Indianapolis Times, Volume 43, Number 36, Indianapolis, Marion County, 22 June 1931 — Page 4

PAGE 4

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His Lost Greatness Real tragedy was portrayed last week at Marion when a President and a former President, praising some of the acts of a predecessor, excused others on the ground that he had been betrayed by those he trusted. The tragedy was not in the betrayal nor even in the mistakes, if that be the proper word. The deeper misfortune came when a man who had the power to be a real editor left his office and made all the compromises, short cuts and bargains that are necessary to climb that ladder of practical partisan politics. It may be idle to speculate upon what Warren Harding as an editor, equipped with the same talents, energy and outlook, might have done had he remained in the little country town, championing causes in which he believed, attacking evils that menaced government, giving hope in dark days and direction in crises in local, state and national affairs. Warren Harding did not lose his grip upon greatness in the hour when his good nature caused him to select as associates those who had flattered his vanity, had served' their purposes while applauding him, had betrayed not a President, but a nation, when they demanded and received the powers of appointive office. He lost the chance of fame when he left the greater position of trust because it is a voluntary one. He exercised less permanent influence upon national affairs than is held by William Allen White of Kansas, who for nearly three decades has lived in a much smaller city than Marion, but in all those years has vigorously championed the cause of the people and never compromised with his conscience. No friends betray his trust because his power comes from the confidence of great rhasses of citizens in every state who rely lipon his honesty and his vision arid can gain nothing by betrayal, but gain everything by pursuing the same straight course of life and citizenship. In these critical days in industry and government, the responsibility of the true editor becomes more and more grave, and it does not include the seeking nor the acceptance of public office. The people will be called upon to make grave decisions on government. They must have honest information as to men and measures. They must be warned of danger. There is need of wise leadership in new paths. The mention of the name of any editor as a possible candidate for any office is not a compliment. It might mean the desertion of a real duty. It might mean the path taken by a Harding. It would certainly mean the yielding of the greater position of trust for the lesser, the acceptance of a post wherein the opportunity for real service to the common good is diminished. Let it be hoped that none of the Indiana editors whose admirers may make such suggestions will find themselves in that unhappy position of those of whom it could be written: “Just for a piece of silver he left us, just, for a ribbon to wear in his coat.” A Fine First Step Hoover’s proposal for a one-year postponement of all payments on intergovernmental war debts and reparations is a splendid first step. It will not, of course, reach the causes which are forcing Europe toward bankruptcy, revolution and war. Until competitive armaments, territorial maladjustments and prohibitive tariffs are removed, lesser measures only can postpone the explosion. But the one year afforded by the Hoover moratorium can be used to begin the removal of those causes of revolution and war. To Hoover personally goes great credit for this first step. He had the courage to reverse the policy of the last ten years. He had the wisdom to recognize joint American -responsibility for foreign prosperity and peace. • . This is enlightened selfishness. The earlier isolationist policy was suicidal. As Hoover now states the issue: “I am suggesting to the American people that they be wise creditors in their own interest and be good neighbors.” The two are one; our interests are the world's interests, and the world's interests are our interests. The last war trapped us all. The present depression engulfs us all. European depression has prolonged American depression. If the murder of one man in a distant country in 1914 could produce a war from which we could not isolate ourselves, how much more probable is American entanglement in any future war resulting from German revolution and lretY.cn intervention. Hoover has not exaggerated the crisis. It can not be exaggerated. Germany is as close to bankruptcy and revolution as a nation can get without going over the edge. Indicating her financial peril, to check her loss of gold her discount rate has been raised to 7 per cent, compared with 2 per cent in London and lVi per cent in New York. Her industrial plight is shown by rapidly increasing unemployment, exceeding 4,000,000, and by the wholesale slashing of wages, salaries, and veterans’ benefits in a hungry population already close to the breaking point. Her political margin of safety is so narrow that her quasi—dictatorship rests on a minority party, er \ circled by revolutionary Facists on the right, revolutionary Communists on the left. l ’ Austria, Poland, Rumania, Yugo-Slavia, Italy, and

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most other European countries are better off than Germany. But they, too, are headed in the same direction of financial bankruptcy, social unrest, Facist dictatorship, and the radical revolution which is a reaction from such dictatorship. England is in worse shape than at any time since 1914, and France is beginning to feel the downward pull of the sinking nations around her. No wonder Europe hails today the Hoover moratorium as a beam of hope in great darkness. • • • We would like to believe that a one-year moratorium will put Europe on her feet. But that is expecting too much from too little. Such relief, if given last winter, as urged upon the President, would have been more effective. But no mere negative measures, which involve only delay, can change the situation basically. Hoover hints as much in the conclusion of his statement: “I wish further to add that while this action has no bearing on the conference for limitation of land armaments to be held next February, inasmuch as the burden of competition in armaments has contributed to bring about this depression, we trust that by this evidence of our desire to assist we shall have contributed to the good will so necessary to solution of this major question.” Certainly disarmament is a “major question.” Nations spending vast funds on armies to keep Germany down can not long expect us to rescue financially a Europe whose bankruptcy is hastened by those armaments. Any financial moratorium on allied war debt payments to us, which results only in liberating more allied money for this armament race, will precipitate the war it proposes to prevent! If the former allied nations do not reduce armaments drastically at the February conference, they can be sure the American congress will refuse to renew the moratorium and that American public opinion will react against further co-operation with Europe. If, however, the powers will reduce armaments—as they promised to do in the treaty by which they disarmed Germany, and as they morally obligate themselves to do in acepting this American moratorium—they can expect eventual cancellation of war debts. They need not take seriously Hoover’s present statement: “I do not approve, in any remote sense, the cancellation of the debts to us.” Despite this assertion, we already have cancelled those debts from 20 to £0 cents on the dollar, because we had £o. And, unless Europe prevents us by her armament insanity, we shall cancel the remainder when forced by economic facts. But neither moratorium, nor cancellation, nor disarmament, alone can create permanent European prosperity upon which our own prosperity in part depends. * * * Tariffs must be reduced, rhis is the judgment of the ablest statesmen. This is the judgment of virtually all economists and international experts. This is the judgment of business leaders and bankers here and abroad. The chief reason Germany today is. near bankruptcy, and thus near revolution and war, is the world tariff wall. She can not pay her debts because she is not allowed to export goods. In the long run, foreign debts can only be paid with exports. The tariff wall blocks those exports with which Germany would pay the former allies and with which the former allies would pay their debts to us. We are largely responsible for that world tariff wall. Our part of that wall is the highest, and ours in turn has forced others to build higher. Until that tariff wall is scaled down by us and others, international trade can not flow freely again, international health can not be regained. * * 4 Therefore, we hope congress will grant the proposed debt moratorium, but not only that. We hope congress also will initiate the reduction in world tariffs upon which peace and prosperity wait. Intergovernmental debts and reparations can not be dealt with alone. Asa cause of this world crisis, they are secondary to the tariff conflicts and the preparations for war. A star pitcher, you will notice, is also one who is good to the last drop.

REASON

WE see in the paper that President Hoover sent to the printer advance copies of the three speeches he made last week. That’s one of the hard things about being President. He has to prepare everything he delivers, for it- must be published in full. a a a i Os course President Hoover, like almost all of his predecessors, receives assistance in the preparation of his remarks, particularly in matters which call for a lot of detailed information. For if a President took the time to look up all such material he wouldn’t have any time for his real duties. e a a MOST Presidents read their speeches, which bears a close resemblance to taking a can opener and gouging off the lid of a can of sardines. An orator can not soar any when he reads a speech. It is like trying to make an altitude record in a balloon that is tied to a box car. a a a Being President, the material must be worded carefully, and the only escape from reading it is to commit it to memory, and this is an ordeal, likewise a practice which belongs to the sophomore, rather than the President. a a a The .late Senator Beveridge was one of the very few statesmen who was able to rise and deliver a speech of an hour's duration, word for word, as he had prepared it. But Beveridge did not labor In doing it; he had a retentive and a photographic memory, a a tt HE could read a speech two or three times and have it in his mind perfectly, so perfectly that he could see it line by line as written, when he delivered it. And the fact that he was able to salt it down without labor enabled him to deliver it with all the effectiveness of spontaneity. tt a a There’s a middle ground for speakers and we pass it on for the benefit of platform beginners. Sit down and think about what you are going to say, then divide it into sections, possibly as many as thirty of them. a a a Then write in letters large enough to be seen without bending over the titles of the various sections, and these titles will suggest to you what you have decided to say about them. This gives you freedom and lets you climb and at the same time it guards against a fetal eclipse erf forgetfulness, < ' . : . i ..... . 1,

BY FREDERICK LANDIS

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

No Nation Is in Condition to Meet Demands of Peace, Much Less Another War. NEW YORK, June 22.—We can not evade the problems of world peace any more than we could evade those of world war. The same circumstances which forced us to undertake the military relief of France in 1917 compel us to attempt the economic relief of Germany in 1931. President Hoover has merely squared our position with the realities. The importance of his proposal for a year's moratorium finds vivid reflection in expressions of gratitude and relief throughout the civilized world. a a a Repairs, World’s Duty BRITISH newspapers are unnecessarily perturbed over General Pershing’s statement that the morale of British troops was low when we entered the war. Os course it was low. No people on earth could go through what the British did, without showing signs of the wear and tear. # *ri The question on who won the war is not involved. It took the whole world to lick Germany and we might just as well admit it. So, too, we might just as well admit that it will take the whole world to repair the damages.. a a a Haven’t Paid Fiddler TO hear some people talk you would think that we had paid the fiddler for what occurred in 1914. Well, we haven’t, and we won’t get a receipt in full by 1960. No nation on earth is in a physical or financial condition to meet the demands of peace, much less engage in another war. “Getting back to normalcy,” as President Harding put it, still leaves a lot to be done. A major upheaval at this stage of the game might easily cause the collopse of western civilization. Politicians and propogandists who toy with the idea ought to be shot. a a a Need "Constructive Work THE task before Europe and America calls not only for reconciliation, but constructive work. This is no time for the leaders of men to hunt trouble. The restoration of economic order calls for every atom of intelligence we possess. The idea of prospering at each other’s expense must be dropped. Business men throughout the world are coming to realize this. a a a Deplore High Tariff OUT of more than 1,700 firms participating in the Leipzig fair and representing practically all European countries, 95 per cent want the tariff barricades removed. Experience has taught them that anything which interferes with the free and normal flow of commerce is only one more obstacle to be overcome. Consumption can not be increased through restriction, and if consumption is not increased, how are we going to find room for greater production? Governments must discard the notion that collecting revenue, especially to maintain military establishments, is their most important duty. What the average human being needs, whether in England, Germany, France, the United States, or anywhere else, and what he has a right to expect from his government is the opportunity to work. a a a Spoiling the Account THERE can be no question about the desirability of observing contracts and recognizing obligations. Debts should not be written off as a matter of half-baked philanthropy. Tariffs should not be eliminated in such a way or to such an extent as would invite the dumping of cheap products of forced labor. Going to an opposite extreme, however, is even worse. Walling people off with unnecessarily high tariffs is like putting poor debtors in jail. Robbing people of their last dollar in order to collect an installment when due only spoils the rest of the account. Tlie theory that what Jones owes Smith has no bearing on what Smith owes Brown is about the most ridiculous of all. a a a Hoover Points Way PRESIDENT Hoover deserves the appreciation of a long suffering world. He has set the stage for negotiations which, if properly conducted, ought to clarify the entire situation. A year’s moratorium should afford statesmen and economists ample chance to visualize the debt, reparations and disarmament problem in its entirety, and discard the futile idea of trying to solve it peacemeal.

Questions and Answers

What is a pocket veto? When at the end of a session of Congress, the President fails to sign a bill within the prescribed ten days, that bill does not become a law without his signature, as it does when Congress is in session. That is called a pocket veto. When was the national encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic held in Milwaukee? It was held twice in that cityin 1889 and in 1923. Was “Red” Cagle, the famous football star, graduated from West Point? He resigned shortly before the completion.of his final year. Where was Major Segrave, the auto race driver, killed? In a speedboat accident on Lake Windermere, near London, England, June 13, 1930. Do people have to pay income tax on lottery winnings? Winings from lotteries and other forms of gambling are taxable as income, at the regular rates of federal income tax.

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DAILY HEALTH SERVICE We Have Both Senses and Sensations

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN, Editor. Journal of the American Medical Association, and of H.rgeia. the Health Magazine. MANY of our sensations are so distinct that we can recognize them easily; others are so obscure, that few people really realize that they have them. In addition to being able to see, hear, smell and taste, we are able to feel pressure, to tell the difference between hot and cold and to feel pain. Besides these sensations, there are those that come to us from muscles, from semi-circular canals in the internal ear and sensations from internal organs. Our muscles and semi-circular canals help to tell us where we happen to be in space. They help us to balance ourselves and in other ways to live in a difficult environment. The sense of taste is not merely bitter, salty sweet and sour, but a combination of taste, odor and the feel of food upon the tongue. Our sense of color is not only the difference between white and black, but also all the possible combinations of the spectrum.

IT SEEMS TO ME

PRESIDENT HOOVER and ExPresident Calvin Coolidge did a soldiery job at the Marion shrine. It was soldiery in the sense that both Republican leaders paid a tactful tribute to a dead member of the party and left unsaid all those things which must have been in their hearts.. Coolidge, indeed, made no concession to the fact that the Harding administration constituted one of the gravest ragedies in American history. He went ahead and spoke very much as if the succession from, Lincoln to Harding had gone on without a single spiritual break. President Hoover added a few words of apology. But these were weasels—every one of them. He said: tt n tt Mental Anxiety "ttte came to know that here W was a man whose soul was being seared by a great disillusionment,” he said. “We saw him gradually weaken, not only from physical exhaustion, but from mental anxiety. “Warren Harding had a dim realization that he had been betrayed by a few of the men whom he had trusted, by men whom he had believed were his devoted friends.” But there is not adequate support for the theory that Warren Gamaliel Harding was an idealist sinned against by friends who betrayed him. Mr. Harding was, among other things, an effective and an experienced politician. He was under no illusion at all as

I:

SUMBARINE ATTACK

ON June 22, 1917, German submarines attacked United States transports bearing the first contingents of the American expeditionary forces to France. The first sign of the presence of submarines was noticed by the lookout man high above on one of the big ships. He gave the alarm just as a gleaming line of bubbles announced that a torpedo was on its way. Then, in the words of an eye witness: “Hell broke loose. Our helm was jammed over. Firing every gun available, we swung in a wide circle out of line to the left. A smaller ship slipped into our place, and from what the lookout told me I think one of our shells must have landed almost right above the submarine. “But they are almost impossible to hit when they are submerged, and the periscope is no target anyway. “They fired three, if not four, torpedoes. It was God’s mercy that they all went astray among so many of our ships. We drove right at him (I suppose, the safest thing to do, as the bow gives the smallest mark to shoot at), and no doubt he did not care to wait for us. “Or per ha ijp a lucky shot disposed of him. Anyhow, he disappeared and we saw so more of him.”

Odors are of innumerable quantities and qualities, and there are so many different kinds of odors that scientists have had difficulty in naming all of them. Indeed, so much depends on what is called consciousness, or the ability of the brain to receive and record sensation, that every human being differs from every other one in these qualities. Physiologists divide all the senses of the body into two groups—those which are projected to the exterior of the body, which include sight, hearing, taste, smell and the ability to tell the difference between hot and cold; and those projected to the interior of the body and which are therefore of the greatest importance in protecting the human being against serious illness and even death. The sensations projected to the interior of the body include pain, which may be felt in any portion of the body, the muscle sense, the sensation of position in space, hunger, thirst, sex desire, fatigue and other sensations from internal organs. Os course, a sense like the tem-

too the forces and the methods which brought about his nomination. He had played the game with the Ohio gang. He knew Harry Daugherty. If President Hoover and Calvin Coolidge choose to spread a cloak of respectability, indirection and downright perversion of fact over the grave of Warren Harding, it does not matter much in one sense. Although I do not possess the gift of prophecy, I am willing to assert that President Hoover’s Marion speech never will stand in the school *books alongside the Gettysburg address, tt tt a A Bad Precedent BUT the effect will not pass away so lightly. A precedent has been set. Another lie will be added to the many half truths which are crammed down the throats of school children. No impartial surveyor of the facts ever has been able to find an adequate cause for our war with Spain. Research has brought to light the information that all our demands could have been won without conflict. The episode ought to stand in even the most elementary textbooks as an example of what mass hysteria can do to a nation. And, going further back, it was not an idealistic impulse which led

People’s Voice

Editor Times—Disillusioned once more! Another idol, for me, shattered. Read where Roy Howard, in Paris, recites to an audience that the Babbits, Kiwanis, Rotarys and others of their ilk are a power (I suppose he meant for good) in America. He should have included “keymen of America,” D. A. R. and other 100 percenters. Why exclude them? They are all of the same breed. Granted they are a power, but not for good, for do not they control a great majority of Chamt'rs of Horrors pardon, I meant C. of C.s. And predicting that In a period of five years this class will have completed their cleaning house and eliminated dross, the present depression having causeu them to do some thinking. The business and industrial fabric of the country is shot through with this sort of cattle, who can’t see, in their insatiable greed, that they are committing suicide. Selfishness, yes, and cunning greed, but I can’t concede them any finer quality. Perhaps in a less time than he mentions they will be in a different position, with a changed outlook. K. F. What caused Andrew Jackson’s death? Consumption. When was Washington Irving born and when did >e die? Bom ia 1783> in 1860.

perature sense may be felt on the exterior of the body or within the organs. Because of the complex character of the construction of the human body, not one of the senses is perceived uncomplicated by others, except in scientific experimentation. Stimulation to the skin may come from a pin point, a blast of warm air, contact with a chemical like menthol, or from other stimuli. The number of nerve tips associated with the perception of any sensation varies in various parts of the body. The most sensitive is the tip of the tongue, then follows the tip of the finger, various fingers varying in their ability. Then comes the middle of the palm, the forehead, the back of the hand, the forearm, the sternum or breast bone, the region along the spine, and finally the middle of the back. It is very difficult for a person to tell exactly what is touching him if the stimulus is applied to the middle of the back, whereas he quite frequently can tell by the sense of feel alone the nature of any stimulus applied to the finger tip or to the tongue.

HEYWOOD BY BROUN

us to fight Mexico and take for ourselves a huge slice of territory. I am not among those who contend that America is always wrong. Like other countries, we have behaved superbly In certain situations and ill in others. tt u a Approximate Truth IT does not bother me so much that myths have come to cloud the actual nature of Washington and of Lincoln. It would be better if the young student knew these men entire and had some comprehension of the complex mixture of strength and weakness which goes into every man. Both Lincoln and Washington add up as persons of superb totals. It is against the great that the present crime is being committed. The Harding myth distorts an actuality. Hero was a weak and insufficient person who became President through the faults of a political machine. Very likely he meant well; but he was no idealist. We ought to know and keep in mind the life and death of President Harding, so that anew generation can grow up firm in the resolve : “Such things should never be again!” And that both Hoover and Coolidge omitted from their speeches. (Copyright. 1931. by Th Times)

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Ideal* and opinion* expresaed in this column are those of one of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without recard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitnde of this paper —The Editor.

JUNE 22,1931 -

SCIENCE —BY DAVID DIETZ

Avoid Exposure in a Field When Dark, Heavy Clouds Herald a Thunderstorm. SUMMER inevitably raises tha question of what to dc when a thunderstorm occurs. Voltaire said, “There are some great lords whom it does not do to approach too closely, and lightning is one of them." Fortunately, 90 per cent of the lightning flashes which occur are from cloud to cloud, while only the other 10 per cent are from cloud to earth. These latter ones, of course, are the dangerous ones. While it is unwise to be unduly nervous about thunderstorms, there are certain precautions which one should ovserve. Professor Alexander McAdie, meteorologist of Harvard university, has compiled in his book, "Man and Weather,” what he calls the ten commandments of lightning. These may be summarized as follows: ONE: Do not stay exposed on a field when dark, heavy clouds are overhead or coming slowly from the west or south. Get under cover if possible. TWO: Do not stand under a tree with thick foliage during a thunderstorm for the sake of keeping dry. More people are killed by lightning in this way than any other. Such trees are frequent targets for the lightning flash. THREE: Do not stand in the doorway of a barn or at a window which is near a chimney. Lightning will follow a current of rising warm air. It is also wise to avoid flagpoles and metal clotheslines. FOUR: Don’t laugh at your neighbor's nervousness. It isn’t kind of you. Besides, while there is no reason to be unduly nervous, there is reason for apprehension. a *\ * More Rules FIVE: Do not tie livestock to wire fences. Stay away from wire fences yourself. Lightning may strike a wire fence a mile from where you are and travel along the fence. SIX: There is no particular advantage in standing on glass or some other insulator during a thunderstorm. The notion that it is safer to be in bed during a thunderstorm also is without foundation. The chances of a person inside an ordinary house being struck by lightning are very slight. SEVEN: Lightning rarely kills outright. If you are near a person who has been struck, administer first-aid treatment at once. Generally people are only stunned by lightning and a little artificial respiration will bring them back to consciousness. Send for a doctor at once. EIGHT: Sometimes lightning causes the fuse in a street car to burn out with a blinding flash and some noise. If you are in a car when that happens, sit still. After the flash, the danger is all over. NINE: Have your radio aerial protected with a suitable lightning arrester. There is no particular reason to worry about the radio. TEN: Dwelling houses in cities are well protected by the network of wires. Lightning rods, properly installed and grounded, are an additional protection. If caught in a storm while out in an auto, do not stop under a tree or on a hilltop. u u n Frequency of Storms STORMS are most _ frequent in July and August. However, they can occur in any month of the year, and sometimes do. A study of the frequency of thunder storms for the twenty years from 1394 to 1923, was made by W. H. Alexander and his colleagues. He found the total number of days with thunder storms during that period to be as follows for New York for the different months of the year: January 4 July ..ISO February 4 August 113 Anril 46 October 23 Mar 79 November 4 June 116 December S He also found that the average number of thunder storms a year for New York is 31. Studies of othef cities indicated the following average number of storms a year for the cities indicated: Boston, 19; Baltimore, 34: Washington, 40, and Tampa, Fla., 94.

Daily Thought

For if we would judge ourselves, we should not be judged.— I Corinthians 11:31. Forbear to judge, for we are sinners all.—Shakespeare. Who played the male and female roles in the “Romeo and Juliet” sequence in the motion picture “The Hollywood Revue?” John Gilbert and Norma Shearer played “Romeo and Juliet” and Lionel Barrymore also played in the scene.