Indianapolis Times, Volume 43, Number 43, Indianapolis, Marion County, 30 June 1931 — Page 4

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Xndiana Limestone Despite the announcement of the commissioners for the George Rogers Clark memorial that there is no basis for the criticism that Indiana limestone has been eliminated from a large portion of the Vincennes monument, the figures strongly suggest that such has Leei. the case. Just why it is necessary to use marble or granite for any part of that monument will need explanation to the citizens of Indiana. This stone is used for great state buildings in other parts of the country. So far no one has known of any crumbling of this stone. It has rested for ages beneath the ground. It has stood, so far, as long as it has been erected. Nor can there be any argument on the ground of beauty that marble or granite is needed. The only reason for their use at all is that they have been more available in other davs and in other localities. This stone has been and is a great advertisement for this state and its production has added to the resources of the state. It gives employment to many men. It helps support the state government which contributes a large amount of the funds for this memorial. The commission which had charge of erecting the great World war memorial in this city have had no reason to regret their use of this material. The civic center when completed will be one of the great artistic centers of this country and it will be built of this stone. What better monument could be raised to the great explorer whose daring and courage opened to the nation and the world this great section of the nation than one built of the rocks over which he led his small army? Possibly a survey of the work thus far done by this commission, not only on this matter, but on other phases will now be in order. Tributes to the great of history must be above suspicion of either stupidity or selfinterest. Puie Food Birthday Strangely, the United States department of agriniltUre, in announcing the twenty-fifth anniversary of the signing of the pure food and drug act today, takes up pages of laudation of the law without mentioning its crusading father, the late Dr. Harvey W. Wiley, whose death occurred just a year ago today. The omission is as surprising as would be ft memorial to emancipation without mention of Lincoln, Protestantism without the name of Luther, the Red Cross without that of Clara Barton. ' We propose here to mention Dr. Wiley, and to invoke his fighting spirit, now so rare in the councils of government in Washington. The law, we are told, came into being on a tide of popular indignation over food and drug scandals, such as revealed by Upton Sinclair’s .expose of the Chicago stockyards in “The Jungle” and in the deaths of Spanish-American war soldiers from “embalmed beef.” It would be more accurate to say that it was born of the grim and puritan will of this honest Hoosier, who, as chief chemist for the department of agriculture, helped frame the act, fought it through congress, defended it in the courts, and defied two Presidents in its enforcement. That he finally was forced out by Taft's attorney-general, Wickersham, on what “World’s Work” called “a microscopic legal technicality,” to be vindicated later by a house committee, only shows the power of food interests to influence high government officials. Bureaucracy can not belittle the services of this man, who for twenty-nine years sought to protect the public health against food adulterers, poisoners, mislabelers. In a country that lives largely from tin cans and bottles, his fight against crooked packers and canners should be carried on even more intensively now. Laws are scraps of paper without honest and militant humans to administer them. Before he died, Wiley charged that the pure food and drug law is almost a dead letter! Is that true? The Poor Sardine Chickens, we had thought, were immune from most of the petty annoyances besetting human beings. But we were mistaken. Chickens, too, must have their vitamins in this day of scientific feeding for man and beast, we are assured by no less authority than the bureau of fisheries of the department of commerce. And the bureau, by its research, is making it easier for chickens to be healthy and robust, and awaken in the morning full of pep and ambition for the day's tasks. Certain fish oils, it has been found, are extremely potent in vitamin D, which it seems the chickens need. Sardine oil in particular has a large amount of whatever vitamin D is, a discovery which benefits poultry raisers and fishermen alike. Also, of course, it benefits the chicken, leaving •verybody happy but the poor sardines. We Kill Women Too In Hungary two women were dragged to the gallows unconscious and hanged, while tears streamed down the cheeks of the hangman. Americans, shocked at the brutality of that foreign scene, should realize that their own country soon is to be regaled with a similar picture. An Ohio jury just has condemned to the chair Julia Lowther, quarter-breed Indian girl, for the murder of the wife of her paramour, Tilby Smith, also to be executed. The coming double-execution will recall to the newspapers a similar “expiation” in 1928 in New York, when they filled their columns with gruesome accounts of the last moments of Ruth Snyder and Henry Judd Gray. More thoughtful Americans will see in it just another proof of the utter futility of capital punishment. Lacking exact crime statistics, we only can guess at the number of male executions in this country. The estimate is that they average 100 a year, which would make the number some 13,000 since the beginning of the nineteenth century. Since that same year of Our Lord, we have records of only twisty-six

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American women who have been choked or burned to death in the law’s name. # The first was Elizabeth Rimby, hanged in Pennsylvania in 1808. The second was a New York woman, Suzanna Cox, accused of poisoning her infant, and hanged in 1809. The third woman executed probably was innocent, for after Marguerite Houghtelling had been hanged another woman confessed to the crime. The first female victim of the electric chair in New York was Martha Place, executed in 1899 for murdering her step-daughter; the last was Ruth Snyder. Pennsylvania has executed eight women; New Jersey, two; Virginia, Georgia and Louisiana, all more chivalrous, one each; Arizona, one; District of Columbia, one Ohio’s last female execution was in 1844, the United States’ last was Irene Shroder, electrocuted last February in Pennsylvania. Capital punishment has failed as a deterrent to murder. Between 1912 and 1919, in twelve states there were 20,000 homicides and only 336 executions. For every sixty homicides, one killer went to his own death. Thus, If every killer has fifty-nine chances to one of escaping capital punishment, how much greater are the chances of women killers? The ratio of male to female executions is about 13,100 to 26, or 500 to 1. even taking into consideration the much higher murder rate among men, the deterrent effect of the gallows or the chair upon the passions of women is more than negligible. Why, then, doesn’t Ohio and the thirty-nine other states that still cling to capital punishment join with the eight more enlightened commonwealths and abolish as useless and barbarous this benighted custom? Wanted; A Farm Policy The federal farm board is floundering about in an effort to comply with the request of the President that it fix a “more definite policy with respect to sales” of some 200,000,000 bushels of wheat now held by the stabilization corporation. The board’s assignment is not an easy one. It cart, of course, formulate and announce a policy, but there is no way by which it can extricate itself from the mess in which it has become involved without heavy losses. And there seems to be little it can do to bolster the sagging price of grain. The board can continue its present policy of selling wheat at a loss for export and to millers, and attempting to maintain the palpable fiction that this can be done without depressing prices. But as long as it does, its holdings will remain a threat to the wheat market and will keep the market in an unsettled condition. It was in fact this policy that aroused the clamor in the west and brought the pressure on the President that caused him to act. Wheat growers are demanding definite assurances that the board’s grain be kept off the market. They now are harvesting a crop largely in excess of domestic needs, and export demands are light. At best the prospect for prices that will pay cost of production are not good. The board can do as the farmers wish, and give definite assurances that its hoard will be kept off the market or be held until wheat reaches a dollar a bushel. But this obviously would not solve the board’s difficulties. Storage charges would continue to eat up the board’s funds, and the effect would be only to defer the day of eventual reckoning. It seems a safe bet that the board will take the latter course, since this apparently is what the President wants. Meantime, the taxpayers will foot the bills for the board’s disastrous orgy of speculation—in cotton as well as wheat. Chorus girls, according to a stage authority, use more rouge on their knees than on their faces. Well, not so you can notice it. A teamster in San Francisco was awarded damages when he fell off a wagon and broke his artificial leg. There’s a corker! Some movie stars show more than an interest in reels when they fish for compliments. When two women start an argument, they’re usually up to scratch.

REASON

WE hope that President Hoover’s proposed moratorium may prove to be the golden chariot in which the beautiful and elusive damsel, prosperity, may be induced to return to an impoverished wor and play an engagement of long duration, but have our doubts. B B B We have our doubts, because we have done little since the World war but make financial concessions to Tom, Dick, and Harry on the other side of the Atlantic ocean and between concessions reap the ingratitude and vituperation of those who owe us. 8 B B They always hang garlands on us while we are producing or while they are expecting us to produce, but In the backs of their heads they always have the idea of ultimate debt cancellation and this is the dream of Europe now. u a a GERMANY is feeling her oats for the moment, since payments are likely to be suspended for one year, but what will be her frame of mind in one year from now, when she is expected to put on the heavy harness again and try to pull herself out of the mire of war indemnities. a b a It is very likely that again she will stage a national emergency and threaten to go bolshevik unless another holiday be granted to her. You may have noticed that France fears this very thing. She fears that if payments are suspended for one year they never will be resumed. a a a France remembers also that at the end of the Franco-Prussian war, Germany named an indemnity which she thought would break the back of France and she kept her army in Paris until the last cent was forked over. And had Germany won the World war there would have been no moratoriums; there would have been nothing but the iron heel until the last payment. aam YTTE have been slim-slammed, out-smarted, and W abused since the treaty of Versailles; we have been waving olive branches while Europe has been making cannon; we have proposed this and we have proposed that and no matter what we have proposed Europe always has replied by saying that it was a grand idea, but debt cancellation should be coupled with it. a a a Every time we go into a conference with Europeans our fellows stand around in felt- boots and ear muffs and Europe fills their pockets with gold bricks —and they come back home happy. We hope Mr. Hoover’s experience with Europe will be more pleasant than former ones Save been, but we have our doubta. T . , WT’

BY FREDERICK LANDIS

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

! It's a Pitty That We Can’t Make as Much Improvement in Justice as We Have in Travel. NEW YORK, June 30.—N0 event is so big or impressive as to ; exclude the whims and caprices of human nature. M. Flandin gives a luncheon for j Secretary Mellon. When the distinguished guests ar--1 rive, it is discovered that there are | thirteen. Ye gods! No one present will admit being superstitious, but M. Flandin summons his wife, and no | one protests. It is not entirely coincidence that the Archduke Franz Ferdinand should have been assassinated and the treaty of Versailles signed on j June 28. With their well-known in- | stinct for the dramatic, the French did everything they could to end the war officially on the anniversary of the event which started it. 8 B 8 How Far Around World? IF the good old custom prevails, children stnl are taught that it is 25,000 miles around the world. According to newspaper reports, Post and Gatty will and the trick by covering less than 16,000 miles. You can’t blame children for being puzzled by such a discrepancy. The point is, of course, that Post and Gatty are not going around the world at its middle, but about half way up to the pole. If they were clear up at the pole, they could go around the world in less than a minute on foot. Someone will do that very trick before long. B B tt Paving the Nation FORTY-FOUR miles of concrete road were completed in New York state last week and more than 200 miles have been completed this spring. Contractors doing work for the state are employing 13,000 men, while 6,000 more are on the pay roll of the highway department. Every state in the Union is doing equally good work. The United States is building more and better roads each year than the famed empires of old built in a century. It costs us about three times as much to operate our automobiles as it does to run the federal government. Automobiles and the kind of roads necessary for their use have come into being during the last thirtyfive years. tt B B The Law Lags WHAT a pity it is that we can’t make the’ same progress in improving justice that we have in improving travel. Two high school kids can buy a second-hand flivver and go from New York to San Francisco quic’ 3r than George Washington could go from Mount Vernon to New York, When it comes to law, however, our brightest attorneys can not dispose of a case any quicker than than their grandfathers could, or with any better assurance that right has prevailed. B tt B Some More ‘Justice’ “CCARFACE AL” CAPONE, who O recently pleaded guilty to violating the income tax law, will not be sentenced until July 30, because “business affairs” demand his attention. The poor devil without “business affairs” gets no such indulgence. In New Jersey they have discovered that though the law makes it a crime to drive an automobile while drunk, the person driving a horse can get “pie-eyed” with impunity. Massachusetts also has a law against driving automobiles while drunk. Two men were arrested under it the other day—one a car owner and admittedly sober at the time; the other a friend of his, who was driving while admittedly drunk. The driver was fined the usual amount, while the car owner was fined considerably more because, as the judge put it, he should have known better than to allow his friend to get behind the wheel in such condition. BUB We Get Too Explicit WHILE the city ordinances of Coney Island forbid women to parade in bathing suits, they are silent regarding pajamas, nightgowns and other peculiar garbs. That shows what trouble we can get into by being too specific. Make a general rule, based on general principles, and you have something to go on, no matter what occurs. Make a particular rule for a particular purpose, and a little change in style can upset the whole apple cart. Much of cur law is too explicit for its own good. The same is true of much of our striving to improve moral conditions by censorship. BBS Custom Is Superior THERE is, and always has been, a well-defined understanding on the part of average people as to what constitutes obscenity, immorality and indecency. It is a matter of custom rather than definition, and leaves no necessary for picking out words or designating garments. Custom is superior to temporary fads and fashions. If the law makers and reformers only would recognize that simple fact, we would have far less difficulty in dealing with novel problems.

Questions and Answers

How many games did Lefty Grove of the Philadelphia Athletics win in the 1930 world series? He won two and lost one. What is the address of Lowell Thomas? Clover Brook, Pawling, N. Y. What do the names Anna and Trili mean? Anna is from the Bible, Hebrew, and means grace. Trili is a Swiss name from the German and means pure. On what day did Labor day fall in 1894? Monday, Sept 3.

Now New York’s on the War Path l - ;# • . i—'" / • r~ / l-*./, ' ? ) §1 \, .1 \V ! ( \ *• Vji

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Neglect Inexcusable in Rabies Cases

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor, Journal of the American Medical Association, and of Hyxeia, the Health Magazine. DURING recent months California has suffered unusually and severely from the biting of human beings by mad dogs. Since 1920 forty-two persons have died of rabies in that state. Since 1910 and up to May, 1931, there have been 7,748 cases of rabies in California. In southern California 275 cases have been established as occurring in animals since Jan. 1, 1931. Rabies or hydrophobia is one of the most important of the infectious diseases from a historical point of view, because it was studied by the great Pasteur, whose

IT SEEMS TO ME

JEAN NORRIS no longer is a magistrate. Os all the victories gained through the investigation into our courts of first instance, this seems to me the most valuable. Asa matter of fact, the technical aspects of the case interest me very little. The rebuke goes beyond the conduct of an individual. And the removal of Mrs. Norris may help to set anew standard of judicial mood. The five counts which went against her constituted a grave indictment. But above and behind them lay one much more severe. Jean Norris did not grace the bench in New York, because of all those who sat, she became the most high and mighty. The office went to her head. Her concern lay not with the plight of the culprit, but with her own judicial dignity. a a a Taking Her Ro!e Too Hard SHE dramatized herself both in and out of the courtroom. Her role was that of the stern, unyielding, implacable dispenser of punishment. Possibly the fault la;' not wholly with Mrs. Norris, but with a popular fallacy. It may even have been that somewhat consciously she was moved to fight the assumption that women are too soft and sentimental to lay a hand upon the wheels of justice. And so perhaps she put on a hardboiled attitude lest she be suspected of feminine instability. a a a Extremists’ Point of View QOME advocates of women’s rights go to the extreme of saying that they are always for the woman in office, whether she is good or bad. The first necessity, as they see it, is that the community should get accustomed to the idea of women judges, women legislators, and women executives. This seems to me a theory too far-fetched. But I will agree that there is no argument against women offic" holders lying in the fact that here and there one has proved unfit The important thing for us to learn is that men and women function about the same in the political scheme. a a a Colonel and Judy O’Grady I AM not among those who cry out in horror, saying that suffrage has been a ghastly failure and that elections swing on about the same issues as they did in the days when the franchise was restricted to adult males. What do these alarm-viewers expect? Os course, the general intelligence of the electorate remains unchanged. It' is, after all, the strongest argument for all forms of feminine emancipation. Indeed, the romantics are the ones who would confine the activities of women under the pretense that he female of the species is more precious than the male. The argument always ran that

Daily Thought

I will both lay me down in peace, and sleep; for thou, Lord, only makest me dwell in safety. —Psalms 4:7. Sleep in peace and wake In joy—jjfpotti, T

name is associated with the method of treatment given to those who have been bitten by mad animals, with a view to preventing the development of hydrophobia. At times when rabies is prevalent in the the community the lives of both dogs and children may be freed from menace by protecting them against exposure to the bite of a maddened animal. Homeless animals should be picked up and disposed of by the usual methods. Failure to enforce the laws regulating the control of homeless animals represents nothing in the way of friendship for the animal and exposes innumerable human beings to the danger of one of the most serious of all diseases

woman was too good for the ballot. She isn’t. Nor is she too good to sit upon the bench. The same variations in character exist among women as among men. u a a Revenge for Oppressed SO my genuine pleasure in the removal of Jean Norris has nothing to do with the fact that she was our only woman magistrate. My delight is founded on the fact that in a roundabout way harassed

Views of Times Readers

Editor Times—This has to do with the newly enacted ordinance on traffic regulation. Why prohibit parking in the entire mile square before 9:15 a. m? Is the council playing into the hands of the garage owners and the parking lot operators? What is wrong with parking before 9:15 a. m? If anybody at all is put out or suffers any inconvenience, it is the public. Well! Who owns the streets but the taxpaying public? We can not all be councilmen or city officials and come down to work at 9:30. Ninety per cent of the laboring men go to work by 8 and where are these men going to park their cars? Someone sponsoring this ordinance must have had in mind, of course, that these people would have to patronize the garages and parking lots. Then, as if to add insult to injv y, they put in the “tow-in” clause to provide more business for the garages. Put the parking problem up to the people who own the streets and see how many of them favor this neu plan. Take a straw vote anywhere

REPORT ON U. S. TROOPS June 30

ON June 30, 1917, General Pershing, on returning to his headquarters in Paris, issued a statement lauding the success of the transportation of the first contingent of American troops to France. The statement read: “The landing of the first American troops has been a complete success. In this remarkable transfer of a large force across the ocean not a man or an animal was lost or injured, and there was not a single case of serious sickness. “The men landed in splendid morale, with keen, confident, and eager spirit. “The physical appearance of our men is truly inspiring. They are all fine, husky young fellows, with the glow of energy, good health, and physical vigor which will make them a credit alongside any troops. “They are exceptionally well camped and cared for, with substantial wooden barracks, good beds, good food and the best sanitary arrangements. They are located on high ground. “For all of this, we are deeply indebted to French co-operation with members o i my staff.”

That California now should be in the midst of such a serious situation with relationship to hydrophobia is due to the fact that the people of many Calfornia communities have not taken sufficient interest in law enforcement in this connection and due probably also to the fact that more peculiair opponents to scientific medicine reside in that state in proportion to the total population than in any other state in our country. The death of any child from hydrophobia must be considered particularly a tragedy when the method of spread and the method of control of the disease are known so definitely.

pv HEYWOOD m BROUN

members of this community have scored their revenge. Many a time and often Jean Norris looked down upon some poor street walker and gave her the full limit of sentence which the law prescribed. She tempered her justice with no mercy. She judged, and she has been judged. Out of the episode I hope there may come some realization of the fact that no man or woman rising up to the seats of the mighty ever should leave behind him or her the dictates of a reasonable humanity. (CoDvriprht. 1931. by The Times!

among representative citizens r and let the council see the result. Furthermore, under this new ordinance, tow in the cars of city and county officials, the private cars of policemen and all other citizens without distinction, when improperly parked. Fix it so no one, whether he is a rich man, poor man, city official or what-not, can “fix” a sticker, and then, after a fair trial, see how many people believe that the council in foistering this abominable bit of legislation on the people of Indianapolis, believe that they did it with the real interest of the people who own the streets in mind. One who believes that a government, whether it be city, state or federal, should be “of the pe —’e, by the people, and for the people.” Can light rays travel around a corner without the aid of any special directing device? No. How many drug stores are there in the United States? 54,272.

if you are hot and bothered—come to "Breezelight" Strauss, get into a 2‘Pi ece ü ßreezelight" Suit — Suits &1/ Cf\ become cool in body 4) i O.OU and content in mind—s22.so which is, as Andy would say—the story in a couple of nut $30.00 shells. L. STRAUSS & CO. COMPARE - AFTER ALL THERE IS A DIFFERENCE

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those of one of America's most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

.JUNE 130, 1931

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

Third View Put Forward on Cosmic Rays; They're ‘Fossil Energy / Says. Dr. Regener. COSMIC rays, almost since Dr. R. A. Millikan confirmed their existence, have been the center of a battle. Millikan himself claims that they are proof that somewhere in the universe, scattered energy or spent radiation is being reassembled into atoms of matter. This view has been assailed by a number of eminent authorities, in-> eluding Sir Arthur Eddington and Sir James Jeans. They view cosmic rays as just the opposite—as the result of the destruction of matter somewhere in the depths ol space. Now comes a third view, put forward by Dr. E. Regener of the Physical Institute of the Stuttgart Technical High School. Dr. Regener regards the cosmic rays as a sort of “fossil energy, ’’ as the last relics of a primitive universe which flourished before the present universe came into existence. This view of Dr. Regener is one of the most appealing and dramatic that has been put forward in many a day. The geologist by studying the bones of dinosaurs and other creatures dug from the rock layers has created a series of pictures of what this earth was like millions of years ago. Dr. Regener’s view raises the hope that by studying cosmic rays we can create a picture of what the universe was like hundreds of trillions of years ago. a u a Bottled Energy 'T'O understand the implications JL of Dr. Regener's suggestion, it is necessary to keep in mind two modern views, both of which started with Professor Albert Einstein. In 1905, Einstein published a paper titled the “Inertia of Energy.” This set forward the idea that matter could be converted into energy. All our present theories to account for the evolution of stars are based upon this idea, for without it, there is no accounting for the energy q the sun and stars. There is also much evidence which seems to indicate that the most massive stars are the youngest and the least massive the oldest. This is what one would expect if stars produced radiation or energy at the expense of their mass. Sir James Jeans refers to matter and energy as bottled and unbottled energy. In his view, an atom of matter is merely so much bottled energy. When it is converted into energy, it becomes unbottled. Now the objection to Millikan's view of cosmic rays grows out of the second law of thermodynamics. This law is a sort of HumptyDumpty law. It states that once energy has been scattered it never can be gathered together again. As Jeans says, once an atom of energy has been unbottled, it never can be bottled again. The law is based upon observation that everywhere in nature, energy tends to change from available to less available forms, concentrated to less concentrated forms. Millikan’s view makes cosmic rays an exception to this law and Jeans and Eddington are unwilling to admit any exceptions. a tt a Cosmic Ghost THE second item contributed to Regener’s view by Einstein is the curvature of space. According to the Einstein theory, space is finite and curved. By traveling the proper number of millions of light-years in any direction, you would get back to your starting point, just as in traveling over the earth’s surface you, get back to your starting point if you keep going long enough. Now Sir James Jeans has said that all present evidence points to a beginning of our universe at some definite date, many trillions of years ago, perhaps fifteen or twenty trillions of years. He also has suggested that it is possible that our present universe may have been preceded, by others. He says that there is room within the space of our present universe for the spent radiations, the ghosts if you want to call them that, of a million past universes. . Regener now comes forward with the idea that in the cosmic rays we actually have the ghost of a former universe. It is early to speculate—and speculations are always dangerous —but the first implication of Regener’s theory is that the former universe must have been very much different from the present ones. This is because the cosmic rays are a thousand times shorter than the shortest radium rays known today. According to the second law of thermodynamics, waves of energy grow longer, not shorter. Therefore if cosmic rays are tho remnant of a past universe, it would have been one in which the prevalent radiations were of such wave-lengths as the cosmic rays now exhibit.