Indianapolis Times, Volume 42, Number 260, Indianapolis, Marion County, 11 March 1931 — Page 6

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i f * IPPJ •H OW AHO

Philadelphia Flabbergasted If the way to kill a bad law is to enforce It, Lemuel B Schofield, public safety director of Philadelphia, is contributing: his bit to the war on prohibition. Schofield, it seems, takes seriously his pledge to enforce all laws, and has been making a series of prohibition raids which have aroused other officials, political and social leaders, and the plain, ordinary people. Pennsylvania has a drastic state enforcement act and the safety director has invoked this. He has raided hotels, country clubs and expensive clubs of business men. And he has raided the homes of Italians to seize wine—causing 2,500 in a mass meeting to demand his resignation. The situation is unique in Philadelphia, notoriously wet. Perhaps the most interesting phase is Schofield’s announcement that rich and poor alike must obey the law, and that business or social eminence does not bring immunity. He took $250,000 worth of liquor from the home of a millionaire and he raided the Manufacturers Club. So the City of Brotherly Love is up in arms. We haven’t any sympathy with Pennsylvania’s state enforcement act, but we admire the safety director’s courage. Perhaps if the same tactics were adopted everywhere, there would be such an uproar that the Volstead law would be knocked into a cocked hat. One of the main reasons prohibition has persisted is that there hasn’t been any real prohibition. Hoover and Russia President Hoover is reported ready to block Secretary of State Stimson’s plan to study Russian conditions. We hope that is not true. If Hoover is smart, he will swing in behind this Stimson idea and give it the necessary administration support. Apart from ideals of justice and statesmanship which require a change in our Russian policy, and putting it solely on the ground of partisan political expediency, Hoover ought to know by this time that his re-election chances are pretty slim. The main reason, of course, is the depression. Rightly or wrongly, the seven million unemployed and '.he seven million additional part-time employed are not inclined to vote for Hoover again. Without the return of prosperity, there probably will be no return of the Hoover administration. Hoover’s efforts thus far to revive business have been disastrous. He needs anew line, and obviously foreign trade offers the best opportunity. Now that the Hoover tariff has killed more than a quarter of our export trade and other nations have retaliated with trade barriers of their own, Russia is one of the few countries where our market can he extended rapidly and widely. And, since Russia is buying from us five times as much as we buy from her, the trade balance is unusually favorable. In the last fiscal year, our Russian sales amounted to $145,000,000. Instead of working that gold mine of trade in these hard times, the administration has been trying to destroy it—by treasury department trade barriers and commerce department propaganda. Tills idea that we should not trade with a country whose form of government we do not accept is as silly as it is hypocritical. It does not prevent the Hoover administration from ballyhooing trade with the Italian, Cuban, Venezuelan and other dictatorships. There is no reason why we should not have recognized Russia five years ago, as she has made clear repeatedly that she is ready to accept any sensible terms we offer. The rest of the world long since has recognized Russia, and has profited by that normal international relationship. We could and should do likewise. However, not even belated diplomatic recognition is necessary. Not diplomatic ceremony, but the sale of American goods Is the issue. If American goods are to be sold and American factories to offer more employment, the administration must stop discouraging trade with Russia and begin encouraging it. The long list of American corporations—such as General Electric, Ford and International Harvester—which have had profitable and satisfactory trade and credit relations with Russia, indicates that thousands of smaller companies likewise could obtain business if the administration would make the normal kind of trade agreement with Moscow. If the state department, after all these years of blindness, finally has seen light enough to want to seek more facts on this situation, a President in Hoover’s precarious position should not begin getting frightened at his own shadow again. Reno’s Dilemma Pity poor Reno! For three years the sagebrush capital has been picking up pennies to the merry click of its up-to-date divorce mill. The speed-up system was out-Fording Ford by delivering 1 couples neatly, completely separated after ninety days of residence. More than 2,000 rich and marriage-weary pairs have been taking the Reno cure a year, while Washoe oounty and George B. Wingfield's spacious hostelries have waxed richer to the extent of $5,000,000 a year. But the easy divorce monopoly was too good to last. Arkansas, hungry for hotel customers, reduced its residence period from a year to three months. The Idaho legislature followed. Montana, >New Mexico and Arizona entered the race with similar bills. Reno’s enterprise was challenged. At Carson City, Nevada's legislature was found equal to the emergency. It is considering a bill reducing the residence period from ninety to forty-two days. But suppose competing, states meet Nevada’s bid and further cut the residence period? What will happen to the big divorce hotels and the allied amusement industries? Washoe county will become a washout and Nevada will have to go back to its sheep, cattle and silver business. Shall We Return to the Whipping Post? Some hundred fifty years ago humanitarians imagined that they were taking a great step in advance through substitution of the prison for the whipping post, the stocks and pillory, mutilation, branding and the .'r>\ Today we hear frequent demands for re-estabiishment of the whipping post as a method of treating criminals. Judge Kavanagh has recommended it for years. In a recent comment on several works on criminology, Henry Mencken came out vigorously for restoration of the lash. Now the grand jury in Kings epunty, New York, calls for institution of the lash. "We believe that a system of corporal punishment should be devised and made applicable to criminals in cases where crime and violence have been used in the commission of crimes," says the report, "and that the principle of corporal punishment should be

The Indianapolis Times <4 BCRIPPS-HOWARO NEWSPAPER* ' Owned and published dally 'except Sunday) br The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos 214-220 West Maryland Street. Indianapolis, Ind. Price in Marion County. 2 cents a copy: elsewhere. 3 cents— delivered by carrier. 12 cents a week. BOYD GURLEY. ROY W. HOWARD. FRANK G. MORRISON Editor I resident Business Manager PHONE—Riley BMI WEDNESDAY, MARCH 11. 1931. Member of United Press Scrlpps-Howard Newepaper Alliance. Newspaper Enterprise Assoelation. Newspaper Information Serrice and Aodit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

Incorporated in the laws of this state. ... By use of the term ‘corporal punishment’ the grand jury means the institution here of the whipping post." Can a scientific criminologist and humanitarian concur in this demand? Weil, the prison doubtless is an advance over the more brutal forms of mutilation and whipping which once prevailed. But the practical criminologist probably will have to admit that It Is less humane and beneficial than any reasonable application of the whipping post. The prison certainly does not exercise any greater deterrent influence than whipping, and its influence on the men confined is far more demoralizing than the lash. Os course, the prison does keep men confined, and while in prison they do not commit any public crimes. But this is offset by the degradation of the men while within walls. What we need is the application of science to criminals. This would leave no place for the lash. But until this can be done, we might try common sense. This wouid dictate the lash for certain types. Neither science nor common sense can support our present prisons as a method of handling the criminal class. Helping the Hungry Webster tells us that “to rehabilitate” is to “put on a proper basis or into a previous good state again; to restore; to re-establish." The government is setting out to help “rehabilitate the farmers of Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana and Mississippi who suffered from the drought and from storms. Congress appropriated $20,000,000 for the purpose and Secretary Hyde has set aside $10,000,000 of that sum for rehabilitation loans. The rest will go for the formation of credit corporations of different sorts. The insistence of the use of the word “rehabilitate" precipitated a row, it will be recalled, when there was demand for direct aid, which was settled when it was agreed this should mean that a farmer making a loan might buy food. But we pity any hungry farmer who tries to make a loan. The regulations prescribed by Hyde make the filing of an income tax blank look like a simple task. First, the farmers must provide security. How they can do this with their crops destroyed by drought and storms, and their local security exhausted, perhaps Hyde can explain. The farmers must apply to the Memphis office for his blanks. He must fill out form No. 2 and No. 3. Mortgage form No. ARS also figures in the transaction, as do Forms AR2, AR3, AR4 and ARS depending on what kind of a loan the farmer is trying to make. The department thereupon will investigate the application, and will make loans “on a basis of the necessity of the applicant and the security offered.” Promissory notes, crop pledges and so forth must be submitted, and in duplicate. If the farmer is a tenant, he must issue a waiver and fill out still anothei form. Then, if the department likes, payments will be made in installments, and the farmer required to show what he did with his first installment before he can get any more money. By the time all this is done, the farmer may be able to get money enough to buy himself a sack of flour—if he and his family have not starved meanwhile. Less Child Labor North Carolina is making progress in the abolition of child labor, according to the report of its state child welfare commission. Fifty per cent fewer children from 14 to 16 years of age are employed by the industries of the state than ten years ago. The number was reduced 28 per cent in 1930 over the year before. This is gratifying news. Employment of child labor throughout the south too long has been a national disgrace. Aside from the unfairness to the children, living standards generally are lowered. It is estimated that there now are a million children employed whose places might be taken by adults, thus contributing to the relief of unemployment. Perhaps the progress of North Carolina will point the way to some of her sister southern states. The prince of Wales once said he would like to be a newspaper man. If he ever took the job, we’ll wager the first thing the editor would do is put up a kick over his traveling expenses.

REASON

'T'HE politicians are saying that this man and that J- man will be the next President, but if Thomas A. Edison can get the golden rod to cut out its hay fever monkeyshines and devote all of its time to the rubber business, he’ll make the strongest candidate in America. The hay fever vote of this country is nothing to be sneezed at. _ * a * The Indiana legislature passed a law giving the supreme court exclusive authority to pass on the qualifications of those who wish to practice law. The Constitution says that any person of “good moral character can be admitted, regardless of what he knows about law, but the legislature tries to get around this by saying that a person who is not qualified is not of good moral character. tt tt tt THIS legislature should incorporate and go into the packing business, for this contention is the largest link of “boloney” ever turned out in America.” A knowledge of law has no more to do with “moral character” than baldness or ingrowing toe nails. a a a A New York girl sued Harry Thaw for damages, charging that he bit her and a jury gave her $16,000. A few more verdicts like this should make Thaw a vegetarian. a a a Doctors tell us that different things cause high blood pressure, but one great cause is entirely overlooked and it is the insulting attitude of the'smartaleck author from abroad who comes here to lecture. a a a THIS J. B. Priestly, English author, who is now in our midst, insulted in advance the towns where lie is to talk and not one of the towns had enough intestinal fortitude to cancel his engagement. Buffalo was one of the cities which took a slap in the face—and liked it. m u tt A cable from Manila states that 4,000 anti-Amer-icans formed a plot to stage a rebellion. If anybody wants to buy our share of the Philippine islands, we’ll sell it at a bargain. m a a What we ought to do is to trade the Philippines to John Bull for his possessions along our eastern seaboard and in the Caribbean. t a a a Up to date we’ve not been able to find any zoologist capable of telling whether March came in like a lion, a lamb or a kangaroo. * v

BY FREDERICK LANDIS

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

! M. E. Tracy ; SAYS: I The Nation Is Waiting to See What Governor Roosevelt Will Do About New York’s Latest Crime Sensation. MEMPHIS, Term., March 11.— This section of the country is unusually interested in New York just now, not only because of the Raskob plan, the possibility of Governor Roosevelt’s nomination, the comeback of Wall street, the appearance of the World-Telegram and other obviously important matters, but because of certain details which, though of no great consequence in themselves, have thrown a vivid light on one aspect of the political situation. As far as I can make out from conversation in hotel lobbies and on street corners, an eight-foot piece of rope has done more to rivet attention on the nation’s metropolis than anything else during the last few days. Nor is this entirely attributable to that morbid appetite which ‘is supposed to be excited by the unsolved murder of a woman. That piece of rope symbolizes something bigger than a mere homicide, even out here on the banks of the Mississippi, where they may not understand the finer points, but where they do seem to have gotten the main idea. a a a Slain to Seal Lips AS a majority of people throughout the United States already know, that piece of rope was discovered wound tightly around the neck of Vivian Gordon, the first time on record, as far as any one connected with the New York police can say, that a woman was killed in such manner. Curious as that aspect of the case may be, it is not the one which arouses most interest. Vivian Gordon is supposed not only to have been fully acquainted with the way certain unfortunate members of her sex had been framed and preyed upon by vultures of the law, but to have been on the point of telling it publicly. By common report, she was to have appeared as a pivotal witness in one of the investigations now going on, and by common suspicion, she was removed for that reason. tt a

Wait for Verdict RIGHTLY, or wrongly, the American people have classified her as just one more victim of the racket, just one more blood sacrifice laid on the altar of corruption by organized vice, just one more example of the conscienceless intelligence with which gangland shuts the mouths of those who know. Rightly, or wrongly, the American people regard such condition as the biggest issue before them and are disposed to measure candidates, especially for higher offices, by the way those candidates react to it. To put the thing in plain English, outsiders are waiting to hear from such prominent figures as Governor Roosevelt of New York, not alone with resp>ect to prohibition, but with respect to that form of organized lawlessness which only can flourish when protected by an alliance with corrupt politics. ana Look to New York NEW YORK has not been singled out as the country's rawest spot, or even as exceptional, btit because it is the country’s greatest community in every respect and enjoys the privilege of leadership. The same thing which causes people to look to New York for style causes them to look to her whenever a nation-wide problem appears. With half a dozen judges and magistrates run off the bench, with a bank commissioner in jail, with one probe following another in quick succession, each producing a lot of ugly evidence, even if it can’t get results, and with a district attorney hiring Pinkerton detectives, the people are waiting to see how their greatest city, or the Governor of their greatest state, will react. People of the south are particularly concerned in New York’s situation because of its bearing on the next national election. They are Democrats and New York is the strongest Democratic center in the north. It generally is admitted that the Democratic party has no chance without New York, not so much for the electoral vote as for the leadership which New York alone can give. tt tt tt Must Clean Up WITH a Democratic Governor in the chair at Albany and with a Democratic administration in control of the city, New York will be in no position to lead unless she shows greater capacity to clean up her house than she has shown thus far. The vast amount of money spent for police protection doesn’t square with the number of unsolved crimes, nor does the pussyfooting square with what ordinary folks throughout the land believe should and could have been done. There is vastly more at stake in this kettle of fish than who will be the next police commissioner, or the next magistrate, to fall by the wayside. Without realizing it, a few misguided politicians actually are doing much to determine who will be the next President of the United States. If straws can show which way the wind is blowing, why not an eight-foot piece of rope?

Questions and

Answers

Has Switzerland a naw? No. Is the gold dollar the smallest gold coin ever issued? It is the smallest gold coin issued by the United States government. Smaller gold coins were once issued by private firms. How are seedless oranges propagated? Seedless oranges are certain varieties which simply do not have seeds, but are propagated by budding. What is the meaning of Kathryn? Pure. What is the circumference ofr the earth? The equatorial circumference is | 24,902 miles; the meridinal circumference, 24,860 miles.

BELIEVE IT or NOT

✓ Holy Roller Jv \ A Rolled from Ihdssd , Tibet, To 6e hMeS,lndia jfC “ across The snow-clad Himalayas I Russell SecresT /fopM<cvA V" —- 0N o° ? ? FA I • VdudoYi//e Cartoonist Jgp £rnsT •- P T I talked 690 coksecuTiv/ehours RAN 125 ME S I- DAY AND NIGHT ' A DAY For 13 DAYS ft* (15 ttmutes resl each to) Pans to Moscow * \VP (&. r 105 Angeles ’ "*• Q I&LL Blita Symlicafcr, hw- Great Britain t hrtitt remrmrxl

Following is the explanation of | Ripley’s ‘Believe It or Not” which j appeared in Tuesday’s Times: Mrs. Belle Ryans Has Smoked a Pipe for 109 Years—Mrs. Ryans, ’ born in Tennessee March 4, 1811, has been a devotee of a pipe since she was 11 years of age. Although she has used tobacco continually for 109 years, she does not approve of the modern girl smoking

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Avoid Taking Babies on Trips

BY DR. MOR&IS FISIIBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. PRACTICAL points about babies: 1. Traveling with babies should be avoided as much as possible. Most infectious diseases come from contact with people who are not careful about preventing the dissemination of their own infected excretions. 2. Small babies may be taken in motor car* for short trips, provided much care is taken in regulating the temperature and preventing excessive drafts. Small babies never should be taken in motor cars on tong trips. 3. Promiscuous kissing of small babies is one of the surest ways of causing them to develop colds, bronchitis, influenza and other serious diseases that are transmitted in this way. 4. If the relatives and friends in-

Times Readers Voice Their Views

Editor Times—l have been a reader and a subscriber to The Times ever since it has been a Scripps-Howard paper and also many years before, when it was called the “Indianapolis Sun,” and never before voiced my views on anything through the papers. However, I am taking this opportunity to do so and I wish you would publish this. I am referring to a recent accident at West drive, Woodruff Place, and East Michigan street, when a woman was killed by an automobile. This accident happened at about 6:35 p. m., when a lot of people were returning to their homes from work. As every one knows, an accident draws an enormous crowd, and this one was no exception to. the rule. The police are the first to be notified in a case o fthis kind. However, the police were on the job almost at once, but, why is it that their cars are not equipped with some sort Qf suitable covering, at least a sheet, that- they could use to cover these unfortunate persons with until such time that the ambulance arrives? This lady was exposed to the gaze of curious eyes for not less than twenty minutes, and probably would have been longer had not some thoughtful lady in a nearby apartment house taken some part of her bed clothing and performed this act of decency. Why can’t the city lay aside the small amount that it would cost, and equip police cars with this necessity and instruct police to use them? It would take only a short minute to do such a small thing and then the officers could go on about their business of asking questions and directing traffic. This is supposed to be a no mean city, so why not live up to the slogan and make it so? W. J. M’AREE. Editor, Times—According to The Times of March 4, the county infirmary is called a “hell on earth,” and is said to be the worst in the state. I think these politicians will find worse places in Indiana if they care to investigate. Mr. Carter is doing as well as anyone who does this work for a salary. He is appointed politically, and, of course, has to do the best he can on what is given him by the county commissioners. They can spend only what the county council will appropriate, and they keep the expense as low as possible, so at every election “economjr” can be the battle cry. The fault lies with none of them. The condition found is the fault of we citizens. When we demand more, we will be given more. The writer has been visiting our

On request, sent with stamped addressed envelope, Mr. Ripley will tumisft proof of anything depicted by him.

cigarets. In a recent statement to the press she expressed only one unfulfilled desire in life, and that was to ride in an airplane. This has been denied her because of her age. Mrs. Ryans now is living in Savannah, Ga. One Locomotive Atop the Other in a Head-on Collision—This collision, which took place on one of the large railroads in the state of

sist on kissing the baby’s hands, the hands should be washed immediately thereafter. The baby is likely to put his hands promptly in his mouth. 5. Normal babies frequently cry a few minutes when first put to bed. If it cries more than a half hour, or with an unusually vociferous or distressed cry, it may be picked up, held over the mother’s left shoulder and patted on the back to bring up the gas. Then it should be examined to see if it is wet or too warm and if the feet are cold. If everything is normal, the baby may be put back to bed and left alone. 6. After the cord separates about one week after birth, the baby should have a tub bath at least once each day. The most convenient time is about one hour before its second morning feeding. 7. Proper temperature for the baby’s bath is between 93 and 100

infirmary weekly for more than three years. I have found much that could be improved, but try to get the citizens of this county as a whole to show enough interest to visit the place just once—just try it. If a real effort is made, you will nearer find heaven than hell out there. There are 500 men and women at this home. Go up and down Indianapolis streets and count off 500 by 500, and taking these divisions one by one you will find more Christians in the 500 at the infirmary than you will in any 500 in Indianapolis. By this I mean Christians, not merely church members. And this in spite of the fact that there is only one denomination (the Lutherans) that has regular church service at the infirmary every Sunday in the year. Indi. nufolis is the home of a large missionary society that support hundreds of missionaries in China, India. Africa and other foreign fields, but not one who can preach to the poor in Marion county or visit the sick in the hospitals. As far as these misrepresentations are concerned, it is just another spasmodic yelp.' ONE WHO CARES.

i-TCOAyrjptHer

TASSO’S BIRTH March 11 ON March 11, 1544, Torquato Tasso, the great Italian epic poet, was born at Sorrento, the son of a nobleman. He studied law at Padua, but ! afterward switched to philosophy at , Bologna. In 1561 he published some ! poems and the following year his i “Rinaldo” appeared. At 18 he j already was famous. In 1572 Tasso was invited to the court of Alfonso 11, Duke of Ferrara. While there he produced his most important works. His “Aminta,” a pastoral drama of great lyrical charm, is said to have ; inspired al motives of Italian verse | for the next two centuries. In the following yeap he completed his “Jerusalem Delivered,” one of the great epic poems of modem times. Following his release from a hospital for the insane, where he was confined for seven years, Tasso led a broken and wandering life. At Rome, where he had been summoned by Pope Clement VIII, to be crowned poet laureate at the capitol. as Petrarch had been, Tasso was i stricken with a fatal illness and the ' ceremony never was performed.

*7 Registered 0. is MJ V Uateot Office RIPLEY

Massachusetts, more than a score of years ago, is unique in the annals of railroading. The engine shown mounted on the other was pushing a snowplow at the time of the collision, and, as a result of the terrific impact, it climbed over the piow and landed on top of the heavier locomotive. Thursday: “Thirty-Six Years a Sailor, but Never Sailed the Sea.”

degrees. As it gets older, this may be reduced to 95 degrees. If a bath thermometer is not available, the mother may test the temperature by putting her elbow in the water. 8. If the baby has a cold, the tub bath may be substituted by a warm sponge bath. 9. The child should not be put in water if it has a fever, except under a physician’s orders. 10. Most authorities believe that babies should wear stockings to keep the feet from getting cold. 11. A fat baby is not nfcessarily a healthful baby. Sometimes it merely has been getting too much carbohydrate. 12. The sun bath may be overdone. Five minutes a day at the end of the first month with a gradual increase to one-half to an hour a day after four months probably is sufficient under modern conditions of diet and care.

Editor Times—How much longer will the deluded American public fall for this high tariff bunk as a sure shot prosperity creator? We now have the highest protective tariff ever enacted, protecting our “infant billion dollar manufacturers” and at the same time have millions and millions of honest toilers unemployers, and there are many millions more of dependents struggling against want and famine. After the American people have voted this protected favored class all the tariff they called for, now this same “millionaires’ club,” sometimes called congress, like Nero, fiddled while Rome burned. The people have helped you to get yours, now it’s time for them to get theirs. F. T. BAINE, 3111 East Georgia street. Editor Times—Funny things happen. They pension men drawing $6,000 and $7,000 a year, and refuse devils that need it. This is the richest country on earth, yet 87 pc. cent die paupers over 70 years of age. Millions of bushels of grain we don’t need and thousands starring. They used to say, “Back to the farm, produce more foodstuff, and we all will be prosperous.” Now the government has a mail going around telling the farmers they must not* plant so much if they expect prosperity. • We have the largest pile of gold of any nation, and the largest number of unemployed. They give a poor devil ten to twenty years for robbing a bank. What do they give the bankers for robbing the poor people of their life savings? A READER.

Seafood for Lent You will be surprised at the many ways and the attractive dishes that can be prepared from various kinds of fish and seafood. Our Washington Bureau has ready for you in this Lenten season anew bulletin on fish and seafood cookery with a collection of recipes on the subject that you will want to have in your cook book for future reference. Fill out the coupon below and send for it: CLIP COUPON HERE Dept. Jl7, Washington Bureau The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York avenue, Washington, D- C. NAME STREET AND NO CITY STATE I am a reader of The Indianapolis Times 'Code No.)

.MARCH 11, 1931

SCIENCE —BY DAVID DIETZ

Most Complex and “Wild” Theories of Science Often Turn Into Information of Great Valve. of the great lessons of modem science is that you never can tell when a complex and involved theory which looks hopelessly academic and a mere scientific curiosity may turn out to be the most useful bit of knowledge around. Scientific theories which seem in the realm of the pure abstract suddenly turn out to have very definite concrete applications. A famous example of that is the electro-magnetic theory of light, first announced by James ClerkMaxwell, the British mathematician, in the nineteenth century. Many critics at the time said things about Maxwells theory of light which sound very much like things which now are being said about Einstein’s theory of relativity. One commentator said that the theory might be useful If any one could understand what Maxwell wci c talking about. But. Heinrich Hertz, the German physicist, reasoned that if light consisted of electromagnetic waves, it ought to be possible to produce similar waves by electrical means. He succeeded. We still make use of Hertzian waves today. But we usually call them by a more familiar name. We call them radio waves! St tt tt About Magnets A SIMILAR example of high:; theoretical work turning out to be of great practical value is cited in a "research narrative” on iron and its alloys just issued by the Engineering Foundation of New York The narrative tells the story of the development of alloys of iron which were suitable for use as cores in the coils of various electrical derices. The essential part of many electrical devices is a coil of wire wound around an iron core, an electromagnet, to use the scientific name for it. When an electric current passes through such a coil, it is surrounded with a magnetic field and behaves as a magnet. The core provides an easier path for the magnetic field and so strengthens the resulting magnetic action. “Thirty years ago,” the narrative says, “great quantities of iron were necessary in cores of electrical devices to prevent undue electric loss High temperatures caused magnetic deterioration of the metal. “Even alloys of apparently constant chemical composition had varying magnetic properties. In vieu of this obstacle, progress in transformers of electrical currents war especially difficult. “Then came the first big improvement; Hadfield in England discovered silicon as an alloying element with iron. In 1903 silicon steel appeared there, and a little later here This new steel cut losses in half ’ Young Student IT became evident about fifteen years ago that impurities in the iron had an effect on magnetic properties, but no data upon the subject existed. At this time, a young student oi Norwegian parentage became interested in the study of iron. He was T. D. Yensen, then at the University of Illinois. He tried making iron alloys of the purest material obtainable, "developing an electric furnace specially for the work. After several years he succeeded in developing an iron alloy of such purity that its magnetic properties were immensely more suitable to electric devices than any alloys previously known. The Westinghouse Company became interested in his work and brought him to their laboratories at East Pittsburgh, where he haa been carrying on his researches ever since. Yensen found that a thousandth of 1 per cent of carbon in the iron was enough to cause most of the trouble. “Who would have believed that the elimination of a few thousandths of a per cent of carbon could be responsible for raising the maximum magnetic permeability of iron from perhaps 10,000 to 50,000 with corresponding decreases in hysteresis?” the foundation’s narrative asks. “Yet this has been amply demonstrated by his work. He can select two bars of Iron that an expert chemist can not distinguish by the best analytical methods available, and yet, when placed in the magnetic testing apparatus, one of them will show magnetic permeabilities a hundred times greater than the other.”

Daily Thought

I know that my redeemer Ihreth. Job 19:25. We are made partakers of the redemption purchased by Christ, by the effectual application of it to us by HLs Holy Spirit.—Westminster Catechism. How can the stains of cod liver oil be eradicated from clothing? They can be removed easily when fresh from practically all materials, by freely sponging with carbon tetrachloride, and washing the garment thoroughly in warm soapsuds It is important that attention be given to cod liver oil stains as soon as possible after they are made, because later they are extremely difficult to remove.