Indianapolis Times, Volume 43, Number 44, Indianapolis, Marion County, 1 July 1931 — Page 4

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One Year of Woodcock If Amos W. W. Woodcock is given to introspection, his thoughts may not be comfortable as his first year in charge of the “experiment noble in motive” closes. The national dry boss doubtless knows now, if he did not before, that decent and effective enforcement can not go hand in hand. He must Appreciate that the more honorable the methods by which he tries to enforce the dry laws, the less chance of success he has. A soldier, he may reflect that prohibition enforcement, like war, does not admit of sensible thought or treatment. This is no reflection upon Mr. Woodcock, althought it is the worst indictment of prohibition in a decade. He has, without a doubt, given the sanest and least offensive sort of enforcement since the enactment of the eighteenth amendment. He has, where some of his predecessors failed, been a businesslike official rather than a fanatic. He haa, in accord with the administration’s known wishes, taken the subject off the front page and out of the realm of sensationalism. He has, in many things, been moderate and temperate. His policies have shown some thought for the Bill of Rights as well as the ordinary decencies. He has emphasized the citizens’ right to be free from unlawful invasion of their homes. He has executed the Hoover program of directing enforcement against the commercial traffic rather than the appetite. His influence on the actions of agents has been healthy. He has forbidden gun play and rough tactics in raids. He has frowned upon stool pigeons and entrapment. He has tried to improve the standard of agents through schooling in their duties and the individuals’ rizhts. Nevertheless, he has met with less actual success than his hasty and hard-boiled predecesssors. There is no shortage of liqcor. Home brew and grape concentrates flourish in millions of cellars under the administration’s nullification of the eighteenth amendment. Speakeasies increase in the larger cities. Prices, if anything, have declined, and the quality does not seem to suffer. In rural districts the flow of corn and moonshine rye continues strong. Disrespect for law grows. Mr. Woodcock need not accept our word for all this. The Wickersham commission furnishes the data for an unbiased estimate of prohibition’s failure. Enforcement got nowhere during the high-handed, often grotesque, regimes of Haynes, Andrews, Lowman. It did not improve in the hands of Dr. Doran, an experienced and conscientious government official. And it has bogged down even worse under the supervision of Mr. Woodcock, lawyer-soldier-gentleman. What next?

What About Carrots? An American eats what his fancy dictates, and what he can be induced to buy, and is not forced to take whatever foods are available. Asa result, numerous devices have been used to promote the greater consumption of various articles such as citrus fruits and—you guessed it—spinach. The “health appeal” has been most effective in changing food habits, we are told by William A. Sherman of the bureau of agricultural economics of the department of agriculture. Sherman’s research leads to the discovery that where from 1917 to 1920 our railroads carried 2,436 carloads of spinach a year, they now handle 10,002 carloads. “Scientific advocates of the use of spinach have confessed to me that they themselves soon tire of it,” Sherman adds, “and I have found few persons who are enthusiastic over spinach for themselves oftener than say once a week, or perhaps less frequently. “See how many parents are placing spinach with relentless regularity before their children and insisting that at least some of it be eaten.” And, he might have added, husbands are by no means immune from the spinach craze and other food fads. Sherman may have committed heresy in his remarks about spinach and made the task of housekeepers more difficult. But all the family except mother will rise to praise his name. No Test of Freedom The Christian Century is extremely indignant at the supreme court for denying citizenship in the Macintosh and Bland cases. It minces no words: “Not since the Dred Scott case, in 1857, has the supreme court of the United States rendered a decision which so outrages the nation’s conscience. . . . This is tyranny in its worst form. It is not merely that kind of tyranny which emerges in a crisis; it is tyranny woven into the very structure of government and consented to by its citizens. That the American spirit will accept it supinely is unthinkable.” m Without the slightest wish to dissent from the Christian Century’s opposition to making military service a basic test of fitness for American citizenship, there is some consolation in the decision. The Macintosh and Bland cases presented no clear test of freedom of conscience in regard to war. They merely raised the question of whether religious scruples should be placed above obligation to military service. If any victory is won for freedom of conscience in regard to war and military service, it must be won in some sweeping case as that of Rosika Schwimmer. Here the issue is drawn clearly between pacifism and militarism. A victory would be a triumph for all types of sincere objectors'to the war system. It may be well to wait for further additions to the liberal contingent on the supreme court and then bring up a case similar to that of Madame Schwimmer. The fact that religious objectors to war now are excluded from citizenship will help to keep alive the desire to test anew the temper of the court on this issue. Crime Law Tinkerers Wisely, it would seem, a committee of the Federation of Bar Associations of western New York has ended a long study of the American jury system by recommending against proposals to modify the unanimous verdict in favor of the three-quarters verdict or less: They find that under the unanimous system disagreements in civil cases run about 4Vi per cent, In criminal cases only 9 per cent, that the nonunanimous agreement verdict would not tend to decrease costs or delays, that on the contrary it would likely bring to trial cases of more doubtful merit. Bar associations and state crime commissions have been very busy of late trying out short cuts in criminal triala. Little good appears to have resulted for society aa a whole. Complaints against the Baumes ’aws of New York, the California "habitual criminals’ act” and other “reforms” are numerous. They seem to show that while the way has been made easier for Iha district attorney, often substantial injustice is

The Indianapolis Times (A SCBIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER) Owned end published deily (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos., 214-220 West Maryland Street, Indianapolis. t n d. Price in Marion County. 2 cents a copy; elsewhere. 3 cents—delivered by carrier. 12 cents a week. BOYD GURLEY. ROY W. HOWARD. FRANK G. MORRISON. Editor President Business Manager PHONE—Riley 5531 WEDNESDAY. JULY 1. 1931. Member of United Press, Scrlpps-Howard Newspaper Alliance. Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

done the defendant, and crime, of course, has not been lessened. The English system has stood the test of centuries and, apparently, it still works in England. A report by the British prison commissioners is just out, showing that in spite of war, depression and plentiful liquor England and Wales reduced their prison population in the seven years prior to Jan. 1, 1930, by 15 per cent among males, and 41 per cent among women. “Prom the figures,” the report states, “it is clear that an improvement in social conditions and social behavior .s one of the causes of the decline of the prison population.” American crime law tinkerers are looking for the easiest way. They adhere to the old formula: Pass a law. If they mixed some economics, sociology and psychology with their penology they could show results like England’s. Surely they should know by this time that harsh laws defeat their own ends. Spain Swings Left General strikes and martial law following Sunday’s national election indicates a rapid swing to the left in Spain. Results of the election, were discounted in advance. By their votes for members of the constitutional assembly, which is to determine the future form of government, the Spanish people have confirmed the revolution of two months ago, which unseated Alfonso and the ancient Bourbon-Hapsburg monarchy. After being driven out, the king said he would abide by the results of the election. Whether he keeps his promise or resorts to the usual form of defunct monarchist plots, Alfonso seems no longer strong enough to influence Spanish events. The monarchist vote was insignificant. The Catholic parties also suffered heavily. That was expected, because of the old alliance between the church and the monarchy, and because of partisan political activities of the Catholic primate and certain other members of the hierarchy. But it would be premature to assume that the church has ceased to be a major power in Spain. Rather, it is to be expected that new ecclesiastics, chosen by the Vatican for their diplomatic skill and popular following, will adapt church policy to the new republican conditions, and thus continue to control public opinion in many parts of the country. Success of the autonomist party in Catalonia doubtless will encourage similar movements in other provinces, and make more difficult the creation of the highly centralized federal type of government desired by the ruling Republican-Socialist coalition. But it may well be that there is more safety and efficiency in a loose and decentralized federation at the present stage of Spanish development than in any more rigid form imposed from above by Madrid. All these Issues of monarchism, church, and state, provincial autonomy, which agitate the Spanish politicians, appear, however, to be less fundamental than the rising economic conflict behind the revolution and the present general strikes. Although conservative republicans fresh from the monarchist fold captured leadership in the republican government which followed Alfonso, the revolution was made by discontented industrial workers in the cities and land-hungry peasants on the estates of the nobility. Now those revolutionary groups are dissatisfied with the conservatism of the Republican-Socialist coalition government. Arrest of Major Franco—famous aviator, popular hero, and revolutionary leader—charged with planning another armed uprising, shows how much the present rulers fear the swing to the left. Even if Franco and the extreme syndicalist group are’Unable to capture power, the revolutionary unrest may drive the Socialists out of the coalition. The Socialist party, which is the best organized and one of the strongest in Spain, is apt for a time to ride the v ave of industrial strikes and peasant revolt which threatens the conservative Republicans. What a home brew concocter fears most is that there will be no kick coming. Brazil is dumping tons of coffee into the Atlantic ocean. Mixing their drinks, as it were.

REASON r SS K

WITH two American airplanes crossing the Atlantic within forty-eight hours, the once great adventure loses its majesty and it will not be long until it will be classed with channel swimming. a a a The shrinking of the big pound should open the eyes of those gentlemen at Washington who are intrusted with our national defense; it should convince them that millions spent on iron warships are worse than wasted and that the airplane is the fighter of the future. a a a A New York attorney recently withdrew from a divorce trial on finding that his client had induced witnesses to commit perjury, which reminds us that once Abraham Lincoln found himself in a crooked case and could not stand it. a a a COURT convened after dinner, but Lincoln was not present. After a few minutes the judge told the bailiff to go to the window and call his name. The bailiff saw him washing his hands at ihe courthouse pump and called him and Lincoln shouted back: “Tell the judge it’s a dirty mess and I’m now washing my hands of it for good!'’ a a a Here’s the story of a young blood who asked a motorist to give him a lift and who then beat his benefactor into insensibility, took his money and has car, and threw him into a clump of bushes. There ought to be a vigilance committee in every neighborhood to give a necktie party in such a case. a a a It’s bad luck for Ruth Nichols that her machine cracked up and she was not permitted to try her flight to Paris right now when the fates seem to be in such a tender mood toward ocean hoppers. Had Ruth put it over she would have stolen the show from the gentlemen who flew across. a a a SENATOR HENRY B. HAWES of Missouri is In small business to go to Manila and attend a secret meeting of Filipinos and then later address a university and tell the students that independence would come soon if they would only make a united drive for it a a it For some reason, this is the only country in the world whose citizens fake a great delight in going abroad and making speeches which make trouble for their home government. Usually it is the desire to say what a particular bunch desires to hear. a a a No American who is worth his salt will go to a foreign country and say one word to the disparagement of Uncle Sam. It’s all right to criticise anybodyand everybody here at home, but not in a foreign country.

THE Indianapolis times

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

We Are Not Only Explorers in the Flesh and Blood, but We Still Have Plenty to Explore. NEW YORK, July I.—A British expedition has scaled Mt. Kamet, sixth highest peak of the Himalayas. It took runners nine days to carry the news a few miles. Once they had reached the outposts of civilization, it was flashed over the world in the space of minutes. Men have been climbing mountains since the dawn of consciousness, but Kamet is the highest one they have yet scaled. It is not only exceeded by five others, but by some of them sufficiently to make good-sized mountains. Everest, for instance, is 29,000 feet high, while Kamet is only 25,447. That leaves a difference of more than 3,500 feet. Outside of the Pacific coast and Rocky mountain sections, we Americans regard climbing a 3,500-foot hill as real adventure. Imagine that hill on top of a snow-capped mountain five miles high, with the temperature seldom less than 15 or 20 degrees below zero and no wood with which to make a fire, and you get some idea of what remains to be done. out* Deep Sea Treasure FRENCH divers at last have succeeded in ripping away some of the deck of the treasure ship Egypt which lies off Brest, 400 feet beneath the surface of the sea. They figure they have done about one-third of the work necessary to reach the bullion room, where $5,000,000 in gold is stored. Even their partial success can be described as an unprecedented performance. Up to tiffs time divers have been able to do very little beyond the depth of 150 or 175 feet. In view of that fact, anything like real work at 400 feet seems remarkable, but in view of what lies beyond, it is not so impressive. tt tt Abysmal Ocean Valleys THE ocean contains valleys capable of submerging the highest mountain on earth, with hundreds of feet to spare. We have a long way to go before we find out what they look like. Some people doubt whether that is possible, or whether it would be worth the price. What could we hope to gain, they ask, by reaching the bottom of the sea? tt tt Mystery Lures Man LOOKED at one way, climbing mountains, going up in balloons, descending in diving bells and exploring polar regions seems a waste of time and strength. Looked at another way, they just are phases of man’s struggle to learn. Thirst for knowledge includes more than a desire to satify curiosity or even gain power. Anything we don’t know means mystery. Mystery makes it impossible for us to deduce natural laws with assurance and gives rise to all kinds of superstitions and theories as a substitute. Until we know what conditions are at the bottom of the sea, we can not be certain as to the laws of water pressure. Until we have reached the top of the atmosphere, we shall not know whether there is a vacuum, or a substance beyond. St tt ft Water Pressure Known? IT has been assumed that water pressure continues to increase indefinitely. In the same way it was assumed that the speed of a body falling through the air increased indefinitely and that living things could not possibly retain consciousness very long. Parachute jumping has disproved that assumption. We know now that atmospheric resistance reduces the speed of falling bodies to a uniform rate after a few seconds. Maybe, we are due for just as great a jolt regarding water pressure. tt St tt Plenty to Explore BECAUSE of what Jules Verne wrote fifty or sixty years ago, and more especially because of the way in which it has been justified, the notion prevails that the task of discovering scientific truths involves no more irksome labor than getting off in a corner and dreaming. The point is, however, that Jules Verne was not a dreamer. He spent a good deal of time acquiring and digesting such scientific knowledge as was available, and he wrote very little that scientists regarded as improbable. Science knows that a great many inventions and discoveries are just around the comer because those laws and principles already .scovered, but where laws and principles have not been discovered, science is just as helpless as the rest of us. It is quite true that some laws and principles have been discovered by the process of deduction, and no one doubts that more will be discovered in the same way. The majority of such discoveries, however, has been brought about by actual experience, by real men coming in contact with real facts, and that method will also continue to be indispensable. We are not only explorers in the flesh and blood, but we still have plenty to explore.

Questions and Answers y

How high is the Eiffel tower in Paris? It is 904 feet. How old ts Professor Albert Einstein? About 52 years old. Name the capital of New Mexico. Santa Fe. Where and when was Knute Rockne born? He was born at Voss, Norway March 4, 1888. Who wrote the words of the “Over There?” George M. Cohan.

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DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Diet Has Little Effect in Rheumatism

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor. Journal of the American Medical Association, and of Hygeia. the Health Magazine. ■p HEUMATIC conditions and inflammation of the joints seem to be affected very little by diet In the majority of cases; they are brought about by infections. Control means some method of getting read of the infection. There are some conditions affecting the joints, such as gout, which are known to be associated with dietary difficulties, and which seem to be radically influenced by the proper selection of food. Acute inflammations of the joints, and particularly the type of infection seen in rheumatic fever, are not influenced greatly by diet. McLester points out that it has been a general impression for years that sweets, meats and fruits were harmful for such patients, but he feels that this observation was due to a confusion of ordinary

IT SEEMS TO ME BY H BROUN D

FOR years the impression has been popularized that the theater is a pitfall for young women. My own experiences as a showman still are too limited to let me generalize with any degree of authority. And yet even on the basis of two weeks in the game, I have grave doubts as to the validity of the popular conception. For the moment I will leave out the legitimate drama, in which the cast may be small and a certain degree of intimacy soon set up among the collaborators. Still, it is the musical comedy field which has been exploited chiefly as a trap for the young and the unwary. How can it be so? The rehearsal period of a revue seems to me a singularly inauspicious spot for a Don Juan. While it is true that the Casanova complex does suggest a numerous retinue, nevertheless the episodes are spaced to occur one at a time. And ’round a theater during the preliminary weeks of preparation there are too many people to permit of any selectivity. a tt tt From a Novice POSSIBLY my own testimony may be ruled out, since I am among the least predatory of males. However, I do not understand the idea. The notion is not entirely foreign to me, and I can state that when one is bustling about on a bare stage with thirty or forty young ladies in practice clothes his purposes become a bit confused. To be more specific, I stood the other day on the stage of the George M. Cohan theater while a theatrical photographer undertook to get a group picture. It was his plan that I should stand in the center of the chorus of “Shoot the Works!” He wanted to get a chummy snapshot. And as we assembled for the pose, he kept urging the young ladies to crowd in closer to the large individual who happened for the sake of composition to be the nucleus of the design. In a loud voice he said three or

jilt

KERENSKY’S TRIUMPH July 1 ON July 1, 1917, the great offensive which Alexander Kerensky, war minister of the Provisional Russian government had urged upon Russian troops, had its initial success, when 35,000 prisoners were captured at the front. This restoration of morale among the troops was aided by Kerensky's strong hand and the power of his fiery eloquence, which swept through the country like a flame. And, once the offensive was started, the rapid succession of victories gained by the military genius of General Brusiloff reacted in a very favorable sense upon the position of the provisional government, giving it new strength and prestige. Hindenburg checked the Russian advance two weeks later, but the successes already attained were sufficient to restore the confidence in toe troops that Kerensky sought in urging his offensive. J-.—A - - *■ _

Old Father Hubbard

arthritis with gout and that there is no reason for such a belief. Dr. McLester says that patients with acute inflammations of the joints do not require any limitations of diet, except those that are made necessary by high fever and other disturbances. A simple, easily digested diet is most desirable. It should include milk, eggs, cereals with cream, toast, butter, preserves, orange juice, ice cream and simple puddings. Because people with fever and inflammations of the joints are likely to become anemic, it is also desirable to give them fairly frequently broiled calves’ liver or puree made of liver and kidneys. An excellent puree is made by using approximately 200 grams of calves’ liver and an equal quantity of lamb kidney. In the chronic type of Inflammation of the joints, diet will also not control the condition. A nourishing

four times, “Now, girls, cuddle up closer to Mr. Broun.” And, like good soldiers engaged upon a dangerous and disagreeable enterprise, the young ladies complied with the order. I had four or five pressed closely against my kneecaps and shoulder blades, with another two dozen crowding in upon me. n tt a Sheer Panic I WON’T deny that a certain shyness overcame me. But it was not precisely a situation fraught with danger for any of those concerned. No single individual stood out In the group. This was, if you please, the younger generation breaking in upon my middle-aged fantasies. Yet out of such a number there was no single individual whom I

People’s Voice

Editor Times—l read the item in the May 6 issue by M. & H. relative to the difference in taxes paid by railroads and trucks. We can not see where this article has given the public the correct information. In the first place, an original cost of $6,300 is quoted. He does not say how many miles of roadway has been used and of course this is not included with the original cost. It would be conservative to assume that this man operates his truck over 500 miles of improved highway, which take an average cost of $50,000 a mile, which the railroad company would have to invest to provide a roadway for their trains. He would have to add $2,500,000 to the investment which he quotes, which would make $2,512,500 to provide a roadway and two trucks to conduct his business. Taking 3 per cent, the personal tax which this gentleman quotes, would result in his paying $75,375 taxes instead of the small sum of $743, which he claims is his excessive taxes. Then, he is not being called on to do what the railroads are doing, as he is not maintaining the highways after they are built; he has no federal regulations or inspections. This man is bringing out very clearly what the public has complained about. We do not feel as though we hould be forced to build and maintain highways for individuals or companies to confiscate for transportation purposes in opposition to transportation organization* * *i are compelled to build their own right of way. Jn the last paragraph this man states: "Take the trucks off the highways and see what kind of roads you will have.” We know what kind of roads we would have, as we learned this before the trucks went into operation. We also note that they cost a great deal less a mile before the trucks started to damage them. We would like to see the time when we could go out in our cars without the fear of being knocked off the road by a truck. It is about time that we taxpayers as a whole demand & square deal and remonstrate against the practice of a small minority of the people using the public taxes to construct highways for their own private business. ' • W. McD. ~ ■ r

diet is particularly important in the chronic type and should include especially the foods that provide plenty of vitamins, minerals and good quantities of protein, such as muscle meats and liver. The people who have apparently supported dietary quacks more than any others are those who are growing old and have, associated with increase in age, slight inflammations of the joints. The chief value in such cases is attached to diets that are sufficiently slight in caloric value to prevent increase in weight. A large increase in weight is serious at any time, but particularly serious when it concerns someone with inflamed joiints. Indeed, a low caloric diet with limited amounts of carbohydrates or sugars is the one type of diet upon which all authorities agree as being of some use in chronic arthritis deformans, or in the progressive types of inflammation of the joints affecting the aged.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those of one of America’s most interesting writers and are nresented with'-ut regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this naner.—The Editor.

could remember. And so I think that I can fairly say that each of the young ladies concerned can go home and tell her mother that no tragic consequences will ensue from her enlistment in “Shoot the Works!” My mind is a blur. There must be a greater singleness of purpose and opportunity before the devil can step in to do his dirty work. a a tt Business Girl NEXT to the stage the business office is suposed to be the chief avenue by which young women of the better sort become a little worse. Here it is true that the press of numbers is somewhat diminished. Os course, I have never been a working girl myself. But I have known and talked to lots of girls who are employed in business offices. “My boss never made a pass at me,” exclaimed Phoebe. “Don’t be laive. Why Mr. X doesn’t even know I exist. I’m just there to take orders.” I was considerably surprised. It seemed to me that a girl like Phoebe would disrupt the routine in any office. She had everything—looks, charm, intelligence and loads of personality. “Well,” I thought, “this situation is just the exception that proves the rule. I’ll look further.” I did. I spoke to countless girls. Invariably the answer was the same. Their bosses never gave them a tumble after hours. And during the office day their relations were confined strictly to business. (Copyright. 1931. by The Times) What is a “lame duck” congress? Members who are defeated for re-election are called “lame ducks.” The congress, by constitutional provision, meets in December after the November elections, and this is known as the short session. Because the “lame ducks” who were defeated in November are still sitting in this congress, it is called the “lame duck congress.” The members elected in November do not take their seats until a year from the following December.

Those Pests With the warm days of. spring and the hot days of summer, the household pest war is on. Our Washington bureau has ready for you a packet of five bulletins, giving authoritative information on combating pests that will enable any housewife to ‘‘take steps” to free the house of their annoyance and dangers. The titles of the bulletins are: 1. Exterminating Ants. 3. Cockroaches. 2. Getting Bid of Bedbugs. 4. Moths and Their ContrcL 5. Exterminating Bats. A packet containing these five bulletins will be sent to any reader. Fill out the coupon below and mail as directed. CLIP COUPON HERE Dept. 129, Washington Bureau, The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York Avenue, Washington, D. C.: I want the packet of five bulletins on Household Pests, and inclose herewith 15 cents in coin, or loose, uncaiiceled United State* postage stamps, to cover return postage and handling costs. Name City State St. and No. X am a reader of The Int&mapolis Times. (Code No.)

JULY 1, 1931

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

Hobbies Are Helpful and Microscopy Is Good One to Take Up. T TEALTH authorities all agree upon the value of a hobby, be it gardening or the collecting of postage stamps. The citizen on the lookout for anew hobby will find any number of them in the fields of science. Astronomy long has been a favorite hobby in the scientific field. History tells how many famous astronomers began as amateurs. Sir William Herschel, who discovered the planet Uranus, was by profession a bandmaster and organist. He first took up astronomy and telescope-building as a hobby. He built his first telescope because he could not afford to buy one and eventually built a bigger and better telescope than any other ia existence during his day. In England, astronomy is a popular hobby and many of the finest observatories are owned privately. Some of these amateur enthusiasts take their work very seriously and e LiF 1 * 30rt,ant excellent results. Other scientific hobbies include the making of collections of minerals, butterflies and various types of insects, and so on. Another excellent scientific hobby, the possibilities of which are not so widely known as those of astronomy, is the field of microscopy. tt a tt Detailed Instructions ANy one with designs upon microscopy as a hobby will be particularly interested in “The Book of the Microscope,” by Gerald Beavis. (The book is published by J. B. Lippincott Company at $2.50.) Beavis points out that it is not necessary to enter the hobby with an expensive microscope, in fact that it is much better to do the opposite, to start with a simple and inexpensive instrument, learn its full possibilities and uses, and then go in for a more powerful instrument later. This is good sound advice. As every college freshman who has taken a course in biology will testify, the time he looked into a microscope, he didn’t see anything. It is quite exasperating, as freshmen can testify, to have the professor tell him something is right in the middle of the microscope field and not to be able to see it. But after some practice, the freshman learns to use the microscope. Beavis begins his book by describing the construction of the microscope. He gives detailed instructions for its use and for the use of the necessary accessories. He also gives detailed instructions for preparation of plant, insect, and mineral specimens so that they can be observed with the microscope. Chapters are devoted to various types of observing. One is titled “Common Objects for the Microscope.” Another is “Making a Mi-cro-Aquarium.” Others include “The Marvels of Coral,” “The Marvels of Pond Life,” “The Marvels of Frost and Snow” and “The Marvels of Seed Germination.” a tt a About Leeuwenhoek This writer, who recalls with pleasure the hours spent during his school days bending over a microscope In the biology laboratory, recommends microscopy as a hobby. But it is well to keep in mind some of the precautions which Beavis gives in his book. The amateur must not expect too much at first. He must go slowly, learning the proper use of the microscope and the proper methods of preparing slides. In connection with amateur work in microscopy, it is interesting to recall that Antony Leeuwenhoek, the discoverer of the existence of germs, whom Paul De Kruif called the “first of the microbe hunters,” really was an amateur. Leeuwenhoek, who lived in Holland, was by profession the keeper of a dry goods store and the janitor of the city hall of his home town. His interest in the microscope grew out of the fact that in his day, the storekeepers used magnifying glasses to count the threads in cloth. He became fascinated by the idea that it was possible with a glass to see things which were too small to be seen with the unaided eye. Accordingly, just as Herschel made his own telescopes, Leeuwenhoek began to make his own microscopes. He succeeded in making better ones than any one else ever had made, and soon his discoveries, communicated by letters to the Royal Society of London, made him world famous.

Daily Thought

Through the tender mercy of our God; whereby the dayspring from on high hath visited us.— St. Luke 1:78. God’s mercy is a holy mercy, which knows how to pardon sin, not to protect it; it is a sanctuary for the penitent, not for the presumptuous.—Bishop Reynolds.