Indianapolis Times, Volume 42, Number 295, Indianapolis, Marion County, 20 April 1931 — Page 4

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SCH I $>P3 -HOW AjtO

To the Very Bottom Whatever property rights of citizens may be involved in the now notorious bill No. 6 will be protected in the civil courts. But that is not enough. Every change made in the case suggests that the penitentiary should beckon to some legislators, officials and lobbyists, if these charges be only half true. Boiled down, the charge is made that this bill was sent in entirely different form to the Governor from that in which it passed the senate. The difference in the bill is in the fact that it takes away from the city of Indianapolis and other cities the right to regulate bus traffic. That may not be important But the real damage is in the fact that as long as the city could control the bus lines and be free from the domination of the public service commission, which is and has been dominated by utility interests, there should always be a club over greedy gentlemen who may wish to either wreck the local car lines or force impositions on the people. The change in that regard was important enough to make public officials forget their oaths and even step into the shadows of the penitentiary, for there is no one so guileless as to believe that the change was made by accident or mistake. This was no work of bungler. It came from burglar. In essence it was pure treason, inasmuch as it substitutes government by forgery and fraud for government by the people. No one could do greater damage to our institutions. Where the civil courts leave off the criminal courts must begin. Unless it is possible to punish such a crime, we should close the doors of our courts altogether and throw away the Keys to all prisons after their gates are swung outward for all inmates. The job should not be difficult.

Fall of the House of Bourbon The sportsman-king, Alphonso XIII, last of th3 reigning Bourbons, seems to be not only down, but out. His royal obituary should, however, be written with reservations. Spain enjoyed republican rule some fifty years 8 go. After the revolution of 1859, Spanish radicalism produced a republic which lasted from February, 1873, to December, 1874. The United States alone recognized this government. This, by the way, indicates the decline of American enthusiasm for promoting and approving foreign radicalism during the last half century. Witness our present evasive rationalizations to justify refusing to recognize the Soviet Union. But if Alphonso or one of his numerous progeny fails stage a comeback, his abdication will mark the practical end of the last of the four great historic monarchies of modern times —the Hapsburgs, Hohenzollerns, Romanoffs and Bourbons. The Bourbons have the longest historic ancestry of any of the four, antedating the Hapsburgs by more than a century. The first Bourbon was Robert the Strong, who became Duke of Neustria in 861. Certain chronologists ; claim that the Bourbons lie back of the famous line , of Capetian kings of France. The House of Bourbons attained the throne of France in 1589, when Henry IV ascended the throne, after having concluded that "Paris was well worth a mass.” He accepted Catholicism and founded the royal Bourbon line in France. With the exception of the revolutionary and Na- . poleonic periods, the Bourbons ruled France until ! Charles X was chased out during the revolution of 1830. They still supply the personnel of the royal pretenders in France. The Bourbons ascended the Spanish throne a cen- ' tury after they had captured that of France. In 1700 ■ Louis XIV placed his grandson on the Spanish throne as Philip V. Some of the early Bourbons made good kings of the Iberic peninsula, especially Charles 111 * . (1759-88), one of the ablest European monarchs of the eighteenth century. But since siis day the Spanish Bourbons have been a pretty sorry lot. Whatever his lack of Napoleonic _ genius in statecraft, Alphonso XIII personally is prob- < ably the most ingratiating member of his line during * the last century and a half.. He is a good man to ring down the curtain for the Bourbons in Spain. Fifty years ago Spanish republicanism was hailed with great enthusiasm by American liberals. It was taken for granted that it meant a passage from an in- . tolerable system to the final and perfect stage of political evolution. No such naive gusto is registered by liberals touay. Republicanism and democracy are e: much under fire today as was monarchy in 1848. Monarchy used to be condemned as unthinkable, , because an able ruler might be followed to the regal ‘ cushions by a long series of nonentities. In a republie, only an able and devoted man could find his way : to the top. Ths experience of many republics, not excepting . the United States of America, has proved that republicanism and democracy are no sure guarantee against •getting a flock of dodos as first citizens of the land. If we are -going to rely upon politics to control and direct society, then we must have a system which produces superior ability, special training, personal integrity, a sense of social responsibility, and subordination to popular control. NO great state yet has produced such a system, though some smaller coutries, like the Scandinavian nations, have done so. Russia may some day emerge with such a setup. The German empire of 1914 possessed all the qualifications except popular control. England from 1905 to 1914 probably came nearer than any other major medem state to meeting all these requirements. One Woman and a Mob . a courageous woman last Saturday saved one ; Negro from a mob in Tennessee, while in a nearby ; town another Negro was taken from the jail and Ranged in the courthouse yard. The sheriff’s wife who saved the Negro saved justice. While we wish there were more like her, neither Sbjjjfcessee nor any other state should have to depend , upona lone women to avert the stigma of mahvialence.

The Indianapolis Times (A SCEIPPS-HOWAKD XtWSPAFEK) Owned end published dally (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Co--214-220 West Maryland Street Indianapolis. Ind. Price in Marion County. 2 cent* a copy: elsewhere. 3 cents—delivered by carrier. 12 cents a week. BOYD GURLEY. ROY W HOWARD, FRANK G. MORRISON. Editor President Business Manager PHONE— Klley Ml MONDAY. APRIL K. 1931. Member of United Press Seripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance. Newspaper Enterprise Association Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

There should be a federal statute outlawing lynching, and federal enforcement. The Republican party’s platform of 1928 said: “We renew our recommendation that the congress enact at the earliest possible date a federal antilynching law, so that the full influence of the federal government may be wielded to exterminate this hideous crime.” In an official document issued recently by the Republican national committee, the party’s platform pledges are listed in one column, and in a parallel column is told what has been done to fulfill each of them. Beside the anti-lynching plank is a blank space. " Yet. President Hoover said- “Platform pledges must not be empty gestures.” This should be remembered by the Republican spokesmen now barnstorming the south. Meanwhile, what do the Democrats propose to do about the national disgrace of lynching? Forgotten Boyhood Arts (Alton [lll.] Telegraph) A recent “Out Gur Way” cartoon recalled the boyhood days of many a person in the middle part of life. The native who had returned and was visiting his boyhood playgrounds with some little boys was instructing them in some of. the arts which it seems now are lost, such as seeking sassafras and slippery elm, hunting wild flow r ers and skipping stones over the w’ater. What of the other lost arts of boyhood? How many of the boys of today know how to make a maple or a willow whistle? What, has come of the handicraft in which boys once were so skilled, and for which a sharp-bladed jackknife was necessary? How many boys of today know anything about those treasured blades which came from a noted firm in Sheffield, England, and for w’hich a boy would save and save until he had the huge sum of 75 cents or a dollar with which to make the purchase? Trading pocket knives in those days was a fine art, too, aryl the boy who had one of those coveted imported blades never did do any trading without seeing what he was about to get in exchange. With those knives the boys used to carve out wonderful works of alt from white pine blocks. The artist, J. R. Williams, must have been filled with the inspiration of springtime, but how did he happen to forget about the maple and willow whistles which, forty to fifty years ago, at this time of year would be filling the air with music? The modem boy can dissect an automobile, but he knows nothing of some of the arts which entertained boys of long ago.

Our Scientific Age We forever ere congratulating ourselves on- living in the age of science. We continually cast aspersions upon medievalism. Einstein and Wells are supposed to symbolize our generation with respect to scientific lesearch and scientific popularization. Yet Professor William Ogburn tells us in the Survey Graphic that a well-known astrologer just has received more than 70,000 letters in a single week from her radiq audience. This is about five times as many letters, as Hoover received during the week following his election. It is probably more letters than Professor Michelson has received in his whole life* The fact is, the average man is not thinking scientifically. He dwells in an intellectual atmosphere of medievalism or earlier. He is a cultural parasite on civilization which is the accumulated product of the work of a relatively few scientists and inventors, probably fewer than ten thousand of importance since the building of the pyramids. Hence the great service of Wells and others who are trying to humanize knowledge and bring human thinking up to date. Nothing could be a more striking symbol of the way our civilization is out of joint tnan the fact that millions of Americans use an instrument which is a product of the most abstruse' aspects of modern electro-physics, to listen solemnly to an interpretation of human destiny which was fashioned more than two thousand years ago. A sculptor has modeled a study head of a tramp. Thereby inviting critics to rate it as bum. work. 'A better name for the back seat of a roadster, if you’ve ever driven in one in cold weather, is the grumble seat.

REASON by f ™ s ck

A BROTHER of Alice Roosevelt Longworth states that the latter will not be a candidate for the seat held by her late husband in the house of representatives, and her decision does honor to her good sense a a tt It is refreshing to find a congressman’s widow who dissents from the idea that the mere fact of survivorship should give her a seat in congress, an idea which has made substantial headway in recent years. a a a There was another congressional widow, however, who declined to stay in congress, the widow of Congressman Wingo of Arkansas, and she took the position that it was not right to hold office under such circumstances. ’ a tt a PUBLIC office should be filled according to the fitness of aspirants ancVthe desires of the voters. If any woman in America wants to run for congress or for any other office, let her run, but on her own merits. a a a Since universal suffrage arrived, the women of Indiana have shown themselves fully capable of running for office without asking any quarter from anybody or without claiming any favors from any direction, and we hope they will continue to stand on their own merits. a a a For some time newspaper correspondents at Washington have intimated that our statesmen at the national capital soon were to go into another salaryboosting huddle and elevate their annual receipts from SIO,OOO to $15,000. a a a THIS increase is unwarranted and it should be dealt a blow in advance that will make statesmen think before they dig deeper into the national treasury. Public opinion can deal this blow and compel senators and representatives to come forth and pledge themselves not to indulge in any salary grab. a tt a The present allowance of SIO,OOO is certainly ample for the services rendered by these gentlemen, in fact all of them would be fighting for renomination just as valiantly, if the salary stood where it did some years ago, at half its present figure. * tt M The average member could make SIO,OOO a year in private hfe, and if he feels it an injustice longer to waste his valuable time at such a paltry wage, he will find several thousand folks hack home willing to take up the burden. V . - v

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

Oui Latin-American Policy Never Has Consisted of Anything but Reversals. New YORK, April 20—President Hoover catches twenty trout, while thirty American refuj ?ees land at New Orleans. Why not give the refugees a trout- dinner at the White House? Secretary of State Stimson says that the Nicaraguan situation, has changed since 1926. He says that it was a case of organized armies then, but that now it is a case of unorganized banditry, and that while our marines could protect Americans against the forma*, it would involve a needless waste of life for them to attempt to do so against the latter. In ether words, we should yield to thugs, after having squelched a well-directed revolution. The reasoning is sophisticated, rather than clear. One hardly could blame Latin-Americans if they took it as a suggestion that guerilla warfare is the way to make revolution virtuous in Uncle Sam’s eyes. tt tt a Gangsters Fool Us APPLYING Secretary Stimson’s theory to home problems, we get a plausible explanation of gang rule. If gangsters only would come cut in regiments, or even battalions, ' permitting the establishment and j patrol of neutral zones, we might be i able to do something. The gangsters, however, proceed Ia la Sandino, run around in small squads, shoot from behind and pick off their victims unawares. If such tactics are too much for the devil dogs, what .can we expect of ordinary cops and village constables? In complete accord with our national policy, the lowa legislature refuses to buy bullet-proof vests for such citizens of that state as may visit Chicago. A joke, of course, but not without serious implication. Some of :our forefathers would have regarded the Nicaraguan situation, not only as it exists today, but as it had existed for the last sixteen years, as equally ridiculous. a tt tt ■ Just Chatter WHY have our marines been there all this while, if it’s so necessary to hurry them home now? What was the big idea, to I begin with? Have we shed all the j blood for nothing, or were we 1 maneuvered into the mess by I shrewd European diplomats? What will we do if England, France or some other European country insists on protection to its nations, after our marines are withdrawn? The chatter is of a “new LatinAmerican policy,” because our recent course in Nicaragua has been reversed. That is nonsense. Our Latin-American policy never has consisted of anything but reversals. We just are running true to form. For the last fifty years, no one, inside or outside the United States, has had the slightest idea what this government would do when a situation arose in Latin-America. In Nicaragua, we began by supporting a conservative government, and wound up by compromising with the liberals. Now we are running out .on the liberals because Sandino is too tough, a proposition. •tt tt- a ■ ’ Fear and Contempt WHEN the revolution broke out in Brazil, we sought to help the government by placing an embargo on arms, but only to discover tjiat the revolution had succeeded in the meantime. It lias been a constant performance of blow hot and blow cold, until neither LatinAmerica nor our own citizens know what to expect. One. year, we are all for “protection,” even to the point of armed intervention, while the next we are for evacuating everybody, regardless of loss. Latin-America is divided between fear and contempt of the United States. Our wealth, power and resources are well understood, but our capriciousness creates chronic doubt and distrust as to how, when or for what purpose, they may be used. Things have reached such pass that we can not be honestly generous without the risk of being misunderstood. It goes without saying that European diplomats have taken advantage of the situation, have used the Monroe doctrine to make us interfere, and then use our interference to create suspicion.

ob ±

TURKEY’S BREAK April 20 ON April 20, 1917, the Turkish government officially informed the American embassy that diplomatic relations with the United States had been broken off. Abram Elkus,.the American ambassador, was ill with typhus fever at the time, and was compelled to remain at Constantinople for some weeks afterward. His staff remained with him. Three days later the American state department gave passports to Abdul Hak Hussein Bey, first secretary and charge d’affaires of the embassy, and other members of the staff. The Turkish ambassador, A. Rustem Bey, was recalled by the government early, in the war on account of injudicious criticisms of the President. Robert College and Bible House and its branches were closed, and Americans left the Turkish capital. Why are all states entitled to have two United States senators, regardless of their population, while the number of representatives is apportioned according to the number of residents in the state? Because the Constitution provides that each state shall have two senators, and it also provides that the representatives shall be apportioned among the several states according to their respective populations. These provisions were the result of one of the famous compromises in the constitutional convention, between the delegates from •the small and large states. What causes dew? It is the moisture deposited in minute drop 6 upon any cool surface by condensation of the vapor of the atmosphere; formed after a hot day, during or toward night and plentiful i& the early moralfig.

IT SEEMS TO ME v "KT

Robert h. lucas, executive director of the Republican national committee, is worried about our colleges. He thinks that young Republicans lose their faith while studying at modern institutions of learning. It seems that the professors are turning radical. At any rate,. they are not teaching sound Republican doctrine. “Inasmuch,” said Mr. Lucas,-“as it seems to be hopeless to expect a reform in the textbooks which teach free trade, internationalism, public ownership of private industry, abolition ol party government, etc., and inasmuch as it is apparently equally hopeless to expect the teachers in institutions of higher education to abandon theirradicaiism and socialistic theories, the approach to the young man and the young woman who is about to become a citizen must be made independent of our educational system. “This can best be done by organizing clubs and societies of young Republican men and women in each local community throughout the country, under the leadership and with the advice and counsel of the regular state and county organization leaders. “Many such clubs and societies heretofore have been organized and have .accomplished great good for the Republican party.” This seems a sound idea. But Mr. Lucas has not developed his plan to its logical conclusion.

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Bread Line Diet Leads to Scurvy

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN, Editor, Journal of the American Medical .Association and of Hrireia. the Health Magazine. IN times of economic depression, when many people are without income from work, it becomes necessary to establish bread lines to provide them with food and what technically are known as “flop houses” as a place of shelter. For years the standard diet in the bread line has been coffee and

Views of Times Readers

Editor Times—Before the senate committee on unemployment, Brandt A. Scott of the West Virginia Miners’ Federation gave testimony concerning human misery and serfdom which shames America in the eyes of the world. I have in my possession a wage, slip of a miner showing how, at the end of two weeks, of tent work for a coal company, paid mostly in “scrip” (that is, tokens good only in company stores), he owed the company more money than when he began. I have seen miners living in houses not as well built as an ordi-nary-cow shed and have talked with a man dispossessed at night from his shanty, all his chickens let loose and his children’s clothes stolen by the dispossessing officers! The misery is partly the consequence cf a sick industry, partly the fault of an incompetent and often cruel industrial autocracy. In both cases it can be helped by social legislation, unemployment insurance and a strong union. Numerous small, short, but heroic strikes are helping to rebuild a union no longer under John L. Lewis’ stifling control. The need of relief in all this is great. The Red Cross is doing little or nothing—nothing in the case of strikers against intolerable conditions. The emergency committee for strikers’ relief, 112 East Nineteenth street, New York City, of which I am chairman, is transmitting relief funds which I can testify are competently and fairly administered by the miners’ own committee. No need in America is greater. NORMAN THOMAS. Editor Times—For the last three months I have been in your city and have enjoyed reading The Tixaes. Especially have I enjoyed

The hong Arm of the Law!

G, 0, P, Rah! SINCE the professors in existing colleges have gone in for heresies, why not found here and now a G. O. P. university, which shall be not only 100 per cent American, but also 100 per cent Republican? It should be easy to assemble a faculty for such a university. For instance, Big Bill the Build A* is at liberty for the movement. Naturally, the chair of municipal government would be assigned to Mr. Thompson. Personally, I would like to see Senator Smith Wildman Brookhart included, even though his Republicanism has been at times under fire. Nobody but Senator Brookhart properly could fill one highly essential chair in any Republican university. I refer to the professorship of sniffing and snooping, a a a The Noble Experiment "PRESIDENT HOOVER'," as soon as Jl available, should take over the chemistry or. physics of G. O. P. university. There in the laboratory he might demonstrate his revolutionary scientific concept that the nobility of an experiment varies inversely with its efficiency and pract cabiUty. And old G. O. P. certainly should bid for Borah. Mr. Borah properly .night give a series of lectures on political expediency, His theme song would be “He who fights and runs away will live to be a Progressive some other day.” And let us not forget Will Hays. Naturally, he will find a spot for himself in the English department. His course might best be described

sinkers. Unfortunately this is in no sense of the word a competent diet. Although a human being can live on a diet of coffee and sinkers for some time, he begins promptly to develop the symptoms of deficiency of some of the vitamins. Thus it already is reported from several metropolitan centers that the inhabitants of Hobohemia are < appearing in the clinics with early

and appreciated your editorials, which are, in my opinion, the very best to be found in any mid-western paper, also the articles by Frederick Landis, M. E. Tracy, and Heywood Broun. We need many more frank, sincere, and common sense writers like these three. I heartily agree with your comment on Mr. Ford’s unkind remark relative to there being plenty of work*if men wanted to work. May I add that his recent statement serves to remind the public of his wild and malicious attacks made some years ago on the Hebrew race? The people also remember that his paper continued to indulge in viciousness against these people until his tirade began to touch his bank account, then he “soft-ped-aled” and tried to place on the shoulders of one of his hirelings the full responsibility of his unjust attacks. He didn’t deceive anyone then, and he is misleading no one now. The true American wants work and not charity. He always has worked when there was work and will work now when work is given. But for Mr. Ford and the plutocrats like him in control of our government, there would be today honest tail for all men and Mr. Ford could save his sarcasm. C. G. H. Why does the United States government continue to issue $2 bills when they are so unpopular? Two dollar bills may be unpopular in some sections of the country, but in other sections they are in demand for pay rolls, and for that reason the government continues to issue them. What are the real names of the Four Marx brothers? Harpo Marx is Arthur,* Groucho is Julius; Chico is Leonard, and Zeppo is Herbert p

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those of one of America’s most interesting writers and are nresented without recard to their acreement or disacreement with the editorial attitude of this oaner.—The Editor.

in the catalog as “American literature and what it will look like when Hollywood has gone over it.” For finance, G. O. P. can have Fall. Hiram Johnson can qualify as an expert on the civilization and culture of Japan. a a a A Post for Grundy UNCLE JOE GRUNDY would be Humpty-Dumpty Professor of Foreign Trade. And in his course he would endeavor to show that traffic between nations may proceed merrily, even when the green light shows for exports and the red glares in the face of imports. But it might be just as well not to have Professor Ham Fish lecturing in an adjacent hall. Mr. Fish is, as all the world knows, color blind. To him there Is no shade but red. And upon seeing an exhibition of the traffic lights in Uncle Joe’s course, he might seize him forthwith as a dangerous radical and a menace to our . democratic institutions. And for philosophy there is Fess. Who could better explain to the young Republicans the fact that there has been some misconception as to the message which Moses brought down from Mt. Sinai. Others may believe that the Ten Commandments were written on the tablets. Not so. Professor Fess will tell the freshmen and the seniors of old G. O. P. that when the Lord spoke from the thunders and lightnings the divine injunction ran, “Vote the straight Republican ticket!”

manifestations of scurvy and pellagra. As has been known for some years, a diet largely deficient in vitamin C leads to manifestations of scurvy. A diet deficient in one of the portions of vitamin B leads promptly to manifestations of pellagra. If the standard coffee and sinkers could be replaced by a thick vegetable soup and a certain amount of fresh fruit or leafy green vegetables, if the coffee could be replaced by at least a half-pint of milk, many of these disturbances would be avoided. Unfortunately the members of the bread line have learned to love their coffee and sinkers. They like the stimulation of the coffee, the sweet taste and the filling effect of the doughnuts. Whether they can be educated to eat the more sufficient foods that have been mentioned is a problem for the social workers who are concerned largely with the care of the unfortunate.. Here certainly is some evidence that an apple a day or an orange a day will do much to keep the doctor away.

You 11 Want to Know Famous fellows and things from down the ages—interesting and , unusual bits of information about historical characters and places —are in the group of eight bulletins now ready in a single packet offer by our Washington bureau. The titles of these bulletins are: 1. Famous Pioneers. 6. Five Great Presidents of the 2. Famous Bandits. United States. 3. Famous Spies. 7. Famous Assassins. 4. Famous Pirates. 8. Famous Buildings. 5. Famous Detectives. If you want this packet of eight bulletins, fill out the coupon below and mail as directed. CMP COUPON HERE Dept. A-14, Washington Bureau, The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York Avenue, Washington, D. C.: I want the packet of eight bulletins on Famous Characters and Places, and inclose herewith 25 cents in coin, or loose, uncanceled United States postage stamps, to cover return postage and handling costs Name St and No City State I am a reader of The Indianapolis Times (Code No.)

.APRIL 20, 1931

SCIENCE ._BY DAVID DIETZ—

United States Coal Supply h Expected to Last for at Least £,OOO Years. COAL, mankind’s principal source of power at the present, is his chief hope for the future, In the light of our present knowledge. Barring possibility of development of sources of atomic power or new methods of utilizing the energy of sunlight, things which as yet are only dreams, mankind must pin its hopes for the future upon coal. Man has four chief sources of power at present—coal, falling water, petroleum and natural gas. The petroleum and natural gas are gradually giving out and the more pessimistic statisticians predict their end within a few decades. Water power at present does not offer a great deal of competition to coal except in such favorable sites for hydroelectric plants as Niagara Falls. Examination of the coal situation, however, leads to optimism. Unless the world increases greatly the rat* at which it utilizes coal, the supply should last for a considerable length of time. The United States geological survey estimates that when the first white settlers arrived In America, there were about three and a half trillion tons of coal in this country. The survey estimates further that to date we have mined and consumed about twenty-five billion tons and that we now are mining it at the rate of about 600 million tons a year. a a tt World Supply THE world’s supply of coal, according to an estimate of the International Geological Congress, is almost seven and a half trillion tons. It will be noticed, therefore, that the United States contains about one-half of the world’s coal reserves. The figures for the world are as follows: America, 5,105,528,000,000 tons. Europe, 784,190,000,000 tons. Asia, 1,279,586,000 tons. Africa, 57,839,000,000 tons. Oceania, 170,410,000,000 tons. There are some disquieting features in the picture. Obviously, the best coal is being mined first. Asa result, the anthracite coal in the United States probably will hold out only another century. The best of the bituminous coal also is going fast. But there will be plenty of coal, even though not of the best grade, for a long time to come. And as long as the coal holds out, mankind is assured of fuel for heating purposes and for operation of. furnaces, mills and electric power plants. Coal which is. not now practical to mine will become so as the cheaper and easier obtained supplies give out. The economic problem involved is one which will of necessity be adjusted somehow. It also is probable that the march of progress will continue to increase the efficiency of power plants in the future, just as it has in the past. a a a . . Future History DISTRIBUTION of the world’s Coal reserves may have an interesting bearing on the future history of civilization. The supply of the United States will hold out the longest. Some authorities believe that it will last 2,000 years. No other nation has a supply to equal it. Great Britain will run out of. coal in 600 years, according to present calculations. Belgium has a supply for 500 years to come, Germany for perhaps a thousand. Some nations will run out of coal very quickly. Switzerland, for example, has a very meager reserve. At present, about 90 per cent of the world’s supply of coal is produced in the United States and Europe. The supplies of Asia, Africa, and South America have not been drawn on to any extent. The United States mines about 50 per cent of the annual supply, while Great Britain mines about 25 per cent. The remote future depends upon the exhaustion of reserves. But the history of the near future will be influenced by the exhaustion of cheap and easily mined supplies. Great Britain, for example, realizes that it must produce cheaD electric power to maintain its industrial position. Since there is practically no water power in Great Britain, the coal supply is the determining factor.

Daily Thought

They that plow iniquity, and sow wickedness, reap the same.— Job 4:8. The wickedness of the few-makes the calamity of the many.—Publius Syrus. How many home runs have been scored by Babe Ruth since he has been in major league baseball? Exclusive of .world series games, and including the season of 1930. he has a record of 565 home runs in the major league.