Indianapolis Times, Volume 43, Number 161, Indianapolis, Marion County, 14 November 1931 — Page 4

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The Best Way Out The finest movement In this city for the relief of the unemployed is that to procure jobs by the “made work" plan. , The real demand of the workless is for work, not charity or public support. The real need is the opportunity to earn a living, and until industry is started again any semi-public organization which creates a job where none existed before is working in the right direction. It is to be hoped that the Governor’s committees will persuade some who have money to spend part of it in the betterment of their homes, but the property owner for the most part has not done the things suggested because high taxation and other influences have prevented him. It may do some good, but very little, to call attention to the desirability of painting and repairing. Every property owner would have already done this had he felt that he could afford it. But the entire theory of the made work committee is that the work provided would not otherwise be done and can not be done by private enterprise. This committee operated very successfully last year. Under the direction of G. M. Williams and Kiefer Mayer of the Chamber of Commerce it gave opportunities to many men. The city became a little more sightly, a little less slovenly in appearance. This year the need will be greater and the work should have the support of every citizen. It is because The Times believes that the one great objective is jobs and still more jobs that it has arranged to present the memorial film of Woodrow Wilson ar and turn over to that committee all the profits which may be obtained. Interest in Wilson increases with the years. People are again reading his inspiring messages. They are coming to regard his accomplishments with less partisan criticism and with deeper reverence. They are listening again for that high inspiration which once lifted the world to the heights of spiritual exaltation. It is fine to believe that were Wilson here he would be thinking in human terms of jobless men and devoting his thoughts to finding work, not charity, for American men. When Tragedy Strikes Grief, bitter grief, rules today in a little home in the west side, a home where the hopes and the ambitions of a boy had given inspirations for family sacrifice. Today the boy is dead, victim of one of those accidents that seem to be inevitable in an imperfect system of industry. Had he gone forth to battle and died before the deadly fire of an enemy gun, there would have been high tributes and military honors. He simply worked and, working, died. William Cox had his ambitions. They had to do with motor cars. He loved them. He was happy only when he watched the smoothness of their valves, happy in detecting the first signs of imperfection, happier when he had tightened a screw or nut and listened to the music of their restored power. And so he hunted jobs that would permit him to live among the motors. He went as proudly to his work as any soldier marches into battle. Fatigue meant nothing. He had the courage for the daily job, and that requires real courage. And because he worked, life was more comfortable and a little safer for those whose cars came to his attention. Some day the world will pay tribute to its soldiers of peace, privates in the army who march with the progress of civilization and of industry, content to have their share in material accomplishments that ever lift all life to higher levels. The world may learn to give its sympathy in full measure to those who perish, inevitably as many must perish, in these tasks of “common” work. The world loses much when any young and industrious boy is stopped at the doorstep of life. A Bigger Navy “Naval cut of $59,000,000 announced by President,” run the headlines. “One year naval building truce announced by Stimson.” So run other headlines. And—- “ Navy League charges Hoover ruins navy; pacifists defend Hoover’s naval economy." From these and similar headlines, doubtless the average citizen has the idea that the American navy is being reduced, if indeed it is not already on its last legs. To keep the record straight, we beg to report that such is not the case. On the contrary, the navy is large and growing. The naval personnel is not being reduoed. And far from stopping naval construction for economy purposes, the new Hoover budget calls for an increase. That much advertised cut of $59,000,000 represents nothing more serious than juggling with figures. It is merely the difference between what the navy department originally proposed to ask for next year and what it actually asks. Since it always puts its original proposals high, like every other department, those bargaining figures mean nothing. After publicity was given to that juggling of figures, the government issued anew figure which lowered the alleged saving from $59,000,000 to $17,000,000. That $17,000,000 is the difference between this year’s appropriation and the new budget requests of $343,000,000 for next year. In boasting of this alleged economy, however, the administration forgot to mention that convenient thing known as “the deficiency appropriation bill.” Each year tne navy usually has two. Last year the total of deficiency naval appropriations above the budget was $17,400,000. Based upon that experience, the total navy appropriations next year therefore will not be less than this year but at least $400,000 more than this year. * • • The prospective increase is even larger than the figures indicate, because the drop in the cost of materials and in the cost of food and clothing for personnel will leave many millions of dollars more to spend. There were two places in which Hoover had been expected to save naval appropriations to meet the ffderal deficit. One was the closing of certain socalled political navy yards—as at Boston and Charleston—which naval officers long have agreed are not needed, but which survive through political pressure. The President now has succumbed to that political pressure, and the useless navy yards will continue to Increase the federal deficit. Tho other expected economy was in new ships. In view of tho deficit, the alleged international naval building truce and the February disarmament conference, it was supposed that Hoover would postpone until after February some of his requests for

The Indianapolis Times (A !i RIPI’S-HOWARn NEWSPAPER) Owned and published dally (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos., 214-220 West Maryland Street. Indianapolis. ]nd. Price in Marion County, 2 cents a copy; elsewhere, 3 cents—delivered by carrier. 12 cents a week. Mail subscription rates In Indiana. $3 a year; outside of Indiana, 65 cents a month. BOX!) GURLEY. ROY W. HOWARD. EARL D. BAKER Editor President Business Manager ’ PHONE—RUey 5551 SATURDAY. NOV. 44. 1931. Member of United Press. Bcripns-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

a bigger navy. Instead his new budget, as announced Friday, calls for expenditures for “increases in the navy” of $57,000,000 next year—compared with $38,000.000 in 1931. • • • Thu* the President proposes a naval increase for next year, despite the cumulative prospective deficit of three billion dollars. More will be spent on the navy under the Hoover proposal than was spent in any of the prosperity years of 1926, 1927, 1928. The President himself is authority for the statement that: “The tonnage of combatant ships actually in construction by the United States today is nearly double that of Great Britain, and in addition we are engaged in the modernization of three battleships.” Despite the protests of the Navy League and the cheers of certain peace organizations over alleged naval reduction, the fact is that naval economy has not yet hit the navy and seems not apt to do so. Another Dry Reform While the country flows with bootleg liquor which the government is powerless to stop, and while the Washington administration adds to the liquor flow by subsidizing wine products, the government announces that it will dry up at least one source of alcohol. No reader could guess what this latest contribution to prohibition enforcement is. Let the official order describe the reform in its own words: “On and after Dec. 31, 1931, no further withdrawals of Intoxicating liquors will be authorized for use in the manufacture of candy. ... AH new applications for permits to use intoxicating liquora in candy and confectionery should be disapproved, and the reason therefor given as above.” We long since have given up prophecies regarding any phase of prohibition—the results are always so much worse than we fear that our prophecies look silly. But in this case we are sorely tempted to prophesy that the crime wave will not be greatly reduced by depriving candy addicts of one hundredth of 1 per cent of a thimble full of liquor, and that the morals of the nation will not be improved appreciably by removing the drop of brandy from the holiday plum pudding. The Curse of Bigness A peculiar obsession lately has afflicted mankind — the desire to create big things. We have tried frantically to achieve big circuses, big pumpkins. And most frantically have we travailed to build big cities. Who doesn’t recall the civic heartache that spread over his city when the census revealed its rival forging ahead in numbers? For instance, the rivalries between Minneapolis and St. Paul, Toledo and Cincinnati, San Francisco and Los Angeles, Cleveland and Detroit. There comes, however, a point of diminishing returns in all mere physical aggrandizement, Germany’s army reached this point in 1914, Britain’s Empire is reaching it now. And the bigger American cities, with their tiny apartments, traffic jams, and herded humanity, are wondering if they have not about reached their limit of bulk. Two interesting developments just have been recorded. First, we learn from the United States census reports that American cities relatively have grown much less than their suburbs i n the last decade. New York City proper increased its population 27 per cent; its suburbs 80 per cent. The proportion of growth of city to suburb was is. Chicago 25 to 73 per cent; Philadelphia 7 to 42.6; St. Louis 6.3 to 106.5; Cleveland 11.8 to 125.8; Buffalo 13.1 to 50.4; Baltimore 9.7 to 72.2; Indianapolis 15.9 to 80.4; Knoxville 36 to 66; Pittsburgh 7.2 to 19.8; and so on through the list. Another development is a back-to-the-farm movement for industry. The American Engineering council, noting a movement of small factories to the country, has voted to appoint a committee to plan the “integration of industry and agriculture.” The engineers see in this a happy solution to the, problem of periodic unemployment. If a factory' worker may own a small plot of land, he can defy depressions, or at least make his family secure from hunger. If a farmer can hire himself out to a nearby industry during the winter months, he can have less fear of crop failures or starvation prices. “Both the farmer and the city dweller should have some tie to the soil,” the engineering council states. “A proper Integration of agriculture and industry can in very large measure bring about such adjustment in the economic and social circumstances of both farmers and industrial workers as to add materially to their security and satisfaction of living.” Lupe Velez has just got her second sister into the movies. That’s knocking the public for a Lupe. Deserts cover only 24 per cent of the earth’s surface. But Volstead still has ambitions.

Just Every Day Sense BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

“T ONG association with the employed woman has JL/ led me to believe that the average girl will take more abuse from her boss than she ever will from her husband.” writes a man who does not think much of the feminine industrial invasion. There’s no denying his argument, although it proves nothing, since the average man also takes more abuse from his boss than he’d stand from any one else. This correspondent disagrees with me that women are fond of their work. For some unaccountable reason most men profess to believe that we prefer idleness and are happiest when we have nothing to do. This is sheer nonsense, of course, but men always have been fond of using nonsense in any discussion about women. A large part of all life’s unhappiness comes from the fact that so many of us are misfits in our jobs. This applies to both men and women. Seme nevei will succeed in finding the congenial task, and therefore will be frustrated and discontented all their days. The more fortunate will adjust themselves, or seek their work until they find it. tt n tt \ THOUSANDS of women now in offices are dissatisfied because they have a flair for domesticity and no homes in which to exercise their talents. But thousands of others are equally unhappy because, being wives and mothers, they are obliged to drudge at kitchen jobs which they hate. Such a condition is not surprising. Indeed, it seems to me inevitable in a world w’here so much unreason has gone into the standards set for women. For I am one who emphatically denies that all girls are born with a full-fledged passion&or cooking and housework, although I realize that many good people will resent this idea. We are all a bit inconsistent in our thinking about women. For instance, is it really sensible to expect the wife of a poor man to love hard work, and the same woman, if her husband grows prosperous, to enjoy idleness?

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES'

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

It's Hard to Tell When the Anti-Social Complex Behind Crime Represents Pure Cussedness or Higher Intelligence. NEW YORK, Nov. 14.—Dapper bandits, showing great familiarity with the layout of the premises, as well as exact knowledge of the time at which the postoffice would deliver a large quantity of cash, enter a New Jersey bank right after it opens for business and relieve it of $82,000 in the space of five minutes. If Dr. Louis Berman of New York is right, those bandits are probably suffering from gland trouble and need nothing but an opera tion. Having studied the subject for three years, Dr. Berman is convinced that certain crimes correspond to certain glandular disorders. Not pausing to argue the merits of such a theory, the hardest job would be selling it not only to the public, but to the criminals. Take these particular bandits, for instance, and do you suppose it would be possible to convince them that they are suffering from anything but unusual talent right now. * tt tt Crime Is Relative IF crime were a fixed commodity, it would be far easier to connect it with fixed conditions, whether physiological or psychological. The great trouble is that crime continually changes. It was no crime to sell liquor in this country, or some parts of it at least, twenty years ago. Neither was it a crime for King Alphonso to run Spain as he pleased until the recent revolution. But now our prisons and jails are being overcrowded with those who have sold liquor, while the Spanish cortes warns the former sovereign that he will risk being tried and sentenced to death if he comes back. tt tt tt It All Depends WHAT is crime anyway? Is it something we inherited, or that we manufacture as a by-prod-uct of progress? There have been times and places in \Vhich murder was not regarded as a serious crime, and in which it could be atoned for with a little money, or avenged by the immediate family. Where will you find the time or place, however, in which some act was not regarded as sufficiently offensive to merit death? tt tt tt More Laws —More Crimes THERE are no irrevocable standards by which to measure crime, much less its treatment. We make them as we go along. If a certain practice interferes with our moral conceptions, religious beliefs, or economic theories, we prohibit it. If we can make the prohibition stick, well and good. If not, we begin over again and try something else. Men have been wrestling with the crime problem since the dawn of consciousness. They never have solved it, and they never will. One reason is that every step forward develops a whole new category of rules and regulations which necessarily increase crime. tt >t # Smart or 'Cussed’? HERE is A1 Capone, sentenced to imprisonment for seventeen years after being convicted of violating the income tax law. There wasn’t any income tax law forty years ago, nor any Volstead act, which was the real bug under the chip. There wasn’t any wrong left turn, or passing up red lights, until the automobile came into being, or any dope traffic until England compelled China to take opium. No doubt, all crime has a certain degree of anti-social complex back of it, but it often is hard to tell when that complex represents pure cussedness, or higher intelligence. tt tt tt John Hancock, Smuggler According to the accepted definition of it under English law at the time, John Hancock was guilty of smuggling, but we regard him as a patriot, and so do most Englishmen of the present day. According to the code prevailing in other lands, the Serbian student who precipitated the World war by shooting Archduke Franz Ferdinand was a murderer, but Serbia has adopted him as one of her national heroes.

Views of Times Readers

Editor Times—Being but a “small shot,” as small shots go, I’m begging the indulgence of the readers of your worthy publication in a discussion of what the railroads would have us believe is a menace to their very existence, the highway motor truck. If the railroad defenders contifiue their wolf cries, they’ll have us believing that Jonah swallowed the shark rather than vice versa. Those massive trucks are quite apt to eat up the poor little railroads. My greatest resentment is the allusions to the tax-free motor truck. That is a misrepresentation of the facts. The average highway truck owner pays a license tag fee ranging from SBS to SBOO. For every dollar he has invested in his equipment, he is assessed for taxation purposes the same as the railroads, except that, speaking relatively, he is assessed closer to his true valuation. A truck making three round trips out of Indianapolis to Chicago weekly will consume approximately 240 gallons of gas and he pays the state of Indiana 4 cents for every gallon he consumes. On a yearly basis, this would amount to $499.20 for one vehicle. Get the facts from a trucker some time yourself and see if he still believes in a Santa Claus. They're going broke every day for lack of supervision by the interstate commerce commission and cut-throat pricing on their own part. I refer to the “trucker" in these lines because the majority of trucking units are owned by individual operators. Most of them haul on a percentage basis under contract with some trucking firm that operates no equipment owned by itself. A great number of these firms are “fly by night" affairs that

BELIEVE IT or NOT

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Following is the explanation of Ripley’s "Believe It Or Not” which appeared in Friday’s Times: Melts Copper But Won’t Burn Paper—After a charge of paperinsulated copper wire is melted down in an electric arc furnace at a temperature of 2,500 degrees

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Cure for Baldness Not Yet Perfected

BY DR. MORRIS FISIIBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygcia, the Health Magazine. IT long has been recognized that the glands of internal secretion are associated definitely with the development of what are called the secondary sex characteristics. It is because of the special type of glandular activity that a male develops the way he does in contrast to the female. It is because of glandular activity that a rooster grows a comb and a hen does not. British investigators have been able to cause a hen to grow a comb by changing its glandular mechanism. Dr. B. N. Bengston noticed that pituitary extract when injected may develop a profuse growth of hair. Concluding from this that there

IT SEEMS TO ME

TP the situation which now exists in Manchuria is not war, it’s something strikingly similar. There have been battles and wounded men and a growing list of dead. It is difficult to see any effective way in which direct pressure can be applied by America to bring about an immediate cessation of hostilities. But already we can begin to lay plans to limit the scope of the conflict and to starve out the combatants. Surely it seems possible that the conflagration may spread if fuel is supplied. And America sits in the position of being the one great nation capable of supplying the sinews for combat. It is not too soon to enlist all those who believe that our neutrality ought to be far more than technical. There can be no doubt whatsoever

fatten on the coalition of the small man's investments. However, this is not the only type of firm in the trucking business. The railroads themselves are ably represented in the persons of the Universal Carloading and Distributing Company and the Greyhound Bus Lines. They both engage in an extensive trucking business that spans our entire nation. For your own satisfaction, investigate the ownership of these two lines, the largest in the trucking business. The railroads are furnishing their own competition. Suppose the railroads do give employment to 40,000 of our citizens. I doubt it myself. I wonder if the Indiana Truck Company gives employment to any Hoosiers, or the U. S. Tire Company, or what used to be the Schebler Carburetor Company, or perhaps the Standard Oil of Indiana. Any number of firms furnish employment to countless Hoosiers in connection with manufacture and maintenance of motor trucks. In conclusion, I wish to say that store door delivery service by highway motor trucks is here to stay, because it offers a service the railroad's haven’t got. In that light they do not compete with the railroads. There's plenty of profit for both and the railroads aren’t passing up their 98 per cent of it. When, if ever, were rail rates reduced to conform with the reductions in prices of other commodities and wages? Conservatively, one present day railroad worker accomplishes what five of them did ten years ago. WALTER KRAUSE. 522 Fletcher Avenue

On request, sent with stamped, addressed envelope, Mr. Ripley will furnish proof of anything depicted by him.

Fahrenheit, the charred paper has to be skimmed off the surface before the molten metal can be poured. A perfect reducing atmosphere is maintained in the chamber to prevent oxidation of the copper and the lack of oxygen has the

is some relationship of the secretion of this gland to the growth of hair, he decided to inject people who had suffered a loss of hair with this glandular extract. The regular injection of extracts of the pituitary gland brought about a stimulation and growth of hair in several instances. A man 58 years old who had been bald for two years developed a complete growth of white hair and continued injections caused the gradual growth of some black hair. Some of the cases treated quite definitely were cases of deficiency in the secretion of this gland. It is not certain that this represents a method for the cure of baldness of all types; indeed, the method is so new that it is not safe to make any certain statements as to its value.

that we never would have been a part of the World war if i£ had not been for the brisk trade which we maintained in munitions. I am aware of the fact that international practice sanctions the selling of arms if they are offered impartially to each contender. As things stood in 1914, our willingness to supply Germany as well as the allies was wholly academic. Both in an emotional and a practical sense, Germany came to feel that it made little difference whether we were in or not, since our factories kept up a steady stream of supplies to England and to France. tt tt tt No Blood Money PROBABLY it will not be easy to induce America to enter into a complete boycott against Japan, the aggressor nation in Manchuria. Even a decision by the league would find the bulk of our people a little cold. It is true, of course, that wheat and cotton constitute contraband just as much as gunpowder, shells, and bullets. But at the very least we should abstain from entering into any trade in death-dealing weapons. On the spiritual side, it seems to me utter nonsense for a nation to profess a high regard for peace during those very days in which its machine shops are busy turning out shrapnel. And, on the whole, I think tbfe spiritual appeal is the one most likely to succeed in exciting this country. But there is no harm in adding a few practical reasons against the taking of blood money. On the immediate surface it may seem as if a far-off war will contribute to the return of prosperity. Yet by now we should have learned the lesson of the evanescence of war profits. Such gains are shadowy and for every dollar taken in even the creditor nation must pay at last in youth and treasure. tt tt tt 4 Not So Far Off Manchuria is a long way oft. But the present hostilities are by no means as remote as the shot which furnished the spark in 1914. It is easy to vision ramifications which may follow the Japanese adventure into China. Already the war has swept close to a point which would involve Russia. And that would constitute a situation in which many other nations immediately might be involved. Bullets come home to roost. We can not engage safely in the commerce of arming Japan against China without running the very definite risk that our own nation sooner or later may become involved in the controversy. If international practice has permitted the sale of munitions by neur

I-£ Registered V . S. I 1 JL Patent Offiee RIPLEY

incidental effect of preventing the combustion of the carbon in the paper. MONDAY —“The spots where two countries and four states meet.”

On the other hand, enough evidence has been established by Dr. Bengtson to indicate that in certain cases of baldness In which there may be a deficiency of the secretion of this particular gland, the injection of extract of the pituitary gland resulted in overcoming baldness. . Premature baldness is one of the chief sources of income for all sorts of charlatans and for the promotion of various types of nostrums and hair tonics. Institutions have been established where baldness is treated by ultraviolet rays. Probably charlatans may endeavor to reap the usual income from these new investigations. Readers are warned that the time is not yet ripe for every baldheaded man to try the new treatment.

b*

trals, international practice is all wrong and new precedents and new traditions must be established. We should show the way. Already opponents of the League of Nations are pointing out its impotence in the present crisis. Such criticism comes with singular ill grace from any leaders of American thought or action. If the league is but a shadow of what it might have been, we made it so. In fact, the very vitals of the organiation were bruised when the senate rejected a plan which was largely American in its inception. tt a a It Is the Only League I AM aware of many faults and flaws both in the league as it stands and as it was planned. The Versailles treaty was a most uneasy stanchion on which to rest a structure. But I still believe that the league in the days of Wilson and the league today offer the first opportunity to take a step in the direction of international co-opera-tion. I have heard many advocates of internationalism condemn the league and suggest that it would be better to scrap the whole business and start over again. With this point of view I have no sympathy at all. People who suggest it overlook. I think, the enormous difficulty of the first step. Even if it is a wabbling, ill-directed sort of progress it appeals to me as much better than none at all. Through the league and the world court there does exist a possibility of mutual accord. Often, it has been said that the League of Nations constitutes nothing more than a debating society But people who say this overlook the vast importance of a place and a body where opinion may be exchanged. Talk is no feeble thing, but one ox the most effective acids against general contagion. Even now if Japan and China could cease firing and begin to argue we would be nearer a solution of present difficulties. The year 1917 should have taught America that there is no part of the world truly alien to us. Farmer boys m Nebraska who never had heard of Serbia or Austria came at last to die on foreign fields. This is the time right now—immediately—to resolve that American neutrality shall be of the heart as well as of the head. •Copyright. 1931. bv The Tims>

Daily Thought

The Lord hath heard m.v supplication; the Lord will receive my prayer.—Pslam 6:10. Prayer purifies; it is a selfpreached sermon.—Richter* -

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those of one of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

-NOV. 14, 1931

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

Rockets, Soaring to a Height of Fifty Miles, May he the Means of Solving the Riddle of the Compass. ROCKETS capable of carrying scientific instruments to a height of fifty miles or more above the earth's surface may be the means of solving many problems now puzzling the radio engineer, the meteorologist, the physicist, and the astronomer. This is the opinion of Dr J. A, Fleming, acting director of the Department of terrestial magnetism of the Carnegie Institution of Washington. In particular. Dr. Fleming feels that the rockets may yield data which will aid in the solution of the special problem in which his laboratory is interested, namely, the magnetism of the earth. For many years now it has been known that the earth is a huge magnet. That, of course, is why the compass needle points north. But no completely satisfactory explanation of why the earth is a magnet has been advanced as yet. The department of terrestial magnetism of the Carnegie Institution of Washington is interested in both the practical and the theoretical aspects of the question. The practical aspects grow out of the fact that the safety of navigation depends upon a knowledge of the behavior of the compass. nun Variation of Compass JF the compass pointed exactly to the north pole there would be no practical problem involved. But the compass doesn't. In general, the compass points to the north magnetic pole. But at any givpn locality on the earth’s surface the compass is just % little off in its direction. This variation, as it is technically called, is little in some localities and great in others. Moreover, it is not constant, changing with the time of the day and the season of the year. The situation is complicated further by the fact that there are changes in variation from year to year and by the further faot that the north magnetic pole slowly is shifting its position. A majority of the nations of the earth maintain magnetic surveys which study the changes in the earth’s magnetic field In order that adequate charts may be prepared and kept up to date. In the United States that work is carried on by the coast and geodetic survey, a unit of the United States department of commerce. Since 1904 the Carnegie Institution of Washington has maintained its department of terrestial magnetism which has carried on similar surveys in remote parts of the earth where there are no regular surveys and over the oceans. The observations at sea were made for many years by the non-megnetic yacht, the Carnegie, which unfortunately was destroyed by fire in 1929. But the Carnegie Institution also is interested in fundamental studies to determine the underlying causes of fluctuations in the earth’s magnetism, and, if possible, to discover the cause of the magnetism in the first place. tt a Sun and Cosmic Rays RECENT analyses of available data between latitude 60 degrees north and 60 degrees south by the Carnegie Institution of Washington show that over ninetenths of the total magnetic field of the earth arises from magnetic or electric systems outside the earth, Dr. Fleming says. Dr. Fleming thinks that exploration of the upper atmosphere by rockets may help solve the problem for two reasons. One is the fact that there may be some connection between cosmic rays and the earth’s magnetism. The other is the fact that changes in the electrical conditions of the upper atmosphere may cause the fluctuations in the earth's magnetic field. “The penetrating radiation or cosmic rays from space may be the connecting link to tie together in a satisfactory theory the present indications of the sun and of the variable electric currents in our atmosphere and without our globe as the ultimate causes of the earth’s magnetism and its variations ” he says. “Observations during the last century at stations in Europe and. in the United States have revealed the close relation between sun-spot activity and disturbances of the earth’s magnetism. Another interesting feature of the earth’s magnetic activity is that as the earth revolves about the sun the maximum changes in magnetic earth-current, and polar-light activity occur during the equinoctial months of March and September, and the minimum during the solstitial months of June and December.”

M TO DAY Mi V*> . WORLD war an^ersary

INTER-ALLIED COUNCIL November 14

ON Nov. 14, 1917, Premier LloydGeorge of England, speaking in the house of commons, made public the provisions cf the agreement by the British, French and Italian governments for the inter-allied war council to act as a unit. Two days before this he had roundly excoriated the entente for its blunders. After reading the text of the agreement to the house, the premier said: . the council will have no executive power, and final decisions in the matter of strategy and distribution of movements of the various armies will rest upon the several governments of the allies. The object of the allies has been to set up a central bodv charged with the duty of continuously surveying the field of operations as a whole by the light of information derived from all fronts and from all the governments and staffs, and of co-ordinating th# plans prepared by the different general staffs, and, if necessary, of making proposals for the better conduct of the war.”