Indianapolis Times, Volume 42, Number 170, Indianapolis, Marion County, 25 November 1930 — Page 4

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Buy a Ticket Cold winds and snow multiply the problems of the unemployed. The comfortable and protected will feel more comfortable in their souls and better protected in their property if they give some thought and something material to helping those who are forced into idleness. The best way to start is to buy a ticket for the Shorfridge-Cathedral football game on Thanksgiving morning. All the money received will be turned into the fund being raised to create jobs for the jobless. The one cure for unemployment is, of course, more work and more jobs. Until society becomes sane enough to distribute the work and the products of work on an equitable basis, it will be necessary to turn to expedients. They help to lessen the suffering. If you have not bought a ticket for this game, buy one whether you like football or not. Your dollar may help someone into a job. Holding Companies The relation between government and business tends to become a game between clever attorneys. When congress decides that an industry must be regulated, the industry’s brightest, minds go to worx finding ways to do the things it wants to do in spite of law. Eventually they succeed. And. congress then is confronted with anew problem of regulation. At present we are in that latest stage. The next move is up to congress. Years ago congress provided for regulation of railroads by the interstate commerce commission. It made a start at regulation of power utilities. It brought banking operations under federal control. And then the attorneys thought of the holding company. Holding company has its merits, perhaps, in the changing industrial world. Several public agencies are investigating to see exactly what it may mean in business economy, business stability, and investor security. It may be an inevitable part of our future development. But it already is obvious that the holding company, whatever else it does, has about defeated regulation as constituted at the present time. The interstate commerce commission finds itself unable to deal adequately with many railroad problems, since it has become possible that dominance can be gained in the affairs of competing carriers without commission approval, by bringing them together in a holding company. Regulation of power and light utilities, either by states or by the circumscribed federal power commis-.-ion, is becoming a farce since utility men learned how to transfer their profits rapidly from one book to another in a holding company group that no existing regulating body has a right to scrutinize. And bankers, forbidden in most states to establish branch banks or form themselves into bankingchains have turned to the "group system 1 ’ of associating financial organizations through holding company control of stocks. Public officials began to waken to the situation some two years ago. Committees of congress have been investigating bank and railroad holding companies. The federal trade commission is investigating the highly perfected holding company devices of the power, light and gas utilities. When congress meets next week, the interstate commerce commission will renew its plea for an extension of power to regulate railroad holding companies. Bills to cover banking and utilities will be pressed. Congress doubtless will bring holding companies under federal scrutiny and control. Then industry doubtless will begin again to look for loopholes in other directions. But in the meantime there will be valuable results from regulation, as there have been in the past. The railroad and utility industries owe much of their success to past regulation, to guaranteed rates of return, to enforce soundness of securities. Their future can not be as successful unless this public confidence is maintained. The End of the Vacation Jaunt The "Fishing"’ trip is over at last. The head of the committee exhibits the catch to the country. It is none other than the octopus which once was the pet of the czars—a bureaucracy and special spy system to prey on radicals. Chairman Ham Fish urges the creation of a special bureau in the department of justice to bulldoze "Communists.” who, according to the canons of the committee to date, would include all men more liberal than Judge Parker. Even Nicholas Murray Butler would not be free from suspicion and scrutiny. As an example of the procedure of the committee and some slight indication of what would go on if Mr. Fish's recommendations were to be adopted by <ongress, we may cite Conrad Seiler's account rt the Fish committee's doings in Los Angeles. This is contained in an article on "The Redmongers Go West" in the New Republic. The Fish committee was delegated to acquire the tacts about "Communists. So it quizzed witnesses. These were furnished by that partisan body, The Better American Federation of Los Angeles. The witnesses were Colonel Smith of the federation; Principal Elson of the Roosevelt high school, which refuses to graduate students who do not share the interpretation of American ideals exuded by the lederation; Arthur Wainess of the American Legion, who looked in on the camp for little girls at Yuciapa, with the result that a girl was given a ten-year sentence for raising a red flag over the camp and pulling it down each morning; Lieutenant W. F. Hynes, head of the “intelligence” department of the Los Angeles police; F. W. Beetson, Will Hays’ clerk in movieland, and B. E. Montgomery, an alarmed oil magnate. Such were the band which enabled Fish and his fellows to unearth the real "lowdown” on the Reds. Dr. Clinton J. Taft, coast representative of the American Civil Liberties Union, was not allowed to take the stand until 6 o’clock. He was told to “make it snappy.”' He attempted to make it clear that a man might have heard of the first ten amendments to the American Constitution without having his education in the hands of Kremlin, but he was insulted and repeatedly Interrupted by the committee. He sat down in despair and disgust. Upton Sinclair was tolerated for a minute while he told how he had been arrested in Loe Angeles for reading the first amendment in the public square. So much for the ways of a iional committee of inquiry. What would we witness

The Indianapolis Times (A SCKIPPB-HOWAKD .NEWSPAPER) Ovtavd and published dally (except Suoday) by The lodianapolis Times Publishing Cos.. 211-220 West Maryland Street. Indianapolis. Ind Price in Marlon County. 2 cent* a copy: elsewhere. 3 cents— delivered by carrier. 12 cents a week. BOTH GURLEY. ROY W. HOWARD. FRANK G MORRISON. Editor Presilient Boslner.s Minager I HONB-Rller Sflftl TUESDAY, NOV. 25, 1830. Member of United Press, ."cripps-Iloward Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

from a squad of legalized spies, such as Fish recommends? Give the Cossacks in Los Angeles, Pittsburgh, New York and elsewhere legal representation in the department of justice and the days of Alexander 111, Von Plehve and Pobedonestseff would be lived over again in the country of Jefferson, Lincoln and Wilson. A Peace Proposal Whether there Is anything in the report that the Hoover administration finally has come around to the idea of joining in an international consultative pact, we do not know. But we hope the report is true. The rumor started in Washington last week. Now it has been picked up in Geneva from French sources and sent back to Washington. Apparently, Hoover is making moves of a tentative nature. It is not clear whether he merely is sliding up a trial balloon or actually changing his policy, which blocked a consultative pact at the London naval conference. We can think of many good reasons why the United States should enter such treaty, and none why it should not. A consultative pact is in line with American foreign policy before Hoover took office; that principle is written into the Washington arms conference treaties. A consultative pact is the first step in making effective the Kellogg anti-war treaty, which in its present form has no binding force whatever. A consultative pact would give evidence that the United States is sincere in its peace professions, a fact widely doubted in Europe today. A consultative pact would increase the European sense of security and encourage a successful general disarmament conference, of which there now is little hope. A consultative pact could not guarantee peace automatically, but it would provide a stop-and-think period in time of danger and thus make war less probable. Most other nations already are bound in some such way. The United States is the only holdout. It is time for us to agree to confer with others when war threatens, so that all our weight can be thrown promptly on the side of maintaining peace. Santa Claus For President One of the most soul-satisfying articles to appear in recent months unquestionably is Elmer Davis’ characterization of "Hoover the Medicine Man,” in the Forum. It is his contention that both Hoover, who spread fairy tales before the people in 1928, and the people who believed in him have got just about what they deserved and in just about the place the blow should have landed. Hoover’s humiliation is as just a penalty for his irresponsibility and levity in making rash promises as the hardships of the American people are for their childish credulity in swallowing such nonsense. Hoover went before the American electorate in 1928 as the political Santa Claus and the people fell for this Kris Krinkle line. Now both are in a mess: "Mr. Hoover has let himself in for an unnecessary lot of trouble by implied promises which he must have known, in his saner moments, neither he nor any one else could perform without a lot of luck (piously termed ‘the help of God’). But he made those promises because he knew the people expected them; and if what must up to this date be called ‘his failure’ has hurt the people more than it has hurt him, we have got exactly what we deserved. “Hoover said what he correctly judged what the majority of voters thought, and promised what the majority wanted. Adult Americans elected him for the same reason that would have led Americans under the age of 10 to elect Santa Claus. His fault? Yes, but ours, too.” The lesson is obvious. Let us seek only the credible and the possible.* Let us aspire to achieve this only by reasonable methods which will involve real and proportionate efforts. We must trust less in the hocus-pocus of a magician-president. We never can achieve real well-being unless we recognize the burdens and responsibilities which this implies. Prosperity is not to be secured by hanging up a stocking. It can be attained permanently and on a wide scale only by taking down a few books, magazines and reports, and by getting down to real business in study and observation. The magic wand may enrich a few, but in the end it must impoverish the nation. What the hgnt game needs is more Scotch pugilists. Then we would see some close competition. Now that Charley Paddock, "world's fastest human,” is married, he'll probably charge everything up to running expenses.

REASON

HOW our American gangsters must itch to break into the house of lords and transact business with this group of Indian princes, wearing loads of diamonds and pearls, as they confer about the future of their country. a a a With the po f -entales covered with jewels and the people covered with rags, you'd think India would be fertile soil for revolution. But the masses are hopelessly split by religious differences. a tt tt Parker G. Hammer, St. Louis business man, believes life can be prolonged by remaining horizontal as much as possible, but in this age how’s a man with six children going to remain horizontal and bring home the bacon? u tt a MARK TWAIN believed in Hammer's theory. At least, he spent most of his later life in bed, with his pen and paper and pipe. But, it's likely Mark did little theorizing about longevity, his main objective being to shun physical effort whenever possible. a a a The great humorist had another hobby and it was the wearing of white flannel clothes in cold weather. We saw him thus arrayed one day at Washington when the thermometer was away below zero. m a a Mr. Nicholas Murray Butler sees an upset in the Republican party if it stays dry, but we would amplify the statement by saying you are going to see an upset in both parties if they be either dry or wet. Interesting days are waiting in the east. a a a DR. EINSTEIN declares that the universe is a mystery to him. but this observation gets him no laurels for profundity, as the average man long ago reached the same conclusion. a a tt * Drunken fish bit each other after drinking booze that was dumped into a river in South Carolina. Somewhat different, from the way the human fish acts after drinking it: he bites the dust. mao We are surprised to learn that King George s 82-year-old aunt smokes cigarets, for if a lady of her age must smoke, she should hit the pipe.

FREDERICK B * LANDIS

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

We Ought to Decide What Soviet Russia Really Is Before We Formulate a Definite Policy With Regard to That Nation. in USSIA in the headlines once more, with strangely altered music all around. The great danger now is economic competition, according to Congressman Fish, though it was only a few years ago that Charles Evans Hughes described Russia as an economic vacuum. One day we argue that the Soviet government should not be recognized, because it has failed to prove responsibility. The next, we paint it as a stark example of ruthless, irresistible despotism, not only in absolute control of its own people, but threatening to shake the world. According to one school of critics, it amounts to neither more nor less than a hodge-podge of wild-eyed theories. According to another, it is a thoroughly organized and effective mechanism of commerce. Common sense suggests that we ought to decide what Soviet Russia really is before attempting to formulate too definite a policy regarding future relations with her. non Theory Is Exploded AT the outset, it is useless to disguise the fact that Russia opposes about every tradition, standard, and ideal on which this republic was founded. But the same thing is true, or largely true, of some other countries. Communism per se does not justify the refusal to recognize Russia. Even its bitterest enemies admit as much. That is why we made the alleged "irresponsibility” of Soviet Russia an excuse for not entering into diplomatic relations. She couldn’t pay her debts, we said, and wouldn’t if she could; the upheaval was little but one of those w'aves of excitability and emotionalism which promise only destruction. That tune did very well for five or six years, but sort of lost its punch after several counter revolts had been put down and the Moscow regime had shown an astonishing capacity to survive. tt U tt Go to Other Extreme NOW, instead of being too rjgak for companionship, we talk of Russia as too strong. Her alleged insolvency suddenly has been supplanted by a fear that she will smother us with cheap products. So serious has this fear become that the treasury department finds it convenient to prepare a regulation, which, if rigidly enforced, would shrivel Russian trade. One crowd declares that she already is demoralizing our lumber, coal, grain and other industries. Another crowd declares that if we interfere, Russia will buy somewhere else and we will lose a lot of money. Amid all the furore, one can not help wondering just what has become of that awful menace, the soap-box orator. a tt a Stalin Gives His Version Meanwhile, staiin, who says that the world is guilty of libel when it calls him “Dictator,” tells the United Press that there is no reason why the United States and Russia should not enjoy closer economic ties. At the same time, he tells the United Press some other things w’hich are not quite so satisfying. For one, he regards the prospects of world revolution still good, arid, though admitting the possibility of Communism and capitalism living side by side in amity, he does so in such way as to create doubt of his enthusiasm over it. For another, he asserts that Soviet Russia is misunderstood badly on the debt proposition, that she made an offer to adjust it some years ago, to which the United States government has as yet made no reply. The treasury department comes back with a statement that while such offer was made by certain Russian officials, it never was put in the proper form and, consequently, could not be entertained. tt U tt Just Childish ALL things considered, wouldn’t it be a fine idea to scrap the quibbling, clear away the balderdash and start all over again? The whole situation seems to hinge on the question of whether Soviet Russia has a responsible government, and that question', in turn, goes back to the recognition of debts. Regardless of why the United States failed to consider previous offers, what is there to prevent consideration of anew one? Os course, the way this country and Russia have been treating each other may represent statesmanship, but. to the ordinary mind, it looks much more like a piece of inexcusable and unnecessary childishness.

Questions and Answers

Who are the "high Germans,” “low Germans” and “Dutch”? “Low German” refers to a dialect or division of the German language spoken by the people of the Netherlands, including Friesian, Dutch, Flemish and Old Saxon. High German includes the Thuringian, Francian, Swabian, Alsatian, Swiss and Bavarian dialects of the German language group. The term Dutch refers to the people of the | Netherlands (Holland). Who played the principal roles in the photoplay “Hangman’s House”? June Collyer. Larry Kent, Earle Foxe, Victor McLaglen and Hobart Bosworth. Who was the author of the motion picture “Hearts in Exile?” It was adapted from the play with the same title by John Oxamham. Harvey Gates wrote the scenario. Where in the Bible is the story of the siege of Samaria and the famine? II Kings 6:24-30. What is acidolphilus milk? Acidophilus milk is not buttermilk, but sweet milk, scientifically cultured to aid digestion and to add other valuable corrective elements required by the human system.

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Mineral Salts in All Body Tissues

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia. the Health Magazine. AS has been mentioned in all discussions of nutrition in these columns, the protein, carbohydrate, and fat fumirh the necessary sources of energy for the body and the protein particularly supplies the material for building new tissues. In his discussion of infant nutrition, Dr. W. M. Marriott emphasizes especially the necessity of proper minerals. Every tissue of the body and all of the fluids which are in it contain mineral salts. These mineral salts enable the cells to function properly and aid in the digestion of food. In the activities of the human body, mineral salts constantly are used up, and unless an equivalent amount is supplied in the diet, wasting of the body occurs. For every part of protein that is deposited in the body, about one-

IT SEEMS TO ME

CERTAIN outside interests having consumed much of my time recently, I have fallen quite a little behind in keeping up with good literature. Accordingly, last night I took up a novel by Edgar Wallace. It was attractively entitled "The Hairy Arm,” and in the first few pages I discovered that it dealt with a murderer who decapitated his victims and mailed the heads to the police. This sounded promising as a bedtime story, but after a chapter or so in which the murders came rather slowly I fell sound asleep. This being my first contact with the well-known Mr. Wallace, I was prepared to pooh-pooh his vogue. To be sure, he is the favorite author of Heywood Hale Broun, but the latter is only 12. At my age, I felt convinced, such mild and feeble mysteries could hardly be expected to seize hold of the attention. Yet, though I slept, I dreamed of monkeys and murder. And. solaced by this restful slumber, I awoke, determined to give Edgar Wallace one more chance. b b Literature Solace FROM that moment on I read the book at one sitting, or rather one lying. I never have quite understood why anybody ever should sit up with a book. The happy reader should, if circumstances permit, be horizontal. With frequent snorts of scorn, I plowed through "The Hairy Arm.” None of the incidents was con-

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CARNEGIE’S BIRTH Nov. 25 ON Nov. 25, 1835, Andrew Carnegie, an American manufacturer and philanthropist, was born in Dunfermline, Fifeshire, Scotland. At 13 he removed with his family to the United States, and settled in Pittsburgh. His first job, as a weaver’s assistant, netted him $1 a week. He later entered the employ of the Pennsylvania railroad, and advanced until he became head of the Pittsburgh division of the road. He joined Woodruff, the inventor of the sleeping car, in organizing a company, and thereby laid the foundation for his fortune. Subsequent investments in oil lands helped increase his means. After the Civil war, Carnegie developed various iron works at Pittsburgh. He introduced into the United States the Bessemer process of steel making in 1868, and a few years later was principal owner of several large steel plants, which were consolidated in 1899 in the Carnegie Steel Company. Two years later this company was merged into the United States Steel Corporation. Carnegie then retired and devoted himself to philanthropic activities. He gave libraries to many towns and cities in the United States and contributed large sums to other benefactions, rfhe total exceeding $300,000,0005' He died in 1919.

Back Fire!

third as much mineral matter is also stored. Furthermore, there is a definite relationship between the amount of mineral material and the amount of water. When there is a great loss of the mineral matter occurring as a result of diet deficient in salt, or as a result of starvation or prolonged diarrhea, the body is unable to maintain the proper amount of water content. When a great amount of mineral matter is taken into the body, only sufficient for the uses of the body is retained, and the rest is then passed out. Sometimes it is necessary for the body to give up a great deal of water to get rid of an excess of salt taken into the system. This is the basis of action of various kinds of salts taken as cathartics. To find out the kinds of mineral matter that are necessary for the

DV HEYWOOD BROUN

vincing. The humorous interludes were painful. Os character drawing there was not a trace. And when I finally came to the solution I was ashamed of myself for not having guessed it far in advance. Accordingly, I might take a lofty attitude and speak in contemptuous terms of this prolific author of best sellers. Honesty restrains my hand. After all, I stayed with the story till dawn. Even though t had snorted, still I never for a moment contemplated putting down the book. Mr. Wallace never will be numbered among the literary artists, but I think he well might receive the honorary degree of B. T. D., which is Doctor of Blood and Thunder. I haven’t had as much fun with any yarn since I quit reading Frank Merriwell ’way back in 1908. a a a Sun-Dodger INCIDENTALLY, I grow in the faith that late hours are the natural portion of man. Reading certainly is a recreation which

People’s Voice

Editor Times—News item from Washington: “Payments to veterans are being studied.” Wonder if loans to the allies were studied? No, it was the thing to do. Being one of the veterans, I trust the Scripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance will use its good influence to further the proposed study of payments to veterans. This government should be as loyal to her veterans as she was to her allies. I firmly beiieve the men now are old enough to use this money intelligently. Certainly it would change the picture in many a man’s life. I can get along without mine until 1945, if I live that long, but paying these certificates off in full in the near future, will, I believe, be better for the majority and will mean more happiness and better lives for us all. JUST A VETERAN. Editor Times —Just a line in regard to dispatches in recent issues of The Times about railroad trainman of the Chicago division laying off three days a month to give work to ninety men who have been laid off. This statement was said to have been made by a Mr. Duval. I wish you would please deny this assertion, as there is absolutely no truth in it. I also read where the Beech Grove shops had recalled 1,400 men in the locomotive department. I wish you would state that they had been recalled for only a few days, and they were all laid off. The only ones on their payroll at present are foremen, inspectors and overhead. All labor has been suspended, and this overhead that has been retained are being paid from $8 to $lO a day, just to kill pigeons and tell jokes. I don’t see why you editors let such erroneous statements get into your papers. Now I am sending this to The Times, thinking and knowing your paper to be the squarest in the city, just to see if you will repudiate articles of a retent issue. G. E. H.

human body, analyses have been made of the various tissues which the body contains. Thus the bones consist chiefly of calcium, magnesium, and phosphates. The cells of the body generally have potassium salts and phosphates. The various fluids in the body, such as the blood and bilt and the lymph, contain sodium salts, chlorides and bicarbonates. Oxygen is the important essential constituent of the red coloring matter of the blood, and iodine is necessary for proper activity of the thyroid gland. Sometimes the cells of the body are modified in various ways, so that the balance of relationship between the various salts in the blobd is disturbed. If there is a sudden deficit of calcium salts in the blood, spasmodic conditions develop. If there is a decrease in the bicarbonates in the body, acidosis follows.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those of one of America’s most Interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this naper.—The Editor.

brings its greatest rewards after 2 in the morning. The hours after midnight are those in which the mind is most alert. Nature Intended man to be a night prowler. When big animals ranged the earth, our ancestors hid in caves until it was dark. Early rising was considered neither healthy nor wise when mammoths roamed the primeval forests. If nature had int ended man to spend much time in daylight pursuits, she would have given him green spots or some other protective coloration. Instead, she implanted deep within him a love of late hours. Scholars who have worked upon the most primitive of cave writings agree that the earliest connected sentence to be found is, “Why, it’s just the shank of the evening,” or its equivalent. Indeed, a Patagonian scientist explains the prevalence of the circle in many ancient conventionalized pictures on the ground that it was used ds a symbol for “just one more rpund and we’ll go home.” With the beginning of husbandry, artificiality came into the life of men. He began to abandon the promptings of nature and get up at 6 o’clock in the morning. There should be little difficulty in proving that such a regime was not in the plan of creation. It makes no difference what time a man goes to bed—he still will be sleepy at 6 o'clock in the morning. Even though he has slept for nine or ten hours, drowsiness hangs upon his lids. The habits set by his ancestors tens of thousands of years ago are not to be lightly set aside. The subconscious knows that getting up at 6 o’clock in the morning is immoral and unnatural behavior. (CoDvrisrht. 1930. bv The Times)

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_NOV. 25, 1930

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ Conscious Striving After Beaut y Won't Beautify Cities, Realty Expert Declares. THE application of more scientific and technical knowledge to the problems of city planning and architecture will do more to beautify the cities of America than will a conscious striving after beauty, according to Herbert U. Nelson of Chicago, executive secretary of the National Association of Real Estate Boards. Nelson is one of a number asked by the committee on city and regional planning of the American Institute of Architects to answer this question; Can character and individuality of cities and regions be attained consciously? The committee has launched a nation-wide study "to promote better planning of all communities for permanent human use as essential to modern civilization.” Beauty, according to Nelson, is a by-products of good order, utility and economy of design. To support his theory, he calls attention to the fact that airplanes are more beautiful today than they were ten years ago. This increase in beauty, he believes, grows out of more efficient design and not out of any attempt to beautify the airplane. 808 Chicago Praised “T AM inclined to doubt, therefore, JL that conscious striving for beauty in our cities will give us the results we want and that you have in mind,” he writes to the committee. "I believe that if we plan our cities so as to utilize the ground most efficiently for structures and for traffic, so as to give to our citizens healthful conditions and convenient opportunities for recreation the net result will be beautiful cities. "European concepts of civic centers, boulevards and plazas are not adapted to American habits of living, althought they dominated the national city planning conference sixteen years ago. "The universal use of auto transportation in this country makes possible cities of much greater area in proportion to population than the older type of cities. The conception on which Chicago is working strikes me as being sound, to have great concentric circles of playground and forect reserve surrounding the city, giving access to all to real outdoor life. "I believe the point where architects and city planners should start their work today is with the family residential unit. "I believe this unit to be inefficient and costly with relation to the needs it serves and in comparison with what could be developed with the scientific and technical knowledge we already have.” tt tt tt Character Needed CITIES should strive to develop individual characters, according to the reply received by the committee from Gardner S. Rogers of the civic development department of the United States Chamber of Commerce. “A city should develop In accordance with local conditions and local or section traditions,” he says. “The elm, a beautiful and characteristic tree of New England cities, would be inappropriate in any of the gulf coast cities, and the palmlined avenues of Los Angeles would appear ridiculous if developed in Chicago. “A New York skyscraper does not make a city of 15,000 population a metropolis, and the building of a tenement house in a small town injures rather than improves the housing situation. "The folklore, sentiment, and character of any section of the country is built around local conditions and local attributes, and it is these which should be utilized, refined and perfected in the building of a city. "I therefore commend for your consideration the application of the principles which business so successfully has employed, namely, to improve the character of the municipal product as the best means of increasing the production, the enhancement of property values, and the realization of a more successful life.”

Daily Thought

My punishment is greater than I can bear.—Genesis 4:13. The only effect of public punishment is to show the rabble how bravely it can be borne.—Landor. V hat proportion of the population of Canada speaks French? The last Canadian census enumerated a total population of 8,78848?, of whom 2,452,751 spoke French. Who is the author of the quotation “After life’s fitful fever, he tleeps well?” Shakespeare in Macbeth, Act 3, Scene 2.