Indianapolis Times, Volume 43, Number 51, Indianapolis, Marion County, 9 July 1931 — Page 4

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* t K I m P J - H O>V AJtU

‘The Tender Hearted Tenders * As expected the county commissioners, have charge of the county poorhouse, investigated the conditions at this institution .which they operate and found them everything which a sick and destitute and aged person ought to have. True, a grand jury which does not have control said that the treatment of inmates is barbaric, savage and inhuman. True there is written into the records of the courts the fact that one inmate, suffering from tuberculosis, was sent to the penal farm, not designed as a haven for the sick, for 180 uc.ys after, and probably because, he protested i hat he had been mistreated cruelly at the poorhouse. The damning fact stands out that no matter what charge was placed against him in the courts and no matter what excuse was given for making a felon of a man who dared to protest, the offense charged was alleged to have been committed weeks before the arrest and no charge was made until after he bad gone to the grand jury with a story this jury found to be true. Now we have the whole circle of tenderhearted tenders of those whose crime is sickness, old age and poverty, terrible crimes against the tender-hearted comfortable and the politicians who profit from the care of these “criminals.” First they are treated, so says a grand jury, with frightfulness and brutality. Second, if they dare to criticise they are sent to a penal farm as real criminals. Third, the county commissioners who could change conditions in one minute, say that everything is fine and wonderful. It seems awful to think of the poor human being, sick and dying with tuberculosis, spending his days at the penal farm. True, he told the judge he would rather go to a jail than back to the poorhouse. Just why he ;>hould go to either is not so clear. The only way that he can get out is by a pardon from the Governor, who personally read his veto message of the Old Age Pension bill to the legislature because he was afraid, so he said, that a dole system would be built up. It may not be possible to convince him that a man who protested against brutal keepers in a poorhouse ought not to be in jail for the rest of his life. The poor devil might even believe in a dole and therefore be dangerous. But there is a very definite way of getting rid of brutality in a poorhouse. That is by getting rid of those who practice brutality. It may not be true, after all, that poverty and old age are really crimes to be punished with barbarism. They may be misfortunes. Public Affairs Institute Here and there in spite of a most innocuous looking program the Institute of Public Affairs at the University of Virginia has called forth some thinking on fundamental subjects. Although prohibition, of course, has absorbed a major part of the attention of those present; although time has been given to serious debate as to whether Sunday school teachers should be more concerned, with the number of young people in church societies or with sex-immorality, community health and farm economics, yet a great part of the debate has been more worth while than these subjects would indicate. The round table on municipal administration, for instance, scheduled to discuss such things as city planning, the problems of a city manager, child health, and public welfare, found itself at the end of almost every discussion back at the fundamental problem of taxation, of determining where in the present crisis money can be secured-for carrying on our government, and that is a question which involves the distribution of wealth. It found itself, when it took up the problem of child health, getting back to the question of birth control with a declaration by Dr. A. J. Carlson of the White House Conference on Child Health and Protection that the number of children in any family should be determined by the capacity of the parents to give them an adequate start in life. It found itself discussing the question of why, when we insist on economic prudence and thrift in the individual, .we do not insist that the industrial corporation exercise the same virtues and lay aside surplus earnings for insurance for workers in time of distress. Until these questions have been answered satisfactorily it is of small avail to try to evade them. They continue to present themselves because they involve the essential elements of our life. The Lesser Evil The farm board should accede to the pleas of the wheat farmers, wheat state politicians and the wheat trade to hold its “stabilization” wheat off the market a little longer. It should do this because the wheat farmers are in no condition now to stand the greater burden of even lower pnees. And it should do this because the farmers’ distress must be eased if this national depression is to be ended. The board has announced that it will continue to dribble out its immense stock of “stabilization” wheat in amounts it hopes will not depress the market. But with a great new erop coming on, it appears impossible to do this without lowering prices. The board, we believe, should never have entered into this unfortunate speculation program. It never should have attempted to peg wheat prices by buying up the surplus. But thte does not affect the fact that the board did these things, nor the fact that it now possesses millions of bushels of wheat. It bought this grain at prices far above present prices, and it is having tc pay out good federal money for storage charges on it. Thus, having the wheat, what to do with it? It might be given to Ohina, dumped m the sea or gUerwise destroyed, but obviously the board will do

The Indianapolis Times (A SCRIPFS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER) Owned and published dally (except Btinday) by The Indianapolis Tlmea PubUshine Cos 214-220 West Maryland Street. Indianapolis, Ind. Price in Marion County, 2 cents a copy; elsewhere, 3 cents—delivered by carrier, 12 cents a week. BOYD GURLEY, ROY W. FRANK G. MORRISON Editor President Business Manager PHONE—Riley BSSI THURSDAY. JULY . 1931. Member of United Presa, Scrlppa-Howard Newapaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

none of these things. That would be to admit that its original price-pegging policy was all wrong. Then, there are only two other things for the board to do; hold its wheat or sell It in such small quantities as will not affect the market. The latter plan Is the better. Admitting that some day it must rid itself of this “stabilization” wheat there is no other nor better way to accomplish this end than to dispose of it in small parcels. This is the board’s present intention. But this is hardly the time to carry it out. Later, when farm prices have gone up again and when the wheat farmer and the nation are in less distress, is time enough to dispose of this surplus. “An Act *of God” Because the starvation of women and children In the mining camps is not due to an act of God, the national Red Cross has decided to withhold food. To Judge Payne and other Red Cross officials this seems a very logical position. But we doubt that it will be agreeable to the empty stomachs of the hungry. Perhaps Payne has clarified the relief situation. First, the national Red Cross refuses to have anything to do with unemployment relief—because, of course, the 6,000,000 families are not the victims of an act of God. The Red Cross feels so strongly that it must confine itself to relieving acts of God that it refused to distribute unemployment relief appropriations by the federal government. And now it refuses the appeals from ten states to help striking miners’ families. Since most needs for relief arise from acts of man rather chan of God, and since the Red Cross sticks only to God-given calamities, is there not a place for anew national organization of mercy to do what the Red Cross refuses to do? Speaking of acts of God, Judge Payne might have added that the mine owners who are responsible for this widespread misery do not hold their mines by divine right. For years the mine owners have mismanaged an industry which is basic to the welfare of the nation. Not only the mine workers and the consuming public have been victimized, but the entire economic structure of the country has been weakened. There is a limit to such anarchy. Unless the mine owners bring some degree of order and efficiency into their industry, the nation in self-protection will have to take over that industry. For ten years the lawless selfishness of mine owners has piled chao6 upon chaos until today the industry provides neither a living for the workers, a steady profit for the owners, nor a regulated and conserved supply for the nation. These facts have been revealed by repeated federal investigations. Time and again the operators have been\given a chance to organize and reform their own industry, and always they refuse. . \ Now the federal government is calling them Into conference in Washington, pleading with them again to do something. We do not believe the operators will be, or should be, given many more chances. If continuation of the present anarchy is all the operators have to offer, nationalization of the mines is the only alternative. If it was an act of God that gave us the mines, we at least should be able to run them without pitched battles and starvation. \ The reason so many triangle complications arise may be due to the fact that two can love as cheaply as one. After his first disappointment in love a young Romeo is likely to find that even a shrinking violet is no easy pickings. Professor Piccard of strasphere fame says the earth looks like a big dish from ten miles up. As if to confirm our suspicion the earth was in a perpetual stew. What this country needs more than bomb-proof buildings is bum-proof buildings. One of the most ironic things about the weather is our habit of calling a heat spell a “wave.” Plastic facial surgeons, we suppose, think they’re pioneers in the uplift movement. Some girls probably will keep away from the beach this summer to save their skin.

REASON

WE observe that Karl Gerlich of the German institute of naval research just has invented a bullet which will pierce armor plate three and a half inches thick, the grand idea being to put out of business the tanks which all nations have come to regard as the cavalry of the future. a a a It would be more in harmony with the moratorium if Mr. Gerlich should go to work and try to invent an idea for world peace that would penetrate the doubts and fears of Germany’s neighbors. What a world it would be if all the so-called civilized nations would declare a moratorium on cooking up devilment! THERE is talk of trying to recover our national honor by bringing back that incomparable patriot, Mr. Jack Dempsey, and placing him in the battle front against Mr. Max Schmeling of Germany. But. as we recall, the last time we tried to put Dempsey up against Germany he went to the ship yards. a a a He might be deterred from combat also by a recollection of what happened to Jim Jeffries when he was derricked out of soft oblivion to regain the prestige of the pale faces by demolishing Jack Johnson. Prize fighters pass out of the picture when they pass up the gloves for several years. a a a Mayor Cermak tells the world that sixty-seven cities with a population of 100,000 and upward have more crime than Chicago. We are now prepared to learn that sixty-seven towns have more divorces than Reno, in fact that it leads the world in golden weddings. a a m SOME of our war department strategists propose that we wipe the debts of France and England off the slate in return for their cession to us of their islands in the Caribbean sea, but you’ll find that these countries will decline, having been able to secure vast debt reductions without giving anything whatever in return, a a a The real transaction which we should try to arrange with Great Britain is the exchange of the Philippine islands for Bermuda, the Bahamas. Jamaica and other English possessions in our neighborhood. But John Bull would not be inclined to do this because he wants to keep Uncle Sam in the Orient. . aaa , ' Mayor Cermak reports a reduction of 8 per cent in Chicago's running expenses, due to the cutting out of unnecessary jobs. He has merely touched the surface, for in Chicago, as everywhere else, one-half < of our public officers could be aboliaQed.

B y FREDERICK I LANDIS |

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

The Federal Government Treats the Kid of 15 Just as It Treats the Hardened Crook of 50. NEW YORK, July 9.—A posthumous report of 1 the Wickersham commission deals with the treatment of juvenile prisoners kept by Uncle Sam in various institutions. The good old uncle, you understand, is too poor, or penurious to provide a sufficient number of institutions on his own account. Maybe that’s too harsh an indictment, since he wasn’t bothered much by the problem of juvenile delinquency until the automobile and eighteenth amendment came into being. Running police courts is anew job for Uncle Sam, and, as might be expected, he is not doing so well at it. an m Treated Like Adults ACCORDING to the Wickersham report, this great government of ours is keeping more than 2,200 children in confinement. None of them is over 18, while 250 are only 16 or under. Forty-four per cent, or nearly 1,000 are being punished for violating the prohibition law. More important than all else, these children were convicted in courts and under statutes designed for adults. In spite of the fact that it arrests, tries, convicts and imprisons suck a large number of children, the federal government does not recognize juvenile delinquency as a distinct, or peculiar phase of the penal system, but treats the kid of 15 just as it treats the hardened crook of 50. tt tt u Crime on Increase WHETHER with regard to juvenile, or adult offenses, we are not getting the results from our complicated, expensive system of law enforcement that we should, or that we have a right to expect. Last year was a record-breaker for murder in New York, with a total of 698 in the state and 494 in the city. New York is not exceptional in this respect. Murder has increased steadily in this country for the last twenty years, and so have most other serious crimes. Crime has become such a stupendous factor in our economic and social life that no one can estimate its. cost. What we pay for protection through the employment of peace officers, the maintenance of courts and the upkeep of prisons is but a small part of it. The insurance bill by which we endeavor to safeguard ourselves has grown to enormous proportions. a tt tt Teaching Morality UNLESS our theory of education is all wrong, we have got to find a corrective for this situation in the treatment and training of children. Well, we don’t teach them arithmetic by putting them on bread and water, or shutting them up in the dark, and we’re not going to teach them, morality that way. Children do not resent order, system and discipline as long as they have confidence and faith in those who impose it, but their confidence and faith are essential. x A child will do most anything for and take most anything from the man, or woman, whom he trusts. That’s where we’ve got to begin. tt tt tt Russia’s Children YOU hear a lot of talk about what Russia is going to do when she gets the factories built and the farms in operation. Russia will not have tested the efficacy of hek political system until she meets thes. first two or three generations of children reaired under it—reared in a cold, emotionless discipline. X Millions of theseX children are running about the countryside right now, giving vent to their surplus enegry by joining bands and whooping it up generally, but they don’t know the meaning of sympathy, much less love. When you get right down to brass tacks, the future of\ any country is determined by cf men and women it produces, \nd what they learn to do as a matrer of right, or wrong is vastly more inXr portant than what they are forced" to do as a matter of compulsion. tt tt Home, the Criterion OTHER things being equal, no woman loves a child like its mother and no man takes the same interest as- its father. Through one cause or another, many children are deprived of the advantages which go with a normal home and parental guidance. In a constantly increasing number of cases, society is compelled to shoulder the burden not only of supporting children, but. of training them. Sometimes, it finds them as orphans, sometimes, as delinquents.

In all cases, it should adopt methods as nearly like those prevailing in the normal home and followed by normal parents as is humanly possible. Whether in the asylum, the courtroom, or the reformatory, the first idea should be to act as the normal, right-minded father and mother would act under similar circumstances. How many Jews are there in the world and how many live in the United States and in New York? . David Trietsch, a German-Jewish statistician estimates that there are now 18,080,000 Jews in the world; 4,400,000 in the United States and 2,000,000 in New York. What is the title otf the ruler of Abyssinia? Emperor. Who invented the stethoscope? Rene Theophile Laennac, a French physician, in 18l!§. What was the population of Washington, D. C., in 1860? 75.080. When and where will the next world’s fair be held in the United States? Chicago, in 1933. How' many airplane pilots are there in the United States and how many are transport pilots? l There are 15,308 pilots In the United States of whom 5,714 are transport pilots.

“Turned Up by a Lotta Bookkeepers!"

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE . Avoid Constipation in Hot Weather

This is the second of a series of seven articles by Dr. Morris Flshbein on “Summer Csro of Health.” In the light of new data on proper diet, dress and exercise during the hot months, this series should now prove particularly timely. BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. JN very hot weather with considerable humidity, the condition of health depends on proper clothing, rest and diet. Wet clothing is a good conductor of heat. Hence, if damp clothes are worn in hot weather, there is danger of chilling. People who go bathing and then sit around in damp bathing suits find this out very promptly.

IT SEEMS TO ME

I HAVE always been a little dubious as to the validity of the familiar theory about the artist and the life of sin. If one were an artist it would, of course, be a convenient theory. Some hold that It is good for the man of high talent to be fairly footloose from inhibitions. With certain nice reservations it may be to his advantage and to the advantage of the world in the long run, that he should find in life the things he wants. But, for that matter, the same rule holds good for other individuals who are not artists. a a a Thing to Do THE flaw in the theory of looseness for art’s sake is that immorality is responsible for almost as many catchwords and false traditions as virtue itself. Only very fine spirits have ever been able to sin without self-consciousness. Eightythree per cent of all dissipation is undertaken not so much from any honest longing as from a feeling that it is the thing to do. The reservoir in Central park could be filled to overflowing with cocktails which were imbibed by persons who did not really want them but feared that refusal would seem a little churlish. It- is not that way in our own day. The man who refuses a cocktail, whether he wants it or not, is set down by the company as a prig and a Puritan. He is a jingo who believes in the maintenance of a big navy and intervention in Nicaragua. There are sharp claws in the velvet of gallantry. The emancipated woman may be a courageous soul who has just come into heaping handfuls of new freedom. But the emancipated male has precious lit—stle freedom. Indeed, he confesses as much by adopting the descriptive phrase “a regular fellow.” a a a What’s Sauce WITHOUT doubt Joseph of the is the most maligned characterXin all history. He fled from an entanglement for the sufficient and excellent reason that it was not to his liking. For centuries since his name has been held up to scorn. The world holds that the conduct

pTCOWy-18-THteh

TARDIEU’S SPEECH July 9 ON July 9, 1917, Andre Tardieu, the then French high commissibner to the United States, gave a speech before the Franco-American Society in New York in which he outlined a plan for control of supplies in the war. He said in part; “The great duty of the United States at the present moment is to put on the same footing all those who are fighting for the same cause. have been in this war you have been best with requests by each of the powers of the entente. “You gave them a generous answer, but you are beginning to realize that if your assistance should be solicited indefinitely in the same manner, your immense resources would not be sufficient to comply with requests when ill-regulated.” To prevent the occurrence of such situation Tardieu proposed the creation in Europe, as near the front as possible, of an inter-allied committee to centralize all demands, study and control them, and to submit them to the United States on behalf of all the allies, grouped according to their urgency in relation to military operations,.

In hot weather, the air which is inhaled is rarified by heat and contains less oxygen; therefore, there is a tendency to retention of carbon dioxide in the blood. Some people insist that is is partly the reason why they tire so easily In hot weather. People who live in the tropics have a pulse rate that is slightly higher than that of those living in the temperate zone. It is believed that it is related to the breathing rate. People are also inclined to be more irritable in hot weather than in cold weather. In the tropics there is a condition called “tropical irritability,” which is supposed to be due to some change taking place in the nervous system in hot weather. However, these things have not been definitely established. It is

of a woman is excellent when she refuses the advances of a man. That same world sniggers contemptuously when it hears of any man who has refused the advances of a woman. For me the most eloquent moment in “What Price Glory?” was not directly concerned with war and battles. Through one brief scene the play touched something much more fundamental. We watched Captain Flagg, just back from turmoil in the trenches, make love to the resident French belle of the village. ana Gallantry LOUIS WOLHEIM played the in.cident superbly. He acted the part of a man consumed with deep fatigue. There is an old wives tale that soldiers home from the wars, even for an hour, must be gallant and insistent in their dealings with all women. Captain Flagg was under the tug of this tradition. His inclination could not be considered. And so, with all the good will he could muster, he made love to the fat siren. She refused him. With a happy sign he accepted the rebuff and went to quarters, bearing with him brandy. Under the circumstances no blame could be attached to him. He had asked and been turned down. Honor, at least, was satisfied.

Questions and Answers

How many sachems has Tammany Hall? Besides the grand sachem, there are thirteen sachems. What is the world speed record fcr all kinds of and what is the record for a land vehicle? The record for all kinds of vehicles is 357.7 miles per hour, mad 6 by an English seaplane, piloted by Captain Augustus Orlebar. The fastest speed on land is 245 miles per hour, made by Captain Malcolm Campbell, in his special built automobile called Bluebird 11. What is the name and place of publication of the official organ of the Grand Army of the Republic? The National Tribune, published at 44 ,G street, N. E„ Washington, D. C., every Thursday. Do more people die in the United States of heart disease than of cancer? According to the latest available figures, there were 245,244 deaths in a year from heart ailment and 111,569 from cancer. What two daily newspapers in London have the largest circulations^ The Daily Mail has 1,872,418, and the Daily Express has 1,703,000. W r hat city in Spain is most noted for bull fighting? Seville. How old is the king of Italy? He was born Nov. 11, 1869. How old is President Hoover? Fifty-six. What does Shenandoah mean? It is an Indian name, said to mean “sprucy stream.” How does Heywood Broun pronounce his name? He says that he pronounces it to rhyme with coon, loon and moon. WTiat is the best way to clean a hair brush? Put a dash of household ammonia in warm water and dip the brush in it several times with the back up. Do not rinse it. This stiffens the bristles so that they never grow soft, and they last as long as the rest of the brush. Wipe the back with a soft cloth and lay the brush.

quite possible that irritability is due to the changed conditions under which people live. In hot weather there is less appetite, less desire for meat, and a greater demand for spicy articles of food. Physicians who live in the tropics insist that this is due to a lowering of the power of digestion associated with living in hot weather. However, this is not nearly so important as the danger of constipation in hot weather. In hot weather much moisture is lost from the skin, therefore, the material in the bowels tends to be exceedingly hard and concentrated. In order to overcome the tendency to constipation in hot weather, it is advisable to drink lots of water and also to take considerable quantities of fresh fruits and vegetables.

HEYWQOD *** BROUN

And so, if I were an artist, I would not pay much attention to the theory that genius must develop by promenades along the primrose path. Certainly I would not walk there through any sense of dtfty. It does not seem to me that an artist in search of educational experiences presents a very attractive figure. No’ matter what he says, words must convqy the thought, “Please fly with me and be my love, because I am planning anew novel and it must be animated by fire and by passion.” I should hardly think that any woman would regard it as an endearing proposal. a a a Mirrors FOR that matter, what is the source of this nonsense about a writer’s having to experience life in order to write about it? Very possibly a person never touched by any emotion will find it difficult to create in his own stories authentic pathos and passion. But surely it is silly to suppose that he must mirror his own experiences in any exact way. The greatest tales of adventure are those written by innocent bystanders. If a publisher wanted a first-rate story of the prize ring he would be far more shrewd to try to enlist the services of Thornton Wilder than to sign up Mr. Tunney. (Copyright. 1931. by The Times)

on its back to dry. Silver-backed hair brushes must not be put in water. Rub the bristles well in flour until they are clean, then use soft paper to remove all the flour. Polish the backs with silver polish. How many broadcasting stations are there in the world and how many of these are in the United States? There are 1,341 broadcasting stations in the world, of which 611 are in the United States. To whom is the phrase “Hitch your wagon to a star” credited? It is a quotation from Ralph Waldo Emerson. Is the fact that salt is found in water an indication that there are oil deposits somewhere around? It is true that salt is found in the water in areas where there is oil, but the mere fact of the presence of salt in water does not necessarily mean that there are oil deposits in the vicinity. How many airplanes do the Lexington, Saratoga and Langley carry? The Lexington and Saratoga each carries seventy planes, and the Langley carries thirty.

Wedding Bells Are they ringing for tfou in sune? Or any time in the future? Our Washington bureau has prepared for you one of its authoritative and interesting bulletins on Wedding Etiquette. It covers every point that the bride, the groom, the wedding attendants, tne parents and friends of the bride and the bridegroom, want and need to know about the “proper thing” for all kinds of weddings. Fill out the coupon below and send for it. CLIP COUPON HERE Dept. 126, Washington Bureau, The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York Avenue, Washington, D. C.: I want a copy of the bulletin. Wedding Etiquette, and inclose herewith 5 cents in coin, or loose, uncancelled, United States postage stamps, to cover return postage and handling costs. Name St. and No ( City ; state I am a reader of The Indianapolis Times. (Code No.)

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those of one of America’s most interesting- writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

JULY 9, 1931

SCIENCE

BY DAVID DIETZ Many Entomologists Feel That the Insects May Yet Dispute Man's Possession of the Earth. MAN rules the world today. He drives his locomotives across the land, his boats across the sea, his airplanes through the air. Animals fall for the most part into two classes, those he has tamed and those who are fast becoming extinct. But many scientists are not yet certain that man will remain in possession of the earth. Many entomologists, as those who devote their time to the study of insects are called, feel that the insects may yet dispute man’s possession of the earth. Dr. L. O. Howard, former chief of the United States bureau of entomology, says that mankind must wage perpetual warfare with the insects, and to support his claim he points to the many problems which both the United States bureau and similar bureaus ip all parts of the world must face. Man’s advances have hurt other animals. But they have helped many kinds of insects. Great farms are not only sources of foods for man. They are likewise choice banquets for millions of insects. International commerce has been an aid to insects. An insect is carried from one country to another. In its native country, the insect may have many enemies—other insects which prey upon it. Asa result, its numbers are kept down. In the hew country, the insect may hgve no natural enemies. As a result, it will flourish until it costs the farmers millions of dollars a year. nan New insect Hordes THE extent to which America has suffered from the importation Df foreign insect pests can be gleaned from a table prepared by Prof. Glen W. Herrick of Cornell university. He lists thirty-five insect pests of prime economic importance which have been introduced into the Unite 4 States since approximately 1750. Twelve were introduced prior to 1900. They were the coddling-moth, Hessian fly, pear psylla, imported elm-leaf beetle, currant sawfly, imported cabbage worm, gypsy moth, San Jose scale, Larch case-.borer, mottled willow borer, brown-tail moth and Mexican cotton-boil weevil. Twelve more were introduced between 1900 and 1920. They were the carrot rust fly, alfalfa weevil, European earwig, European pine-shoot moth, pine sawfly, Japanese beetle, oriental peach moth, European corn-borer, tropical fowl mite, ba-nana-root borer, pink cotton-boil worm and apple and thorn skeletonizer. Another eleven have been added to the list since 1920. They are the Asiatic beetle, satin moth, camphor scale, Mexican bean beetle, new oriental beetle, Australian tomato weevil, Oriental twilight beetle, cabbage weevil, grape thrips, Mexican fruit-fly and Mediterranean fruitfly. * It is important to note that the rate at which insect pests are introduced seems to be on the increase. This fact is particularly alarming in the face of the fact that strict quarantine measures were introduced about fifteen years ago to guard against insect pests. ana Spread Is Steady ANOTHER phase of the question which merits considerable study is the way in which these insect pests spread once they have been introduced into the country. Professor Herrick has prepared a number of maps which illustrate this. “The spread of the Mexican cotton boll weevil is well known and in some respects significant,” he says. “The weevil spread eastward over the cotton belt, from its center of infestation in Texas, despite yearly quarantine measures instituted against it. “The significant aspect of this migration is that the weevil did not jump ahead and form isolated outbreaks here and there, but spread outward in uniform waves passing over all human obstacles.” <*} The wave-like apparently irresistible thread of an insect pest has been noticed in other cases. Professor Herrick calls attention to the fact that the Mexican bean beetle spread eastward in a similar fashion from Alabama, advancing to the east and the north, year after year, until it had reached Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania and all of the south Atlantic states. The corn-borer also spread in similar fashion. The most recent pest to enter the United States is the Mediterranean fruit fly which made its appearance in Florida on April 6. 1929.

Daily Thought

For nothing is secret, that shall not be made manifest; neither anything hid that shall not be known and come abroad.—St. Luke 8:17. People addicted to secrecy are so without knowing why; they are not so for cause, but for secrecy’s sake.—Hazlitt. What currency is used in Guam, Porto Rico and Hawaii? United States currency.