Indianapolis Times, Volume 42, Number 228, Indianapolis, Marion County, 31 January 1931 — Page 4

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Always On Hand If any citizen were unconvinced of the necessity of placing some curb upon the holding companies for public utilities, he need doubt no longer. Experience has taught the people that when the bankers unanimously agree on the merit of a public utility problem, the public is about to be gyped. The bankers in the past have backed with the same unanimity every proposal of utilities which when successful have burdened the people and when killed have later been demonstrated to be unfair and onerous. The bankers indorsed the terms of the light merger whose conduct is now a matter of concern to merchants who borrow money from bankers. The bankers lined up with the proposed Insull merger in the state, but the people rebelled. They were for the proposed street car reorganization. Asa matter of fact they have always been on hand when any public utility wanted anything, no matter how unfair it may have been to the public. Almost it would seem that they permit their dollars to do their thinking for them on such matters. The passage of the holding company measure may not be the way to get at the unearned profits of such of these companies as are organized to keep secret the amount of plunder they take. The assertion that it is legally impossible to control them may be right, for the utilities have a canny way of knowing what courts will say when the utilities appeal for protection. ’ But the public now knows that some of these companies are in actuality fences for loot. Possibly the present law would permit a commission that was really intent on protecting public interest to get all the facts from the books of the individual utilities whose stock is held by the corporate parent. If that be true, the reorganization of the present public service commission, with its membership running the gantlet of either house or senate approval, may be the way out. For Civil Liberties Let it be hoped that in the great mass of proposed legislation the lawmakers will not overlook two measures designed to protect the civil liberties of the people. One of these laws, interesting to newspapers especially, because it defends the guarantee of an uncensored press, would take away the arbitrary power of judges to send to prison those who criticise judges The othe. important to labor organizations, would prevent the use of injunctions in labor disputes. Judge have usurped the power to punish for criticism. They have sent many fearless editors to jail. In such cases, under the guise of protecting the courts from outside influences, they have punished those who have exposed their own failures to give justice. They become accusers, prosecutors, judges and executioners. Fairness of trial is an impossibility. The proposal merely would give to the accused a trial before an impartial judge, if such can be secured.' The other measure affects more people and, in times of labor disputes, would protect them against an arbitrary refusal of the constitutional guarantee of trial by jury. One of the devices of unfair employers in disputes is to obtain a broad injunction, prohibiting workers from doing anything that interferes with the operation of business. Any act or speech by any worker thereafter becomes the basis of a jail sentence for contempt. There are laws on the statute books which make crimes of any act which could interfere improperly with any legitimate business. There are laws against violence and force. There are laws against assault. But in labor disputes, employers who resort to the injunction do not trust courts. They scorn the ancient right of trial by jury. They want a short, swift way to put their opponents into jail without trial. They reject the very foundations of our government. It is to correct this abuse and invasion of civil liberties that the limitations on use of injunctions is proposed. Every business man should be on hand to see that it is passed rather than to be there, as many will be, to oppose it. It will be more and more necessary that all disputes be settled by reason, not force. Oppression in any form is chipping at the foundation rocks of our institution. Refusal of constitutional guarantees is s sure way to greater perils. Studying the Federal Courts Now we are to have a national study of law administration in the federal courts of the United States, and under plans approved by President Hoover’s national commission on law observance and enforcement. Law schools of twelve universities will conduct units of research, each in its own locality. The work will be supervised by a commission made up of deans of the twelve law schools. And that’s one trouble with the survey—it is to be made by lawyers. As all federal courts are presided over by Judges and all Judges have to b lea wyrse fore they can become Judges, this is to be a study of law and lawyers by themselves. What we really need is a study of law administration by psychiatrists, for the administration of law by any particular court depends largely upon how the individual mind of one two-legged human being, who happens by political appointment to be a judge, works. When we know the mental bias of a judge, we generally can anticipate how he will interpret the law under given circumstances. For example, it isn’t difficult to figure out the prejudice of a federal judge on any prohibition law if the Anti-Saloon League, through its political pull, got him his job. It would be the same if he got on the bench through brewers or distillers. Those who interest themselves in procuring judicial appointments know how a candidate's mind, works •pfore they indorse him. And as reactionary* inter-

The Indianapolis Times <A SCRIPPS-HOWABD VEWBFAFER) Owned and published daily (except Sunday) by The Indianapolia Times Publishing Cos., 214-220 Weat Maryland Street. Indianapolis. Ind. Pric* in Marion County. 2 cents a copy: elsewhere. i cent*—delivered by carrier, 12 cents a week. BOTD GURLEY. * ROY W. HOWARD. FRANK G MORRISON. Editor President Business Manager PHONE—Riley 8051 SATURDAY. JAN. 31. 1831. Member of United Press. Scrlppa-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. ‘‘Give Light and the People Will B’md Their Own Way.”

ests generally put up party campaign funds, we can understand why most federal judges are reactionary. The public seldom has opportunity to see the whels go round in a lawyer’s head before he gets on the bench, but you can gamble that those who get him his Job know Just what kind of a judge they want and are getting—and how he will administer the law. , So that surveying commission ought to have on it some psychiatrists, an alienists of two, some good newspaper reporters, at least one neurologist, a humorist and possibly one racketeer. The Wickersham Report , That Wickersham report ought to be useful in more ways than one. To begin with, it is meaty reading—that is, the body of the report. That factfinding gives mighty little solace for the profesisonal and fanatical drys, and just as little hope that the states will do the enforcing and help put the thing over, or that those who believe in temperance ever will submit to having prohibition by federal flat rammed down their reluctant throats. The more conscientious but not fanatical drys read and digest the findings of the commission, the more they will become convinced that it was a great mistake to jam a police ordinance into the Constitution, and to try to regulate individual appetite and habit with a federal police force. Every charge against prohibition made during the last ten years is substantiated by the report, and while the names of such lobbies as the Anti-Saloon League, the W. C. T. U., the Methodist Board, etc., and other dry organizations are omitted, still their political activities as organizations come in for a castigation they can’t get away from. There’s another reason why the report is valuable. It has made the entire country talk so loudly about prohibition that people are geting their minds off the depression and are not talking about it all the time. When they forget It, they will wake up some fine morning and find it isn’t there. And while Sim Fess and other yes men are keeping Hoover’s mind open and trying to put soft cushions under him so he can sit on that rail fence until next year, the tide keeps rising against the eighteenth amendment. Hoover’s out isn’t another commission, but submission of the amendment, or its repeal, to state conventions. He then can let the conflicting winds blow freely through his open mind until after the states get through voting. Behind the Breadline Cycles of depression do not just happen. There is a story behind every breadline. The striking difference between the current depression and all that have gone before in our national history is that today thoughtful people in every walk of life are looking behind the breadlines. As late as 1021, our collective attitude toward depression was the same toward earthquakes and hurricanes. If bad times were not what the legalists call an act of God,” they at least were something quite as far beyond political control. But not so in 1930. America has matured a bit in her economic thinking and now regards depressions as effects. The nation now is searching seriously for causes. Nor has the overproduction myth satisfied. Intelligent men and women still do not believe that too much wheat is the basic cause of widespread hunger, too much coal the cause of shivering, too much building the explanation of so many inadequately sheltered. “Overproduction” is being interpreted to mean “underconsumption.” After some fourteen months, expert opinion concerning the economic stagnation is crystallized upon the era of frenzied stock market speculation which ended so disastrously in October, 1929. Presented first by the academic economists, this explanation now is confirmed by such organs of finance as The Magazine of Wall Street, Moody’s Investors’ Pocket Manual and The Financial World. Recent compi’ations from such authoritative spokesmen for the Street reveal that the gross shrinkage in outstanding stocks of twenty-five market leaders during the last fifteen months aggregated a little more than twenty billion dollars. Seven stocks lost more than a billion dollars each, two of them shrinking more than two billions each. When President Green of the American Federation of Labor appeared before a senate committee to urge passage of the Wagner bills, he estimated the total loss of wages due to unemployment during the previous year at about three billion dollars; “a volume of purchasing power,” he added, “whicn more than represents the spread between normal business and depression.

REASON by F ” CK

THERE’S a lot of agitation about changing the calendar and having thirteen months instead of twelve. What we want to know about this proposed change is this—will it make any difference to us fellows who are engaged in the ancient and honorable business of renewing notes? a a a And there’s another thing we should consider, and it is that if we make this change, it’s up to us to name this new month with great care. Not knowing just where it would come in the procession, we can’t settle on any name now’. a a a FIRST of all, we will have to keep our eyes peeled, or Secretary Wilbur will name it after Hoover. He named the great dam out in Arizona after him, you know, when nobody was looking. a a a , Yes. sir, this new month should be named only after the greatest deliberation. If it's a cold month we should call it Coolidge, and if it’s a hot one we could do no better than call it Clara Bow. a a a If it’s a wet month, we ought to call it Raskob, and if it’s a dry month, we should call it Simeon Fess. If it’s a windy month, it would be very hard to settle on any one name, for there are so many senators who have earned the distinction. a a a THE other day Senator Ashurst, who hails from the densely populated commonwealth of Arizona, proposed that Uncle Sam go down in his jeans and purchase from Mexico the long „.'.m hectic peninsula of Lower California. a a a The Mexicans became all “het up” about such a proposal, regarding it as an affront to their national honor and they retorted by proposing to buy a hunk of the U. S. A. But the Mexicans are too late to accomplish anything of this nature. They should have proposed this when Fall was. secretary of the interior. a a a Some are born great, while others achieve greatness by not wearing a necktie to. a presidential reception, as for instance the Hcagrable Joseph W. Tolbert of South Carolina, sahr

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

If Our Cities and Towns Had. Taken Washington as a Model in This Business Crisis, Where Would We Be? SACRAMENTO, Cal., Jan. 31. Continued glamor at Washington. Senate Just bound to appropriate that $25,000,000, even if it has to spend half for an organization to distribute it. President Hoover equally stubborn in his opposition. Red Cross Chairman Payne won’t take the money under any circumstance. “Politics,” yells Fighting Joe Robinson from Arkansas, calling for a row to the end. “Politics yourself,” yells back the administration crowd. Wets claiming great victory because that $50,000 for dry propaganda didn’t get by. Drys claim* ing greater victory because ten times as much for purchasing liquor as evidence and running government speakeasies to trip bootleggers did get by. Everybody waiting to see whether those three members of the power board can draw their pay, and argue about it to kill time. Everybody doing his best to get crosswise with everybody else. World court ditched, extra session threatened and 5,000,000 still out of work. Some contrast to the quiet, effective efforts of the folks back home. Common Sense Shown IT’S not very pleasant and it’s not very helpful to criticise one’s government, especially in times like these, but if the people in our cities and towns had taken Washington for a model, where would we be? The only thing that has saved this country from a monumental disaster is the steadiness of its local institutions, the fine common sense displayed by those close enough to actual conditions to realize what they implied and what had to be done. No one can travel across this country without marveling at the patience and intelligence with which people everywhere are laying aside their differences, or refraining from stirring up unnecessary commotion. They would like to carry on as usual, of course, like to keep up the sham battle of politics, or play the gameof business rivalry. But they have seen too much not to realize the folly of it. From Maine to California you find them, not making the depression an excuse for factional fights or frittering away their time in useless controversy, but doing everything they can to obtain co-operation. a tt The People Are 'Solid’ BY all the rules, we should have had rioting before this, and by all the rules we would have had it but for the decency of our people. Heaven knows there has been suffering enough and disappointment enough. If our people had been that kind, they could have found plenty of reasons to raise cain. They aren’t that kind, and nothing proves it so vividly as what they are going through and the way they are enduring it. Like many another, I usee', to be alarmed at the chronic boilover of discontent, used to imagine that it might mean real danger in the face oi some crisis. I’m all over ft. This depression has restored my faith completely in the average American, who seems to know when it’s safe to holler and when it’s time to shut up. Only at the nation’s Capitol, and where you would least expect it, does the same old caterwauling continue, or the game of partisan politics goes on uninterruptedly, u n u Washington Fails Us ISAY “partisan politics,” advisedly, because everybody is charging the other fellow with it, and everybody can’t be wrong. Maybe, it’s essential to the operation of a democracy. Maybe we should lose the knack of running this government, if party leaders were to stop their campaigning and stump speaking, even for one winter. But it certainly is a good thing that the plain people, or even the lesser political lights in their towns, cities and states, don’t feel called upon to follow suit. I am not one of those who pretend to know just what Washington should do regarding every detail, but I am convinced that if the average city, town or state had taken Washington as a model, we would be far worse off than we are. We have heard a great deal from Washington concerning what ought to be done for relief, but we have heard ten times as much by way of futile argument that prevented it from being done. Whether the senate ever appropriates that $25,000,000, it’s just as well that our hungry folks didn’t have to wait for it, So, too, it’s just as well that our towns and states have found it possible to start some work without waiting fo r the federal government to get around. And, best of all, it’s just as well that private business and volunteer committees took this thing serious enough to get busy long ago.

SCHUBERTS BIRTH Jan, 31 ON Jan. 31, 1797, Franz Schubert, a famous Austrian composer, was bom at Vienna, the son of a poor schoolmaster. At 11 Franz became a singer in the court choir and later leading violinist in the school band. At 14 he began writing songs and at 18 his supreme gift of lyric melody was revealed in ’’The Ereking,” one of the world’s most dramatic songs, written by him in a single day. His brief life, spent chiefly in the drudgery of teaching, was harassed by financial embarrassment and embittered by the slow recognition accorded his works. Schubert’s fame rests upon his songs, some 600 in number. “Os the modem song,” writes a critic, “Schubert not only is the originator, but, to this very day, the unsurpassed master . . Had Schubert written nothing but these songs, he still would be among the immortals.”

BELIEVE IT or NOT

ADOLF L.OOSB Patis.Hl found 'N anwypTiAN !v, JW HAS WORM THLJAME MuMMy-^ASE -4000 yrt o/s' IgS OVERCOAT FOR 2.7 YEARS #1931. Kift# Feature* Syndicate. \nc- Gf*t Britain right* reserved. ITS'I* J-Jt

Following is the explanation of Ripley’s “Believe It or Not,” which appeared in Friday’s Times: Shakespeare Never Saw An Actress —Until 1660 the English theater was an exclusively masculine organization. Men and boys enacted all the roles. The heroine usifally was acted by a beardless boy, while older feminine characters would be represented by fully grown men. The England of Shakespeare’s time placed actors in the same cate-

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Insulin Proves Value in Saving Lives

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor, Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. SINCE introduction of insulin in 1923, medical men generally have realized the great importance of this remedy for the saving of life and for the conferring of usefulness on numerous persons who previously would have been invalided by the disorder. Recently Drs. L. F. Wendt and F. B. Peck have reviewed more than 1,000 cases, studied from 1919 to 1929. Thus there is a comparison posisble of what has been accomplished by the new method of treatment, introduced in 1923. Os the 1,073 cases, 315 were treated with insulin. By proper control of diet, it is

IT SEEMS TO ME “§s„T

WHEN Gandhi first began his campaign bf non-resistant opposition to British rule, there were those who applauded him and those who scoffed. Only a few felt that there was anything practical and potentially victorious in the effort. Almost the best that was said by friends on this side of the water was that the frail old man was making a gallant gesture. And even this somewhat patronizing support was limited to a tiny minority. From right and left the Indian leader was riddled. The Communists called him a milksop, because he fought without benefit of bombs, and to the Conservative he was a crank and possibly a calculating faker. But Gandhi has won. The fact can not be denied. It is true that any settlement now in sight will be less sweeping than his desire. But nothing can be done now that does not mark an advance over the tyranny against which he fought. tt tt tt Better Than Guns AND the word “fought” is used advisedly. An armed rebellion by the natives of India would have caused vast bloodshed and turmoil, out I don’t see how anybody can question the ability of the British to put down such an uprising. Even an attacking multitude can not prevail against a few machine guns well administered. But no technique has ever been devised to halt the progress of unarmed men who advance relentlessly. Os course, they, too, may be shot down, but the killing merely intensifies the validity and power of the opinion which they serve. One of the most dramatic happenings in the whole Indian campaign was a march of great bearded Sikhs—men trained to arms—who stood passively while the police beat them unconscious with their staves. Indeed, the police confessed themselves powerless to stay such a demonstration because they had neither the stomach nor the heart to go on striking down men who would not fight back. Against the pleas and the orders of Gandhi, the revolt at times broke out into flurries of violence, but in every case where rebels turned aggressive, the cause lost ground. The backbone of the triumph lives in the conduct of the non-resistants. In spite of this popularity of Mr. Chesterton, as a writer, it is hard for the public in general to grasp the essentfcl vitality of paradoxes.

On request, sent with stamped addressed envelope, Mr. Ripley will furnish proof of anything depicted by him.

gory with vagrants and malefactors. A woman on the stage would have invited the mesfc summary treatment on the part of the civil authorities and the audience. Not until after the restoration did English public opinion of the theater become more liberal. Signature of the Almighty—The Hebrew word “Emeth” (Truth) is considered to be the signature of the Almighty. Beginning with the first and ending with

not necessary to use large amounts of this substance, and these investigators believe it is better to use smaller doses, repeated at more frequent intervals if necessary. The Investigators find that there has been an increasing mortality from diabetes because of the fact that there are more cases of the disease and that they are more severe in recent years than formerly. The general death rate from diabetes continues to rise in spite of insulin, but there has been a decline in the death rate of persons below 19. The total number of deaths below 40 years of age also shows a slight decline. However, from 40 years onward the death rate is rising, for the simple reason that hardening of the arteries and gangrene, as com-

We never have given more than casual assent to the ancient injunction that those who live by the sword shall perish by it. tt tt There to See BUT now the truth lies • spread out for us to understand and assimilate. No power of gun or court or prison is great enough to extirpate the pressure of an idea. It is a literal truth, and not mere sentimentality, which holds that’ the meek are capable of conquest Issues always are clouded when shots ring out. Only gangsters and imperialists; believe that problems can be settled with a rat-tat-tat-tat. Limitations have been placed by some observers upon the wisdom of Gandhi and upon the scope of his intelligence. Those who find him marred by caste consciousness and a naive belief in the hand loom as an instrument of salvation may be quite correct. To me it seems fairly trivial if j he is wrong-headed about many I things, since he lias demonstrated! that he is so overwhelmingly right about one. With a wave of the hand he could have set civil war in motion, but he did not. He could have massed his millions into futile and bloody frontal attack upon intrenched battalions. He might even have been seduced by the notion of attempting to set himself up as an Oriental Napoleon. But he was wiser. “The little old man wore only his usual homespun loin cloth and a thin cotton shawl over his shoulders. He was thin and worn.” I quote from a newspaper dispatch describing the Indian leader as he was smuggled out of jail by the authorities and driven to a tiny railroad station late at night. To our eyes the picture is somewhat ludicrous. And even those who must realize that the fight of Gandhi is no laughing matter may have some sense that this frail figure in a shawl seems pathetic when contrasted with the might, the power and the pomp of the British Empire. But the fact remains that Mahatma Gandhi brok2 the British square. Lines which had held against gas and guns and tanks were powerless to stop the crusade of one who wisped against them, carrying in his hands no weapon but conviction.

\t Registered O. 8. O V l atent Office RIPLEY

the last letter of the Hebrew alphabet, it symbolizes God’s etemalness. The Sages of the Talmud narrate that, on frequent occasions, scrolls fell from heaven, inscribed with this word (the autograph of the Almighty) in answer to prayers. The Alpha and Omega of the church is derived from this Hebrew word. See: Talmud Yoma, 69, b. Monday—“ The Valley Where Snow Falls Up Instead of Down.”

plications of diabetes, make the condition very serious. Particularly serious to a diabetic is increased weight. The age of obesity, the investigators say, is the age of diabetes, of hardening of the arteries and gangrene. Hardening of the arteries is the most difficult problem and is responsible for most of the rising death rate. If the patient with diabetes comes promptly under the care of a physician, if he follows the instruction as to diet and hygiene, and if he is treated properly by means of insulin and other vailable methods, his opportunity for life and for a useful existence is greater than ever before. But he must remember that insulin is not a cure for diabetes; it is a method of treatment which must be followed rigorously.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those of one of America’s most interesting writers and are nrcsented without recard to their aereemeit or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this Daper.—The Editor.

In Any Land TT may be said that such things can occur only in a land where modernity has tread but lightly. We of the western world have staked our hope of survival upon more tangible things than philosophy. In the Bethlehem of our creation great chimneys rear their heads and molten metal bubbles. Our aspirations have been expressed in tall towers for which we have coined the erroneous term skyscrapers. It is erroneous, for there still extends a vast domain beyond the top of the tallest turret. And it is true that even above the din of riveting and the flow of commerce a still small voice can be heard and must prevail. To each land there will come in its hour of need some little man, and he will flip aside with scornful finger all vast iniquities of brass and iron. (Copyright. 1931. by The Times) What does the prefix pan mean? It is derived from the Greek pas (pant-) and means all. Pan-Amer-ica is all-America.

For the Sweet Tooth Delicious, unique and appealing sweet things of all kinds—how to make them and hov to serve them—you will find full instructions in the eight bulletins on Sweets which are offered by our Washington Bureau in one of its famous grouped packets. The titles of these bulletins are: 1. Cakes and Cookies. 5. Honey as Food. 2. Desserts of All Kinds. 6. Pies and Fancy Pastry. 3. Doughnuts and Crullers. 7. Apple Dishes. 4. Frozen Desserts. 8. Tea Cakes and Party Pastries. If you want this packet of eight bulletins fill out the coupon below and mail as directed: CLIP COUPON HERE, Department A-2, Washington Bureau The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York avenue, Washington, D .C. I want the packet of eight bulletins FOR THE SWEET TOOTH, and inclose herewith 25 cents in coin, money order or loose, uncanceled United States postage stamps, to cover return postage and handling costs: NAME STREET AND NO ~.. CITY STATE I am a reader of The_ Indianapolis Times. (Code No.)

JAN. 31, 1931

SCIENCE

BY DAVID DIETZ Nature Extremely Lavish and Man Stingy in Use of Porcer. NATURE has no efficiency engineer. That is the chief difference between nature’s way of doing things and man’s way qf doing things, sal’s Dr. C. E. K. Mees, director of research and development of the Eastman Kodak Company, points out. Man has been driven to efficiency methods because of the little power which he has been able to command. he says. Nature is prodigal of energy because her supply of it is so vast. Dr. Mees believes that the future will be changes in man’s methods as he learns to tap the great storehouses of energy of nature. “At the present time man-pro-duced power is very costly and we have to economize it to the greatest possible extent,” Dr. Mees says. “We can not transmit it to long distances, because to do so involves waste, and the natural order of things is that man always finds it necessary to avoid waste because his reserves are so imited, whereas in nature the waste is prodigious and the resources are unlimited. “In nature there are no efficiency engineers. If a factory were to start to produce fish, they would make tremendous efforts to insure that a large proportion of all the fish started reached the eventual market. A loss of 20 per cent in the process of production certainly would grieve the engineers of the factory, but, when nature produces fish, millions of eggs are laid, only a few thousand of which develop into fish at all, and only a few units into mature fish that can reproduce their kind.” XXX The Solar System NOT only processes here on earth, but in the solar system as well, illustrate the lavishness of nature’s methods, Dr. Mees tells. “If an engineer had organized the. solar system,” he continues, “he presumably would have tried to get a sun so arranged that its radiation was directed toward those of the planets that it was considered necessary to warm and that the remainder of its radiation was conserved. But the actual sun which warms us so efficiently radiates its energy in every direction and wastes, if we may use the word, two and a half million times as much energy as falls on the planets. “The whole of nature is made on this plan. Almost all the matter in the universe is at a temperature quite unsuitable for life; probably nearly all the matter is far too hot, and practically all the rest is far too cold. “The amount of matter in the whole universe which is at a temperature between the freezing and boiling points of water, in which range alone life as we know it is conceivable, is probably less compared with the matter in the universe than a single speck of dust compared with the earth. “If we could, for instance, break down matter and turn it into radiation, power would be available in limitless quantities, and we could afford to waste it as nature does. “We could warm our homes and propel our vehicles and run our machinery by radiation of which only a small proportion achieves the end that we desire and most of which was thrown away as far as actual utilization is concerned.” XXX Optimistic View PHYSICISTS are' divided in their opinion as to the possibility of tapping nature’s store of energy. Dr. R. A. Millikan, for example, thinks that we never will get any supply of energy by disrupting atoms. Others point out that the energy released in the stars comes from a type of heavy atom which does not exist here on earth. This is the view of Sir James Jeans, who calls these heavy atoms “lucid atoms.” Dr. Mees, however, feels that we may as well be optimistic. “It is incredible to me that sooner or later we shall not And some method of tapping the sources of power which are the ultimate sources of the universe,” he says. The future supply of chemical materials for the human race therefore depends primarily upon the supply of coal, and while the quantity of those which can be used is limited, since the size of the earth itself is limited, it is very large. “Nobody can make any accurate estimate of the time for which the coal supplies will last us, but it must be measured in hundreds of years if not in thousands, and to be concerned aboi u the future supply of a material available for so long calls to one’s mind the concern of the British people a little more than a hundred years ago, when they were afraid that the oak necessary for the building of battleships would bo exhausted. “Until the exhaustion of a material is within one hundred years, it is unnecessary and often undesirable to be concerned about it. The probability is that, by the time the world is running out of its coal supply, some other source of power will have been found.”