Indianapolis Times, Volume 42, Number 215, Indianapolis, Marion County, 16 January 1931 — Page 6

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Free This City Every civic organization should be interested in securing the early passage of a law permitting this city to own, operate and control its transportation system. Such a law will mean the difference between a free and a slave city. It will mean progress and growth instead of stagnation md possibly decay. Transportation is the lifeblood of commerce and industry in any large city. Private ownership has failed. It has left streaks of rust instead of tracks, junk instead of comfortable cars. The demand of the Insull interests, probably the best of operators, was so outrageous as to shock the conscience of all right thinking men and women. The one way out is for this city to own its transportation system, operate it on a nonpolitical basis, and save the city vast sums for this necessity. With the steady march of invention it becomes increasingly doubtful as to whether street cars will long be necessary. George Marott, veteran merchant, inveterate worker in behalf of civic good, a successful vendor of transportation, has suggested that the time is here to replace cars with busses. That suggestion offers one way out for the city. Such a system would cost much less than car lines. It is probably practical today and certainly will be very shortly, perhaps by the time the law is passed and the necessary financing by the city accomplished. If you want this city to grow, urge your legislative friends to hurry along such a law. Public ownership is inevitable when private ownership fails.

Lucas’ Political Morality Any lingering doubt of rank and file Republicans as to the fitness of Robert H. Lucas to serve as managing director of the Republican national committee may be dissipated by a letter just published by the New York World. In this letter, Lucas, former commissioner of internal revenue, apparently sought to enlist the aid of the army of internal revenue agents throughout the country to support Republicans in the November elections. There are some 12,000 internal revenue employes; most of them are forbidden by law to participate in politics, because they have civil service ratings. “You can not, of course, take an unduly active part in politics,’’ said Lucas’ letter, “but you can be of great help to me in keeping me advised of political conditions in your community. You are familiar with the political situation in your county and adjoining counties. "If you will write me from time to time, letting me know just what is going on politically, 6uch information will be of gj-eat value to me in my work.’’ If there is any single agency of the government that should not be turned into an adjunct of the Republican national committee, it is the bureau of Internal revenue, with its broad powers to grant material favors to influential and wealthy citizens in taxation. Indeed, there have been repeated charges that the bureau has been used politically, in the matter of tax refunds and abatements, and in other ways, and investigations have been made in congress. Lucas apparently lacks political morality. His recent activities against Senator Norris in Nebraska were enough to have demonstrated this. The President would do well to get rid of him. A Congressman Learns Hamilton Fish Jr. Ham Fish. Hamflsh. Current congressional Joke: Q. —What is a hamflsh. A.— It’s a red herring. Now this would be pretty good if it were basically true, but it is beginning to seem that it 1 not. First, let’s explain the joke, on the theory that you haven’t been reading the headlines concerning Congressman Fish and his hectic red hunt. Well, the idea back of the joke, is that the congressman, in all his wild dashing about the country seeking evidence of Russian Communist activities in the United States, merely has been drawing a red herring across the trail to distract our attention from wrongs that should be righted in our own country. Really, to get the joke, you have to spell red with a capital “R.” And you musn’t forget that Fish’s last name is Fish. You are entirely welcome. No trouble at all. Always glad to explain a joke. Biit, as said, there may be no truth in the Jest. Indications are that Representative Fish is perfectly serious in his red hunt. He apparently believes the menace is real and that we should do something about it. In any case, he has discovered a lot of things about his own country in the course of his official sleuthing, tilings a lot of people haven't known or thought about. Better Than Charity There might be no problem of public relief for unemployed today if employers regarded labor as a fixed charge upon Industry. This would imply that each industry should protect its labor no less than its stockholders in hard times. Failure of capital to accept this responsibility to labor explains the great paradox of 1930, when national dividends distributed were as large or larger than in prosperous 1929, while the national wage distribution was calamitously less. Not only labor was the victim. All business suffered because labor, the great consuming mass, was too poor to buy goods. The depression is not due to a shortage of wealth. There is more wealth in the country than ever before—but it is in fewer pockets. The basic cause of the depression is the uneven distribution of this wealth. To provide funds for its workers in hard times and to keep up their purchasing power as consumers, the General Tire and Rubber Company of Akron has announced a unique and interesting experiment. In declaring a special dividend, it gave stockholders only half of the total, setting aside an equal amount as an employment fund to prevent layoffs and to provide loans for workers who are laid off. "Workers who need their wages in winter months to buy fuel, food and shelter will be given moio steady deployment through the dull winter months through

The Indianapolis Times (A ICBIPPB-HOWAKD .VEWBPAPER) Owned end published dally (except Bunday) by The Indlanapolla Titnea Pnbllehlng Cos.. 214-220 AVeat Maryland Street. Indianapolis. ltd. Price in Marion County. 2 centa a copy: elsewhere. 31 oMjtp—delivered by carrier. 12 cent* a week. BOYD GURLEY KOI W. HOWARD. FRANK G MORRISON. Editor President Business Manager PHONE—Riley MSI FRIDAY. JAN. 16. 1911, Member of United Press, Scrippa-Howard Newspaper Alliance. Newapaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

the use of this fund, which will help to absorb Interest charges and obtain business at the time when it can be handled to the most advantage," according to the company announcement "We do no- regard this as a philanthropic move nor do we have any Intention of indulging in any crack-brained theories. It Is simply a matter of good business." Certainly this is a hopeful experiment, even though It stops far short of making permanent employment a first charge upon Industrial profits, coming before any special dividends to stockholders. No loans to workers ever can take the place of wages. The difference between industry’s attitude toward its stockholders and its employes was stated at the recent meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science by Professor William M. Leiserson. Suggesting that one solution of unemployment would be the conversion of industry to regard wages as a legitimate “overhead” expense, he said: “In contrast to this doling out of dividends to investors in periods when their industries are not working or only partly working, consider what the same lousiness managements do to their wage earners. "During the first nine months of 1930, when dividends increased by more than $1,000,000,000 over 1929, the wages paid to working people declined by $8,000,000,000, according to the Standard Statistics Corporation. At present it is safe to say that the wages paid out to wage earners and salaried people in 1930 are lower by more than $10,000,000,000 compared with 1929. ‘The reason for this is plain. Working people are not overhead. Interest payments are fixed charges and dividends must be stabilized to maintain the value of the stocks, so managements must treat them as overhead charges. The magic is in that word ‘overhead.’ "If only working people could convince the directing managers of industry that their upkeep or subsistence is as much a fixed or overhead charge as the regular dividends on stock, they would not have to worry about unemployment.”

Ui)cle Joe Was a Piker Efforts will be made to force Nicholas Longworth from the speakership of the house of representatives, or to exact from him a pledge for liberalization of the rules under which the house operates, we are informed in dispatches from Washington. Republicans are said to be backing the movement. This is good news. Probably at no time in our history has the lower chamber been less of a deliberative body than at present. It is so rigged that a small group of reactionaries literally control, prevent free discussion, and permit passage of only such legislation as they approve. This dictatorship is led by Speaker Longworth, Republican Leader Tilson of Connecticut and Reprenentative Snell of New York, chairman of the rules committee. The present uprising recalls the fight against Cannonism twenty years ago. Cannonism became a national issue. Uncle Joe remarked before he died that the new ruling clique had gone farther than he ever dreamed of, and Uncle Joe was right. It has gone too far. The college grad who hasn’t yet found a job says he doesn’t want to take unfair advantage of the world and conquer it while it is in depression. Butter is said to be selling for $5 a pound in Moscow. And who will say the Russians deserve a pat on the back? An lowa man divorced his wife and then hired her as a cook. That’s one way to be sure she’ll leave him. The difference between an actor and a producer, observes the office sage, is that one has a role to play and the other a roll to pay. A man doesn’t have to be married long to come to the conclusion that women have very at;tiring dispositions. A British scientist predicts the world soon will go naked. Lots of folks already are living on bare necessities. “There’s a catch here somewhere," as the wrestler confidently said.

REASON bv

THE march of political confusion goes on at Wasnington, and he who would foretell the grand climax needs cards, old bones and cofee grounds to work with to do the job. a a a We wondered the other day if much of this senatorial turmoil might not be due to the fact that President Hoover has not had the bretnren down to breakfast with him as tne well-known columnist, Mr. Coolidge, was wont to do when he was laying a presidential foundation for a writing career.Mr. Coolidge, you know, was a wizard of sausage and pancakes. a a a And Mr. Coolidge was not a man to be a spendthrift of sausage or any kind of “vittles” for that matter. He regarded it as an investment, pure and simple. a a a HE had very persuasive sausage. After imbibing erne link thereof, his opponent would pause and reflect, and after the second link he was for the sage of Plymouth Notch for life. Dwight Morrow, you will remember, hypnotized the president of Mexico in similar fashion. a a a When Mr. Hoover came in we expected him to reach undreamed of possibilities via the gastronomical route, for he had fed all those’Belgians and we looked to him to pacify all turbulents with a bill of fare which would make all opposition hide its face in shame. a, a a But Mr. Hoover has not been food-minded. He has served no sausage, not even a hamburger; no, not even a dill pickle. And it’s just possible that the independent senators now seek to diorvee him on the well-ground grounds of failure to provide. a a a \ WE believe Mr. Hoover has overlooked a rare opportunity for stomach strategy. Sausage comes a little high, but if a gentleman of Mr. Coolilge's splendid restraint could serve it, then Mr. Hoover should find it easy to cut the chef loose and go the limit. a a a It would entail vast expense, but in extreme cases, such as the capture of a glittering gladiator, like Senator Borah, we believe it would have been well for Mr. Hoover to anticipate hi smonth’s salary and serve the sageof Idaho with a mess of liver. a a a Mr. Hoovor's apparent limitations in this ex lgency possibly arises from the fact that he served as secretary of commerce. Had he served as secretary of the interior he would have grasped the possibilities of thd kitchen.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

There Is Something About the Desert That Makes People Strong and Stubborn. GALLUP, N. M., Jan. 10.—Twen-ty-seven miles west of the'Continental Divide and 6,500 feet high. Surrounding hills create the iilusionment that you are down somewhere near sea level, but this is a land of illuslonment. You *iot only ought to realize it, but get a big thrill when you go over the ridge of the Rockies. The only thing that makes you aware of it is a sign by the roadside. So. too, you ought to discover a quaint, isolated, backward community, where no city of half a million is nearer than 900 miles, but you don’t. They were discussing the Mexican earthquake in Gallup on Thursday night, just like the rest of the country, and listening to the same radio skits. An Ancient Civilization YOU sense a little different atmosphere out here, however, even if it doesn’t run to lack of bathtubs, jazz, and tire troubles. For one thing, you feel the pull of the Pacific slope. The women’s hats and dresses you see on display are from Los Angeles, not New York. For another, you feel the influence of the oldest surviving civilization in North America, that of the Pueblo Indians. Strange is it not that our red predecessors should have gained their strongest foothold on the desert? One would have expected this to have happened on the fertile areas of the Atlantic coast or the great prairies, but the six nations practically hate vanished, while Isleta, Laguna, and Taos still stand much as they were when the first Spaniard found them.

Desert Gives Strength LAST week we saw the “sun dance” performed at Isleta, on the same plaza and to the same music that it has been performed by one generation after another for more than seven hundred years. The steps seemed simple enough, but they synchronized with four rhythms simultaneously, which is more than most white folks can do. There are 100 autos in the pueblo of Isleta, there are shops w’here experienced tradesmen bargain the tourist out of his eye teeth for rugs, arrowheads and silver dewdads, and there are young braves who regard the tribal ceremonies with suspicion, if not contempt, but they go steadily on, and even the skeptical are glad to look down from the roofs on which their ancestors stood more than forty generations ago. Say what you will, but there is something about the desert, with its exacting sterility, its bleak, but colorful ramparts, its usually blue and cloudless skies, its infrequent savage storms, that makes people strong and stubborn. Babylon was built on a desert, and Egypt is little more than a thin line of fertility flanked by two. tt tt tt They Love the Wastes WE Americans have been trained to look upon the desert as cruel and intractable, as' something to be avoided, or crossed with the greatest possible speed, but those few who have made their homes in it love it with a tenacity equal to the Pueblo Indians, and more are entering it all thd while. Archeologists—some of them at least—say that the desert once supported a vast population; that not thousands, but millions of people once lived in the territory now known as New Mexico, Arizona, and part of California. Boosters say that it could be made to do so again. All of which is very interesting, especially in view of the proposition to transfer 178,000,000 acres of desert from the federal government to the states. This proposition has led to much argument, particularly with reference to mineral rights. One side takes the position that, while it is all right for the government to transfer the surface of the land, it is all wrong to include the oil, gas, coal, silver, etc., that lie underneath. The other side, which means about everybody in the eleven states concerned, wants all, or nothing. Texas Shows Way AS might have been expected, the argument has brought out quite a little discussion over the relative merits of state and federal management, and that brings Texas into the picture. Texas did not cede her public land to the government when she became a state. / Whether she has managed as wisely as the federal government would have, or has gotten as much out of it as she ought, the fact remains that she has a great deal to show for the venture. First, Texas built and paid for her state Capitol through the sale of public land. Second, she has created the largest public school endowment, not only in this country, but in the world. Third, she has created an endowment for the state university and other institutions of higher learning. Fourth, she has not exhausted her resources by any means, but all the endowments still are growing.

People’s Voice

Editor Times: lam not much of a writer, lawyer or policeman, but I am trying to express myself on a matter that Is exciting every citizen of Indianapolis. Policemen and firemen can be shot by gangsters, and we say it is too bad, but when a confirmed Criminal cries that he got third degree treatment from the polipe, he gets front page sympathy and the safety board starts an investigation. It seems to me that if our police were given a chance for a little more use of their gum in making arrests, we might save some livees, and the outrage of an innocent citizen who might have to submit to so humiliating an airest would be offset by the safety that would result from the catching of some of the desperate characters who are shooting their way through anybody who crosses their path. If our police dared use their guns as freely as our paroled and escaped convicts are doing, we might read of a different sort of character dying from bullet wounds and the firearms of the country would be falling Into safer hands. DAILY READER.

Anticipation—Aggravation—Reconsideration!

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DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Illness Prevention Yields Big Return

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN, Editor. Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygcia, the Health Magazine. PEOPLE of the United States spend about $2,000,000,000 a year as result of illness. Os this amount, the doctors receive less than one-fourth. The major portion of the money goes for drugs, including patent medicine, for hospital care, nursing service and similar expenditures. Quacks get onefourth as much as the medical profession. The smallest percentage is spent on preventive medicine. If the money lost by illness were to be spent in securing physical fitness and on the prevention of disease, the returns would be enormous in benefit to the people. Attainment of physical fitness

IT SEEMS TO ME by ™od

T AM terribly sorry to find round games coming back into favor in country houses. Years went by without anybody hooking me into “Twenty Questions.” I felt that I’d gone through that in youth, along with the mumps. But now there are places where otherwise intelligent people sit about and pass up the opportunity of listening to brilliant conversations, while I am under the necessity of asking, “Is it animal?” “Is it mineral?” “Is it vegetable?” Os course, if you get “no” in reply to the first two, it’s sometimes possible to guess the general classification without a third question. But once you get along to the point where you have ascertained that the hidden object is a dead mineral or a live actor your troubles barely have begun. o a a Not a Good Bet ONE of the veterans of the game has an elaborate system. He’ll bet you SSOO he can guess anything you choose, and he always does, but that’s no foundation on which to build a good gambling pastime. And I don’t like the game called “Murder” any better than “Twenty Questions." Both of them are built on th > same scheme. Somebody has to go out of the room and suffer, although I must admit that I suffer, even when I don’t go out, as

Questions and Answers

What is the difference between ale and beer? In the United States ale as distinguished from beer is a malt liquor made by top-fermentation, in which the newly formed yeast goes to the top of the fermented liquor and is removed therefrom, the temperature being 56 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit. What increase in population did the United States have between the years 1910, 1920 and 1930? The population in 1910 was 91,972,266; in 1920 it was 105,710,620, and the preliminary, total as announced by the census bureau for 1930 is 122,730,026, subject to minor changes. From what are cameos made? From striated stones, such as onyx, sardonyx, agate, or similar stones. What is the life span of grasshoppers? Meet grasshoppers live only one season, but a few species survive the winter in a nymph stage and others lay eggs which remain in the ground during the winter. How many and what ships did Admiral Byrd have on his south pole expedition? Admiral Byrd had three ships, the City of New York, a whaling vessel; the Eleanor Bowling and the C. A. Larsen. What, is the political position of Alaska in the United States? It is an organized territory. How many women have been executed in the United States? From 1817, to the- present time twenty-three *women In the United

would involve first a careful physical examination for detection of such defects as inflamed adenoids, infected tonsils, infected teeth, bad posture and malnutrition. Incipient cases of tuberculosis can be diagnosed and children of a tubercular type could be placed in preventoriums, to give them opportunity to build themselves into a resistant state. Whereas the man past middle life is in danger because of overweight, the adolescent, up to the age of 20, is in physical danger because of underweight. The greatest record of deaths from tuberculosis in recent years has been among the adolescent group. Apparently what is required to secure the benefits of modem scientific medicine for the majority of

long as these intellectual pastimes are being pursued. And next, I suppose, they'll revive that one in which a man with a stop-watch turns suddenly on an inoffensive guest and shouts “L.” That means that you must think of all the words you can beginning with “L.” The time limit is a minute, and I think the record is something like 150, But I always begin slowly with “louse, lunacy, lechery, libidinous and love,” and then I get stuck. The “L” I’m really thinking of is “Let’s quit.” ’ I don’t know why these Simon Legrees of parlor entertainment are so loath to let anybody withdraw. You can pick up in a golf match or default in tennis, but the rule of the round games is that you must go on trying. “I give up” is a solution which never is acceptable. Still, there is one consolation in the popularity of “Twenty Questions,” “Murder” and the like. It saves you from having to learn backgammon. a tt a My Ancestor IN one of the rotogravure sections I was interested to see a picture in which my great-great-grand-father appears as the central figure. It is called, “Retreat of the Americans Under General Stirling Across Gowanus Creek.” We Stirlings always have been

States paid the death penalty for murder, eight in New York, eight in Pennsylvania, two in Vermont, two in New Jersey, one in Virginia, one in Georgia and one in Washington, D. C.

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SPENSER’S BIRTH January 18

ON Jan. 16, 1552, Edmund Spenser, called “the prince of poets in his time,” was bom in London. He was graduated from Pembroke college, Cambridge, at the age of 24. Two years later he went to London and found a place in the household of the earl of Leicester, who later brought him to the attention of Queen Elizabeth. In 1579, at 27, he wrote and published “The Shepherd’s Calendar,” which marks an epoch in the development of English poetry. It is said to excel the rhythm of Chaucer. Through the influence of Leicester, Spenser was appointed chief secretary to the lord lieutenant of Ireland. Queen Elizabeth conferred on him an estate at Kilcelman, where he wrote his greatest work, “The Faery Queen.” In October, 1598, his castle was sacked and burned by Irish rebels and his infant child perished in the flames. Spenser returned to London bro-ken-hearted and impoverished. He died a year later and was burled near Chausar in Westminster abbey.

the people is the development of health intelligence. A proper program would require, first of all, the dissemination of knowledge to the people as to the importance of a regular physical examination; second, a recognition of the necessity for taking care of such physical defects as have been mentioned; third, the application of immunologic methods already well established, such as vaccination against smallpox and diphtheria; fourth, realization of the necessity for attention to good personal hy giene. Good personal hygiene involves, among other things, proper care or the teeth, the nose and throat, a sufficient knowledge of diet to maintain the body weight at the optimum for height.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those oi one of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this naper.—The Editor

leaders in everything and the general certainly is making a swell run for it. The picture shows that he and his white horse are already across the creek. Not one of his soldiers is within 100 yards. Whether he was able to maintain this advantage all the way back home I do not know, but I’m betting on the old boy. Nor can I join in the scorn which sometimes has been heaped upon my great Ancestor. After all, if he had not been so expert in running away, who can tell what would have happened in the battle? But for his initiative and ardor in getting out of the fight, there might never have been an “It Seems to Me’’ column by Heywood Broun. tt n a Young Ones IN speaking mournfully of the present fashion in games I have 1 no intention of saying anything against tjie revival of ping-pong. I never could understand why it went away. As in several other phases of life and affairs, the restoration has come too late to be of much use to me. At the age of 10 or 12 I was the second-best ping-pong player in my family and I also could beat the youngest of the three boys who lived directly across the street. But nofv my skill has waned. In respect to recreation, I am a Victorian and a fundamentalist. The restlessness of the younger generation perturbs me. Science has made no great improvement in rummy and stud poker. No, I’ll have to take part of that back. Modern research has done at least one thing which was beyond the capacity of our Puritan forebears. They never thought up contract bridge—the more fools they! Reluctantly I will have to admit that here is something new which should remain for all time. Indeed, I somewhat have altered my conception of what might be an attractive heaven. I think of heaven as a place where I always will be able to bid two spades and never have a fool of a partner. (Copyright. 1931. by The Times)

Famous Spies From the most ancient times commanders of opposing armies have relied upon the work of spies to bring them essential information of enemy movements. And in peace as well as war, the work of espionage goes on. There are many spies famous in history Our Washington Bureau has compiled a bulletin on FAMOUS SPIES that tells of the life and work of a great many of them. You will find this bulletin full of interesting facts on the dangerous work they . engaged in—and of the executions of many who were caught This bulletin is especially timely, in connection with the series on “Spies ” now appearing in The Times. Fill out the coupon below and *en’d for it. CLIP COUPON HERE Dept. 111, Washington Bureau, The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York Avenue, Washington, D C. I want a copy of the bulletin FAMOUS SPIES, and inclose herewith 5 cents in coin, or loose, uncancejpd United States postage stamps to cover return postage and handling costs. Name Street and No W , State...... lam a Jaily reader of The Indianapolis Time. (Code No.)

.JAN. 16, 1931

SCIENCE -BY DAVID DIETZ—-

Eighteen Great Figures of Science Are Named in Dr. Benjamin Ginzburg's NevJ Book. DR. BENJAMIN GINZBEitG, who has carried on studies in the history of science at Columbia, Harvard and the University of Paris, picks out eighteen great figures for portrayal of his new book, "The Adventure of Science.” (The book la published by Simon A: Schuster.) As the modem age grows more and more scientific, the realization of the debt which civilization owes to the great scientists of the past grows greater and greater. The eighteen whose careers are detailed by Ginzburg are figures which every intelligent person should know. For they helped build the world in which he lives. The ancients included in the eighteen are Pythagoras, founder of Greek mathematics; Aristotle, student of natural philosophy, whose theories ruled the middle ages; Archimedes, great physicist of antiquity, and Ptolemy, great astronomers of antiquity. Next comes Copernicus, founder of modern astronomy, and Galileo, whose monumental work established the Copernician system and laid the foundation for the work of Newton. Then William Harvey, who discovered the circulation of the blood, and Sir Isaac Newton* formulator of the law of gravitation. tt u a Lost His Head THE ninth figure in the book is Lavoisier, the father of scientific chemistry, who lost his head in the French revolution because of a belief of certain politicians that th republic had no need of scientists. The tenth is Dalton, the Quaker, who founded the modem atomic theory. Then Faraday and Maxwell who laid the foundations for the understanding of electricity, light and radio. And next, Helmholtz, the brilliant German, who established the modem understanding of energy. Dr. Ginzburg goes to the realm of biology for his next four figures, Lamarck and Darwin, founders of the theory of evolution; Pasteur, who established the germ theory of disease, and Mendel, pioneer in the scientific study of heredity and eugenics. His eighteenth figure is that of Einstein, the most modem of the universe makers. The eighteen form an Interesting list. Other scientists come in for incidental mention here and there. It goes without saying that the list will not please all students of sience. Many for example, will question the absence of Joslah Willard Gibbs, or perhaps Sir William Herschel. But the criticism does not seem particularly important. This is the book which Dr. Ginzburg has chosen to write. There is nothing to prevent others from writing more books.

About the Author DR. GINZBURG possesses an excellent literary style. He makes no attempt to “write down” to the laymen, yet there is no. difficulty in following him. His diction is excellent and his manner forceful. His treatment of his subjects is thorough. Perhaps the reader will be interested in knowing something about this author. He was bom in Russia in 1889 and came to America in 1906. He received his undergraduate degree from the Columbia unniversity school of journalism and his A. M. and Ph. D. from Harvard. He nas studied abroad, particularly at the University of Paris. He has served as an European correspondent of the Chicago Tribune and International News Service, and as an instructor in philosophy at the College of the City of New York. He is a frequent contributor to such journals as the Nation, the New Republic, the International Journal of Ethics and others. In explanation of his book, he writes in the preface, “The work naturally has fallen into a biographical mold, for in the last analysis impersonal scienee is an abstraction. There exists only the careers and achievements of the scientists. “The great Frenchman, Pascal, liked to think of human history as a sort of composite biography of a single individual who underwent all the experiences and vicissitudes shared by all men across time and space. So it is with the history of science.”

Daily Thought

Though a sinner do evil an hundred times, and his days be prolonged, yet surely I know that it shall be well worth them that fear God, which fear before him. —Ecclesiastes 8:12. All flows from the Deity, and all must be absorbed in him again Zoroaster. What is meant by the expression “carried on the crest of the wave?” The crest is the feathered top of the wave, and the expression means that the thing alluded to if being carried on by an extraneous momentum.