Indianapolis Times, Volume 43, Number 29, Indianapolis, Marion County, 13 June 1931 — Page 4

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The Utility Unit Efforts of utility interests to establish anew unit so; state control should interest all the people of this state, specially those who believe that there is still a chance of protection against extortion and oppression through the public service commission. A former attorney-general charges that should the scheme work, regulation becomes a farce and the state will be at the unbridled passions or greeds of utilities. When he policy of state regulation was adopted as a means of escape from the widespread corruption of city councils, the people believed that they had safeguarded their rights through appeal of citizens of communities to the state board when public officials of communities grew indifferent. Now it is planned to link together many communities served by the new super-corporations. There is, of course, an argument for such a plan inasmuch -is the public is served largely by mergers instead of .ocal corporations. One great power plant supplies many towns and cities. One gas line brings fuel to many cities. The telephone monopoly is almost national in its scope. But it is readily apparent that under the suggested Insull plan, no one of the towns or cities will be in any position to present a Just grievance, even if there should come a time when members of the public service commisison are selected to serve and protect the people and not to be mere rubber stamps and office boys for the privileged interests. That time may never come. This far neither political party has produce da leader who dares suggest that the government ought to escape utility bondage. The state has had a very recent example of what the utilities mean to this state. They discovered that when legislators fail to obey the will of these interests, he law they write are supplanted for forgeries and frauds so control is complete. If the new super-unit is established as a basis of regulation the control will be absolute and there may be anew revolt such as occurred from the unregulation license in the old days. If the commisison yields in this particular to the utility plans, a popular plank in the next campaign might easily be the abolition of the commission itjelf and a very easy path to public ownership for communities which become inteligent enough to protect their own interests. There comes a point where greed becomes a vice that, is still hideous, even though embraced. The Protessors Swing Into Action Action of the administration of Ohio State university in throwing out Professor Herbert Adolphus Miller, as an incident in the civil war in the university over military training, has resulted in protests unparalleled in the history of academic freedom. The usual pattern of events in such cases is about as follows: A professor is kicked out, there is a paragraph or two in the papers, the American Association of University Professors announces that it will investigate the case, several months later the results are published, the public has forgotten the case, the professor has obtained another job or begun to sell insurance, and the whole affair goes into cold storage for the chronicles of Upton Sinclair or Scott Nearing. Not so in the Miller case. Groups of distinguished professors in other sister institutions have rolled up their sleeves and told President Rightmire and his trustees just what they think about the matter. The Columbia university professors said in part: The signers of this letter, all of whom are interested in preserving the integrity of scholarship and the dignity of higher education, take this means of voicing their reaction to the summary dismissal of Dr. Herbert A. Miller, professor of sociology. We understand that the reasons for this action have been publicly stated by the board of trustees and the president to be based on Dr. Miller’s views and utterances in fields where he was entitled to speak and to be heard as an authority. For thirty years Dr. Miller has rendered distinguished sendee as an educator and has achieved prominence in various public and semi-public activities. We have not heard that in all that time his professional abilities ever were brought into question. We deplore and emphatically protest the treatment to which he now is subjected. Apart from the personal issue involved in this forced interruption of an honorable career, the dismissal of Dr. Miller in these circumstances constitutes a striking disregard of sound educational policy and a ruthless attack on the principles of academic freedom. Even more impressive was the warning from Yale. Here three deans headed the list who sent in the protest. They warned the president that his action, if persisted in, was likely to end the days of Ohio State? as a reputable educational Institution: Our protest is based upon published reasons for the dismissal given by yourselves on May 27. 1931. This statement purports to set forth the charges which you have considered against Professor Miller and is offered as the final justification for your action. The unsubstantial nature of these charges indicates an arbitrary censorship on your part, which, if permitted to go without protest, would mean the end of independent and scientific expression of opinion at Ohio State university. This is but the beginning. Similar protests are being prepared in other great citadels of American higher learning. The Ohio State authorities hardly will get by with no more serious inconvenience than the pocketing of a critical report of the Professors’ Association along about next Christmas. Dr. Rightmire seems to be in for a hot summereven warmer than that produced by the normally generous temperature of Columbus frofn June to October The only prospect of relief is for him to discover that the crashing prestige of Ohio State is a rather high price to pay for compulsory military training in a great university. In his manifesto to the university. President Rightmire appealed to his faculty and students to "put first things first.” Let him heed his own counsel Gentlemen of the Jury It is a favorite charge of cynics that in our present court system many of the jurors are morons. When there are competent lawyers on both sides it is hard to select a jury obviously prejudiced toward one side. Therefore, both sides have to rest content with a collection of twelve colorless men, hoping to sway their not too alert intelligence. In many Instances the assumption of the feeblemindedness of the jury is an exaggeration. In Detroit, however, there has come to light a case In which a former inmate of a state institution for the feeble-minded actually served on three juries over a short period of time and helped to decide verdicts in more than twenty cases. When he was identified by a policeman he was sitting as a juror on an important equity case. He had been a juryman in one murder trial. Doubtless hundreds of morons sit m the jury box each year. Under our present unscientific system of legal evidence and court procedure they may do almost as well as normal parsons. But this case Is

The Indianapolis Times (A SCBIPPB-HOWABD NBWBPAPEB) and ptjbli*h*3 daily (except Sundxy) by The IndUnapoll* Tlmea Publishing Cos., 21**22(1 West Maryland Street. Indianapolis. Ind. Price In Marlon County. 2 cents a copy: elsewhere, 3 cente—delivered by carrier, 12 cents a week. BOYD GURLEY. ROY W. HOWARD. FRANK G. MORRISON Edlt or President Business Manager PHONE—Riley 6581 SATURDAY. JUNE 13. 1931. Member of United Press, Scrlpps-Howsrd Newspaper Alliance. Newspaper Enterprise Assoelation Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

surely evidence of the lack of Insistence on a reasonable grade of mentality in jurors. This Is one more argument for replacing the jury by a paid board, of expert and professional examiners. Probably that is the system we are coming to, unless we can improve the present system. When in Rome American officials continue to ruin America’s reputation abroad by their boorishness. Landing in New York from Paris, Mayor Curley of Boston described the antics of some of the party of twenty-five American mayors who have been the guests of France. When invited to drink toasts, some of these mayors declined. That was all right. But others made a scene. They tried to break up the show. If this were merely a matter of bad taste on the part of individuals, it could be ignored. But coming from officials, it takes on official significance. The French considered it an insult. Why is it that so many Americans clothe themselves with the holier-than-thou attitude when they go abroad? These are the same Americans who always are saying In this country about foreigners, “If they don’t like this country, let 'em go back where they come from.” These self-righteous mayors have a right to think that the French are depraved sinners because they drink official toasts in wine, but, such being the case, why don’t the mayors stay home? Or do the fanatical prohibitionists think they have a sacred duty to go abroad just to insult their iniquitous hosts? Such questions are bad enough when raised by the conduct of a few provincial mayors, but they are worse when raised by the conduct of the United States government. The state department, in its new regulations on the expenditure of official entertainment funds at our embassies and legations abroad, bans all kinds of liquor. The net effect is that our diplomats are ordered as a matter of duty to give formal entertainments, but are denied the materials which foreign custom prescribes for official toasts. This does not mean that the state department expects its diplomats to conduct themselves like those mayors who insult foreign officials. Any diplomat who did that would be recalled on the initiative of the foreign government and fired by this government. What it does mean is that the state department expects our diplomats to provide liquor where foreign official etiquet requires, but to pay for that official American liquor out of their own pockets. Thus does prohibition sink us deeper and deeper into hypocrisy. In Minnesota As stories of wage cuts from many other states increase, the reports from Minnesota are definitely encouraging. H. A. Scandrett, president of the st. Paul railroad, declares that no wage reductions for employes will be considered. The Reliable Furniture Company in Minneapolis has put its employes on a five-day week, which, of course, does reduce the payments per person on an hourly basis, but provides work for more men. To offset this effect the company has given each man a 10 per cent wage increase. In St. Paul, city employes are supposed to have their salaries automatically lowered or raised to correspond with similar drops and rises in the cost of living. The city council just has provided by ordinance that although the cost of living has decreased 3 per cent the corresponding cuts in pay shall not be made. France, in barring Texas Guinan and her girls, explained that they were “working artists and not tourists.’’ The French sometimes can say the most flattering things! In trying times there is no class distinction; there are the idle poor as well as the idle rich. Even a man of the world doesn’t, always knowhow the land lies. Tire trouble with crime in this country is that too few gangsters are hung up after they are “framed.” “The drinks are on me,” as the clumsy soda jerker said, spilling the milk shakes.

REASON

A FAMOUS British scientist says that we are on the verge of discovering a greater spirit world and that we shall learn that man is not the highest form of life. You rather suspect this very thing after an acquaintance of politics. tr tt tt The Boys’ .Club Federation of America has started a campaign to make golf players cut out profanity in the presence of their caddies, but our own notion is that the movement will fail. We either must put a muzzle on the golf player or a gas mask on the caddie. a u n Premier Ramsay MacDonald states that aviation Is sure to give the world a true international spirit. Oh, yes, particularly when you think what nations are getting ready to do to each other overnight with a few bombing planes. a an WITH the report that fifty people were killed in bread riots in Moscow last Sunday, life appears to have its troubles even in that perfect land of Communism. Peter Gulbranson of Piedmont, Cal., had filed an ipplication for his final papers of citizenship, but states that he would not bear arms for the country in time of war. Well, Pete, if it were up to us you would not get your papers. a a < If the time has come th*t this country has to let every foreign bird who wishes to become an American citizen name the terms under which he is willing to join us, we would better go into the hands of a receiver—and without delay. We have managed to get along for over a century and a half without such pussy willows and we can do it a while longer. a a a BEARING arms in defense of your country is as much an incident of citizenship as the payment of taxes, and an alien might as well stand on the rim of the republic, cock his hat at an important angle and say he would consent to join us if we never made him meet the assessor. a a a The only value in Lindbergh’s flight to Japan is that for the time being, and possibly a little longer, it will lift our popularity in Tokio, where It has been sagging ever since the exclusion of the Japanese. In her resentment toward us, Japan forgets that she practices the very same exclusion against the Chinese.

BY FREDERICK LANDIS

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

We Have Acquired the Habit of Rating Policemen Like Cate; If They Don’t Catch So Many Mice They Are No Good. NEW YORK, June 13.—Two New York cops are sentenced to Sing Sing. They belonged to the vice squad, which is supposed to protect the community from immoral women. Like other cops, their efficiency was rated by the number of arrests they made. When a sufficient number of victims failed to show up in the natural order of things, they simply when out and made some. They regarded It as a rather good joke on the victims. One would like to believe that those cops are entirely responsible for their misconduct and that the system had nothing to do with it, but they are too young and too many more have gone the same road. Neither does political corruption explain it all. We have acquired the habit of rating policemen the way we rate cats. If they don’t catch about so many mice, they are no good. Instead of rating law enforcement by the number of people out of jail we rate It by the number put in. ana Let’s Break the Law DRY leaders prove the success of prohibition by telling howmany have been arrested and convicted under the law. Wet leaders use precisely the same figures to prove its failure. People who fail to get tangled up with the law don’t count. Perhaps that is one reason why j so many get tangled up with it.! No one wants to be a blank. To a certain type of mind, vlo- j lation of the law involves little risk, while it paves the way for j publicity. The offender usually can depend on getting his name in the paper, while his chances of being let off by a “right” district attorney, sympathetic judge or thick-headed jury, are more than even. A Canadian jury just has acquitted a liquor runner, on the apparent ground that it was “no crime to feed rum to Americans.” Counsel for the defense represented us as being in a dire condition because of our unrequited thirst, and painted his client as a philanthropist instead of a criminal. a a a A Justified Probe JUDGE SAMUEL SEABURY, now investigating New York City’s government, will look into the financial affairs of some 30,000 of its employes. That represents one of the most sweeping inquiries ever made, but it is justified amply by facts already developed. Outside of those larger irregularities which have caused the dismissal or resignation of half a dozen judges, and magistrates, there is good ground for suspecting the presence of widespread petty graft. A clerk in the Bronx bureau of the board of education has con- i fessed to pilfering $20,000 during the last years in the form of 5 and 10 per cent “commissions” on small repair contracts. Few New Yorkers w-ill regard his case as exceptional. a tt tt Our Viewpoint Changes PETTY graft, as practiced by small office holders who find themselves in a position to do certain favors and collect for it, is largely responsible for the racket. That is where the boys really got the idea of how to form cliques and levy tribute. Politicians not only showed them the trick, but helped to make it safe. It is rooted in a revised conception of honor which has come to affect not only politics, but business. Asa general proposition, tips, gratuities, watered stock, hijacked commissions and blackjacked profits are not looked upon in the same light they once were. The change has gone a long way toward bringing about this depres- j sion. tt tt tt High and Low Finance HIGH finance, as w-e call it, has gone hand in hand with low finance, each imitating the other. All along the line, middlemen, commission men, promoters, speculators, tip-takers and graft-seekers have horned in to get a rakeoff, without delivering anything of value in return. The result was overcapitalization and overproduction, especially in those lines which fell an easy prey to the scheme. Recovery hinges on getting back to a state of affairs where average people will be assured of getting something like 100 cents on the dollar, whether in public or private service.

Questions and Answers

How many permanent American cemeteries are there in Europe and where are they located? There are eight permanent American cemeteries In Europe; one in England, one in Belgium and six in France. The cemetery in England is located at Brookwood, Surrey; the one in Belgium at Waereghen, and those in France, at Boni, Aisene; Suresnes, Seine, near Paris; Thiaucourt, Meurthe- et- Mosselle; Seringes-et-Nesles, Aisne; Romag-ne-sous-Montfaucon, Meuse, and Belleau Wood, Aisne. Where was Quentin Roosevelt buried after he was shot down by the German airplanes during the World war? Is there a memorial to him there? • He was shot down and killed behind the German lines, July 14, 1918. German airmen buried him with military honors near Chambry. His grave is in a little inclosed plot which is cared for by the French government. Mrs. Roosevelt had pure water piped from a distance to the village near Quentin’s grave as a memorial to him when she learned that the village had an inadequate water supply. Are lizards harmless. What should they be fed? Lizards should be fed insects, ant eggs, little bits of meat, a little egg and a little milk. They are harmless and can be kept in the house if desired.

Posture Is Index to Your Vitality

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hrreia, the Health Magazine. EVERYONE realizes the attractiveness of a human being w-ho stands well, sits well, and who has in general good posture. It must be borne in mind that the human being developed from some species that walked on all fours and that the attempt to walk and stand on two feet puts strain and stress on parts of the body that formerly had not had them. Hence, we see today innumerable round-shouldered, stoop-shouldered people with sunken chests, twisted backs, prominent abdomens and lame hips. The position adopted when sleeping is one of complete relaxation of muscles and ligaments so that the spine is curved. A certain amount of relaxation Is desirable, but when walking enough stress must be placed on the muscles and ligaments to inspire proper support and physical development. Hence, teachers now try to get

IT SEEMS TO ME

ONE of the greatest difficulties which confront the writer of fiction is a choice of names. It is not expedient to call the hero John Smith or the heroine Mary Brown. The author naturally wants to set down some name which is arresting, unusual and of a glamorous nature. But at the outset he is in trouble. A name ought to seem real. If you call a young woman in a story Genevieve Morningglory the reader’s mind will rebel and cry out, “Nobody ever was called Genevieve Morningglory.” Some writers adopt the method of looking through the telephone book and finding a suitable name. . In actual life a name is hardly a fair criterion of the nature of its possessor. But most novelists —even the realists —have bent a little in suiting the sound to the character. Thus Uriah Heep sounds unpleasant even before Dickens tells us that if he were cut he would bleed white. Again, Mr. Micawber has some suggestion of boastfulness and irresponsibility. And Babbits I CITE, in a more modem instance, that George F. Babbitt conveys a Rotarian impression from the outset. It may be that I am putting the cart before the horse and accepting a “Babbitt” and “Babbittry” in the sense in which they have come into the language through the novel of Sinclair Lewis. Yet, I think I can defy any one to make a Romeo and a romanticist out of a person called “Babbitt.” And, naturally, I am including the days before this particular personality was staked out and nailed down. Arrowsmith, for instance, has to me a singing quality. I am glad that Lewis made his medical man a person heroic in most aspects. I wouldn’t care to have any Arrowsmith kicked around. But in this choice of names the flctioneer runs a grave risk of stepping upon the toes of people similarly tagged and quite unknown to him. Surely it was a million to one that there could be a realtor in the United States called George F. Babbitt. And yet one turned up and protested bitterly against the book. On several occasions I have written pieces concerning speakeasies in particular and in general. And it became a sort of set phrase to remark that the visitor knocked thrice upon the gate and exclaimed: “Is this Tony’s? Let me in. I'm a friend of Charlie Duckworth’s.” tt e n So Many Tonys NOW, of course, I am not ignorant of the fact that here and there about the city stands some haven of refuge known to the local trade as “Tony’s.” Indeed, the generous supply of places thus labeled emboldened me. But Duckworth was the sheerest kind of fantasy. It began upon another name. There used to be around New York an actor named Charles Butterworth, now lost to the stage through the seductions of Hollywood. He was a friend of mine, and so I seized upon him as a typical speakeasy patron. Respecting the bond of friendship and the law of

Right Back at Us!

■DAILY HEALTH SERVICE

children to stand tall, to stretch out, to hold the chest forward, and the shoulders back. As emphasized by Thurman B. Rice in his recent consideration of this subject in Hygeia, the upright man, the straightforward person usually can be trusted, while the slinking, the cringing, and slouching arouse suspicion. The careless, lounging man who shuffles to his feet and sneaks around in a hang-dog manner is a whipped man. It must not be thought, however, that the bad posture is the cause of his inefficiency or the result of it. The two go together with a mutual interchange of forces. Sometimes, indeed not infrequently, bad posture is the result of bad diet or disease. Just exactly as good advice and exercise can not compensate for the need of eyeglasses in a child whose eyes are not built right, so also can not advice and exercise compensate wholly for defective bones, muscles, joints and ligaments. A competent physician who

libel, 1 changed his name somewhat radically to Duckworth. I submit that the odds ought to be at least ten million to one against the existence anywhere of a Duckworth. People simply don’t endure names of that sort. But in the current mail I have received a card which reads. ‘•Dear Sir: You got me in a terrible mess. My name is Charles Duckworth, and I don’t go to speakeasies.” And this Mr. Duckworth is no further removed from the territory partly covered by this column than Staten Island. „ I am further informed that Mr. Duckworth has a job as superintendent of a building and that he feels aggrieved lest his employers identify him as the perambulating Duckworth of the “It Seems to Me” column. All I can do is to offer my most sincere apologies and proclaim the fact that never in a a speakeasy, or anywhere else for that matter, did I meet a Duckworth. a u a Be Sensible IT has been a fine lesson to me, even though Mr. Duckworth’s involvement borders upon the tragic. Hereafter when I invent characters, either for newspaper purposes or for fiction, they will be called nothing more than Mr. Y, Mrs. X and Miss Z. If, after that precaution, there

People’s Voice

Editor Times—Solving the parking situation has been a puzzle to every one in Indianapolis for some time. Monday morning the city inaugurated the new tow-in system, and immediately claimed a considerable number of victims. In building up a big city, different systems must be tried, but I believe the officials are making a great mistake in the tow-in. How would you, or the owner of a car, feel if you came downtown to see a doctor, park your car, and returned to find the car missing? We must all realize that we are going through a time of depression, when conditions are very unfavorable and money is hard to get. The majority of automobiles seen on the streets were bought on the installment plan, and their owners are having difficulty meeting their obI ligations. Don’t get'me wrong, because I do believe car owners should be ; punished for disobeying the traffic rules, but in my opinion the sticker system is sufficient pimlshment for this violation. Three dollars to redeem a car which is double parked Is absolutely ridiculous, and what’s more, it eveni tually will make business condi- | tions worse than they are at present, as people who usually come downtown to do their purchasing , will prefer to favor the neighbor- ] hood merchant. Every one is wondering what the : outcome of this depression will be | —personally, I am not one of those guessers. Figure it out for yourself. JACK STONE. 1 834 Union street. -/

studies such cases can provide supports or braces that act as a crutch to the weakened tissues in the same way that eyeglasses compensate for anatomical changes in the eye. Sometimes the feeding of more calcium and phosphorous and the use of viosterol and sunlight will aid development of weakened tissues. Associated with this, proper exercise and practice will induce a suitable posture and an improved appearance. The weakened tissues of children should not be compelled to carry heavy weights for long periods of time, as is the case when a rather weak child attempts to carry tight or 10 books home from school day after day. Physiologists talk about the condition under the term “body-tone.” The average man thinks of tone with the words “vim, vigor, and vitality.” The person who has in him drive, impetus, or good, reflects this in his posture, in the way he walks, and indeed in his whole attitude toward life.

RV HEYWOOD m BROUN

arises anywhere a Mr. Y, a Mrs. X or a Miss Z, I shall wash my hands of the whole business and declare roundly that people ought to pick themselves names more sensible than that. (Copyright. 1931. by The Times)

il*

BIGGGEST AIR RAID June 13

ON Jur.e 13, 1517, the worst German air raid over England was carried out at noon, when a squadron of German airplanes bombed the East End and the business sections of London, killing ninetyseven persons and injuring 437. Many of the victims were women and children, 120 of the latter being either killed or Injured. The large number of casualties was due to the fact that the eating places in the East End were crowded at the hour of the raid; schools were still in session and large numbers of persons were on the streets. No damage of a military or naval nature was done. Only one of the attacking planes was brought down. A supplementary official report stated in part: “The air raid over London lasted about sixteen minutes. The raiders were engaged by guns of the East London defenses and a large number of airplanes of the Royal Flying corps and Royal Naval Air service were sent up as soon as the enemy was reported off the coast. “Several engagements took place in the air.” What are the dimensions of the aircraft carrier, Lexington? How many planes does it carry? She is 888 feet long and has a 106foot beam. She is built to carry 100 airplanes.

Those Pests With the warm days of spring and the hot days of summer, the household pest war is on. Our Washington bureau has ready for you a packet of five bulletins, giving authoritative information on combating pests that will enable any housewife to "take steps” to free the house of their annoyance and dangers. The titles of the bulletins are: 1. Exterminating Ants. 3. Cockroaches. 2. Getting Rid of Bedbugs, 4. Moths and Control 5. Exterminating Rats. A packet containing these five bulletin? will be sent to any reader. Fill out the coupon below and mail as directed. CLIP COUPON HERE Dept. 129, Washington Bureau, The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York Avenue, Washington, D. C.: I want the packet of five bulletins on Household Pests, and Inclose herewith 15 cents in coin, or loose, uncanceled United States postage stamps, to cover return postage and handling costs. Name * 0 St and No City State I am a reader of The Indianapolis Times. (Code No.)

Ideals nd opinions expressed in this column sre those of on * of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

..JUNE 13, 1931

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

Science May Be One of th 4 Best Friends the Arts Ever, Have Had. SCIENCE, sometimes mistakenly called a foe of the arts, may prove one of the greatest aids the world of arts ever has had, by analyzing and explaining the foundations upon which the arts rest. Graduallly, science is bringing its methods of exact research to bear upon the arts. The result of one such research, which has extended over a period of ten years, is reported to the Engineering Foundation by Douglas Stanley, a fellow of the Accousticai Society of America. Stanley has been working In conjunction with the laboratories of New York university and the Bell Telephone laboratories to develop what he calls an “exact science of sound.” Asa result of a study of the voices of hundreds of singers, both trained and untrained, Stanley reports that great singing voices are due to the .singer’s mental and emotional capacity and not to any anatomical peculiarities. Stanley says that he has proved that a singer must have a mental concept of the pitch that he is to sing and that if the person lacks this ability to form a proper concept of the pitch, he can not be taught to sing. a m About the Vibrato STANLEY also has made an interesting study of the way in which great singers achieve the emotional quality which marks their singing. “Observation of great singers has shown that they never produce a ‘dead’ steady tone except at pianissimo,” he says. “The tone fluctuates in intensity with perfect regularity. This fluctuation, very wide at. high intensity, is accompanied with a slight fluctuation of pitch. This phenomenon is called ‘the vibrato.’ ” “The vibrato Is the result of a periodically applied impulse to all the muscles which co-ordinate in the act of phonation. Its frequency is about six a second but can be increased. “Thus all the time the singer is phonating he actually is singing and stopping singing, rapidly and regularly. As the intensity rises, the ‘on*' impulse Is more vigorous and the swing of the vibrato increases. “Since at mezzo forte, when the' technic is good, the intensity of the tone should increase as the pitch rises nearly up to the top of the singer’s range, the vibrato should increase in amplitude as the scale is ascended. “The vibrato decreases as the intensity drops until a point lsreached at which a stream of air actuates the vocal cords, when it disappears altogether. “This concept of the ‘on’ and ‘off' impulse is very different from the old notion of steady control of a stream of breath.” u tt a Muscle Control REGARDING the anatomy and functions of the human voice, Stanley says: ‘‘The human voice is a sound-pro-ducing instrument governed by the-, laws of sound and physiology. It consists of a motive force (the pres- ? sure of the breath), a vibrator (the' vocal cords), and a resonator (a set of adjustable cavities in the head and throat). “Voice starts in a mental concept, which brings the necessary muscles into action. “Two groups of muscles, one of seven and the other (far stronger) of two, bring the vocal cords into tension and hold them in this tension. When a mental concept initiates the nerve impulses supplied to the. larynx, these muscles come into ac- . tion, and the vocal cords are set to the proper length, tension, and position. “If the singer starts from pianissimo, where the breath pressure is. at a minimum, and Increases the intensity, and therefore the breath pressure or the amplitude of the, vibrato, to fortissimo, the muscles must take on additional tension. The lighter muscle group should take tension to a point at which it would overload; then tension of the stronger group must be increased.”

Daily Thought

Let not him that girdeth on his harness boast himself as he put’teth it off.—l Kings 20:11. Commonly they use their feet for defense, whose tongue ia their weapon.—Sir P. Sidney. What Is snooker golf? It is the latest variation of miniature golf, combining some features of both billiards and golf. The course is laid out like the conventional billiard table, with concrete edges on the lawn corresponding to the edges of the table, and the usual number of pockets or holes about the sides. Sixteen balls are used, being racked in a triangle and broken at the start of play, as In pool. Balls of different colors count different scores, counted on standard billiard counters strung overhead.