Indianapolis Times, Volume 42, Number 164, Indianapolis, Marion County, 18 November 1930 — Page 4

PAGE 4

S C P I P P J • H OW Atttt

The Smoot Mania Everybody is out of step, it seems, but Senator Smoot. Smoot knows and knows that he knows his way is the right way. Last spring quite a few politicians thought Smoot s high tariff was the right way. They would not believe the business men, bankers and economists who warned them against burdening the already sagging business system with a heavier tariff load. But now even most of the partisan politicians can see with their own eyes the havoc wrought by the Hawlcy-Smoot law—the loss of exports, closing of plants and laying off of more men in a time of severe depression. The politicians also <jan see the results of the November 4 election, when the voters of the country gave the higher tariff administration a drubbing it will not forget soon. But Smoot can not see. When Thomas W. Lamont and other experts described to the recent meeting of the Academy of Political Sciences the demonstrated folly of the Smoot tariff—as the thousand and more nonpartisan economists had predicted—Smoot replied: "The auestion now is whether the tariff is high enough, not whether it is too high. ’ It if clear that Smoot has been bitten with this Idea to the point of economic madness. Alone he is of no consequence. He can rave without doing much harm, without getting much popular response, but ridicule. His still high tariff mania is dangerous only because of his alliance with the White House. After this latest outburst, it is hard to believe-that Hoover —the man who not so long ago was leading a crusade against a general tariff increase—will continue to take his tariff policy from Smoot, Nevertheless, Hoover has done nothing so far to dissociate himself from the Smoot policy. Capone, Prohibitionist Mi. A1 Capone and our government seem to have changed roles in enforcing the dry law. Scarface says that grape concentrates, new product of Fruit Industries, Inc., of California, shall not be sold in his Chicago. Even If he has to send pome of his own enforcement officers down to Fresno to halt the traffic at its source. The government not only winks an eye at concentrates. It quotes Section 29 of the Volstead law snd several court decisions to prove that California grape men may squeeze juice till the cows come heme and purvey it, bag, baggage and bottle, in Mr. Capone's kingdom. It goes further, and dips into the grape business by underwriting the California vineyardists with a federal farm board loan of $16,257,730. Like Mr. Capone, we thought that such grape Juice had a way of sizzling into wine, "intoxicating, in fact.” But we now find the administration cheering u serape men of Mr. Hoover’s sunny state. Mabel Walker Willebrandt is their legal counsel. C. C. Teague. Hoover buddy, has come from California as farm board member and has arranged the big loan to save the hard-pressed grape industry from the disasters of overproduction. While the wets have been talking about getting modification, maybe the drys already have pulled it In through the back door. How to Be 111 and Solvent Illness is no picnic at the best. It bungs pam. Inconvenience, loss of time and work. This is bad enough. When to these is added either financial nun nr public charity as the price of decent medical care, the prospect of illness is a merger of tragedy and hightmare. Is there no way out? Evans Clark believes there is and sets forth his Plan in the Atlantic Monthly. He summarizes his scheme under the following heads: <l> group practice in medicine; (2) periodical medical examinations and <3> the insurance principle, which divides personal risks into fixed and regularly paid charges. By group practice he means the organization of a medical guild which will include one or more specialists in every important branch of medicine and surgery. This would combine the convenience of the old family doctor, who tried to do everything himself, with the expert care of the modern specialist. Every person treated could be referred to the pioper specialist right in the association. Dr. RorenVs Investigations show that patients of doctors thus organized pay less than 40 per cent of the fees charged by independent specialists for the same grade of medical service. The advantages of the periodical medical examination do not need to be defended at length. Nothing is more important in reducing the frequency of serious illness. These medical examinations can be given with much greater efficiency and economy by an association of doctors than by scattered specialists.. The most important and novel aspect of Mr. Clark s plan is his proposal of a fixed fee to be paid annually, by embers who received the services of the guild of doctors. This fixed sum is to be paid each year, Whether the individual and his dependents are ill or pot. The fee will not be any larger if all members of a family are ill during the year. provides a small and reasonable fixed charge cn # the member families and insures an adequate income to the physicians’ guild. The latter is to be paid the same each year, irrespective of the amount of illness treated. This gives the doctors both financial security and a special incentive to reduce illness among their potential patients. Under such system a man might pay $l3O a year for ten years for entire medical care instead of being faced all of a sudden with an emergency charge of $1,500 or more. He readily could meet the small charge each year. The big bill might keep him in debt for years or upset his whole budget or standard of living. This proposal not only would help doctor and patient. It also would eliminate the specter of state medicine, which is bound to come unless some way is provided of securing competent medical care for the masses without involving bankruptcy or pauperism. Mr. Clark's scheme is worthy of > serious concern |>y laity and medics alike. Women Need Work, Too In the panicky attempt to meet at the last minute the unemployment problem, which should have been mitigated by orderly advance planning, some desperate measures are being proposed. One of these Is the demand that employers fire women workers wnd give their jots to men. The theory is that men are family breadwinners, while women are holding jobs to make pin money or for the fun of it. That theory does not fit the facts. For better or for worse, millions of women have been drawn into the industrial system. They work for the same reason that men work—to live,*) eat. Their earnings are not movie money, but of dp milk

The Indianapolis Times (A BCHIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER) Owned and pubiithed daily lexcept Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos„ 214-220 West Maryland Street, Indianapolis, Ind. Price in Marion Connty. 2 cents a copy: elsewhere, a cents—delivered by carrier, 12 cents a week. BOYD CURLEY. ROY W. UOWARD. FRANK G MORRISON, Editor President Business Manager PHONE— Riley SMI TUESDAY. NOV. 18, 1930. Member of United Press, Kcrlpps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

money for babies. Their pay envelope long since has become a necessary part of the family budget. These women workers have become dependent upon industry, and industry has become dependent upon them. You may like that process, or you may not. That makes no difference. Any sudden attempt to interfere with that process means dislocation of industry ; means suffering for millions of families. There should be steady jobs for all who have to work and who want work, whether men or women. In this period of insufficient work, some must go without. So the emergency requires apportioning of jobs. Many women, as many men, will suffer. But surely the division of work can be made on a more careful and intelligent basis than the proposed discrimination against women. Young America's Heroes Light on the education of American youth is supplied in a test recently conducted in California. Professor L. A. Williams of the University of California had the teachers of six California junior and high schools ask their students, boys and girls from the seventh to twelfth grades, what men and women of past and present they considered the twenty-five greatest world leaders. The twenty-five most often named of the 1,619 in the list were: Lincoln, 2,217; Washington, 2,213; Luther Burbank. 1,642; Edison, 1,641; Columbus, 1,460; Roosevelt, 1,238; Woodrow Wilson, 1,040; Ford, 1,010; Pershing, 948; Franklin, 922; Calvin Coolidge, 787; Grant, 775; Longfellow, 764; Napoleon, 739; Robert Fulton, 688; Alexander Graham Bell, 676; Caesar, 673; Robert E. Lee, 613; Eli Whitney, 587; Thomas Jefferson, 570; Marconi, 546; Rockefeller, 444; Paderewski, 407; Wright brothers, 376. Note that Coolidge outranks Shakespeare, Pershing outstrips Napoleon and Grant beats Caesar. Notice that not a woman, not a. great religious prophet, only one major poet, appears in the list. The second twenty-five chosen in order of their ranks were: Joan of Arc, Caruso, Warren G. Harding, Samuel F. B. Morse, Foch, Daniel Boone, Helen Keller, Helen Wills, Betsy Ross, Mussolini, Andrew Jackson, Magellan, Florence Nightingale, Balboa, Monroe, Dickens, Carnegie, Hamilton, Amundsen, Pasteur, Sir Walter Scott, John McCormack, Paul Revere, Cyrus W. Field, Whittier. Among those not in the first fifty one finds a queer hodge-podge. Alexander the Great, “Ma" Ferguson, Jack Dempsey and John Paul Jones rank Nos. 51, 52, 53 and 54. Irving Berlin and Chopin are tied. Luther Burbank got 1,643 votes to Einstein’s 32. Cyrus McCormick got twice as many votes as Millikan. Mark Twain beat Tennyson, Jack London ran far ahead of Homer, Zane Grey outdistanced Plutarch, Booth Tarkington led Dante. And Airnee Semple McPherson was named as many times as were St. Peter, St. Paul, Abraham, John the Baptist, Joseph, Jacob, Isaiah and Ruth combined. Some of the reasons given were equally perplexing. Paul Revere was “one of the four horsemen”; Jefferson "grafted in the Declaration of Independence”; Susan B. Anthony “stopped prohibition”; Eli Whitney “invented cotton”; Drake ‘discovered San Francisco." Time was when a young man spent his time burning the midnight oil; now he usually squanders it on another flame. Thieves, says a news item, stole a hot stove in Hammond, Ind. Probably they’re mischievous fellows from Chicago’s Cook county. News that a Texas man was arrested for a murder committed in 1883 is heartening to New Yorkers. They may yet find a solution to the Rothstein case. As between the girls and the humor in current comedies, we’d say a miss was as good as a smile. Many a patient doesn’t realize how much a dentist really can bore until he starts a conversation. The economist who declared that cotton buyers need confidence intimates, of course, that, they should keep the boll rolling. May the expression, “burning the candle at both ends," was meant to apply to the fellow who always is lighted up. The New York schools are to teach correct posture by moving pictures. It seems the pupils will just have to stand for this.

REASON

OUR speedy recognition of the new government of Brazil caused much happiness among the people of that country, but the Russians, who have vainly asked for recognition for years, probably indulged in a different kind of expression. a a a Bandits held up the Yellow Cab office in Chicago and got away with $4,200. Tills is just about the total of the extra fares the Yellow Cab Company gets every day from passengers who are held up by Chicago traffic. a a a Thegovernmentl at Washington continues to tell military secrets, its last contribution to asininity being its disclosure of its intention to establish a force of fas tanks to assist the infantry. Somebody should put a muffer on the army and navy. a a a WE don’t believe Tom Heflin will get very far with his demand for a senatorial investigation of the recent election in which he was defeated by John H. Bankhead, for the latter’s majority was too big, but it would be a novelty to have Senator Nye’s committee investigate somebody besides a Republican. a a a The Indiana League of Women Voters will work for a constitutional amendment, providing for the election of judges on a nonpartisan ticket, but this does not promise much improvement. What we need is a simplification of judicial procedure. sa a a fF Senator Brookhart wishes to stay in office he should watch his step, for if he follows his threat to join the Democrats m the organization of the senate he* will return to private life. Senator Norris was able to leave his party and get away with it, but few can do it and survive. a a a The other day Dr. C. Stephenson began his fifth year in the northern prison, and from indications he will not only observe his wodden anniversary behinds bars, but many others as well. a a a It was not only patriotism, but good politics for the Democratic leaders to announce that they would jol nhands with the Republicans t* help Uncle Sam out of the mire.

RY FREDERICK LANDIS

_ THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

Immediate and Effective Job Relief Must Come From States, Cities or Voluntary Agencies. WE did not hold an election for nothing two weeks ago. | though some people seem to have i thought so. Senator Smoot still is Senator ; Smoot and Senator Borah still is Senator Borah, to illustrate the situation with only two outstanding examples. Public opinion changed, but the opinion of political leaders did not. The old guard, the Progressives ! and the Democrats believe exactly ! as they did Nov. 3. In spite of continued depression, jin spite of the hard winter with ] which we are threatened, in spite j of the obvious need of quick, effeci tive measures, and in spite of that J fine gesture for co-operation made | by the “Seven- Sages,” the old lines I will be established soon after coni gress assembles, with the Democrats i a little stronger, the Progressives a little cockier and the old guard a j little more desperate, j -But this is worth jotting down in | your memory: The Democrats are | not in such need of Progressive \ help as they have been during the | last two years. tt tt O ' Action Is Vital THE essence of the situation consists in the fact that im- ! mediate and effective relief must come from the states, cities or voluntary agencies. Maybe it’s better so. Whether it is or not, that’s the way it will come. Undoubtedly congress will adopt certain routine measures, but as a general * proposition they will be sufficiently colorless, and, consequently, sufficiently ineffectual, to provide ground for disagreement. Those who are concerned over unemployment, hunger, and all the other distress incident to a business slump only would be fooling themselves to look for heroic action at Washington. The chances are that we shall hear a great deal about the sorry conditions in which we find ourselves, about what might have been done last year, and what ought to be done next year, but 90 per cent of it will be in the nature of political propaganda. ana They Keep Their Views NO matter how generously Senator Smoot may weep, he will contend that, instead of being too high, the existing tariff is too low. No matter how sincerely opposed to a filibuster Senator Borah may be, he will argue that debentures are what the farmer needs. The anti-power group will demand action on Muscle Shoals, the antiprohibition group will call for repeal of the eighteenth amendment, and the anti-administration crowd, which includes them all, will be able to organize a commanding majority. As to the three or four million people who are looking for work, and many of whom are obliged to get their daily rations through breadlines or soup kitchens, they might as well make up their minds to be satisfied with such comfort as they can extract from words of sympathy. a a u Government Fails TWO years ago, we were told by political leaders, irrespective of party, that a policy should be developed whereby the government could provide work on roads, public structures, or other public improvements in time of emergency. Such an emergency has existed during the last twelve months. A majority of states and cities have done what they could to put such policy into effect. Many business enterprises actually have strained themselves to keep up the usual pay roll, or a pay roll that approxinfeted it. Voluntary agencies have been organized or expanded on every hand. Compared to what the neople have ! done, either through the smaller j units of government, or on their i own initiative, the federal govern- i ment has done very little. An extra session of congress could have been called, and should have been called, last July. Even so, it would have been compelled to work fast and efficiently to provide what palpably was need for the winter. n n st Theories Won't Help WELL, we might as well dismiss that as water gone by the mill, but we cars not afford to dismiss it as suggestive of the kind of water that still is going by. What our millions of jobless need right now is not theories as how such a situation can be prevented in the future, but opportunities that can be translated into meat and drink. Twelve years ago our government found it possible to raise $30,000,000,000 within a comparatively short time. One-tenth of that amount, if made available for such public work s,s the federal government is ready to carry on, or for loans to cities and states, would go far toward j rectifying the situation.

Questions and Answers

Is long: staple cotton grown in the United States? It is grown in the United States and averages approximately 10 per cent of the total cotton production. How many times has the city of Philadelphia celebrated the signing of the Declaration of Independence? There have been two great celebrations; the Centennial, at Fairmount park in 3876; and the Sesquicentennial—lso y£ars—in South Philadelphia in 1926. If a compass Is placed in a vacuum, and both are placed in a changing magnetic field will the compass needle more? Yes. What is the name of John Barrymore’s new yacht? Os what material is it built? It is a steel yacht named Infanta. How many stomach has a cow and what are they called? Four: The rumen, where the food is held until the cow is ready to chew it; the reticulum, where the food passes after the cow has “chewed its cud"; the omasun and the abomasun, the true stomach.

. 7 ’

Nutrition Determines Child’s Advance

This is the fifth of a scries of unusual articles on child nutrition and habits of children. BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hysreia, the Health Magazine. THE mental progress of the child and its muscular development proceed normally at such rate that the infant is able to hold its head up at about the third month. Abou the same time he can begin to grasp objects, but not to co-ordi-nate accurately. Thus he sometimes will put in his eye that which he aims at his mouth. By the age of six months he can reach for objects and begins to guess properly at distances. By the seventh month the normal infant can sit alone. It can not sit steadily until the eighth or ninth month. The average infant tries to creep

IT SEEMS TO ME by h ™d

A DECISION handed down this week has done much to revive my waning faith in judges and their wisdom. I refer to the unanimous opinion by which Learned Hand, Thomas W. Swan, and Augustus Hand unanimously decided that the author of “Abie’s Irish Rose" could not recover from the authors of “The Cohens and the Kellys.” I have not been sympathetic with more than one in every thousand suits for plagiarism. I readily will admit that Anne Nichols undoubtedly brought the recent action in all good faith. But the looseness of the law and the folly of many decisions have encouraged shoddy and sometimes erratic playwrights to plague the author of every stage success. tt a Literary Fences AND now the United States court of appeals has put distinct and wholly reasonable limits upon the establishment and monopoly around an -idea. This is a very necessary decision, if either literature or drama is to survive and flourish. If property rights can be established in a mere idea, then there would be only one “Romeo and Juliet" and never any other. It is nonsense to permit any creative artist to stake out a claim around an idea or a formula. In all truth, the so-called idea may be, and often is, less than nothing. It is the mood and treatment which make for high achievement or plain rubbish. Surely it would be a pity to say that some hack may seize upon what- is called a “new twist” and, having marred the notion, still insist that no other shall attempt to improve or refine it. n * * Learned Jurist AT the moment I am plagiarizing from the decision written by Judge Learned Hand, who said: “If “Twelfth Night" was copyrighted it is quite possible that a second comer might so closely imitate Sir Toby Belch or Malvolio as to infringe, but it would not be enough that for one of the characters he cast a riotous knight, who kept wassail to the discomfort of the household or a vain, foppish steward who became amorous of his mistress. “These would be no more than Shakespeare’s ideas in the play, as little capable of monopoly as Einstein’s doctrine of relativity or Darwin’s theory of the mutation of species. “It follows that the less the characters are developed the less can they be copyrighted. That is the penalty the author pays for making them too indistinctly.” 'ana A Coincidence SINCE this was written by a,distinguished jurist, I assume that it is good law, and by a strange coincidence it happens also to be sound common sense. Asa former dramatic critic I often have been assailed by acquaintances and semi-perfect strangers saying: “I'd like to have a couple of hours of your time —I've got a swell Mea. for a play.” j In such cstks it generally has been my custom to lie and pretend that

Government by Gossip

DAILY HEALTH vSERVICE

by the end of the ninth month and to walk by the end of the first year. A normal infant can recognize its mother around the third or fourth month and begin to understand words at the end of the tenth month. It will try to speak a few words at -the end of the first year. There is, however, a great deal of difference among infants as to the time when they begin to speak and as to the time, when they begin to put words together in order to make phrases in short sentences. Usually the infant can make a short sentence by the end of two years. If the nutrition of the child Is poor, it certainly will not progress as rapidly physically or mentally as one that is fed properly arid that absorbs the food that is given to it. Thus a child 3 years old that has not been fed properly and that suffers from rickets may be unable to talk, or even sit up alone.

at some time I would be charmed to sit and listen to an outline of the plot. If I were braver and more honest I would say to any one who came around with “a good idea for a play”: “Well, what of it? There must be several million ‘good ideas’ for plays and novels and short stories. But a good idea isn’t a play or anything like it. “Go home and write your play, and then show it to somebody else. I’m no expert. Even if I read it, I probably wouldn’t know whether it

People’s Voice

Editor Times—Quite a bit is being said about how to relieve unemployment. I think you struck a keynote when you said that public ownership probably would be the better way. One of Arthur Woods’ aids, just a few days ago, a lady whose name I can’t recall, said that home owners and housewives should at once have “that long contemplated job doner> She named several things, such as “laying that new floor and repairing .the furniture.” She didn’t mention taking the old, dead trees down from their lawns, and streets. Os course she couldn’t mention everything. Well, an idea struck me. I am out of work, cut of money and out of fuel, perhaps I can get a job, grubbing some trees, make a little money and get some fuel. So f started out. I have driven two half days, have seen scores of dead trees, and old snags, but they are such beautiful ornaments that I never have yet been able to convince any one that they should pay me something to take them down. A few people have opened up their hearts and told me I could take them down provided I would grub them out and remove all litter, for the wood. ' , o£hich means, do $5 worth of work for $1 worth of wood. Now of course that would relieve unemployment all right, but I am sure life would be considerably harder. I sometimes wonder if all this relief talk amounts to anything worth while. We have a hand-to-mouth system at the best, and just now charity must drop a crumb ftito the hand so there will be something to put into the mouth. How long, O Lord, how long. W. B. S. 622 Lexington avenue. Editor Times—ln a recent copy of The Times I read of a married woman telling us poor people that the working people of our good town are willing to help those of us out of work, and that the average wage a man makes is S2O a week. I am a married man with four in the family, and 111 thank any one to pay me $lO a week so I can live like an American citizen. W. W. C. Editor Times—ls there is any one in our great city who has any authority or is capable of settling the affairs of our banks which are in trouble, you would confer a great favor to the thousands of depositors whose money is all tied up. while someone is being appointed to see who can run.jp the biggest ' bill for services rented. ONE OF MANY.

The average person may believe that the child is defective mentally, whereas the only difficulty may be the fact that it has not been fed properly or that it has failed to absorb the food that is given to it. Just as soon as such children are given proper amounts of proteins, carbohydrates and fats; as soon as they receive the mineral salts necessary for proper building of blood and of bones; as soon as their vitamin deficiencies are supplied through the giving of cod liver oil, orange juice, liver and sufficient amounts of such vegetables as lettuce, spinach, cabbage, string beans and similar substances, they begin to show rapid development of the muscles, fat develops under the skin, and co-ordinately the mind shows improvement, which is proof of the fact that there has been no actual mental deficiency, but only delay because of improper nutrition.

Ideals and opinions expressed In this column are those of one of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without i-eearo to their or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this oarer.—The Editor.

was good, or not, and if I did, there wouldn’t be anything I could do about it.” There is a popular notion that a play may come as a sudden flash of inspiration, like a successful pun. Few realize the detail, the rigors of construction and of development. a a a Idea Itself One of the most successful American comedies which I ever have seen was built around no idea at all. At least, no more than “ A young man falls in love with a girl, and she says that she will marry him if he will move to a slightly larger city, because she doesn’t like the little town in which they both live. 'Between the first and second acts they do get married, and in the second act it Is shown that things are not going so well with them. In the third act they become reconciled.” I do not believe that any producer would leap to his feet and toss his hat in the air if a playwright brought him that summary as the basis for a smashingly successful comedy. Just the same, it happens to be an accurate outline of the plot of Frank Craven’s “The First Year.” It seems to me that an idea should have about the same status as a greased pig. _ (CoDvrlKht. 1930. by The Times) *

Daily Thought

Be not wise in your own conceits.—Romans 16:16. _ It Is the admirer of himself, and not the admirer* of virtue, that thinks himself superior to others. —Plutarch.

Why are a widow’s mourning garments called “widow’s weeds?’' A weed is defined as a garment of any sort, especially an outer garment; hence, garments in general, especially the whole costume worn at any one time; commonly used in the! plural, and chiefly in the phrase “widow’s weeds,” the mourning dress of a widow.

Countries of Europe The eWorld war and the peace treaties changed the map of Europe—and changed the map of Europe’s colonies, dominions, possessions and mandated territory. Teachers, school boys and girls and grownups, too, will be interested In our Washington bureau’s new bulletin, COUNTRIES OF EUROPE AND THEIR COLONIES, now ready. It gives brief facts about all European countries and their possessions in all parts of the world, fox-ms of government, rulers, population, area, etc. Fill out |he coupon below and send for it. CLIP COUPON HERE Geography Editor, Washington Bureau, The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York avenue, Washington, D. C. 1 want a copy of the bulletin COUNTRIES OF EUROPE and inclose herewith 5 cents in coin, or loose uncancelled United States postage stamps to cot*; return postage and handling costs. Name Street and No City State I a#n a reader of The 4. napolis Times. 'Code No.)

_NOV. 18, 1930

SCIENCE BY DAVIT) DIETZ Outstanding Work of Rear Admiral Watson Taylor in Engineering to Re* Rewarded.

THE highest honor within ttM ranks of American engineering, the John Fritz gold medal, has been awarded for 1931 to Rear Admiral David Watsbn Taylor. He has been given it, according to official announcement of the John Fritz Medal Board of Reward, “for outstanding achievement in marine architecture, for revolutionary results of persistent research In hull design, for improvement In many types of warships, and for distinguished service as chief constructor of the United States navy during the World war. The board of award consists of four representatives of each of the four big American engineering societies, the civil, the mining and metallurgical the mechanical and the electrical. Recent recipients of the medal include Raiph Modjeski, famous designer and builder of big bridges: President Herbert Hoover, John J. Carty of the American Telephone & Telegraph Cos, who had charge of Uncle Sam’s telephone lines in France during the war; and Ambrose Sv/asey, builder of big telescopes ind founder of the Engineering Foundation. a a a Cut Coal Bill ADMIRAL TAYLOR is credited with having cut the coal bill of the United States navy in two by his improvements. Many of his suggestions have been adopted generally by all classes of ships throughout the world. Admiral Taylor, born in Virginia in 1864, attended Randolph-Macon college from 1877 to 1881, and then entered the United States Naval academy, from which he was graduated in 1885 at the head of his class w.th the highest honors ever attained there up to that time. He then was ordered to take a post-graduate course at the Royal Naval college, Greenwich. England, which he completed in 1888. His mark was the highest obtained by any student, English or foreign, who had entered courses of naval architecture and marine engineering since they were established at the Royal Naval collegp about 1873. During 1912 to 1913 Taylor started experiments for exact information on aerodynamic forces. Pioneer work in 1905 on ventilating fans and pipes, together with his knowledge of hydrodynamics, had prepared him for aerodynamic work He accordingly built one of the first wind tunnels in this country, for some years the largest and most powerful in the world. tt SS tt Atlantic Flight TAYLOR S interest in aeronautics led to the first flight by airplane across the Atlantic ocean. Taylor was appointed chief of the bureau of construction and repair of the United States navy in 1914 and rear admiral in 1917. As chief constructor he initiated aeronautical development work In 1918, foreseeing the possibility of an acute shortage of shipping facilities to Europe, he inaugurated the design of a giant flying boat which could proceed to Europe by air. This resulted in the first flight across the Atlantic in 1919 of the NC-4, eight years before Lindbergh’s journey in a commercial plane. During the World war Taylor was a member of the aircraft production board and his foresight again took the form of initiating work on a naval airship design after the armistice. The Shenandoah was designed under his direction, the building of the ship being completed by the newly formed bureau of aeronautics. Utilization of the model basin for the evolutions of forms of flying boat hulls and seaplane pontoons was another of his creative achievements. Asa result, American naval types of plane floats have set the standard and have been extensively copied throughout the world.

ASA GRAY’S BIRTH November 18 ON Nov. 18, 1810, Asa Gray, the foremost botanist of America during his period, was born at Paris, N, Y. After graduation In medicine at Fairfield college, Gray became curator of the New York Lyceum of Natural History. This began his career as a professional botanist. In 1838 he received his first definite position as botanist, when he was appointed professor of natural history at University of Michigan. Following a leave of absence, during which he made an intensive study of American flora. Gray was appointed natural history professor at Harvard, where he afterward made his great reputation, and helped that institution become the American center of botanical instruction. In 1848 he issued his famous Manual. Said to rank amofig the leading botanists not only of America, but of the age, Gray was elected to the American Hall of Fame in 1900, only twelve years after his death.