its name? Because its waters are so thoroughly impregnated with salt that no fish or shell fish or any other animal life of any kind, except the lowest forms, is known to exist in it, it was named Dead Sea. When was the state of Colorado admitted to the Union and how many states were admitted ahead of it? Colorado was the thirty-eighth state and was admitted in 1889. In what county in Virginia is the city of Alexandria? It is an independent city, not in any county. Where are the headquarters of the Camp Fire Girls organization? 41 Union Square, New York. How many radio stations are there in New York, Berlin, the United States and in the world? New York, has 7, Berlin, 6; the United States, 611, and the world, 1,341. _ i Why is a four-leaf clover supposed to bring good luck? The origin of the superstition is that the four leaves are arranged in the form of a cross, for which it is supposed to have some special charm or luck for the finder. Where is Indian Lake? In the eastern part of Hamilton county, New York. It is about seven miles long.

Daily Thought

Deliver me from blood guiltiness, O God, thou God of my salvation: and my tongue shall sing | aloud of thy righteousness.— Psalms 51:14. i Guilt’s a terrible thing.-rßen Johnson.

Looks Like He Has a Real Job on His Hands

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Sleeping Sickness Takes Heavy Toll

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. A FEW years ago newspapers contained many accounts of the disease popularly called “American sleeping sickness,” which techniqally is called epidemic lethargic encephalitis, and now called epidemic encephalitis. Unquestionably the disease was known hundreds of years ago under the name of “nona.” In 1915 cases appeared in Rumania, and the first careful study of the condition was made by the Austrian physician, Von Economo, in 1917. He described the mask-like appearance of the fact, the lethargy, the disturbance of vision, particularly double vision, which are characteristic of the disease.

IT SEEMS TO ME

A YOUNG man hailed me at a stage door a few nights ago and said: “Can I have your autograph?” I just had been in to call on Alexander Woollcott, the actor, and it is likely that the curio collector mistook me momentarily for that leading man. This might explain his startled surprise when I profanely shoved him aside and knocked the album from his hands. A little later it seemed to me that I owed the handwriting expert an apology and an explanation. But it would have taken too long. I will make it now. On a crisp October morning in the year 1931 a man of middling stature walked into a bank and drew the sum of SSOO out of my meager account through the medium of a check in which I had not co-operated. On account of my personal lack of facilities, the forgery did not come to my attention until a month later. In the beginning it seemed the natural thing to do to rush around to the bank and yell bloody murder. tt tt a Chose a Bad Time THERE has never been in the entire history of the United States a period of prosperity so great as to anesthetize me against the loss of SSOO. It is always a painful extraction. And this time the culprit picked a moment most singularly inappropriate. It was not what I would call a tactful crime. The miscreant massacred my balance, but more than that, he led me into endless interrogation. First of all they wanted to know whether anybody was familiar with my signature. Unfortunately, I never played the. role of Button Gwinnett. In my time I have signed menus, radio applause cards, newspaper clippings and looseleaf pages for persons who thought they were on the way to autograph collection by beginning with Uncle Don and Heywood Broun. I was a sucker for return postal cards. tt tt tt Suspected NEXT they wanted to know if I suspected anybody. Naturally you can’t lose SSOO without suspecting a lot of people. Some years ago I had a secretary who just had finished his third term for forgery. But I couldn’t suspect him, he had another weakness. When he started on the job I said: “If it’s just a letter saying ‘I liked your Wednesday column,’ don’t bother me with it. Just write ‘Thanks’ and sign my name. Or if it’s ‘I didn’t like the Wednesday column,’ you attend to that by. only saying ‘Sorry’ instead of ‘Thanks.’ “I’m afraid I couldn’t do that, Mr. Broun,” said the forger. “You know, I write such a rotten hand that nobody can make out what I’m trying to say.” Maybe that explained the three terms. And in the long years, of course, there have been other people passing by with the confession of one jam or another. But I had no means of knowing whether it was an acquaintance or some stranger who had

A fairly large number of cases began to appear in the United States in 1919, and since that time the epidemic has been world-wide. The peak of the condition seems to have been reached in 1926. Early, it was recognized that patients did not tend to recover completely from this disease, but rather that recovery from the acute attack was followed by a gradual degeneration. About one-third of the patients died, and from one-half to twothirds of the survivors developed conditions which are permanent. In a series of 265 cases studied by G. A. Barthwick, a British physician in charge of a large institution for mental disturbances, it was found that 45 per cent of the cases had disturbances of behavior and

dipped into the Broun estate. It worried me a great deal. Naturally I would not rationally contend that society can be administered without prisons and jail sentences. hate them just the same. Our prison system is so insane that I would hate to act as complainant against anybody who comes to my mind. It is an ideal overpowering to the point of impracticality, but I have never forgotten that Eugene V. Debs once said: “While there is a soul in jail I am not free.” tt tt tt Considerations STILL there is no point in my Striking a high and mighty attitude. The true reason for my lack of enthusiasm about the man hunt probably lay in the fact trials are things invariably held ’way down town at 10 o’clock in the morning. Moreover, just when it seemed as if the authorities had hit upon a pretty good clew an omen bobbed up. I have not grown out of a belief in signs and portents. It was like this: The night before the investigators came to say, “Well, what do you want us to do about this?” I played in a poker game. And I won precisely SSOO. I have said that most of our criminology is cock-eyed, and that goes for other institutions, too. I had not really earned that SSOO. There were two women in the game. I could not honestly take a stiff and vindictive attitude about prop-

M TODAY jbs IS THE- <&> WORLD WAR annwersarv

LANSDOWNE’S PROPOSAL November 30

r\N Nov. 30, 1917, Lord Lansdowne precipitated a furore by a declaration in London urging the allies to restate their war aims in an attempt to bring about peace before “the prolongation of the war leads to the ruin of the civilized world.” He suggested that an immense stimulus would be given the peace party in Germany if it were understood that: 1. We do not desire the annihilation of Germany. 2. We do not seek to impose on the German people any government other than that of their own choice. 3. We have no desire to deny to Germany her place among the great commercial communities of the world. 4. When the war is over we are ready to examine, in concert with other powers, a group of international problems. 5. We are prepared to enter into an international pact for settlement of international disputes by peaceful means. Lord Lansdowne’s statement produced a violent discussion in England, and with few exceptions influential newspapers and publicists condemned his suggestions, criticised the action as untimely, and as likely to create impressions of divided counsels in influential quarters.

46 per cent had what is called the Parkinsonian syndrome, because of its resemblance to the condition called Parkinson’s disease or shakeing palsy. The disturbances of behavior included nocturnal excitement, outbursts of tamper, propensity of destructiveness, vagrancy, stealing, precocious egotism, and in general a loss of mental control over elementary instinctive reactions. The physical disturbances included tremors and spasms of the muscles, disturances of respiration and vision, paralysis and at times convulsions like those of epilepsy. Obviously patients with this type of condition are best treated in institutions where they are away from the kind of contacts that they have at home.

DV HEYWOOD BROUN

erty rights. So I said to the authorities, “Let’s forget it.” I hope the gentleman who forged the check is a newspaper column addict. I don’t u T ant him to try it again. I believe he would be caught the next time. And that might be during a week in which I lost in the poker game. (Copyright, 1931. by The Times)

People’s Voice

Editor Times—ln regards to an editorial in The Times some time ago regarding the Americanization meeting held in Cadle Tabernacle under auspices of the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States, I wish to state that you are very narrow-minded In regards to an organization of real service men who had real foreign service in all wars from the Spanish-American war until the World war, or you are a pro-Communist yourself. I prefer to believe the latter. The V. F. W. has fought for American principles at all times and has fought for and put through practically all bills in congress that have benefited ex-service men of all wars These include the wonderful compensation certificates, the nonservice connected disability laws, an increase in Spanish-American war veteran’s pensions, and G. A R pensions and, with the D. A. V. they got the 50 per cent so-called bonus and had the guts in their national convention at Kansas City to go on record for the rest of It in the next congress. I am not writing this as a paid publicity man, like another service organization maintains, but as an ex-service man who left a good job a wife, and two small sons to enlist and be a good enough American as my relatives were before me, to go into foreign countries, away from nearly two years, and fight for the protection of the men women and children left behind. And now you come out with the statement that there are no Reds m the country, just men crying for jobs. You either are just plain

An American Plant and Plan THE COLUMBIA CONSERVE COMPANY is planned on American lines, it puts into industry what the Founders put into government—a real democracy among workers in Industry as there is a real democracy of citizenship. No unemployment, no big overhead, just a group of workers who endeavor to put out the finest products. When you buy COLUMBIA soups, chili con carne, catsup, pork and beans or tomato juice, you get the quality that such a system insures. ON SALE AT ALL REGAL STORES

Ideals and-opinions expressed sn this column are those of one of America’s roost interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor

.NOV. 30, 1931

SCIENCE _ BY DAVID DIETZ

Industry Uses 2>o Billion Pounds of Copper a Year, Most of it in Alloys. '-pHE present age frequently Is called the age of steel. But it is also the age of copper. If steel ! forms the skeleton of modern civilization, then copper forms its nervous system. For copper wires unite •the telephones and telegraph machines of the nation. Copper wires carry the current that lights the electric lamps and runs the electric motors. And a radio station, although once called a “wireless station,” nevertheless contains some miles of copper wire. The importance of copper was discussed by Dr. W. R. Hibbard of the American Brass Company at the recent "Conference on Metals and Alloys” held at Case School of Applied Science. Just as iron is today the basis of countless alloys—simple steels which contain carbon as well as iron, and more complex ones which contain chromium, vanadium, tungsten and so on—so copper is the basis today of many alloys. "Copper alloys include copper-zinc alloys ranging from 56 per cent copper upward, copper-tin with a maximum of 10.5 per cent tin, cop-per-zinc-led. copper-zinc-tin. cop-per-zinc-nickel, copper-aluminum, copper-silicon-Manganese and various modifications of some of these alloys by additions of manganese, silicon, aluminum, iron and including the use of such deoxidizers as phosphorus, silicon, manganese, calcium boride, etc.” says Dr. Hibbard. tt tt tt Two Billion Pounds THE annual consumption of copper is more than 2,000,000,000 pounds. The last available figure is for 1929, Dr. Hibbard says. The consumption that year was 2,319,000,000 pounds. Dr. Hibbard furnishes the following figures from Metal Statistics to show the amount of copper used by various industries in 1929, the figures given being for millions of pounds: Electrical manufactures 522 Telephones and telegraphs 328 Light and power lines 254 Wire cloth 18 Other wire 212 Ammunition 14 Automobiles 275 Buildings 118 Castings 159 Clocks and watches 8 Coinage 2 Copper bearing steel 6 Fire-fighting apparatus 5 Heating radiators 2 Radio receiving sets 31 Railway eo.uipment 19 Automatic refrigerators 34 Shipbuilding 5 Washing machines 9 Household Water heaters 4 Other uses 147 Manufacturers for export 15r tt tt tt In Machine Design MUCH copper is used in machin design, iis greatest use in thi field being in the form of coppe alloys for bushings and bearings. “Some Tobin bronze, leaded phos phor bronze and special free-cuttin r phosphor bronze rods are used foi bearing purposes,” Dr. Hibbard says. "The special free-cutting phosphor bronze has a nominal composition of 88 per cent copper, 4 per cent each of zinc, tin and lead, with a small amount of phosphorus. “Tobin bronze, which is an alloy containing approximately 60 per cent copper, 75 per cent tin and zinc remainder, Is used for boat shafting, pump linings, piston rods and diepressed parts and drop forgings. “In the form of welding rod, it is used to repair machinery. It is used where a tough, elastic, uniform material with high resistance to the action of corroding agents is wanted. “Die-pressed parts are made from forging brass, an alloy with a nominal composition of 60 per cerft copper, 38 per cent zinc and 2 per cent lead. “Some of these parts used in machine design are handles, knobs, caps, covers, valve bodies, gears, etc. This alloy has good machining properties. “Large quantities of slim brass are used in the assembling of machinery, and brass screening Is used for separating chips from the lubricants.” dumb or else you don’t want to know. Look up the record of a Mr. Zimmerman in our own city, who is being paid by the Soviet government to stir up trouble during the unrest due to unemployment. Go to some of the Communist meetings here in town, or go east on a May day celebration, especially New York City, where they hold their big celebration, waving their red flags, and where they maintain camps to preach Sovietism to thousands of young children, and the only organization with nerve enough to come out in the open there, as well as here, and fight for our Constitution, Is the Veterans of Foreign Wars. This organization is not being run by politicians, neither does it ask an ex-service man to join on threat of losing his job, and they at all times are ready and willing to help service men or their dependents in any way possible. I have been unemployed most of the time for the last year or so, and I have a wife and four children now, but I am an American first, last and always. You owe the V. F. W. of the United States an apology, also the speakers on the program. Also, you should study the Constitution, to see what free speech means. AN OVERSEAS EX-SERVICE MAN