Indianapolis Times, Volume 43, Number 148, Indianapolis, Marion County, 30 October 1931 — Page 6

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The Widow’s Mite During these days of appeal for funds to care for the inevitable distress In the months ahead, it might be well to turn again to the Bible and read the story of the widow’s mite. In more prosperous days, it brought a glow of satisfaction to the less able portion of the community. It Justified the smallness of their gifts, because they know that they had given in proportion to their abilities. This year it should bring a lesson and a challenge to the more fortunate. This is the year when donations to the Community Fund can not be measured by the amount given, but by what the donor retains for himself. Oenerosity is a matter of spirit, not one of dollars. The man or the woman who is unable to spend his or her income, even when all selfish appetites and ambitions are satisfied, can claim no such title by giving what to others would mean a lifetime of competence. The truly generous are those whose hearts feel a real sympathy for the workless man, whose children are denied common comfort, and into whose soul there comes the iron of desperation. The truly generous, when he starts on the high adventure of becoming his brother's keeper, really feels brotherly and does not Inquire how little his brother may need to maintain life. Brothers are presumed to reach something near equality of necessities, at least. One widow reached immortal fame by giving unstinMngly, ungrudgingly, unselfishly. The real question to ask is not how much I have given, but how much have I retained for myself. Were that rule generally applied, the Community Fund soon would be filled to overflowing and the objectives of private charity easily attained.

The New Employment Plan The ten-point program announced by the President’s committee on employment plans has much meat in it. If the general plan is followed, unquestionably the country will be better off. This is true despite the fact that much of the plan is old, that some parts of it are weak, and that the plan as a whole might have gone farther. Recommendation No. 1: Citizens with money should resume normal buying. This is important. The unemployed and the poor can not buy. Therefore, unless those with incomes begin to spend, the depression will grow worse. To resume normal buying is to provide jobs. Recommendation No. 2: The national credit structure should be strengthened. The committee wisely suggests the creation of further agencies, public and private, such as the National Credit Corporation to release frozen credits. But the committee, also wisely in our Judgment, is cold to the Hoover plan to accomplish this through broadening the eligibility clause of the federal reserve act. Recommendation No. 3: Bankers should be liberal in their credit policy toward their customers. It is unsafe to generalize here. With some banks failing around them, it is natural and desirable that sound banks put caution above liberality; their first duty is to their depositors. Recommendation No. 4: Spread available work among as many workers as possible. This is essention. Already it has provided many part-time jobs, and can provide more. Recommendation No. 5: Spread public civil service Jobs. This is not practicable in our judgment. Civil servants for years have accepted salaries far below the industrial level, in exchange for permanence and, security. The taxpayers can afford to continue to pay the low wages of this special class of trained workers. A better suggestion is to create additional temporary public jobs. The government should create employment, not unemployment. This applies equally to the married women who work, .and most of whose incomes —according to government surveys—are essential to family living. The largest class of government employes, incidentally, are soldiers and sailors. Recommendation No. 6: Cut the official red tape which Is holding up emergency public works. This is vital. It is aimed at a fault in the Hoover administration which can be corrected. Recommendation No. 7: Special effort should be made to spread work among the white-collar class. Probably the ablest part of the committee’s report is that which shows why the white-collar class is the worst sufferer from the depression. Recommendation No. 8: Anew concept of work is needed, recognizing the right of the steady employe and the old employe to hold his job. Too many employers today are letting out mature workers to hire boys at lower wages. This is as inefficient as it is cruel. Recommendation No. 9: Communities should organize to meet local unemployment problems. No one will question that. Recommendation No. 10: Transfer surplus labor from cities to farms. This probably will not work. Farmers have suffered ten years of depression. Wealth is concentrated in the cities, which will have to care for their own workers who helped to create that wealth. Taking the ten recommendations as a whole, we believe they will be beneficial. But they are not enough. Why was the committee silent on all those suggestions which the President opposes, but which so many economists and business leaders consider essential to adequate relief? Does not the committee recognize the need for unemployment insurance, for a national industries board and planning commission, for supplemental federal appropriations for poor communities unable to care for local distress, for much larger public works programs? Perhaps the committee is considering these obvious emergency measures, and yet will add them to its recommendations. We hope so. Such Is Fame To find out who are the really famous in these United States, a magazine submitted a list of 150 alleged to be famous persons to a random group of 200 Chicagoans, with startling results. The only two known to the entire 200 were John Barrymore and Joan Crawford. All but two knew A1 Capone and Lupe Velez. Atwater Kent and Ringling Brothers scored 96 per cent. Better known than Mussolini were sixteen on the list, Mussolini standing only 1 per cent higher than the late Jake Lingle. Texas Guinan was better known than Gandhi, Mae West than Stalin or our own Andy Mellon, Aimee McPherson than Einstein, Virgil Kirkland than Wilhelm Hohenzollem. Several thought the Mayo brothers were circus men. Five put down Vincent Astor as an actor and Yehudi was identified variously as an Indian m

The Indianapolis Times (A BCKIPPH-JOWABU NEWSPAPER) Owned and published dally (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos. 214-220 West Maryland Street. Indianapolis, Ind Price In MarioD County. 2 cents a copy; elsewhere. 3 cents—delivered by carrier. 12 cents a week. Mall subscription rates In fndlsna. $3 s year: outside of Indiana. R 5 cents a month. BOYD GURLEY. ROY W. HOWARD. EARL D. BAKER. Editor President Business Manager PHONE— RUey 8681. FRIDAY. OCT. 30. 1931. Member of United Press. Scripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance. Newspaper Enterprise Asso elation. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

prince, a rabbi, a clairvoyant, the oldest man in the world. Apparently some new sort of American salesmanship is needed. As long as we spend as much for tobacco as for elementary and secondary education, more for ladies’ undies than for all our books, magazines, and stationery, more for chewing gum than for scientific instruments, some $1,250,000,000 on the movies and hardly anything for adult education, we will have to be prepared for such demonstrations. We may be rich, democratic, and literate. But we ~ ’em to be largely screen-gazers and headline readers. New States Rights The vice-chairman of the federal power commis:on, Ralph B. Williamson, has outlined an intelligent theory of state rights. He suggests that state rights are essential in political matters, but are likely to interfere with he best Interests of the states themselves and the whole country when they are applied to economic questions. He would preserve to the fullest extent the benefits of local self government deriving from state rights, out he would attach less importance to the doctrine when dealing with a natural resource, such as a river flowing through many states, the proper development and control of which can be accomplished only by co-operation and a central agency. State rights, once the battle cry of a people fighting to preserve the right to govern themselves, in recent years has been perverted frequently to their own uses by aggregations of wealth seeking to usurp control. . Costly Coal Too much important news is in the air for many of us to pay attention to the burial of six more coal miners in a gas explosion near Wilkes-Barre, Pa., last Saturday night. They still are buried, probably dead, behind hundreds of tons of rock, while companions dig to reach them. Despite safety campaigns, more than 100 men are being killed every month in American coal mines. Coal mine accidents killed 107 men in September, 112 in August. In the first nine months of 1931, the toll was 1,079 miners. For every million tons of soft coal mined, three miners must give their lives; for every million tons of anthracite, six must die. “It Was Mild” The recent Wickersham commission report, urging the junking of the nation’s $100,000,000 prison system as a failure, wasn’t severe enough, its author, Dr. Frank Tannenbaum, told the American Prison Association at its Baltimore convention. “The report was a mild, friendly document, when it ought to have been a severe and unrelenting indictment of America’s present prison system and all its doings,” he said. Tannenbaum, one of this country’s leading prison experts, heard that the prison association delegates planned a frontal attack upon the report. He hurried to Baltimore to defend its findings. When he finished he had put the group so on the defensive that, while mildly criticising some of the recommendations, they accepted the report as one “having real constructive value.” “Here are some of the charges and recommendations of this “mild” report: Overcrowding is “probably worse .than it ever has been,” that is. 65.9 per cent. “Barbarous methods of discipline” are used frequently. Men are shackled to doors. Rhode Island uses the strait-jacket. At Columbus men are packed into a cage so tightly they can not move about. At Wyoming they are shackled in underground dungeons. Hospitals and medical treatment are inadequate, education almost lacking. None of the prison industries is free from criticism. AH manner of men, young and old, are thrown together, to create breeding places for moral, mental and physical infection. Wardens generally are politicians, guards are poorly paid and overworked. County jails are “medieval,” and justify the argument for state control. If this “mild” report were only half as sweeping, it should start a revolution in our penal system. Why talk of the spread of crime when our very prisons are crime incubators? Jack Sharkey may go into the movies. He may not be the next heavyweight champ, but he’ll be a wow in the talkies. International manufacturers are planning to sell automobiles in 107 earless countries. Imagine getting pinched for making a left turn in Borneo. Or being taken in for sassing a speed cop in Antarctica. It’s got so even parking in this country leads to divorce—when it’s with the wrong wife. A dry organization is about to spend SIOO,OOO to save prohibition for posterity. Well, if something isn’t done, posterity may not have any liquor at all.

Just Every Day Sense BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

ONE of the South’s famous beauties, now in Paris for her fifth divorce, announces in the newspapers that she is through with marriage. And that’s just as well, perhaps, since probably nobody would suit her now. A woman who has had five husbands ought to quit, if only out of consideration for some of the rest of us who often find it so hard to get one. She should quit, too, out of respect for matrimony, which still, for a good many people, holds a semblance of sacredness. Variety may be the spice of life, but its the death of marriage. Though one may have all leniency for divorce under certain circumstances, such antics as we often witness do not tend to augment our regard for some types of the modem woman, or for the man who marries her. a a a Os course, right here at home we have our Hollywood friends, whose unions are made and broken with dizzying rapidity. It might be supposed that the stars surrounded as they are by richness and ease and with everything to contribute to their content, could scratch along with fewer husbands. The reason they can not do so is plain, however. Two persons each concerned with his or her affairs, pampered and vastly engrossed with self, can not hope for permanent happiness together. Unless a man and woman begin with a common ambition shared by both, unless they have a few difficulties to overcome, they are not likely to stick together. But then, the cult of the divorcee often is incomprehensible. After the first couple of husbands, you’d think a woman would be skittish of marriage. Instead she often exhibits a strange desire to repeat her mistakes.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

People Would Cheer for an Air-Driven Motor, Though It Ruined One Out of Every Ten of Them. NEW YORK, Oct. 30.—Roy J. Myers of Los Angeles has invented an air-driven motor for automobiles. After six years of work, he has succeeded in developing a speed of thirty-five miles an hour with it and says that, with the proper gearing, it can be made to develop 100. The air is forced into the mstor from storage tanks, where it is held at a pressure of 250 pounds. On being explelled from the motor, it is reheated and returned to the storage tanks, so that only about 10 per cent actually is lost. According to Meyers, one filling of the storage tanks would be good for 500 miles. tt tt # % Price of Progress NOT pausing to discuss the merits of this invention, its possibilities are shocking, espeically to the oil trade, but that’s the kind of thing many trades have had to face ever since mechanical power and inventiveness came into vogue. Machinery is not such a problem as is the constant threat of new machinery, yet we all want it. People would cheer for an airdriven motor, though it ruined one out of every ten of them. That’s the price of progress. tt tt tt Even Fads Play Part OUTSIDE of farming aim mining, there is not one big industry which does not face the risk of overthrow by some revolutionary invention. Even farming and mining are not entirely safe. In the field of pure mechanics, however, the peril is vastly more imminent. Look at what oil has done to coal, or trucks and pipeline! to the railroads, or steel and concrete to the lumber business. Even fads play a part, as the effect of dieting on the consumption of wheat and potatoes plainly proves. tt tt It’s Economic Reaction Despotism, or dictatorship, wouldn’t tolerate the havoc which all this causes, which is the chief reason why some people want them. We behold the world swinging to the right, swinging to Fascism, to mergers and consolidations. Silly folks regard it as due to political prejudice, or sentiment, when it’s really an economic reaction, promoted mainly by those who have most at stake. The cry one hears for security and stabilization is mainly the byproduct of organizations straining to protect themselves, and the bigger they are, the harder they strain. tt tt tt We Waste Time PROGRESS can not be reconciled with the status quo, and never could. There is no such thing as making any system, or any institution safe, except through flexibility. It has been tried time and time again. The only hope of government, or civilization itself, consists in an order which makes it possible for people and enterprises to adjust themselves to change with the least confusion. Like every other generation, we waste too much time dreaming about ways and means to preserve the situation as is, when we don’t want it to remain as it is and couldn’t keep it as it is if we did. Older Than Hills ONLY a few days ago we laid Edison to rest as one of the world’s great benefactors. Among hundreds of other new devices, he gave us the incandescent lamp, the phonograph and motion picture machine, but look what he did to the kerosene lamp and allied industries, or to the theater. You hear it said that Edison was thq last of the great individual gehiuses, that invention is going to be synthetic and orderly from now on. It sounds like anew thought, but it’s older than the hills, the thought that every organized system has voiced when it considered itself sufficiently strong to prevent interference, and it always has led to disaster in the end. tt u tt Don’t Fall Too Hard POLITICS, religion, caste, militarism, and everything else capable of evolving a system have attempted to set up self-perpetuating mechanisms. Democracy was born of opposition to that idea, but now that democracy has opened the way for gigantic commercial and industrial structures, it comes to the surface once more. Here in America, it is proposed that we make ourselves safe by merging and combining business on an unheard-of scale, by repealing anti-trust laws, and clothing boards of directors with exalted power. It sounds novel, especially when presented in the name of efficiency, but it is merely the old praetorian guard philosophy made over to fit an economic age, and we shall be wise not to fall too hard for it.

Questions and Answers

Are the fasces on the United States dime intended to be a symbol of Rome, and is the head that of a Roman God? The fasces is not used as a symbol of Rome, but because it was an ancient symbol of power which has been used in artistic designs for centuries. The head is that of Liberty. How long after sinking did it take to raise the S-4 and the S-51? The S-4 sank Dec. 17, 1927, and was raised March 17, 1928, and the S-51 sank Sept. 25, 1925, and was raised July 5, 1926. How did Pilate die? There is no authentic account of his death. He used violent measures to suppress a harmless movement in Samaria and was summoned to Rome to give an account of his acts as governor. Before he reached Rome the Emperor Tiberius died, and no authentic account remains of the final end of Pilate.

Now Watch Our Star Boarder Feast

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DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Extra Weight Has Serious Hazards

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia. the Health Magazine. THE American women are not the only women in the world who are worried about increase in weight. Even in Scotland, where diets generally are recognized as economical, they have the obesity problem. Drs. D. M. Dunlap and R. M. Murray Lyon of the Royal Infirmary in Edinburgh just have made available the result of their study of 523 cases of obesity among people in Scotland. They point out the fact, now generally well known, that superfluous fat is uncomfortable, and

IT SEEMS TO ME by

TV/TOST of the oldest professions -L"-*- are among the least respected, and little ever has been said in defense of the beggar. But it seems to me that he serves a useful purpose. More than any one else, he literally is blasted for the sins of the people. Diseases which exhibit no symptoms are the most dangerous of all, since diagnosis is difficult. And the beggar is one who cries aloud against the economic injustices and inequalities of the system under which he lives. Os course, he does not often belong in that group known as “the deserving poor.” We all can move smugly and complacently on our way as long as the unfortunates in our midst are worthy. I suppose the chief identifying factor of a member of the deserving poor is that he knows his place and is content with that state to which it has pleased Providence to call him. a a a He Is Not Content BUT the beggar makes a protest. He is, after all, the forerunner of the revolutionary. The man who begs may come in time to demand. There is something of useful fiber left in the individual who has the courage to ask for bed and board from the passerby. To be sure, the beggar is always a nuisance and sometimes a fake. But he does not belong in the lowest stratum of society. This came to my attention a couple of years ago when I was watching a breadline. The closely huddled men were silent, lacking in all initiative They could not even seem to move forward toward the door where meal tickets were being distributed unless commanded to go ahead by a supervising policeman. These were men singularly like sheep in both their physical aspects and their mental reactions. And as I watched I asked one derelict a very silly question. I said: “I can’t understand why all these thousands stand here for as long as five hours to get a 20-cent meal ticket. I should think it would be easier to beg as much as that in less time.” He looked at me in surprise and said: “Why, it takes nerve to beg.” a a a Better Be Fooled a Little AND so I suggest to everybody a rule for this winter, at least. I am going to try to follow it myself. And that is to give something to every man who asks. I will be told that this is a very bad rule. It will be pointed out that some panhandlers will not rise the nickel, the dime, or even the quarter for food or shelter. They may squander the coins foolishly upon cheap and poisonous alcoholic concoctions. That does not seem to me to matter. I hold it rather impertinent to ask a recipient just what disposition he is prepared to make of his funds. I don’t think anybody should set himself up as grand inquisitor into a man’s personal affairs for the meager price of 10 cents. Years ago Richard Harcung Davis wrote one of his Van Bibber stories in celebration of a popular attitude. Van Bibber, upon being accosted by a beggar feigning hunger, took the poor wretch to a restaurant and forced upon him a meal which he did not want. And all the readers were supposed to feel that the well-to-do young clubman had behaved very properly and shown up the hypocrisy of the mendicant. But man does not live by bread

that long-continued overweight may be associated with disturbances ,of circulation of the blood, disturbances of the ability of the person to get about. The association of overweight with gallstones is well known, and there has come to be a proverb among the medical profession which asserts that the typical case of gallstones is a woman who is fair, fat and forty. An eminent American authority on diabetes has pointed out that 70 to 85 per cent of people with this disease are known to have been overweight previous to the onset of the disease. In the records of thirty American insurance companies, covering 744,-

alone. And even a beggar may have wants beyond a roll and coffee. tt a It Must Be Exception AGAIN, indiscriminate charity is discouraged by those newspaper stories which occasionally appear concerning the tattered individual whose coat is found to contain $5,000 when his body goes to the morgue. Those things I hold to be exceptional. Possibly there was a day when the passerby might reply with some logic: “Why don’t you make application to one of the organized charitable agencies?” But these institutions long ago broke down under the strain. The needy may find little more for their

Views of Times Readers

Editor Times—Halloween is here again and along with it comes the annual round of fun and pranks. A mixture of tin cans, corn, rice and what have you on every one’s porch. Chairs that belong to you might be found on someone else’s porch roof. Windows are soaped until they look like frosted glass. Ticktacks and bean shooters keep one hopping up and running to the door in the hope one will catch the offender before he can hide, but it’s the same old story. You get a glimpse of a few running shadows, and it’s all to do over again in a few moments. Some folks say that Halloween is getting tame. They’re not like they used to be, when you put some fellow’s wagon or cow on top of his barn, etc. All they do now is go down town and parade around and look at one another. Well, it may look tame and it may be tame on Washington or Illinois street, but I have another version to give. Have you ever been on the Monument Circle or steps on Halloween? If not, I’ll advise any sensible person to keep a safe distance. There is a certain element there that does not confine its activities to clean fun and pranks. It is dirty, mean, lowdown picking of fights and abuse. Wearing apparel is torn beyond repair, hats disappear, you lit-

Aft

LOAN TO FRANCE Oct. 30 ON Oct. 30, 1917, the United States advanced to France a loan of $10,000,000.Italy formed anew cabinet, with Professor Vittorio Orlando as premier. With this, Secretary of the Treasury McAdoo turned over to the Italian government an additional credit of $230,000,000. Ledebour, Independent Socialist, speaking before the reichstag, said: “We have 1,500,000 dead, 3,000,000 or 4,000,000 wounded, of whom 500,000 are crippled for life, and 2,000,000 absolutely invalided. That makes altogether 6,000,000 men lost during three years.” Fire destroyed $5,000,000 worth of war material on the water front at Baltimore. This material was intended for General Pershing’s troops in France. The fire was declared to have been started by German spies.

672 policy holders, it was found that among those who were ess than ten pounds overweight, there was no increase in mortality rate, but that above that figure the mortality rate rose steadily and alarmingly. One American insurance company which analyzed the cause of death of 26,000 policy holders found that heart disease accounted for the deaths of 15% per cent of those who were overweight, compared with only 6 per cent of the lean. Other diseases of the circulation caused 7% per cent of deaths in those who were overweight, as against 3 per cent in the lean. Nearly twice as many people who are overweight die of kidney disease as those who are underweight.

Ideals and opinions expressed m this column are those of one of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without regard to iheir agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this Daner.—The Editor.

pains than the chance of answering a questionnaire. I am not contending that begging is the highest form of human activity, or that it should be accepted as one of the eternal professions. All I say is that if sin be in it you and I share by tolerating conditions and arrangements which make life easy for a few and hard for many. It seems to me that if we all force ourselves to dig down constantly in response to winning appeals, that bye and bye w e may actually be nagged into realizing that this is not yet the best of all possible worlds. And, after all, isn’t it better to be fooled by a dozen fakers than to let one hungry man escape? (Copyright. 1931. bv The Times)

erally are mobbed by these hoodlums. Girls are treated ridiculously and when a friend or sweetheart tries to play chivalrous the inevitable happens. He gets thoroughly beaten up, not in fun, either. My complaint has been delayed for a year because I thought that last year the matter would be brought to the police department and remedied. There were a few police, but when one of these little mob scenes started there were no protective arms of the law near. Now, I am a young man and like to have a good time, but there are limits to all things. This affair on the Monument Circle every year is getting a little beyond the rules of the game. I am taking these few words to express my feelings and those of several others who have suffered loss of clothing and bruised skin. F. H. B. What is the Julius Rosenwald fund for education? It was incorporated in 1917 under the laws of Illinois, for charitable, scientific, educational and religious purposes. The major items of its expenditures are for the building of Negro schools, and in aid of other aspects of Negro education and welfare. The fund was established through the gifts of Julius Rosenwald of Chicago. Are marriages between Negroes and whites permitted in Mississippi? No.

Tell Your Friends: When you buy COLUMBIA soups, chili, catsup, tomato Juice and pork and beans not only do you get the highest possible quality, but also your money goes to a group of workers, who own their own plant, who have security of employment, who pay wages according to needs, who never discharge except for cause, who are proud that they have a Business Without a Boss. Every dollar spent at home stays in Indie napolis and will be used to expand not only their plant, but their system of doing business, a system that would destroy all depression. The products of The Columbia Conserve Company are now sold at all REGAL STORES. Buy Prosperity for Yourself and Security for the Future With Every Can

.OCT. 30, 1931

SCIENCE —BY DAVID DIETZ

World's Largest Dinosaur, 70 Feet Long, 16 Feet High, has Been Mounted in Peabody Museum at Yale. THE world’s largest dinosaur just has been mounted in the Peabody Museum of Natural History of Yale university. The skeleton of the huge monster is 70 feet long and 16 feet high. Scientists at the museum estimate that in life the creature must have weighed 37 or 40 tons. The fossilized bones weigh six tons. Although this dinosaur just has been "reassembled,” its bones were dug up more than fifty years ago at Como Bluff, Wyo. Wyoming and the nearby states were, some millions of years ago, the homes of many varieties of dinosaurs. The one just mounted in the Peabody museum is of the type known scientifically as a brontasaurus. The brontosaurus was a vegetarian, living on plants. He had four pillar-like legs, an extremely long neck and a long tail. The legs are ponderous and elephantine. The head was extremely small. Brontosaurus ran to brawn, not brains. tt tt tt Beginning of Life THE age of reptiles, known technically as the mesozoic era, when the dinosaurs thrived, came to an end about 40,000,000 years ago. It endured for the 110,000,000 years preceding. These estimates are based on the new generally accepted estimate of 2,000,000.000 years for the age of the earth. The first billion years are believed to have been lifeless. The first half of the second billion was spent in going from unicellular forms of life to the sponges and shellfish. Another 300,000,000 years evolved true fish and amphibians. Then came the age of reptiles. The mesozoic era was a sort of “Middle Ages,” biologically, bridging the gap between the ancient forms of life of the paleozoic and the more modem forms of thO cenozoic. * The dominant forms of ocean life of the paleozoic were no longer to be found in the mesozoic. Lobsters and crabs, as well as many new varieties of corals and starfish* made their appearance. Many new kinds of shellfish, including the oysters, appeared. On land there was a great development among the insects. Flies, butterflies, wasps and ants made their appearance. The most important development in the world of life in this era, howr ever, was the rise and fall of the great reptiles. Eighteen great reptilian stocks developed during thd mesozoic, the most important of which was that of the dinosaurs. • * tt tt tt Dinosaurs Covered World THE dinosaurs spread all over the world. Their fossil remains are particularly common in North America, Africa, China and Argentina. As the era progressed, dinosaurs of greater and greater size arose. - One group of dinosaurs were beasts of prey, feeding upon other reptiles. They had birdlike feet with great claws. Their front legs were small, but their hind legs were large and powerful. “ They ran on their hind legs somewhat after the fashion of kangaroosi The largest of this group, known as tyronosaurus rex—that is, the king tyrant lizard—attained a length of forty-seven feet. Another group of dinosaurs lived in the swamps. These were sluggish creatures with webbed feet, duckbilled muzzles and long, powerful tails which they used in swimming-. The largest dinosaurs were the sauropods, which lived on vegetal tion. They walked on all fours; Their legs were short and pillar-like, but they had very long necks. There were also a number of armored forms of dinosaurs, grotesque creatures with bony plates and spikes on their backs. Near thl •lose of the mesozoic era, a type of homed dinosaur developed. The climax was reached in the development of a type with three horns, the triceratops. Two types of dinosaurs forsook the land and went back into the ocean. Some of them attained a length cd fifty feet. They included thf dol phi n-like ichthyosaurus, or fish lizard,” and the long-necked plesiosaurus. Other forms tok to the air, b <Si coming veritable dragons. Some of these flying reptiles had a wing spread of twenty-five feet, but, uni like the dinosaurs on the ground they weighed little, having bodieg which weighed less than thirty pounds. *

Daily Thought

But whosoever drinketh of the water that I shall give him shall never thirst; but the water that I shall give him shall be in him a well of water springing up into everlasting life.—John 4:14. Faith is the subtle chain that binds us to the Infinite.—Mrs. E. Oakes Smith. What baseball team won the 1920 world series? Cleveland of the American Leaguo defeated Brooklyn of the National League, five games to two.