Indianapolis Times, Volume 42, Number 167, Indianapolis, Marion County, 21 November 1930 — Page 8

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2,800 Dead Slowly the pccter of death Is being fought, back In the dark pits into which men descend to mine for coal. But the gains came very slowly. The bureau of mines, in its annual report, says that the practice of rock-dusting coal mines to prevent explosions “continues to gain ground.’’ But at the same time it reports that death still claims some 2.800 miners a year and tries to claim 200.000 others, who escape with injuries. The gains come slowly because they are dependent upon voluntary action of coal mine owners. No federal law and few state laws compel Introduction ot safety methods in the mines. The United States bureau of mines investigates to find how accidents are caused and how they may be prevented, and it makes recommendations, but there its function ends. It is only when mine owners decide to go to the moderate expense of rcck-dusting their properties, Xo use none hut permissable explosives, to use only safety lamps and other safe equipment, that explosions are forestalled. Until every mine owner puts human life first among his assets, death will ride the descending hoist with each shift of men, will hide in every drift and cross cut, will reach cold fingers from every shaf' Postponed Flight A writer in a current magazine says, “Aviation should stop talking about trans-Atlantic airplanes until it produces a plane that can carry passengcis and cargo across the Atlantic safely and regularly, day in and day out—at a profit. No such plan exists today. At the same time, announcement comes from Europe that the great German DOX. largest airplane in the world, has abandoned its trans-oceanic flight until next spring, because of bad weather. For the Aged For old folks who can manage, somehow, to live long enough, the recent elections contain much promise Old-age pensions were an issue in a number of important states and their advocates won several notable victories. Robert D. Cary, elected in Wyoming to the United States senate, intends to urge national legislation on pension for the aged The Democratic party in Idaho elected a Governor on a platform promising state action. In Michigan, Senator Couzens and Frank Murphy, newly elected mayor of Detroit, pledged themselves to this cause. It. was one of Governor Pinchot’s planks in Pennsylvania. Governor Roosevelt sponsors a program for improving New York's pension law. Several men were elected to the house of representatives on party declarations covering the subject. Still, in spite of this promising record, thousands of old people will die of hunger or of broken hearts before governments generally recognize their obligation to keep the evening of life from being a time of horror.

Hard Times. But— When we feel low In our minds about the state of the nation in general and about business conditions !n particular, it cheers us to remember that— Never before have leaders of industry, social workers and politicians tackled an economic crisis with so much intelligence and prepared so far in advance for a hard winter. Never before have people generally done so much Intelligent thinking about the causes of an economic depression and planning toward preventing a recurrence of hard times. Never before have industrial leaders so generally conceded that fewer hours of labor without a reduction in wages is the most logical remedy for these conditions. Why Not Use Facts? Any one addressing school teachers ought to have enough respect for their intelligence to stick to facts for the base of his argument, no matter what he may argue, when he has laid a fact foundation and leaves the realm of fart to enter that of opinion. Addressing the New York Teachers’ Association, Raymond Robins said: ••The whole people of the United States, through their national government, with forty-six states sharing in the decision, declared war on the liquor traffic. Shall someone state raise the white flag and refuse to take its full responsibility toward this war?" What are the facts? The "whole people" of the United States never had a voice or a vote in adopting the eighteenth amendment. A congress controlled by the professional prohibition organizations submitted the amendment to the states. The legislatures of forty-six states adopted the amendment and it went into the Constitution. This was constitutional, to be sure. But not a single state legislature that approved the amendment had been elected on that issue. In not a single state had the people been given any warning that the legislature they were electing would pass on a prohibition amendment. The Anti-Saloon League lobby got busy on a congress that hadn't been elected on that issue. It got busy when everybody else was doing everything possible, and everything the federal administration Rsked, to help win the war. Between two and three million citizens were in Europe as patriotic soldiers sacrificing their health, their opportunities for advancement in life, and in too many cases giving up their lives, to make the world safe for democracy, fighting a war to end war, and all that sort of thing. These millions of the "whole people" never were consulted and never had a voice or a vote in putting over the amendment. You can't speak of the “whole people" and leave them out. Those of the “whole people" who remained at home, fired by patriotic fanaticism, were making every sacrifice demanded of them, obeying blindly though willingly all orders from Washington, cutting down on bread and sugar, buying Liberty bonds and war savings stamps, and contributing to war chests until it hurt. But the Anti-Saloon League slackers, who risked neither life nor limb, were busy putting over prohibition; and they gained such control over congress that they compelled a Democratic congTess to pass the vicious Volstead act over the intelligent veto of President Wilson. And now the “whole people" are paying an awful price for what, the slacker professional prohibitionists did to them when they were hypnotised by pstnousm. %

Fhe Indianapolis Times (A fctKU'PS-HOWAHI> NEWf>PAFLR • owouj and ,>ubllsb<><i daily lexcept Sunday) ty The Indiauapulie rimes Publishing Cos. 214-220 'Vest Maryland Street, Indianapolis, Iml Price in Marion County. 2 cents b copy: elsewhere, 3 cents—delivered by carrier. 12 centa a week. BOfl> GURLEY ROY W. HOWARD, FRANK G MORRISON, Editor President Business Manager ~~i HONE— HI lev SMI FRIDAY. NOV. 21. 1930. Member of United Press, tecripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enferpnse Association. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Uirculations. and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

Not a Pretty Picture America is making a very bad showing at the preparatory disarmament commission sessions in Geneva. First, we stood out against other nations in refusing to consider limitation of naval expenditures. We, of course, have the largest armament budget in the world—President Hoover admits that. Now we are standing alone in trying to block reduction of the limit in the size of capital ships. This obstructionist policy is in line with our refusal at the London conference earlier in the year to scrap battleships. There can be no justification for this policy, mce the issue of parity is in no way involved; if battleships were scrapped or their size reduced by all. that would not change the comparative strength of our navy in relation to the British and other navies. The American position of refusing in first one way and then another to go along with the other nations seeking arms reduction would not seem so hateful to the rest of the world if we were not forever boasting of otir alleged peace leadership. Weather Censors Are we to have a weather censor, too? Last Saturday morning tornadoes struck in parts of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and Georgia. The United States weather bureau foresaw these tornadoes but made no prediction of them. ■'This."’ says Science Service, “is in accord with a rule of the bureau's that such storms shall not be predicted, because of the unnecessary alarm that thus would be caused to a large number of people.” The bureau further explains that since it is impcssibls to say in what spot the tornado will hit, and because this spot usually is very small, it “feels thai to predict them would cause more trouble by the unjustified anxiety aroused than is likely to be done by a tornado itself.” But who knows whether predictions might not have saved lives, saved property? Certainly a great deal of worry is better than a funeral.

Are Our Schools Feminizing America? Are our schools making w’omen out of all of us in an intellectual and cultural sense? Such is charged by Professor Robert E. Rogers of “snob” fame, in a vigorous article in the Pictorial Review. He declares that our schools are swamped with women teachers, who literally are feminizing America. The days of the virile schoolmaster with his birch switch or his hickory rod are gone forever. The few men teachers who remain are themselves feminized products. They have been taught by women. The very fact that they have taken up teaching is in itself proof of their feminization; so reasons Dr. Rogers. On the fafe of it, the facts seem to support Dr. Roger’s thesis. For example, the Jersey City State Normal school announces that there is one male to 300 females in its enrollment this autumn. One reason may be found in the fact that the average pay of a New Jersey school teacher is $2,000 a year. This hardly matches the pay of a policeman or fireman. So why go through high school and then to normal school for two or three years to become a pedagog in the public schools? The question whether a woman teacher makes mental women out of her male students is debatable, though there are undoubtedly certain dangers along this line. But President Mary E. Wooley of Mt. Holyoke college, in answering Professor Rogers in the Pictorial Review", puts her finger on the crux of the matter. She contends that it is not the sex distribution among teachers which counts, but the ability of either a man or a woman to teach. There are too many men and women cluttering up our schools who can not teach their subjects or awaken intellectual curiosity and enthusiasm in their pupils. The monotonous routine and low salaries which prevail in our schools may account in part for the inferiority of our current instruction, even though our teachers actually may give us more than we pay them to deliver. Speaking of surprises, who would have guessed a couple of months ago that Bobby Jones would be big news at the height of the football season?

REASON v ™f

THE President of the United States is a lot busier than he used to be, the badge business alone taking up a lot of his time. Every time you pick up the paper Mr. Hoover is pinning a badge on somebody or somebody is pinning i badge on Mi Hoover. • a a a Clara Bow claims that her secretary Stole $3,500 worth of her clothes. The last time we saw Clara in a picture we wondered what had become of her wardrobe. a a a Great Britain has surrendered first place in the British empire and now is on an equal standing with Canada. Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. Mr. Bull has grown vastly more modest than he was back in the days when he lost his American colonists because he wouldn't let them have any representation whatever. a a a A GENTLEMAN in a three-cornered hat named George Washington is ressopnsible for this growing amiability on the part of Mr. Bull. Mr. Bull wanted to fix it up after the battle of Saratoga, but Mr. Washington, having fought that far, .would take nothing short of absolute independence. ana A1 Smith is going to write a weekly article for the newspapers, following in the footsteps of Mr. Coolidge. The colunmist who never has been President or a candidate for President must be up and doing these days to hold his own against the boys who are in it because they have museum value. a a a We trust that Mr. Smith will write his stuff, or at least someof it. We strongly suspected now and then that Mr. Coolidge s daily nourishment was cooked by some anonymous newspaper man. a a a A FELLOW down in New Jersey has iifVented a machine which milks fifty cows at one and the same time. This not only shortens the cow's office hours, enabling her to play bridge or golf, but it also saves the milker from being cut in the face by the tail of the cow with artistic temperament. V St O This fight between Representative Britten, militant wet. and Senator Fess, militant dry, should be referred to the world court. But there's one fight that can't be referred to any court but the people and that's revision of prohibition. a a a We are up against action on the subject and no matter what comes it is bound to cause the most violent political readjustment this has known since Bryan and free silver. • f

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

On Tiventy Billion Dollars’ Worth of Goods Sold o>{ the Distallment Plan Last Year, Retailers Lost Only .6 Per Cent by Nonpayment. Gilbert k. chesterton chides such men as Ford, Einstein and Edison for talking about religion. They should not go around the country, he says, “giving their opinions on subjects with which they are entirely unfamiliar.” Probably they shouldn’t. Probably they should leave the stage to Mr. Chesterton. But they won't, which, after all, is the only point of consequence. Edison's remarks on the immortality of the soul may be “painfully futile,” as Mr. Chesterton declares, and Edison may not know any more about the soul than any one else, which isn’t much, as Mr. Chesterton concedes, but it will take something more conclusive than that to stop men from speculating, no matter how violently they disagree with prevailing opinions or beliefs. u a u We’re Not Perfect SECRETARY HYDE is both obvious and unoriginal when he says that Soviet Russia runs counter to about every one of our basic ideals. Even so, why should we get mad and beat the tom-tom? A lot of people pursue theories of government or forms of religion utterly at variance with what we believe. There isn’t much in common between the American republic and Mussolini, not to mention Abyssinia. We find it convenient to live on terms of friendship with Fascism, however, and to be represented at the $3,000,000 show recently staged in connection with the coronation of Ras Tafari, king of kings and lion of Judea. Secretary Hyde should remember that not the least important of our basic ideals is one that made it possible for us to dwell on good terms with people regardless of whether they followed our political practices or worshipped at the same shrine.

Bull Fights on Horizon MRS. FISKE undoubtedly is right in denouncing the introduction of bull-baiting as a probable prelude to bull-fighting in this country. Enough has occurred in the field of entertainment to warrant the suspicion that v. ; e Americans easily could reconcile ourselves to the bloody spectacle. Having gone to the jungle for music, art, literature and certain theories of sociology and economics, there is little reason to suppose that wc would avoid it in recreational matters, if given the slightest encouragement. Most Americans attend bullfights when they visit countx-ies where bullfights are allowed, and the fact that an American youth has made something of a name for himself in the business generally is regarded as another feather in our national cap. Considering how gracefully we came to recognize the mid-Vic-torian leg show as an artistic performance, why should any one doubt our ability to appreciate the stabbing of bulls and goring of horses as an intellectual triumph? a a a * It’s Not All Dark BAD as the depression may be, and difficult as it may have have made things for the three or four million out of work, it is not without bright spots. A survey recently completed by the federal department of commerce shows that though the American people purchased twenty billion dollars worth of goods each year on the installment plan, or in the open market, retailers lost only .6 per cent. Savings deposits in .New York banks have increased by more than $600,000,000 since last fall. Though business of the American Telephone and Telegraph Company has not grown as fast in 1930 as in 1929, there are more subscribers there were twelve months ago, and long distance calls have increased. More reassuring than all else, some of the basic markets are practically empty. It requires no great degree of expertness to realize that we’ve got to do more work in certain lines pretty soon, for the simple reason that we can’t continue living off the shelf. It's Found Again ONE more of those fifty-five original copies of the Declaration of Independence has made its appearance, this time in California. The lady who brought it to a high school principal says that she would not have guessed its identity or realized its value but for the signature of Button Gwinnett, which she noticed one day after reading that it had brought $50,000. What a godsend this Button Gwinnett has been, not only to those who deal in antiques and curios, but to people who otherwise would live in ignorance regarding the value of an original copy of the Declaration of Independence. How fortunate we are that Button Gwinnett possessed a name which was of such small consequence as to be worth signing on only a few occasions.

Questions and Answers

What kind of a ship was the Otranto on which some United States troops were lost in the World war? How many United States soldiers were lost when this ship was sunk? The Otranto was a British transport carrying American troops, which was sunk in collision in North Channel: American casualties numbered 356. How old is Mrs. Ferguson, who ran for Governor of Texas and was defeated? She was born June 13, 1875. How many grandchildren has King George V? Four, two grandsons, children of Princess Mary and Viscount Lascelles and two granddaughters, children of the duke and duchess of York.

You Can't Put Out a Fire With Gasoline!

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Sugar Important for Human Systems

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Ilysreia. the Health Magazine. THE second main type of food constituent is the carbohydrate, or sugar. It has been estimated, as cited by Dr. W. M. Marriott, that the minimum amount of carbohydrate on which a young infant will live for any length of time is about one-twentieth of an ounce for each pound of its weight. The best amount of carbohydrate is about from one-tenth to one-fifth of an ounce for each pound of the child's weight, or approximately one-hundredth of its total weight. A child that is fed on its mother’s milk needs about one-fifth of an ounce for each pound of its weight each day. If a grown person is given too much carbohydrate, he promptly develops the appearance of sugar in his excretions. Because the needs of the child are so much greater, it can be fed proportionately a larger amount of carbohydrate than can an adult. Sugars are not all the same as

IT SEEMS TO ME by ™od

1 BELIEVE it was Samuel Butler who first laid down the principle that nothing is well done or worth doing unless it is done easily. The theory appeals to me, but “easily" isn't the right word. “Joyfully” won’t do, either, because that sounds too much like a carpenter shop in a musical comedy. Perhaps it will suffice to say that all good work goes with the grain. Yes, I believe that absolutely. This is not a defense of laziness, although there is a great deal to be said for laziness, which often has been vilified in copybook maxims. It is possible to expend a terrific amount of energy and effort and yet never violate your own inclination. But I think it becomes increasingly evident that mankind has set up a graven image when it worships work of all kinds, even that which is given grudgingly or under protest. A world suffering from the pangs of overproduction must see that toil for toil's sake is an ideal not only silly but actually harmful. a a a Bunk About Genius ONE of the most harmful epigrams ever to gain wide circulation is the familiar one about genius being an infinite capacity for taking pains. It isn’t true, and it has caused endless heartbreak. At this moment there are probably a hundred thousand young womin in America who are having their

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MAYFLOWER COMPACT November 21

ON Nov. 21, 1620, the Pilgrims held a meeting in the cabin of the Mayflower, the ship which brought them from England to America, and drew up a compact in which they announced their intention of making such laws as should be needed for the general good of the colony. The compact, which was called the “law and order league," was signed by forty-one Pilgrims. They then chose John Carver governor. When Carver died, William Bradford was chosen; he filled the office for thirty-one years. ■What induced the Pilgrims to draw up a compact was the fear of dissension among those Pilgrims who preferred to settle in Virginia, and those who favored New England. The Mayflower had gone far out of her way, and the Pilgrims then decided, though they had a patent made out for settlement in Virginia, to settle in Massachusetts. After carefully exploring the New England coast, the Pilgrims found a satisfactonvharbor and landed at Plymouth, Mast., on Dec. 21, 1620.

■ DAILY HEALTH SERVICE -

ordinary cane sugar. They vary in their forms so that it becomes important to know which of the sugars is best used by the bod yfor energy purposes. The human body has a very exact regulating system for handling sugar. Whatever is needed for energy is burned in the tissues. The remainder is stored in the liver and in the muscles or else changed into fat. During starvation the material stored up in the liver and in the muscles is reconverted into the form which can be used for energy, taken up by the blood, and used as food. If starvation continues, some of the proteins will be converted into sugar to keep the level of the sugar in the blood from falling too low. If the level of the sugar falls too low, the human being becomes unconscious and may show the symptoms of intoxication. When insulin is given, sugar is converted rapidly into fat, and a system lias been developed for increasing the weight of the body rapidly by giving sugar and insulin at the same time. If the person needs energy, sugar

voices trained. All but ten of them are struggling to get into the Metropolitan opera house. Within the next five years three will succeed. The rest are irre-

People’s Voice

Editor Times—We have heard much recently of the inroads motor busses and trucks are making into the railroads’ revenues. But “The Railway Conductor” throws some light on the matter that I hope is important, to warrant publication. It said: “Since the average pay of a railroad employe is $1,743 a year, every railroad employe lost to a community through traffic diverted to the truck lines means the loss of this amount to the merchants and other business interests. “As the truck lines do not employ local forces, they do not add anything to the purchasing power of the communities they serve. “At one point the railroad found that the loss of business to the truck lines was so severe that it w r as not warranted in keeping its station open. This would have left the community without telegraph service and the merchants also would have lost the trade of the railroad agent. It was found that if all the freight moving to and from the community was shipped by rail there would be enough to justify retention of the agent. The shippers of the community decided that beyond question it was to their interest to use rail service. “At many other points, however it is said that numbers of rail employes have been thrown out of work by a decrease in traffic caused, in part at least, by the fact that the business houses followed the policy of shipping by truck instead of rail. “There is also raised the serious question of the ability of the railroads to continue to pay large sums in taxes that support the schools and pay other expenses of the government if the earning capacity of their property is destroyed or lowered by competition by truck lines. “It might be well for merchants to realize that the movement of rail traffic gives work to considerable numbers of employes who receive good wages and who spend their money in the towns where they live while the bus and truck lines leave no money in the communities they serve other than terminals.” R. E. SMOOT. Member O. R. C. Division 103. 1606 Spann avenue What does the name Josephine mean? It is a French feminine form of the Hebrew name Joseph and means addition. What was the thle of the rhapsody played in “The Melody Man?” “Dream Rhapsody,’’}* classical arrangement of “Broken Dreams."

; maybe given. Thus is was suggested that marathon runners be given lime drops or other forms of sugar to help them undergo the loss that takes place during excess activity. However, sugars can not replace proteins in the diet. A certain amount of sugar can be derived from proteins in times of stress, but the complex proteins can not be created in any way from sugars. If a child is fed a diet that has too much sugar and which is deficient in proteins, f#ts and minerals, it will increase in weight rapidly, clue to the fact that a lot of water is retained in the bocl. . An infant that is fed an excess amount of sugar is pale and flabby, ; actually waterlogged, and is no ; ; capable of activity, nor of resisting infection. Infants that have been overfed on sweetened condensed milk or on malted milk and which have not received a proper amount of the other necessary food substances may appear fat and chubby, but will at the same time not be adapted properly to undergo the visicissitudes of infection nor she activities of life.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column arc those of one of America’s most iDtrrestine writers and are presented w-itbout regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this naper.—The Editor.

vocably doomed to disappointment. If taking vocal lessons were any fun, this situation would not be so tragic. But of all dull grinds singing practice is one of the worst. Pupils who realize that they hate it would do well to quite immediately. Where there is no engrossment, there can be no success. ana Dismal Jobs f~\F course, civilization is complicated by the fact that there are a few dismal jobs which nobody wants to do. I have faith that these may become less with the advance of invention. Yet even now certain more or less monotonous tasks exist which can command enthusiastic recruits. For instance, nothing seems duller to me than the business of farming, but we know that every great city is crowded with amateur gardeners eager to get on the land and wrestle with it. Just as we have established exchange professorships so we might establish occupational exchanges. Each year, for instance, a hundred minor clerks in New York with agricultural ambitions might swap jobs with an equal number of farmhands from Kansas. And if my secret yearning must be revealed, I’d like to trade places for a season with a matinee idol. ICopyright. 1930, bv The Tiiresi

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.NOV. 21, 1900

SCIENCE -BY DAVID DIETZ—-

Both the American Indian and thc'Eskiypo Came From Asia, Sa y s Dr. Ales Hrdlicka. PROOF that a civilization flourished In Alaska before the coming of the Eskimo has been established by the researches of Dr. Ales Hrdlicka, famous anthropoligist of the Smithsonian Institution. In a recent address before the American Philosophical Society in Philadelphia. Dr. Hrdlicka told of the work which he has been directing in Alaska and the results which it has yielded to date. “Since 1926 intensive antlxropological and archeological work has been carried on by the Smithsonian Institution in Alaska.’’ Dr. Hrdlicka said. "The object of this work is to locate and save as far as possible the oldest remains of man that may be found, both skeletal and cultural; and at the same time a study is carried on of the remaining fullbloods, both Eskimo and Indian. “This follows earlier explorations by the institution carried on by Dali. Nelson. Murdoch and others, from the 60’s to the 90’s of the last century.” a a ts Culture Is Found 'T'HE chief aim of the studies since 1926 has been to discover data about me oul migrations from Asia to America. Dr. Hrdlicka said. “It now definitely is known," ho said, “that the American Indian did not arise on the American continent, but migrated here in fairly recent time, some time after the last glacial age, from northeastern Asia. “The results of the five years m the present researches are very enlightening and in some respects very important. They have enabled the institution to save for science a large amount of skeletal remains which otherwise soon would have gone to destruction. “They have resulted in a far mor, substantial knowledge of the Alaska Indian and Eskimo than was had before. “While on the archeological side there were located many old sites of occupation; there were gathered quantities of cultural objects that hitherto had been unknown; and above all there was discovered a wholly unexpected rich and highly artistic culture, represented mainly in implements of walrus ivory which since have become fossilized, and antedating the well-known Eskimo culture. “The work will take several more years to finish. Its extension to Asia is imperative. The eventual results w 7 ill be a paving of the field with solid facts where hitherto there have existed only more or less indistinct rough paths.”

Eskimoes Happy I'' HE full-blooded Indians of Alaska are rapidly vanishing. Dr. Hrdlicka says. The Eskimo, on the other hand, much more numerous and prolific, are keeping their own, perhaps even increasing. “They are excellent people, good workers, and the happiest lot in the world,” he says. “They are very sensible and helpful to the scientists. “But they are plagued with tuberculosis, which affects more than one-third of their number. They need and deserve a substantia! help in this direction." Dr. Hrdlicka says that both the American Indian and the Eskimo came from Asia. Just as the white man entered America by crossing the Atlantic in sailing vessels in the years following 1492 and then gradually progressed across the country in the following centuries, so he believes the Indian and the Eskimo entered America by crossing the Bering Straits, Bering Sea and Bristol Bay by canoe some thousands of years ago. He believes that the Indians entered by successive waves of immigration, starting after the last glacial age. “The farthest northwest of the American continent is Alaska." he says. “Here America approaches closest to the old world. “Less than fifty miles separate the two continents at their nearest points and even this distance is cu‘ in two by the Diomede islands. “It is here that the passing of man from the old to the new world was not only possible but inevitable. “According to the best scientificevidence, it was through this portal that America was peopled after the decline of the ice age."

Daily Thought

He that toucheth pitch shall be defiled therewith. Ecclesiastes 13:7. Wicked companions invite us ; o hell.—Fielding.