Indianapolis Times, Volume 42, Number 157, Indianapolis, Marion County, 10 November 1930 — Page 4

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S C H 1 p P J - M OW Atl>

Pull Together We share the gratification which most voters must feel over the statements issued by President Hoover and seven Democratic leaders following the Democratic landslide in the election. Both statements emphasized the necessity of co-operation to achieve economic recovery. “The job for the country now is to concentrate on further measures of co-operation for economic recovery;’ said Hoover. “This is the only suggestion I have to make on this occasion.” The Democrats were more specific, especially regarding the need to correct the worst rates of the Hawiey-Smoot tariff law which is intensifying and prolonging the depression. The statement was signed by three former presidential nominees, Cox, Davis and Smith; the party leaders in congress, Senator P.obinson and Representative Gamer, and the national committee chiefs, Raskob and Shouse. As these leaders said: "The country faces a parlous situation . . . The task ahead is to repair the damage, to get the ship ol state back on even keel, and to go ahead on a course which will bring us but of the tempest with the least disturbance and the greatest speed consistent with safety. “The Democratic party faces its duty with a firm determination to permit no thought of political advantage to swerve it from the course best for the country.” We are prepared to take this pledge seriously. We often find fault with the Democratic party as n national organization, but it has a good record for co-operation with the administration on issues which transcend party division. Such splendid co-operation was shown in the negotiation and ratification of the London naval treaty. Failure of the last congress to pass remedial unemployment legislation was not the fault of the Democrats, but of the administration. So with the tariff. The Democrats co-operated with those few Republicans who tried to carry out pledges of both parties against a general tariff increase. If President Hoover assumes vigorous political leadership, hitherto lacking, on vital Issues affecting the prosperity and peace of the nation, we believe he will have the effective support in congress of the best elements of both the Democratic and Republican parties. ' Justice Brandeis Not until there is a possibility of losing him do we realize what Justice Brandeis means in the public life of America. It has been suggested that Justice Brandeis might retire from the United States supreme court to head the World Zionist movement. Within the last few days, also, there has been published a compilation of the social and economic views of this wise and farseeing person which emphasizes the great part he has played in the thought and development of the nation. Perhaps no man more unfalteringly has expressed and interpreted tire best ideals of America over a long period of years. These ideals Were his ruling principle of life before he mounted the bench, when his time was spent fighting unwholesome social conditions. As a member of the supreme court, his allegiances never have changed. His notable legal learning and wide economic knowledge are shown in the thirty most important judicial opinions included in the new book. Twentysix of these are dissents. They show him fighting to protect workingmen from oppression; supporting labor In its fights to gain a status where it can bargain equally with capital; upholding welfare legislation designed to combat unemployment, long hours of labor and Insanitary working conditions. “We must bear in mind that the United States is a democracy and that we must have, above all things, men,” he said once. Justice Brandeis has fought with equal ardor to protect man’s right to individual thought and freedom. He believes that “in frank expression of conflicting opinion lies the greatest promise of wisdom in governmental action; and in suppression lies ordinarily the greatest peril.” When Charlotte Anita Whitney was found guilty of criminal syndicalism, he expressed* this belief even more eloquently, saying: “Those who won our independence believed that the final end of the state was to make men free to develop their faculties, and that in its government the dcliberative f forces should prevail over the arbitrary. “They valued liberty both as a means and an end. They believed liberty to be the secret of happiness, and courage to be the secret of liberty. They believed that freedom to think as you will and to speak as you think are means indispensable to the discovery and spread of political truth.” The words of Mr. Justice Brandeis, dissenting, will live when those of his colleagues whose opinions usually prevail are forgotten. His retirement from the supreme court would be a national calamity. The League Is Fading Out The Anti-Saloon League is losing its grip.* It is on its way out. Some day its history will be written as an important part of the history of this country—this history of an organization founded by a group of Methodist preachers at Westerville, 0., which became the most powerful Influence In politics this country ever has known. Beginning with President Harding, it actually was the government, and the late Wayne Wheeler wielded a more powerful influence on congress than did President Harding himself. Even in Woodrow Wilson’s day It controlled congress—and a Democratic congress at that —when President Wilson couldn't. It had power enough to pass the Volstead act over Wilson's veto. It had power enough to make President Harding quit drinking, though he had been a moderate drinker all his life. It was Wayne Wheeler who forced a promise out cf_ Harding to quit drinking just before Harding started- on that last trip to the northwest, during which he died. There are several reasons why the league is losing its grip. Contributions from captains of Industry are dwindling, and many of them vigorously now are fighting the noble economic experiment which failed. Church members are losing faith in prohibition as a temperance policy, as they see for themselves all the evil results of trying to pound what they call morality into people's heads with a policeman's club or the rough work of coast guard gunmen. And. third, because of these two causes of the revolt against Volsteadism. politicians are losing their fear of the Anti-Saloon League lobby and affiliated prohibition organizations. 1 Pour ,ye%rs ago. the Anti-Saloon League "Crowd put up a third candidate for United States senator in New

The Indianapolis Times (▲ BCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER) Owned and pnbliihed daily (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos„ 214-220 West Maryland Street. Indianapolis, Ind. Price In Marion County, 2 cents a copy; elsewhere, 3 cents —delivered by carrier, 12 cents a week. : BOYD GURLEY, ROY IV. HOWARD, FRANK G MORRISON, Editor President Business Manager rHONK-Riley 6531 MONDAY. NOV. 10. 1930. Member of United Presa, Scrlpps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way."

York for no other purpose than to defeat Senator Wadsworth for re-election—and elected a wetter wet than Wadsworth In the person of Senator Wagner. Its Idea was to rule or ruin, to defeat a Republican who refused to wear the league’s ring in his nose. Loss of financial support from big business, loss of followers in the churches, loss of fear on the part of politicians—these will be followed by loss of support of some of the churches which heretofore have recognized the Anti-Saloon League as the official political arm of the Federal Council of Churches of Christ in America; and, finally, the loss of soft jobs by an army of preachers who left their pulpits to play politics. A Real Mather Monument Here and there over the country, the interior department Informs us,' small groves or individual trees are being planted in memory of the late Stephen T. Mather, first national park director and great lover o t trees. A more fitting memorial would be a national reforestation program. Forestry experts tell us that at the present rate of cutting and burning our forests will not last more than thirty or forty years. Some say that in a decade we will begin to feel the J?inch of a lumber famine. Each year we cut 10,000,000 acres of timber, onehalf of which is virgin forest. And our tree-planting programs are hardly more imposing than the efforts of the late director's admirers. Tree planting on an adequate scale Is a federal job. Right now it would serve a double function as a conservation and unemployment aid. Since it takes nearly fifty years for a tree to fully mature, it is none too soon to begin. Years ago John Muir, also a lover of trees, made an appeal for dwindling western forests that Uncle Sam well might paste in his hat. “Any fool,” he said, “can* destroy trees. It took more than 3 000 years to make some of the trees in these western woods. Through all the wonderful, eventful centuries since Christ’s time, God has cared for these trees, saved them from drought, disease, avalanches and a thousand straining, leveling tempests and floods; but He can not save them from fools—only Uncle Sam can do that.” The Shoe Pinches Senator Claude A. Swanson of Virginia is said to have solicited the aid of the state department, in attempting to block a proposed increase in the tariff on tobacco by Germany. Growers in Virginia, Maryland and other states would be injured seriously if the higher levy were Imposed. We sympathize with Senator Swanson’s solicitude for his constituents. But, we wonder, what can the stale department do about it. Scores of protests from foreign governments were lodged against our own recently enacted tariff while it was being debated, and congress blithely ignored them. We are not now in position to complain if other countries employ our own' tactics. When we correct the injustices and absurdities of our tariff, we may expect similar justice from foreign governments —but probably not before. In lifting the quarantine on parrots just before election, perhaps the government reckoned its action would draw the voters’ attention to the polls. Two prize fighters are named Kid Chocolate and Kid Bo Bon. And judging from the grade of boxing we’ve been getting lately, there’s no mistake in calling the fan an all-day sucker. The French academy has decided officially to name the grape fruit Pomplemousse. But will a grape fruit by any other name taste as sweet? Soviet Russia is celebrating its thirteenth anniversary, and it’s natural to suppose they’ll be painting their towns Red. Those scientists who are said to have split the second into millions of parts seem not to care what they do with their time. If Gene Tunney loses that $500,000 suit against him he will again have the opportunity of giving an opponent a long count. “British Win Battery Duel With Chinese.” Headline. The boys seem bound to have their innings.

REASON n F ™ CK

WE congratulate Babe Ruth on his adoption of two children. It’s the best home run he ever made. Man is most nearly civilized when he adopts an orphan. a an If there’s another life after this, and we have a hunch there is, then the fellow who has helped the helpless in this life will be met at the pearly gates and given the freedom of the city. tt tt tt This thing of human greatness depends on your viewpoint. For instance, Bernard Shaw said the other day that Einstein is the greatest man now breathing air, but we don’t believe it. a u THE greatest man we’ve heard of for many a year was a traffic policeman down in St. Louis. He and his wife had no children of their own, but they actually adopted and raised something like thirty-five orphans. tt tt That traffic policeman and his wife make all the kings and queens of earth look like a lot of deuces and from the standpoint of actual good done, they have all the rest of as backed clear off the boards. a a tt Sir Thomas Lipton's decision to contest for the America's cup two years from now means that the canny old boy still realizes that he is getting more advertising for less money than any other merchant in the world. an a THE superintendent of public instruction of South Dakota wants a radio piaffed in every school. It’s fine in a way to make education absolutely painless, but when a fellow has it wafted into his system by a miracle we doubt whether it will do him as much good as when he digs it cut by the roots. a u m The prince of Wales says that it worries him to make a speech, which places him in the thoroughbred class, for most of the great orators and actors have felt the same way about it, to the degree that they have trembled frcm stage fright. a tt a MOST*of the statesmen are now coming out for a five-day week, which means that we will have to build more miniature golf courses, also widen all the highways. a u m Somebody ought to be appointed to go out and take down all the campaign Futures, now that the battle is over.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

You Are Going to See All Kinds of Bills Introduced When Congress Assembles, and All Kinds of Tricks Played,. nPHE election seems to have had a stimulating effect on President Hoover. He has not opened his mouth since last Tuesday without saying something worthwhile and constructive. This was especially true of his short address in connection with’ the Heinz celebration, in which he took occasion to emphasize that machines were made for men, not men for machines. That idea needs emphasis, not only in business, but in politics. People the world over are putting too much faith in machinery and too little in themselves. When things go wrong, the first impulse is to look for anew invention or device. The hardest thing for people to admit is that many of their troubles go back to inherent weaknesses for which no ready-made remedy exists. n n tt Too Much Partisanship No matter now gratifying the recent election may have been in certain respects, it still confronts us with the danger of mechanized politics. The habit of building up party organizations at any cost still represents the most serious threat to effective co-operation. Though we face an emergency that is obviously national, and therefore nonpartisan, too many politicians are inclined to look at it through partisan eyes. The statement issued last Friday by seven leading Democrats, in which the party’s co-operation was promised for measures designed to relieve the economic slump, was a masterpiece. One can not understand why it was not accepted by all Republicans and approved by all Democrats as a sincere, constructive suggestion, but Senator Watson,, though professing to meet it half way, muddies the water by tossing in the uncalled for and illogical assumption that it guarantees support for Republican policy. Senator Brookhart prefers to regard it as a proposition designed to help Wall Street, and certain Democrats take issue with it because, as they say, the attitude of the Democratic party in congress will be determined by Democratic congressmen. u tt u They’ll Try Tricks IT is to be admitted that the seven leaders who issued this statement have no authority to tell the Democratic party what it should or should not do, but who supposes that they are attempting anything of the kind? • Besides, the wisdom of an idea does not depend on its source, but on the idea itself. Why should the Democratic party quarrel with good advice, no matter where it comes from? Why should politicians reject a sound policy because it did not happen to come through the prescribed channels of politics. There is no answer, except the worship of mechanism. There is no doubt that the two major parties will work together for certain relief measures and supply bills which are too obviously sensible to be sidestepped, but there also is no doubt that they will take advantage of every situation to outsmart each other, no matter how likely they are to upset the applecart. tt a tt People Must Speak YOU are going to see all kinds of bills introduced when congress assembles and you are going to see all kinds of tricks played for no reason in the world except to keep up the good old game. The only thing that could stop such a performance is a vigorous expression of public opinion. The American people will have to make themselves heard if they get what they want out of congress this winter. The session begins In December and ends March 4, with less than seventy-five working days. That leaves little time for politics, if adequate measures for relieving the unemployment situation are tiassed. Relieving the unemployment situation is the first and most important business to be transacted. After that it will be time enough to build fences for 1932.

“H C OiAy' 15' THE-

BIRTH OF LUTHER November 10 /’"'VN Nov. 10, 1483, Martin Luther, founder of- Protestant Christianity, was born at Eiselben, Germany, the son of a poor miner. After graduation from the University of Erfurt with a master’s degree at 22, Luther entered a friary. Required to take a trip to Rome, he came into contact for the first time with the authority of the Roman church, and received an unfavorable impression. Luther soon attacked the system of the church in collecting money from the masses with the understanding it would absolve their sins. He also denied the supremacy of the bishop of Rome. Luther, though in favor with the German ruler, Charles, was forced to go into hiding. Sent in secret to one of Charles’ castles, Luther wtote many important works, including his translation of the Bible from the Greek. In 1522 Luther returned to Wittenberg, where he previously had taught his new church. His doctrines included a rejection of asceticism and of the monastic life. The religious movement that he initiated changed the face of Europe and divided Christendom into two great sections, Catholic and Protestant. When did the Russo-Japanese war start? What was the cause and when was the treaty of peace signed? The war started Feb. 8, 1904, and the treaty of peace was signed Sept. 5, 1905. The principal cause was the ambition of Russia to make herself the most powerful nation in the far east, and her attempts to curtail the conquests Japan had made of Chinese territory in 1893.

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DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Child’s Limp May Become Serious

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia. the Health Magazine. WHEN a child who previously has walked in quite satisfactory manner suddenly begins -to limp, the parents naturally become greatly concerned. Their concern is warranted, for the simple reason that the limp may be due to some serious general condition or to some disorder of greatest importance in the health of the child. As pointed out by Dr. George A. Ramsay, the normal gait of a normal person is an example of perfect synchronism. It demands that the bones of the limbs should be equal in length, that the joints move smoothly, and that the nerves controlling the muscles be in a normal state. A disturbance one of these factors will resultr in a disturbance of the gait. Hence an attempt to

IT SEEMS TO ME BY H broun D

POLITICS is the most arduous pursuit in which I ever Imve engaged, and I like it. In an evening neswpaper is an announcement that both Mr. Roosevelt and Mr. Tuttle gained weight while running for Governor. That also may be true of certain congressional candidates, but at least one of them has had no time to get on the scales. The same newspaper states that Mr. Roosevelt made eighteen speeches and Mr. Tuttle seventythree. That seems trivial to a person who. has done 319. Os course, on many occasions it was the same speech. I have in mind the mental strain of campaigning even more than the physical. It is an occupation which strides into your waking hours. A few days before election I indulged in a nightmare concerning a collision between two taxicabs. Naturally, I was in one of them. That’s why it was a night mare. The force of the impact locked the two front fenders and a crowd gathered to pry the cars apart. And in the dream I rose from the debris of one taxicab to say: “Friends, if you don’t mind I now will address you briefly on the issues of this campaiga” ana Sidewalks THERE had been a lot of street meetings on the night before and it is the street meeting which provides the greatest strain, both mental and physical. And maybe vocal should be added. I lost my voice at least half a dozen times, but always managed to fish it back again. The chief difficulty about a street meeting is to get your nucleus. Along Broadway it is no great trouble to have and to hold a crowd if only' you can get the first half dozen. Nobody wants to be the first person at a meeting. Only when four or more are gathered together will he join in. On the whole, crowds are friendly to any speaker. Heckling was comparatively rare and almost wholly Communist. Only once was I booed or hissed, and that was indoors at a dinner where I ventured to speak of President Herbert Hoove ’s dryness. Asa rule, people listen with polite attention even when they disagree 'violently with the assertions of the speaker. They are timid about interrupting, because a crowd sides with the man on the stepladder, whether it happens to like him or not. nan Keeping Them Small MY own choice always was for small meetings—l mean fifty i or sixty people. With a gathering of that size it is possible to talk in a casual and conventional way. Over I the hundred mark there is the temptation to grow oratorical. I had two meetings with more than two thousand in the crowd. One was an open air group in the district where Judge Panken was running. There we spoke from a fire escape on the second floor down to a tightly wedged mass of listeners. The other big meeting was in the chapel of New York university. The smallest meeting was a speech delivered to a couple of listepers on the corner of Seventy-second street and Broadway on a damp and bitter afteraooh*. In spite of the ur%ropitious

e The Mourners' Bench

analyze the cause for the limp demands careful study on the part of a competent expert. It is important to know by measurements whether the limbs are equal in length and in strength. It is important to examine the patient without clothing. The physician must be concerned with the question as to whether there is pain on motion. He. must study the strength of muscles. He must find out whether the leg is jerky and forcible or whether the leg is relaxed and without tone. In many instances children develop a waddling gait because of congenital dislocation of the hips. There may be absence of some of the bones in the legs at birth; in the act of birth nerves may be torn. Such diseases as infantile paralysis and inflammation of the nerves or of the brain may incapacitate the nerve control permanently. There is possibility of fracture of

weather, I decided that I would take a chance and try to build up a crowd. Very few people were out, and none stopped, but the original two. I talked on and on and waved my arms, but it was impossible to gain even one more recruit. And when I ended one of the two said, “Well, I think I’ll vote for you,” and the other remarked, “I’m not in your district. I just happened over from Philadelphia for the afternoon.” tt tt Game of Matches I FOUND that simple props were useful for street corner meetings and I developed a small game played with two boxes of matches. One box, issued by my Democratic opponent, had a black cover, while the Republican matches were white. I used to hold up both boxes at

Views of Times Readers

Editor Times—As the annual Community Fund rush is over, there are a few things as to its division which should be called forcibly to the attention of the sponsors of this annual campaign. 1. Why should the Boy Scouts share in the fund, when all members are compelled to pay weekly dues, which is divided between the Scout troop, regional headquarters and national headquarters. All boys and troops must purchase uniforms and other necessary supplies from headquarters, upon which they make a profit. 2. The Girl Scouts. lam not sure of this organization, but from what

Questions and Answers

What is a dog fisb? That is a popular name for a small shark, apparently because they follow their prey like dogs, hunting in packs. The body is long and tapering; the head fiat; the snout conical, and the teeth in both jaws sharp-edged and formed for cutting. They have two dorsal fins and five pectoral fins. How can bricks that have been spotted with mortar be cleaned? Knock off the lumps of mortar with a scraper, scrape off the mortar spots, where they are heavy and remove the residue by sponging with a mixture of equal parts of commercial muriatic acid and soft water. Finally wash'with clear water. What are the latest books of Will J. Durant and H. G. Wells? Will Durant's latest book is “Mrmsions of Philosophy,” (1929), and H, G Wells’ is ‘‘The Open | Conspiracy ” (1930). During whose administration as President was the federal reserve ict passed? It was passed in December, 1913, ! during ne administration of Presi- ! dent Wilson. What was the 1890 census population of New York? 2,507,414. Who is the commandant of the United States marine corps? Major-General £en H. Fuller.

a bone, tearing of a muscle or ligament, dislocation of a bone, and finally there is the purely psychological limp developed by the child to secure attention and frequently appearing at any time that the child becomes somewhat tired. In addition to the factors that have been mentioned, children sometimes limp bceause the foot has been bruised, as in the case of the common stone bruises. In case the arch breaks down, there is a painful flat foot. Obviously, therefore, a limp developing in a child is not ®to be considered as an indication for putting the child to bed with the idea that a little rest will enable it to get up and walk correctly. Such disturbance must be considered merely the symptom of some deep-seated or unknown condition until its exact cause has been determined, and the necessary steps taken to assure proper control.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those of one of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this naner. —The Editor.

the same time and, argue that there was no fundamental difference between the Republican and Democratic parties. It was, I maintained, no more than a choice between two brands of matches. Since street corners are windy, I would light a match from each box. In a few seconds it would flicker and go out. I am aware that this was not a profound argument, but it served to hold the attention of the crowd. But on one unfortunate occasion the Republican match in burning and burning and lasted all the way down to the end. After that I never played the match game without carefully wetting the stem of each match. To the best of my knowledge and belief, this was the only underhand political device in which I indulged. (Copyright. 1930. by The Times)

I fffid out, the girls are on the same basis as the Boy Scouts and pay plenty for everything they get. 3. The Y. M. C. A. and the Y. W. C. A—these two organizations should no more share in the Community Fund than some private company, as the two are purely a money-making proposition from top to bottom. Have you tried to rent a room from the Y. M. C. A. without first becoming a member and then paying a good price for the room you get, considering the conveniences given you? Have you tried to swim jn its pool without paying? Do you not have to pay in addition to your membership fees, extra for any course of instruction which it offers? Do not these two organizations have many high salaried employes on their pay roll whose biggest duty is to stand behind some desk and look wise? It is high time to call a halt, and give the giver of the Community Fund a dollar’s worth of value for each dollar donated. R. F. Are federal employes exempt from income tax? Only President, federal Judges and supreme court justices are exempt.

The Right Thing Are you always sure just what is the “correct thing” to wear to a particular place at a particular time? An evening wedding, a reception, a tea, a dinner dance an informal bridge party—and all the other places and events where one is expected to dress correctly? Our Washington bureau’s new bulletin, THE ETIQUETTE OF DRESS, will tell you exactly Morning, afternoon, evening, sport, travel—any event and all occasions for both men and women are covered. You will want a copy of this bulletin. Fill out the coupon below and send for it. CLIP COUPON HERE Department 101, Washington Bureau, The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York Avenue, Washington, D. C. I want a copy of the bulletin, THE ETIQUETTE OF DRESS, and inclose herewith five cents in cotn. or loose, uncanceled United States postage stamps to cover return postage and handling costs: Name ~ Street and Number City State ♦, I am a reader of The Indiana polls Times (Code No>

NOV. 10, 19io

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

One of Every Nine Stars Visible to the Naked Eye Is a Double Star. ONE of the most important phases of modem astronomical study is the investigation of double stars. The first major discovery with respect to the stars made after Gall-' led had turned a telescope upon the heavens was the discovery of the existence of double stars. It was in 1619 that Galileo first gazed upon the heavens through his little telescope. It was forty years later, in 1650, that Jean Baptiste Riccioli discovered the existence of double stars. The middle star in the handle of the Big Dipper was named Mizar by the Arabians. Since every one knows the constellation of the Big Dipper, it is an easy task to locate Mizar. If you look very close to Mizar, you will note a tiny star near it. Most people miss this little star, because it is almost lost in the rays of Mizar. The Arabs called this little star Alcor and regarded the ability to see Alcor as a test of good sight. Riccioli turned his, telescope directly upon Mizar and discovered an astounding fact. Mizar, which appears as a single star to the naked eye, was revealed by the telescope to be two stars. • tt a a Wilhelm Struve SINCE the days of Riccioli, the telescope has revealed that many stars which appear as single stars to the naked eye, are in reality two stars. They are known technically as double stars of binaries. The discovery of additional double stars followed closely upon the I heels of Riccioli’s first discovery, 1 Huyghens discovered a double star] in 1656; Hooke found the third in ' 1664, and two more were added by Jesuit astronomers in 1685. The first systematic hunt for double stars* however, was made by Sir William Herschel, the German boy who fled to England to escape from the army, who became a famous organist and then turned from music to astronomy. Herschel, who built himself a larger telescope than any then in existence, embarked upon a systematic survey of the heavens, noting double stars, nebulae and other interesting items as he went along. The most important name, however, in the early history of double star study is that of Wilhelm Struve. Struve also was a German. Following capture by Napoleon's troops, he escaped and fled to Russia to avoid being drafted into Napoleon’s army. In Russia he became director of the great Dorpat observatory. Between 1813 and 1825 Struve composed a catalogue of 3,110 double stars. This catalogue represented the results of an examination of atfout 120,000 stars. Today astronomers have listed 15,000 double stars. But they are certain that the number of double stars in existence must run into the tens of millions. a tt a One Out of Nine MODERN studies have revealed that one out of every nine stars visible to the naked eye is a • double star. Astronomers feel certain that the number of double stars in existence •is much larger than this. A survey of the nearer stars, the ones among which the chances of detecting double stars are best, reveal that eight of twenty stars are double. From this, many astronomers have concluded that about one-third of all the stars in our galaxy are doubles. Study of a double star reveals the fact that its component stars are revolving in an orbit around a common center of gravity. From these facts, astronomers are led to the conclusion that the two components forming a double must have had a common origin. Most astronomers feel, though there Is no definite way of proving It, that stars evolved from great irregular gaseous masses known as nebulae. It would seem, therefore, from the large number of doubles, that it Is common forj, star to split into two during its early formative days. It may be that such splitting occurs when the original star Is too large, for recent studies have revealed the fact that there Is an upper limit to the size of stars.

Daily Thought

Set thine house in order.— Isaiah 38.1. Good order is the foundation of all things.—Burke. Is Knutc Rocknc, Notre Dame football coach, a Protestant or Catholic? Where did he play football before becoming a coach? Knute Rockne was a Protestant, but accepted the Catholic faith in 1925. Rockne was a student at Notre Dame where he played football. After graduating, he was a teacher of chemistry. Before his appointment as head coach he waa an assistant coach of football a.t Notre Dame. How much does the largest locomotive in the world weigh? It Is owned by the Northern Pacific railroad, and weighs 1,118,000 pounds.