Indianapolis Times, Volume 42, Number 230, Indianapolis, Marion County, 3 February 1931 — Page 4

PAGE 4

SCK I PPJ - H OW AM.O

Duvall and Otlters From sources which usually demand more nd worse prisons for violators comes the suggestion that a pardon should be granted to former Mayor Duvall, soon to begin his jail sentence after delaying that proper punishment for more than two years. Putting him in a cell may not be important if the lesson of the inevitable result of hate and trickery be borne home to those who may be tempted to follow the methods of the school in which Duvall obtained his politica training. Where are those who back in the year of *24 were riding the high waves of hate to political eminence? Punishment has struck at each and all. With but one eminent exception, those who were highest have sunk to the lowest deaths. Duvall went into office when a nightgown was the garb of the powerful. He signed away the powers of his office before he obtained it. A congressman who did the same thipg is now under arrest for the same act. The state chairman of the Republican party which w'as raped by this crew has served his stretch. Two successors of Stephenson, the political godfather of the crowd, have been in federal penitentiaries for auto theft. Others who held high positions have gone the same route and those whom the Old Man made greatest are now forgotten and ostracized—with one exception. The appointment of A1 Meloy as federal marshal recalls the fact that Arthur Robinson, senator from Indiana, was the political chick of that time, hatched by appointment and reared in the brooder of Stephensonism and Coffinism. 9 Putting Duvall in jail at this time should be the signal to Republicans who revere Lincoln to make an effort on his birthday to rid their party of whatever remaining influence the forces of the Duvall era may have upon its fate.

The Right Way Whatever good they may accomplish for themselves in the way of relief, the unemployed rendered a real service to the state when they demonstrated the Constitution still exists in Indiana. In very recent years the answer to every protest of the poor has been the club of the policeman or the threat of jail as disturbers. Free speech has been put upon the rack. Free press has occupied a cell. The right of assemblage and petition has been bludgeoned. When several hundreds, representing the unemployed, marched upon the statehouse Monday with grievances and an appeal for legalized relief, a situation was created where suppression might have easilyresulted in unfortunate consequences. There have been officials whose only method of meeting such a situation and such an appeal would have been to send for more policemen. Fortunately, the state has at present as Speaker of the house of representatives one who believes in the Constitution. When Walter Myers announced that the right of assemblage and of petition would be preserved at all hazards he merited not the thanks of the petitioners alone, but of every man who still believes in America and its traditional safeguards of liberty. A righteous protest and appeal was never stifled by suppression. Unrighteous ones have succeeded in the name of martyrdom. In these troublous times, those Americans serve well who stand firmly for the ancient safeguards of freedom and self-govern-ment. Progress, even in a fight against poverty and joblessness, can be made only when all the facts are dragged into the light and every problem of government settled by public opinion. The Constitution, so often forgotten in this state, Is still the foundation of liberty and of progress.

Railroading the General Railroading Smedley Butler isn't going to help the popularity of the Hoover administration a bit. Ever since Butler started earning congressional medals of honor for exceptional valor he has been popular with the marines and with the people. The fact that he is a major-general getting a raw deal is only incidental. He was just as popular as a Junior officer. Os course he talked out of tuni in that Philadelphia speech about Dictator Mussolini—at least he made the mistake of thinking an officer could repeat what was being said by American citizens. And if Washington merely had expressed diplomatic regret to Italy and slapped Butler on the wrist with a reprimand the incident would have been closed and soon forgotten. But such obvious course did not satisfy the powers. Apparently somebody, somewhere, pretty high, rooked Butler out of the job of commandant of marines, which rightfully was his by record and seniority. And apparently they now intend to go farther and rub his face in the dirt with this court-martial. Our guess is that they are going to succeed—but not in the way they expect. They are going to make a martyr of him. And Butler is just young enough, and lusty enough, and popular enough, to be a very dangerous martyr politically to the administration. Ho-w can a court-martial result in any other way? Certainly there is little chance that Butler can get a fair trial. By the nature of the apology to Mussolini. Hoover already has prejudged and condemned Butler. And Hoover is the commander-in-chief. Thus a fair trial for Butler would mean, in effect, that the commander-in-chief also was being tried. A verdict clearing Butler would be a verdict condemning the commander-in-chief. Maybe we are wrong, but we just can’t see those naval and marine officers sitting as court-martial judges giving a verdict in favor of Major-General Butler and against Commander-in-Chlef Hoover—no matter what the evidence Is. Under military rules, subordinates can not try superiors; they caqjt pass judgment on Hoover. + That is why we .believe we are within the limits of

The Indianapolis Times (A SCKIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER* Owned and t>nbllsbed dally (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos.. 214-220 West Maryland Street. Indianapolis. Ind. Price in Marion County. 2 cents a copy: elsewhere. 3 cents—delivered by carrier. 12 cents a week. BOYD GURLEY ROY W. HOWARD. FRANK G MORRISON Editor President Business Manager PHONE— Riley SMI TUESDAY. FEB. 3. 1931. Member of United Press, Serf pps-Howard Newspaper Alliance. Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Ihformation Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

accuracy In calling this court-martial an act of railroading Butler. • One thing about this case, however, mystifies us. What does the state department expect to gain by a court-martial? If an obscure speech by Butler upset International relations, what will a full-fledged trial In the public spotlight do to international relations? Since the state department obviously thinks that the less said about Mussolini the better, what is the sense in a court-martial which will force Butler and a {.reat many others—including the press—to say many rno:-e disagreeable things about the Fascist dictator? Does the administration think it can get around this difficulty by holding the court-martial in secret? It can’t. To appear to railroad Smedley Butler at all is bad enough, but to try to do it in the dark would multiply his martyrdom 100 per cent. If the administration holds a secret court-martial neither Hoover nor Mussolini ever will hear the last of it. The Federal Deficit Secretary Mellon originally estimated that the treasury deficit at the close of the current fiscal j-ear next Tune 30 would be $180,000,000. Now he believes it will be double that. “We will close the year with a deficit which, based on present indications, will not be less than $375,000,000,” he said in testimony before the senate. There have been indications that such would be the situation, but this is the first official treasury admission to that effect. “The present condition of the public finances is far from satisfactory,” said Mellon. Mellon went on to point out the difficulty of making “any accurate prophecy” because of the uncertainly surrounding income tax payments for this calendar year. This was perhaps a wise precaution, because heretofore some of the treasury’s estimates have been far wide of the mark. The deficit estimate may be conservative, as a matter of fact. The supply bills are not through congress and added demands are being made for funds for drought relief, public construction to relieve unemployment, for naval building and for other purposes. Even if budget estimates were met, receipts would be $400,000,000 less than last year and expenditures more than $200,000,000 greater. But income tax receipts are down, and customs collections are materially below what was anticipated. The deficit easily could amflunt to half a billion or more. It is assumed that the income tax reduction of 1 per cent on payments this year will not be continued in accordance with recommendations of the administration. Whether reviving business will obviate the need for further tax increases remains to be seen. The deficit this year could be met in part by a reduction of the $300,000,000 emergency balance maintained in the treasury; by temporary borrowing; by a bond issue; by curtailment of public debt retirement. Or, income tax rates could be raised, a thing which no one wants to see at a time of depression. But if it is found necessary to raise rates, there is no question where the increase should be applied. The lower brackets should be left alone, and surtaxes be made to carry the burden, it is those of small and moderate incomes who have suffered most from hard times.

Giving Up Billboards We are all pretty well convinced nowadays that the individual or his lot can be improved by social action. But we often forget that social good also can be achieved by individual action. J. Jennyson Seller, proprietor of the Hotel Welden, at Greerfieid, Mass., did not wait to have a law passed. He has ordered all billboards advertising his hotel removed as a “protest against the ever-growing menace to roadside beautification.” There is no protest against the billboard nuisance more effective than that of the advertiser who declines to be a party to it. A Boston professor says that poetry is a spontaneous achievement. There are many editors who wish it were capable of spontaneous combustion. As fleet as a runner may be, opines the office sage, he usually has someone close to his heels. • One commission President Hoover is probably glad he didn't appoint is the New York boxing commission.

REASON by FP “ K

YOU have read of the reduced prices of automobiles, but they are nothing alongside the way Jack Dempsey has slashed prize fighting rates. Heretofore in the million dollar class, he now offers to meet anybody in the ring for $500,000. This should send a thrill of joy throughout the land. tt tt tt The fact that. Dempsey is willing to take a night off and maul and be mauled for the paltry sum of half a million dollars should bring the American people to their feet, singing the “Star-Spangled Banner.” tt a tt Speaking of Dempsey, it now appears that he had nothing to dc> with the getting up of an article, bearing his name, which appeared in a recent magazine, he having explained that while he gave or rather sold to the magazine the right to use his name, he didn’t see the article to which it was appended. * a tt THIS will explain to the marveling reader why all of our prize fighters write like Shakespeare and all our ball players like Nicholas Murray Butler. Practically all of it is written by ghost writers. a a a Right here let us invoke the power of organized society to compel night drivers to dim their blazing lights. Now and then a driver surprises you by being civilized, but with the overwhelming majority the grand objective is to paralyze the optic nerve of the whole wide world. a a a In this connection we hope it is not lese majeste or anything of such nature to inquire, “Where are the state highway police?” We do not see one of then*- in six months. Where are they' a a a MRS. CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT goes to bat and declares that Jane Addams of Hull House fame in Chicago is the greatest woman in America. We realize that Sister Catt is a lady of large prestige, but when she pins this elaborate peacock feather on Sister Addams, she is taking in a lot of territory. a a a Jane Addams has done a wonderful work for the human uplift, but there are millions of unknown women in America, whose lives have been the family doormat so ■ sixty years, who have brought into the world and scrubbed and raised and civilized a bunch of kids. It takes a good deal of assurance to say that any womajS of fame has these unknown sisters backed off thj£ boards.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

The Essence of America's Task Is Not Free Meals or Free Beds, but Increased Opportunity. QACRAMENTO, Cal., Feb. 3.—An increased loan allowance 6eemc the most sensible way of solving the bonus problem. Some of the boys are in need of cash, while others are not. If relief is the object, why put up a proposition that would make all of them fools not to take it and raise everybody's tax bill? We're geing to have trouble enough working out of this depression, without any one making it an excuse for financial nonsense, or misdirected charity. That agitator -who mounted a soap box in front of San Francisco’s soup kitchen, demanding beefsteak instead of stew, should be taken seriously. If it is our duty to prevent actual i want, it also is our duty to preserve j sound social principles. E. W. Scripps, who founded these newspapers, said that it was an economic crime to give something for nothing, or get something for nothing. The essence of America's task is not free meals, or free beds, but an increased opportunity to earn them. tt tt tt A Tariff Error PROVIDING increased opportunity, without lowering the living i standard to which we Americans j have grown accustomed, is no simple 1 problem. Ever since the World war, and many years before, for that matter, we have been obsessed with the idea that we could preserve our prosperity merely by keeping foreign | goods out of this country with a tariff wall. We can, but we can’t keep them out of other countries, where We have developed and need an evergrowing trade. The Grundy bill may prevent less German steel from coming to New York, but what about Buenos Aires? The time has come for us to realize that American prosperity is no longer a purely American product, that the trade which made it and which alone can preserve it has become international.

The World Learns THERE are, just as there always have been, two theories of prosperity first, cheap production through low wages; second, increased consumption through high wages. , We Americans not only have pursued the latter theory, but have enjoyed a, great advantage in doing so, because of our superior machinery. Right now it looks as though the rest of the world were going in for the former theory, with the benefit of our machinery to boot. The competition threatened by Soviet Russia is made possible by such improved equipment as American tractors on the one hand, and by such a low wage scale as the bare necessities of life on the other. England with a wage scale only about half as high as our, is considering a 10 per cent cut, to which even the labor government is said to be reconciled. While we insist on going to and from work in autos, English workmen ride bicycles, while Germans, French and Russians walk. Not only that, but they spend the difference for the best and most Up-to-date machinery that can be had. Worse still, they are borrowing wliole pages from our tariff book and telling other people to do likewise. tt tt a Kindergarten Thinking AS one of the forgotten millions, I think these are some of the things congress should be worrying about. Before we get our unemployed back to work, we either are going to develop more foreign trade than now is in sight, or find a better scheme of living off one an other than we yet have been able to devise. This idea that industry rotates like the earth and that we are at the bottom of a cycle which presently will right itself, without greater efforts on our part than to establish soup kitchens here and there, or providing temporary work with borrowed money, might do credit to a kindergarten, but it hardly suggests statesmanship. The most obvious cycle which we Americans are afflicted is brought about by childish attempts to hog it all one moment and equally childish attempts to correct things with a lot of sob-sister philanthropy the next. Much of the philanthropy is genuine, but some of it'runs to advertising, some to vanity and some to politics, while far too little of it recognizes the all-important idea of giving people a better chance to help themselves. The predominating thought appears to include anything and everything except the production of self-sufficient, self-supporting men and women. Maybe the machine age, as we call it, has made them unnecessary. Maybe we have come to a point where no one needs to think of more than getting a job and staying on a pay roll, but, if so, what’s the answer to Communism? Communism gives every one a i job and keeps every one on a pay roll. No unemployment in Russia, yet who would swap it for America, even in these hard times?

Questions and Answers

Why is It necessary to obtain permission of the copyright owner to broadcast music over the radio? Because the courts have ruled that under the copyright act of 1909 broadcasting is a public performance for profit. What does a rose symbolize? Love, grace and beauty. How old is Edna Wallace Hopper? She was born Jan. 17, 1874. Where is Floyd Collins of Sand Cave fame buried? His body was removed from the cave in April. 1925, and is buried on a small hill overlooking Crystal Cave, Ky. How long do canaries live? Sometimes for fifteen or sixteen years.

la Wm r ¥ \ [I S JJ ,J „ .LTilffl * ** ****** '*'^ v —-~~--' '■ ' w. >.■ ■—•" ■ —■ ■—■ ■—•" "•-*** ■+ ->* ,. m '.~.m s -■■ ■■' '■i .■ ■ ■ —■—■———

Lead Extremely Dangerous to Health

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor. Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. LEAD is one of the most dangerous metals to human health and life of which we khow. It is dangercus not only because of the wide variety of uses to which it is put, but also because of the seriousness of the conditions that it causes when taken into the body. After four years of supervision of men employed in making storage batteries, Dr. C. A. Wells finds that such symptoms as a metallic taste in the mouth, a blue line of the gums, a dull color of the skin, and changes in the blood will occur frequently among such workers. In their case they inhale lead dust at various stages of the process of manufacture. It is necessary in the treatment of people who have taken a considerable amount of lead into Ahe body to get the lead out in some manner. The investigator finds that a diet

Times Readers Voice Their Views

Editor Times—For some time the pupils of Washington high school have been permitting the majority of the citizens of Indianapolis to remain ignorant of the fact that there really is a magnificent high school on the west side. May of our teachers and pupils have been confronted with this question: “Where do you teach?” or “Where do you go to school?” The answer, of course, is “Washington high school.” The next question is: “Where is Washington high school?” It would be to the advantage of the citizens of Indianapolis to wake up, and find out about the high school built and paid for by them and their money. One teacher of Washington has related the following experience. She was asked by a friend where she taught, and the friend was told “Washington high school.” And the sad thing about it was: The friend said, “Do you come home for the week-end?” Os course, the teacher saw what was running through the mind of the friend, and politely told her that a school known as George Washington high school was on the west side. The friend said that was the first time she ever had heard of it. Os course, when Washington first was completed it was excusable for the people to be ignorant of the fact that a high school was on the west side and to talk only of Manual, Shortridge, and Tech, since they were all older schools. Like Paul Revere, I cry, “Wake up!” in the course of a war for independence, but in this war there is to be no bloodshed. It is to be a war of independence for education and Washington. Aagain, citizens of Indianapolis, I ask you to wake up for the students of Washington high school today, are the citizens of tomorrow. A WASHINGTON STUDENT BOOSTER. Editor Times—When the subject of a bonus for the ex-service men of the World war first was discussed many arose to oppose it. Among those who voiced their disapproval was Secretary Mellon. Such proposition, said the secretary, would deplete the treasury, because a deficit already was anticipated. But instead of a deficit there was. as usual, a surplus away up in the millions.' Harking, however, to the swan song of Mr. Mellon, congress decided that instead of paying the boys a bonus they would issue them one, 1 and what a bonus it was. If the boys can struggle along for some twenty years they may get it—that! is, if another Mr. Mellon does notj rise up to save the treasury from ruin. At the time this pacifier was :ut over on the ex-service men the Veterans of Foreign Wars called it a graveyard bonus, and we still call it a graveyard bonus. The V. F. W., at its national encampment, adopted a resolution called for cash payment now on these twenty-year bonus certificates. We still are strongly of the opinion that there is nothing too good for the men''Who left home and country to fight a war to end wars. We still believe that the World war

A Non-Refillable Bottle

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE

with a considerable amount of calcium will get the lead deposited as a form of phosphate and relieve an acute condition. Later a low calcium diet with various other salts will result in deleading the patient. One of the most serious forms of lead poisoning is that resulting from anti-knock gases, such as ethyl gas, which contains tetraethyl lead as the most toxic substance. In the United States, pumps, tanks, or other vessels containing ethyl gasoline must be clearly labeled to indicate that the contents are to be used only for fuel and not for cleaning or other purposes. * Used as a fuel under strict precautions, ethyl gas is safe, but for any other purpose its risks are considerable. The manufacture of tetra-ethyl lead when properly controlled is not harmful to the workers When the manufacture first was attempted, several workers were poisoned because of slips in the process.

veteran is entitled to a little more consideration, and most certainly is entitled to the cash bonds on these graveyard certificates. We serve notice now that we are going to do everything in our power to get the cash on these certificates this winter for the world war veterans. Surely a country with an estimated wealth of $400,000,000,000 should not let her veterans go jobless and penniless. A little justice and less charity for America’s defenders is what we want. ARTHUR G. GRESHAM. Editor Times—l am wondering if you are taking any part in the bill concerning child welfare which was taken up a few days ago. I have an example to show how badly a bill of this kind is needed. My 17-year-old girl, the oldest of four children, had fever when she was 8 months old and never has been able to walk. We thought, of course, the Riley hospital would take her and had no doubt they could cure her, but we were disappointed, inasmuch as they did not take the case. We just had about given up hope when a hospital in a different state told us it could cure her, and when we had all arrangements made for her to go, her father lost his job, which he had held for about seven year3. Our state hospitals won’t treat her and we have no money to go outside the state. This bill surely would be welcome to such people as we are. MRS. HOWARD NOFTSINGER. Editor Times —Just one question about this prohibition argument and the honorable man who has a right unquestionably to chastise Christ. Who dares sit up and say to us that He gave to us that which

LANIER’S BIRTH February 3

ON Feb. 3, 1842, Sydney Lanier, American musician and poet, was bom at Macon, Ga. _ After graduating from Oglethorpe college he served as tutor there for a year before he entered the Confederate army at the outbreak of the Civil war. The war over, he returned to his home to study and then practice law with his father. At this period his two dominant passions, poetry and music, overmastered him, and he decided to give up law. He went to Baltimore and obtained a position as first flute in the Peabody Symphony orchestra. His literary ability was noticed when he gave lectures on English literature. He formed a helpful literary friendship with Bayard Taylor. In 1879 Lanier was appointed lecturer on English literature at Johns Hopkins university. He died two years later from consumption. Lanier stands in the front rank of the American poets of the last quarter of the nineteenth century.

There is little lead hazard today in the painting industry, particularly since investigations made several years ago have resulted in establishment of proper safeguards. Another hazard from lead arises from enameling with lead or metal. Enameling powders contain about 66 per cent of the red oxide of lead and men who plunge the metals to be enameled into the powder, or who sprinkle the powder over the hot metal are likely to get a considerable amount of the lead dust into their lungs. Many men working in such industries suffer from lead colic, and changes in the red blood cells resulting from lead were found in 90 per cent of those at work. Fortunately, industrial physicians are quite aware of the dangers which ma;, arise in ail occupations involving contact with lead, and they constantly are at work to control such hazards as fully as 'possible.

is not good for us, and even though He gave it to us, mere mortal man may correct Christ and take it away from us? My question Is: Do two wrongs make one* right? Government run speakeasies? Where the government itself buys, sells, drinks and gives away what it prosecutes civil citizens for even handling in their own homes? , If I were a lazy man, I’d ask no better job than to be a speakeasy runner for prohibition government, with sporting money, booze money and salary. That would sure be fine. \ M. E. T. Editor Times —To the everlasting credit of the Indiana senate, it voted 31 to 15 to let the old age pension law live, despite the declaration of Senator John L: Niblack of Marion county that it “should be killed at once, so we can get down to important legislation.” For the senator’s information, the Fraternal Order of Eagles, which has 35,000 members in Indiana, in addition to many thousands of others who support it in the fight for decent treatment of old men and women, considers the old age pension bill the most important matter before the general assembly. For more than a century, Indiana has condemned the aged, whether sane or insane, sick or well, to the disgrace of the poorhouse, if they were without funds and unable to work. Thousands of Hoosier citizens believe that sort of thing is a disgrace to the state, or to any other civilized community, for that matter. What in- the senator’s estimation was important legislation, passage of a $150,000 appropriation bill to pay expenses of the session, seemed to go through easily. Give old men and womfn a break, senator. The poorhouse was founded in England, 300 years ago. This is 1931. WILBUR H. MILLER. 408 North Forrest street.

Nothing More Important The health and well-being of your children undoubtedly is the most important single thing in life to you as a parent. Our Washington Bureau has ready for you a comprehensive and authoritative bulletin, draw nfrom United States government sources, on CHILD HEALTH. It gives in understandable language general rules for finding and recognizing common ailments and physical defects in children, so tht competent medical assistance can be called In before such defects or ailments have time to do permanent and perhaps irreparable damage. If you have a child or children, this bulletin may mean a great deal to you. Fill out the coupon below and send for it. CLIP COUPON HERE Dept. 114, Washington Buerau The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York avenue, Washington, D. C. I want a copy of the bulletin CHILD HEALTH, and inclose herewith 5 cents in coin or uncanceled United States postage stamps to cover return postage and handling costs: * NAME STREET AND NO m CITY STATE lam a daily reader of r Indianapolis Times. (Code No.)

FEB. 1931

SCIENCE —BY DAVID DIETZ—

Skeptical Scientist to Make Further Tests in Experiment Bearing on Einstein Theory. DR. DAYTON C. MILLER, head of the physics department of Case School of Applied Science in Cleveland, is preparing to make a final test of the famous MichelsonMorlcy experiment, the experiment upon which Einstein’s theory of relativity originally was founded. Unusual Interest attaches to the test because Professor Einstein is in the United States at the present time, conferring with Professor Michelson himself and other relativity experts at the California Institute of Technicology and the Mt. Wilson observatory in Pasadena, Cal. Dr. Miller steadfastly has refused to accept the interpretation of the Michelson-Morley experiment which Einstein made, an interpretation accepted by the followers of relativity B*hd apparently by Michelson himself. Dr. Miller said today that he hopes to complete his present series of experiments by spring and to report upon them at the annual meeting of the National Academy of j Science In Washington in April. He indicated that he might decide to make this his last report ; upon the experiment, leaving it to ; future experimenters to carry on the I work from that point. The experiment gets its name from the fact that it first was performed by Michelson and the late Professor Edward W. Morley. That was in Cleveland in 1887. tt tt tt Sensitive Device r T'HE Michelson-Morley experiA ment was performed with a device invented by Michelson, known as the Interferometer. Tills Is an extremely sensitive device, capable of measuring amazingly email changes in the speed of light. Purpose of the experiment was to see if there was a difference in the measured speed of light in different sections. Such difference would result from the earth’s motion through the ether of space and give results from which the earth’s motion through the ether could be calculated. The experiment failed to give the resu’t which was anticipated on the basis of the earth’s revolution around the surt. Physicists in general assumed therefore that the experiment had given a negative effect. Einstein, in his special theory of relativity, first announced in 1905, makes the generalization that no experiment is possible which will yield a measurement of absolute motion. This leads to the cardinal principle of relativity, that all motion is relative to the observer. But while the world of science in general accepted the verdict that the Michelson-Morley experiment had given a negative result, Dr. Miller has refused to accept this verdict. Dr. Miller succeeded Dr. Michelson as professor of physics at Case school and repeated the experiment with Dr. Morley in 1906. He subsequently repeated the experiments many times himself, beginning a series of experiments in 1921 which has taken the major portion of his time during the past ten years. a tt tt Great Steel Cross THE interferometer, the apparatus with which the MichelsonMorley experiment is conducted, consists of a great steel cross with arms sixteen feet long, floated horizontally on a pool of mercury. A system of mirrors splits a beam of light in half and sends each half back and forth along an arm of the cross. The two halves are reunited in the eye-piece, where they cause a series of light and dark bands known, as interference fringes. According to the theory of the experiment, a motion of the earth through the ether of space should cause a shift of the fringes back and forth as the cross is revolved The principal shift is one which occurs back and forth in each half rotation of the cross. This is the one which Dr. Miller has studied in the last ten years. The experiment is difficult to perform. As the cross is rotated, it is necessary to walk around with it, taking sixteen readings of the position of the fringes in the eyepiece during every revolution. Dr. Miller has made 175,000 readings in the last ten years, walking a distance of 125 miles around the interferometer to do so. Due to ether drift, there also should be a second effect in the fringes, a shift which occurs once in a complete revolution Dr. Miller says that he lias noted this fringe, but never has made actual measurements of it. He proposes to do this in the series of experiments between now and spring.

Daily Thought

* Now, therefore, our God, we thank thee, and praise thy glorious name.—l Chronicles 29:13. Our whole life should speak forth our thankfulness.—R. Libbes.