Indianapolis Times, Volume 42, Number 156, Indianapolis, Marion County, 8 November 1930 — Page 4

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The Street Car Situation Before any action is taken upon the proposal of receiver, bondholders, and the Insull interests to take over the street car company on a financial basis to which these interested parties have agreed, the city administration and the people are entitled to all the facts. The proposal, in general tenns, binds the city to a “cost plus system” of operation, under which fares will increase or decrease, according to receipts. The Merchants’ Association has suggested two very important questions. They want to know whether the part that goes to the bondholders is a fair valuation of the plant at present and how much the large Insull power interests intend to charge foi electricity to run the cars. The bondholders have not made an impressive showing on values. They say they take a reduction of seven millions from the face value of their securities. That is meaningless. Men who invest in any business, utility or otherwise, take a chance on loss, either through bad management or for any other reason. They want profits. In the utility field, this has been especially true. Some men made millions. Bondholders, after the water in stocks first was turned into gold and then evaporated by conditions, deserve sympathy. Advocates of the plan paint a bad picture of what they have to sell to the city. They say that many miles of tracks must be rebuilt and all repaired. They say that 300 cars must be junked and new ones bought. The people who will be called upon to pay fares can be excused if they forget what has been lost and center attention on the value of what is left. The power cost is even more important. The power interests intend to control all industries. It Is possible that the Insull interests never intend to make a dollar of profit out of running street cars and busses, if permitted to take what they want as a charge for the electric power which finally will all be furnished from their great central stations. But they well might be satisfied to make the street car patron pay for electricity at a price that would be very profitable. This really is a proposal of partnership with all the people. No partnership can sucPeed unless it starts off on a fair basis, iympathetic as the citizens may be with those who invested in securities in this bankrupt company, they should not pay exorbitant prices for junk. A monopoly of transportation is not objectionable, if transportation is furnished. Constant city control has its advantages. The service at cost plus a fixed profit is not a bad plan if honestly administered. But such a plan must start fair and remain fair. The price of electricity is most important. The other matter to be investigated is just what the present plant' really is worth. The advocates of the Insull plan have advertised it as almost worthless. The one better plan than private operation is public ownership, much preferable to any program that starts out loaded with unfair costs and subject to unfair charges. Grace Abbott With James J. Davis duly chosen as senator from Pennsylvania, the time draws near when President Hoover must select anew secretary of labor. Davis’ term in the senate begins Dec. 1. At present this cabinet post, always an important one. is of unusual importance. It is natural for the country to look to its secretary of labor for leadership in dealing with unemployment. It is natural to expect that secretary to be an expert trained in the problems peculiar to working men and possessing the broad knowledge necessary for their solution. Only less important is it that the secretary of labor shall be skilled in the problems of immigration. The secretary administers all immigration laws and all those relating to naturalization; he directs deportations: he is in charge of immigration stations and border patrols. In addition, the secretary supervises the work of the federal government in behalf of women and children. It Is difficult to find in one person the knowledge and experience n<. 'essary for wisely performing these diverse duties. However, there is available for appointment one person who posssses to a remarkable degree the qualifications a secretary of labor should have. She is Grace Abbott, now chief of the labor department’s children's bureau. Miss Abbott has studied and worked with the problems of unemployment for a long time. Some 5-cars ago she was executive secretary of both the Massachusetts and Illinois co/nmlsisons on unemployment. No better practical training in this work could be suggested. For many years she was director in charge of work of the Immigrants’ Protective League of Chicago. The reports she wrote at that time about her work constitute a considerable part of the authoritative literature' on immigration. In recent years she has, of course, made the children’s bureau an effective agency in behalf of the well-being of the youngest citizens. Her work in this field and her recogintion have been international. Her appointment as Davis’ successor has been urged upon the President by such organizations as the National Conference of Social Work. National Women’s Trade Union League, National Federation of Settlements, National Urban League, American Association of University Women, dozens of university f Titles, many labor unions, and representative buslleaders, Rich as Julias Rosenwald and Gerard W>pe. The suggestion that the be appointed has

The Indianapolis Times (A SCRIPPB-lIOWABD >E^SPAPEH>< Uwocd nd published dally (eicept Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos., 214-220 West Maryland Street, Indianapolis, Ind. Price In Marion County. 2 cents a copy; elsewhere. 2 cents-delivered by carrier. 12 cents a week. ~~ BOYD GCRLEY. BOY W HOWABD. FRANK G. MORRISON. Edltor President Business Manager I HONE- Riley MBl SATURDAY, NOV 8, 1830. Member of United Press. Scrlpps-Howard Newspaper Alliance. Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. < “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

received unusual support from the press of the country-. All that she lacks—if that is a lack in the judgment of President Hoover—is political pull. Miss Abbott would make the sort of secretary of labor the country needs. If there is anofhlr whose qualifications for the job are equal to hers, the name has not yet come to public attention, That Scientific Holiday An interesting debate has been going on in the columns of the New York Times between Sir Arthur Keith and Gilbert Chesterton as to the desirability of declaring a scientific holiday. The question posed is whether it would be wise for science to suspend further investigation and the application of its findings until society can catch its breath and adjust itself to such scientific progress as already has been made. Sir Arthur strongly opposes the proposition, while Mr. cHesterton gives it his qualified support. The arguments pro and con are interesting, but practically they are purely academic. Obviously, science is not going to take a holiday. Human curiosity, the zeal to acquire new knowledge, the enthusiasm of the investigator, the pecuniary encouragement given by industry to invention and the like will keep science going full blast. The discoveries of the next century are likely to make the achievements of the last hundred years seem like child's play. Yet the problem implied in the proposal of a scientific holiday is a vital one. We already.are like a man with one l,eg in an airplane and the other in an ox-cart. Our technology is 1631 model, our institutions and ideas are many of them of B. C. vintage, with few of even nineteenth century origin. If such is the case today, what will be our plight in the year 2000? The fact is, then, that we must look for social salvation not to less science, but to a greater application of science to human affairs. Our social institutions and moral notions must not be left to depend upon superstition, custom, prejudice, and convention, while our technology gobbles up avidly the latest discovery of the laboratory. Social engineering, then, is the great challenge of our time. Unemployment, crime, divorce, birth control, world peafce, public utilities all fit in as subordinate details in the larger task of applying science and esthetics rigorously to the solution of our currrent ills. Nothing less, than social reconstruction on this scale and by these methods will suffice. Os one thing we may be certain. Either science must be promoted and applied resolutely to human problems, or it is merely a. matter of time when industrial civilization will collapse and the Frankenstein monster will prove victorious over his maker. The Answer Is ‘No” When the Garfield public lands commission meets in Washington on Nov. 10 it will seek to answer these two important questions: 1. Shall the government turn its public domain over to the several western public lands states to administer, as President Hoover suggests? 2. Shall the government abandon its reclamation policies, as suggested by certain eastern farmers? The proposal to turn back to the states 190,000,000 acres of public lands—minus, of course, timber and mineral resources—is laden with danger. The sparsely settled public lands states are, for the mof.t part, stock-raising states. If the state governments controlled the grazing lands, the big stockmen soon would have control of state governments and the land. . As poorly as these lands now are administered, they would be exploited and ruined faster under the suggested change. If Uncle Sam is not conserving these lands properly he should ask for more money to do so. He can not wash his hands of responsibility by a gesture. As to abandoning federal reclamation, it should be remembered that the federal projects in the fifteen states where the government has helped turn the desert into farming oases cover only a tiny part of the billion acres of United States farm area. The crops raised there do not compete generally with eastern farmers, but consist mostly of sugar bests, winter vegetables, fruit and alfalfa. The rich little settlements thus created form a buying market for eastern products. Last year the seventeen projects bought $120,000,000 worth of goods. While not materially contributing to the farm surplus, they are adding millions to the nation's wealth. Sudden expansion of rural areas, of course, is unwise at this time, but complete abandonment of the reclamation program would be folly. The wise answer to the Garfield commission's questions as to unloading federal public lands on the states and abandoning reclamation is “no.”

REASON by ™s ck

WHEN the New York polype pulled Texas Guinan’s night club they arrested the help, but let the proprietoress of the place go untouched, thus running true to the American’ form of playing favorites in the criminal game. B B B Possible they thought it futile to arrest the finished actress, remembering how she made monkeys of judge and jury the last time they tried to hand her a prison souvenir for her pffst midnight activities. a a a Mussolini is not handing very much bird seed to the dove of peace when he champions German’s demand for a revision of the treaty of Versailles. If Germany had won that war, the losers would have settled and they would have had German soldiers quartered among them until they forked over the last cent. man WE hate to see anybody robbed, of course, but we are least disturbed by it when some society leader is pillaged of half a million dollars’ worth of diamonds. On such occasions we have very fair control of our emotions. a a a Sherman White. 71-year-old resident of Rochester, Ind., dropped dead from a heart attack by being held up, but at the rate we are going, in a little while a thing like this soon will not be enough to tingle a nerve. mam Bernard Shaw didn’t put one single statesman in his list of eight "Makers of the Universe,” which will cause something of a jar to the average man who is disposed to think in terms of politics when he hears the title, “great man.” Shaw is right about it, for politicians are more vocal than valuable. a a a IN America, for instance, Thomas A. Edison has been worth infinitely more than ail the statesmen, big and little, who have made their bows, said their lines and made their exits, since Lincoln's time. fa a a * There’s one result of the present depression that we’re resigned to and it’s the slump in the prize ring business. We could even keep a stiff upper lip if this particular industry should -be put dovi| and out permanently. W._

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

The “ Dignity” With Which College Highbrow Professors Have Banned Charity Football Games Is Little Short of Inhuman. AMONG the most interesting phases of the unemployment situation is the indifferent . or adverse attitude assumed by college faculties toward the idea of contributing what would be no more than their just share. With a few gratifying exceptions they have answered the suggestion of donating the proceeds of one football game with a dignity which 1 is little short of inhuman. Can't arrange for an extra game lon account of examinations: can’t j donate the proceeds of one already scheduled, because the athletic treasury needs the money: can't swerve an inch from the prescribed program, no matter how many babies cry for milk. It must be wonderful to have such backbone in the face of such emergency. B B B Highbrows to Blame DON’T blame the men who would do the playing, or the undergraduates and their friends who would buy the tickets, for there is not a football team in this country that would cringe at zero weather or a snowstorm to do its part. The flies in the ointment mostly are Ph. D's or M. A.’s, who have become so saturated with the mechanism of higher education that they are willing to let millions go in want rather than see it vary one iota from the charted course. We are confronted with an astounding revelation of what great? learning really stands for when it comes to helping some poor devil out of the ditch. To call a spade a spade, we seem to have filled a gcod many heads at the expense of a good map;/ hearts. nun Born of Philanthropy BY and large, these .colleges and universities that so complacently decline to arrange an extra football game or donate the proceeds of one already arranged are the by-products of philanthropy or legislative appropriations. By and large, they literally have begged themselves into existence, and have been exempted from taxes because of the great good they are supposed to do. Among other ways of getting money out of an appreciative pubic, they have discovered and developed football. Football now pays a large part of. if not all, the expense of supporting its athletic departments. By no stretch of the imagination can it be regarded as more than a purely commercial enterprise. Heaven only knows how much money it has brought in during the last thirty years, but it has brought in a lot, and the indications are that it will bring in much more during the next thirty. u n a Smugness is Shock AT a time when every branch of the government, every business organization, and every charitable agency from Maine to California is co-operating to relieve what obviously has become a critical situation, the smugness with which our higher educational institutions sidestep their part comes as a surprise and a shock. Sharkey, the pugilist, offers to stage a fight and contribute his entire share of the purse, but he is not highly educated, which makes his conduct excusable. Sharkey, you understand, has a vivid idea of how poor people live. He gathered it from actual contact, not from reading beautifully written books by social experts who were guaranteed their pay from an endowment created by some rich man, or from some public fund. b tt a Some Sympathy Left THERE is a type of education which harks back to life, which admits the realities of human existence because it can’t do anything else, and which is able to retain a degree of sympathy for that reason. We don’t rate it very high in our scheme of things, don’t glorify it with graduating exercises, or certify it with diplomas, but when the Four Horsemen ride abroad, that type usually can be depended on to do its full part. Why can’t the other type—the befrocked, degreed, exalted type? Does it fail to realize the trouble we< are in, or doesn’t it care?

-IQOAiYnP * xsLL

MONTANA’S STATEHOOD —November 8— ON Nov. 8, 1889, after a state Constitution had been framed and state officers elected, Montana was admitted to the Union by proclamation of the President. Joseph K. Toole, a Democrat, was the first Governor of Montana. In the first national election in 1892, Montana went Republican, and, except for the years 1896 and 1900, when there was a fusion of Democrat and Populist elements, the state has been Republican since, Montana suffered for several years from industrial troubles, which centered about Butte and other cities where labor was at a standstill for a considerable time. Ranking third in size among the states of the Union, Montana has an area of 146,997 square miles, of which 796 miles are under water. The picturesque Glacier National park, in northeastern Montana, has an area of 915,000 acres, eighty glaziers ranging from five square miles down to a few acres, and more than 250 lakes. ...... ...

Daily Thought

He that hearkeneth unto counsel is wise.—Proverbs 12:15. Good counsels observed are chains of grace.—Thomas Fuller. What is a dowager? A widow, especially of a ruler or noble, in possession of a dower or jointure. The word is principally used now to designate-the widow of a deceased sovereign.

BELIEVE IT or NOT

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Following is the explanation of Ripley’s “Believe It or Not” which appeared in Friday’s Times: A Blue Streak—The conception of space is finite only in a mathematical sense. Thus, it has been suggested by Minkowski, Einstein and others that space may be finite and yet unbounded, for the reason that anything traveling through cosmic space never would come to any “jumping-off-place,” and yet the total volume of space might be known to be less than a

Drinker Respirator Aids in Life-Saving

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hyceia, the Health Magazine. THE publicity given in the press to the use of the device for artificial respiration developed by Dr. Phillip Drinker of the Harvard School of Public Health has given it an unusual interest in the public mind. In San Francisco two patients simultaneously required the apparatus when there was only one available and the physician had to make a choice as to which patient should have the chance for life. Asa result, newspapers in San Francisco conducted a campaign to provide every lai’ge hospital in the city with one of these mechanisms. In Chicago a nurse who developed infantile paralysis has been kept alive for several weeks, spending practically all her time in the respirator, and is now able to breathe spontaneously for fifteen or twenty minutes when outside the machine. It seems likely that eventually she will make a complete recovery. Doctor Drinker just has made available a record of cases up to June, 1930, indicating the usefulnes of this device for the saving of life in various types of diseases.

IT SEEMS TO ME

“TTCTHEN a good caue has been VV defeated the only question its advocates need ask is, “when do w r e fight again?” This is a quotation from a letter written by Charles W. Eliot at the age of 86. He wrote to a young friend of his who just had turned 75. The name of Dr. Eliot came into my mind today because I happened to see a review by Lewis Gannett of anew two-volume life of the great Harvard educator. It is good for anybody to be reminded every now and then of Charles W. Eliot, for he was, I believe, one of the great men of our time. At the moment the impression prevails that Calvin Coolidge is the most typical of all New Englanders. If I were making an argument for Puritanism (and that is unlikely) I hardly would base my case on such a minor figure, but hark back to a man of the authentic stature of Charles W. Elict. _ a a a Plymouth Rock THERE ne?d be no doubt of his relationship to the Puritan fore'e and background. To this group he belonged both by blood and mental surge. And yet he was able to lift some of the frailties of the clan into a true magnificance. For instance, he had almost not a trace of any sense of humor. Most of us readily accept this lack as a fault. I am a great deal less than sure. Good fighters and successful fighters are not much helped by being able ever to see even a passing ridiculous glint in the causes which they hold most dear. When I was in college it was said that Dr. Eliot once had come out strongly against baseball. He was shocked by the idea that a winning pitcher upon occasion threw a curve. In all seriousness he contended that this was intended to deceive the batter and therefore must be ranked as an unfair stratagem. , Perhaps this was no more than part trfthf Eliot myth, but the new biography T by Henry James does

On request, sent with stamped addressed envelope, Mr. Ripley will furnish proof of anything depicted by him.

certa'h number of cubic-light-years. The doctrine of the finitude of space is a part of the famous doctrine of “curvature of space,” and involves the assumption of one or more dimensions in addition to those recognized by the traditional Euclidean geometry. In accordance with this theory, a straight line, instead of being infinite in length, would return to the point, of origin. It has been estimated that the greatest dis-

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE

The respirator is a sheer metal tank equipped with comfortable bed and mattress. The patient’s head is outside, passing through a flat rubber collar attached to the body of the machine. By means of electrically driven blowers and appropriate valve arrangement, the air pressure • inside the tank is changed alternately from a little below negative pressure to normal air pressure. Asa result, the patient’s chest and diaphragm expand and air is inhaled. Without having #> the pUmp stopped, the patient can eat, drink, and sleep while in the device. Portholes are available for giving treatments and removing excretions. Sometimes it is desirable to remove the patient briefly to change the position, and thus to prevent congestion of the lower part of the body. By June, 1930, there were twelve of these devices in use in New York and two in Boston for grown-ups, and there were also several available in Boston and Philadelphia for children. Among the kinds of diseases that are treated are infantile paralysis, in ! which nerves controlling the breathing are paralyzed; cases of gas poisoning, in which, in addition to being put in the machine, the

HE WOOD BROUN

state as a fact that part of Dr. i Eliot’s opposition to college football lay in his horror against the practice of directing the attack at the weakest spot in the opponent’s line. This was less than chivalry. a a a Rides Teddy THE football controversy ramped while I was an undergraduate, and Theodore Roosevelt, the most popular alumnus of the university, came charging into Cambridge to tell us of the strenuous life and to pay tribute to “the best sport of all —intercollegiate football.” The white teeth gleamed and clicked together as he said it, ana all we youngsters cheered with great approval. And now I feel that Teddy was wrong and that the old Puritan had the right idea. Intercollegiate football may be many things, but it is not a sport for those who are com- 1 pelled to bear the brfmt of its regimentation and* rigors. Not even the popularity of a j Roosevelt was enough to. make Dr. j Eliot give way an inch. I can not j think of any man in a hundred years of American life who ever stuck more consistently to his guns. Though not a profound thinker ■ under any precise definition which I know, Charles Eliot rose almost to a dazzling glory through the so-; lidity of his incersity. I have heard | many orators since, and some have move me while others left me cold, and yet, this old gentleman with a ramrod back and a glacial exterior stirred me most of all. He was superbly a debunker in the fact that he was spotlessly guilty of all the minor tricks which creep into public speaking. He had not a gesture to his name, nor did he ever crouch and shoot low, vibrant whispers over the edge of the platform at his audience. You know you've heard, ‘ Remember Washington at Valley Forge,” and the orator of the occasion acts as if his phrases constituted a priceless confidence. Eliot would take his place in the mlddlejof the platform, plant his heels close together, fold

II xr Registered U. S. JL# V Detent Office RIPLEY

tance which anything would travel in a straight line before arriving at the point of origin is of the order of 500.000.000,000 light-years, or about 3x1,024 miles. Os course, these estimates can not be put to test, because the greatest distance our most powerful telescopes enable us to see is less than 1-500 of this distance. Reference, “Philosophy by Way of the Sciences,” R- H. Dotterer; MacMillan Company, 1929. Monday—“A Good Epitaph.”

patient is given regular inhalations of mixtures of oxygen and carbon dioxide; cases of mi consciousness due to taking of too much alcohol or narcotics: cases of drowning: '-ases in which the breathing fails after operation due to shock, and cases in which infants are born, asphyxiated. The latter type of cases seems to be especially important, since the method is simple and far less likely to injure the infant than manual methods involving the use of shaking or swinging or otherwise putting a strain on the tissues of the child. The development of this device, which costs approximately $2,000, is. an example of the way in which' modern engineering and mechanical skill are being turned toward the saving of human life. No doubt, the time is not far distant when it will be important for every large hospital to have a competent engineer available lor the setting up and operation not only of such devices as this, but also of oxygen chambers, exercising machinery, electrical and ultraviolet apparatus, and other methods of great importance in the treatment of disease.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those of one of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without recard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this naper.— The Editor.

his hands and talk. It is still the best way. B B B Touch of Emotion BUT it would, of course be foolish to pretend that no color of emotion ever crept into his voice. I heard him for the last time more than twenty years ago. At 70-odd he announced his intention of retiring from the presidency of Harvard university. None of us in the college knew him well, but we gathered about his frame house and shouted until he came out to make us a farewell address. Naturally, when I speak of Dr. Eliot I remember the flaming birthmark which marred his face. But it didn't really mar it. He made that bright splotch seem like a red badge of courage. Standing straight and firm, he told us that Matthew Arnold once said that no man should remain as headmaster of an English public school after he could no longer go upstairs three steps at a time. (Cowriiht. 1830. bv The Time*)

The Right Thing

Are you always sure just what is the “correct thing” to wear to a particular place at a particular time? Aii evening wedding, a reception, a tea, a dinner dance, an informal bridge party—and all the other places and events where one is expected to dress correctly? Our Washington bureau’s new bulletin, THE ETIQUETTE OF DRESS, will tell you exactly Morning, afternoon, evening, sport, travel—any event and all occasions for both men and women are covered. You will want e. copy of this bulletin. Fill out the coupon below and send for it. CLIP COUPON HERE Department 101, Washington Bureau, The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York Avenue, Washington, D. C. I want a copy of the bulletin, THE ETIQUETTE OF DRESS, and inclose herewith five cents in coin, or loose, uncanceled United States postage stamps to cover return postage and handling costs: Name Street and Number City State . I am a reader of The Indianapolis Times (Code No.)

_NOV. 8, 1930

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

Sirius, the Dog Star h 2% Times as Bright as Our Sun; Vega is .50 Times as Bright. THE astronomer spends much time measuring and recording the brightness of different stars, known technically as their apparent magnitude. The brightest stars are first magnitude stars, the next group comprise the second magnitude stars, and so on. Measurements of apparent magnitude. however, constitute a preliminary step only in the study of the stars. Os much greater Importance is the star’s real brightness. A star which appears bright in the sky may appear so for two reasons. It may be a star of medium brightness which is closer to us than most stars, or it may be a very J bright star at an average distance from us. Similarly, a very faint star may appear faint because it is actually faint or because it is extremely far away. The real brightness of a star is called its absolute magnitude by the astronomer. It will be seen <it once i that to ascertain the absolute magnitude of a star, we must know two things, its apparent magnitude and its distance from the earth. B B B Sun Is Outshone Calculations of absolute magnitude, arrived at by considerations of relative magnitude and distance, as indicated, reveal that many of the stars outshine our own sun many times. If our own sun were removed to the average distance of the stars, it would constitute one of the very inconspicuous members of the heav- : ens. A familiar star which almost, everyone knows is Sirius, the dog- . star. It is the brightest appearing ' star in the heavens. Actually, Sirius is twenty-eight times as bright as ; our sun. But many of the stars which do not appear as bright, as Sirius actually are much brighter. This is because they are so very much further away than is Sirius. Vega, the brilliant white star which can be found almost overhead in the constellation of Lyra, actually is fifty times as bright as our sun, while Arcturus is 100 times as bright as our sun. But there are giant stars still brighter than these. Canopus is actually 10,000 times as bright as our sun. It will be seen, therefore, that there are many stars far brighter than our sun. However, there are also many stars which are not as bright. Recent statistical studies reveal that there are more stars which are less bright than our sun than there are stars which are brighter than our sun. tt tt tt Range of Stars THE faintest star which has been measured up to the present is one to which attention was called by Van Maanen of the Mt. Wilson observatory. Because this star exhibited a very rapid motion, he was sure that it was relatively close to the earth, and that it therefore would be possible to measure its distance. This, of course, was a necessary prelude to ascertaniing its absolute magnitude. Calculations show that this star, known in the stellar catalogues as Wolf 359, is only one flfty-thou-' sandth as bright as our sun. Astronomers suspect that there are stars whose true brightness Is even less than this, but actual determinations have not been made, due to the difficulties of measuring their distances from the earth Similarly, there undoubtedly ape many stars brighter than Canopus, whose brightness as previously stated, is 10,000 times that of the sun. But most of the stars which are suspected of being still brighter are so far away that their distances can not be determined. There are methods, however, by which tile distance of very distant cluster of clouds of stars may be obtained, treating the cluster as a unit. From these measurements, astronomers calculate that the star. S. Doradus, in the Greater Magellanic Cloud, is 400,000 times as bright as our sun. The known range of absolute magnitude in stars, therefore, rims from 400,000 times as bright as our sun to one fifty-thousandth as bright.

Questions and Answers

What was the title of the silent screen version of “Moby Dick?” Who starred in it and who starred in the sound picture? The silent screen version was called “The Sea Beast.” Recently it was produced asa sound picture tfith the title, “Moby Dick.” John Barrymore starred In both versions. How many watts do stations WEAF and WJZ use in broadcasting? Station WEAF broadcasts with 50,000 watts; WJZ with 30,000. Where is Mt. Wilson observatory, and who is the director? The director is Dr. Walter S Adams, and the observatory is at Pasadena, Cal.