Indianapolis Times, Volume 42, Number 144, Indianapolis, Marion County, 25 October 1930 — Page 4

PAGE 4

Buying on Time Many a man on the street says that the business depression was brought on or at least made worse by Installment buying, which loaded consumers with * deferred payments which they were unable to meet, finally bringing their purchasing power to an end. This is specious. If industry had not needed to solicit purchases on very generous terms to distribute rits accumulating products, it would not have done so. Had industry failed to market its surplus by this means, the depression would have come sooner; that is all. Installment buying is not in itself unsound. There is nothing wrong with the principle of paying for an article as it is used. The trouble is two-fold; (1) Industry overproduced by working longer hours than was necessary; <2) Wages, though increased, were not made high enough to give the workers enough to the enormous quantities of goods that were flowing from the machines, constantly speeded up jy American technical genius. If industry had not had the outlet of installment buying, it would be worse off than it is. Automobiles, electric refrigerators, and radios have not been placed in too many homes. If the great industries which produce these things are to prosper and keep their workers employed, the market for these “luxuries must be maintained and wddened. The trouble is not that there have been too many lastallments for the pay envelope; the trouble is that there has not been enough in the pay envelopes , to meet the installments.

Wilbur Should Choose Stanford university trustees announce, as President Hoover recently predicted they would, that Dr. Ray Lyman Wilbur will continue to be president of , (hat Institution and will continue to be on leave of absence from It for another year, while he serves as secretary of the interior. The trustees have stopped Wilbur's salary and have, announced that the acting president, Dr. Robert - E. Swain, will “exercise all the functions and responsibilities of the position of president.” But these announcements alter Wilbur’s actual position before the public in no respect whatever. Whether or not Wilbur’s salary is stopped, whether or not another mahi is in active control of the university. Wijbur still is president of Stanford, with its $7,000,000 investment in public utility securities, and its large public utility representation on the board that has. granted him leave. Likewise, Wilbur still is a member of the f-deral power commission, now considering an unprecedented proposal to exempt from all federal regulation and control the Appalachian Electric Power Company, in .which some two million dollars of Stanford money ‘is invested. \ It is obvious that Wilbur, whether on salary or •not, is as clearly allied with the university as ever. 4 It is equally obvious that the financial interests of the university and the public interest may conflict .•sharply in this Appalachian company case. It remains just, as urgently desirable as it was before the announcement of the trustees that Wilbur : relinquish one loyalty or the other.

Strap and Dungeon in Reform Schools The appalling brutalities recently revealed by the New York Telegram in the discipline of the Connecticut school for boys naturally raises the question of how widespread' such practices actually are today. W'lat is the nature and frequency of punishment in reform schools? Hence we may welcome as unusually timely and illuminating the survey conducted confidentially by a well-known New York social engineer. He wrote to some 143 institutions for juvenile delinquents with a population of approximately 30,000 inmates. He sent a carefully prepared questionnaire Requesting information as to types of punishment employed. He endeavored to encourage frankness and co-operation by asking that the name of the institution should not be supplied on the sheet returned. He received specific replies to his queries from thirty-one boys’ schools and twenty-two girls’ instii tutions. What did he find out? Four institutions for ,boys and five for girls asserted that they did not em•ploy any of the punishments listed—meaning that no ; restrictive or corporal punishment was employed, if ’.they told the truth. Restrictive punishments seem in almost universal use. Twelve boys’ schools and thirteen institutions for girls employ enforced silence as a disciplinary measure—the silent period lasting from fifteen minutes to thirty days. Standing on the line is utilized in sixteen schools for boys and five schools for girls. The period varies from fifteen minutes to thirty recreation periods. The dark cell is employed in nine institutions for boys and nine institutions for girls. The period of confinement ranges from twelve hours to three months. Shackles, leg-irons, strait-jackets and handcuffs also are used rather freely. Corporal punishment still is widely prevalent. Twenty boys’ schools report its use. The instruments used in order of popularity are: Strap, paddle, hose, rattan, ruler, rope, whip and hand. The strokes varied from two with a ruler to 150 with a hose. Corporal punishment was in use in eleven institutions for -iris, with the strokes running from five to fifty. Other sundry punishments such as washing the mouth with soap, giving castor oil and applying capsicum ointment to sensitive parts are in frequent use. The two latter punishments are used mainly to repress sex offenses. Douching with pitchers of cold t water is reported. The author has compiled an approximate estimate of the percentage of the boys and girls in these institutions who thus are punished each month. He estimates that 12 per cent of the boys and 15 per cent of the girls are given the silent treatment Twelve per cent of the boys and 3 per cent of the girls have to stand on the line. Two per cent of the boys and 6 per cent of the girls get the dark cel . Six per cent of the boys and 5 per cent of the gals receive corporal punishment. The chief offenses punished are insubordinate; ;running away from the institution, sex offenses. Ivin., >nd violence to officers. The figures are both illuminating and disconcert - ■mg. It may be assumed that the institutions which replied—a little more than one-third of the total—were the most enlightened and the least ashamed of their record. Hence, the conditions tabulated above probably represent on the whole the best which exist today in our institutions for youthful delinquents. Yet we have in full swing all the classic punishLments which have been used in enforcing discipline Pin prisons for adults during the last century and have been condemned unreservedly by prison reformers for a century. The statistical story is, moreover, the most pleasant way ot describing the situation. Where the strap swings freely other kinds of brutality inevitably exist. This report shows us plainly enough why the delinquent, already warped and handicapped

The Indianapolis Times (A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER) Owned tad published dally (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos., 214-220 West Maryland Street, Indianapolis, Ind. Price In Marion County, 2 cents a copy; elsewhere, 3 cents—delivered by carrier, 12 cents a week. BOTD ROY W. HOWARD, FRANK G. MORRISON^ Editor President Business Manager .7 f'HO?;E~RIIey WM , SATURDAY. OCT. 25. 1930. Member of United Press, Scrlpps-Hownrd Newspaper Alliance, .’.'•'•• (■paper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

on arrival, usually s perfected in his criminal bent by the time he is g-aduated from the reform school. * And yet these Institutions are our pride and Joy among penal and correctional institutions as a whole. If so, what about our reformatories and prisons? They Found the Reds The Ham Fish committee that Is sleuthing the U. S. A. in search of reds is reported to have found the prescribed color, if not in this country, then in the neighboring land to the south. Word comes from California that while sojourning in the sunny southwest some committee members slipped across the border to spend a refreshing night In that far-famed Mexican spa known as Agua Caliente. Doubtless they found there In that mecca of tired millionaires and movie queens plenty of the color their eyes are attuned to see—red wine, red chips, the rouge et noir o r dizzy roulette wheels, the carmined lips and cheeks of dancing senoritas, the long red mahogany bars ex nearby Tia Juana. No one will beg- uag-; the overworked investigators their little adventure. Its a dull job looking for menaces. Besides, afte: all the time and money the Ham Fish junket will cost him, Uncle Sam will want to hear of all the reds there are. That Neighbor’s Tomcat From Nebraska comes word of the bitter fight to defeat Senator George W. Norris, who, disgruntled Republicans assert, “has as much right to call himself a Republican as my Democratic neighbor's tomcat.” Norris, it seems, Is standing on his record, as he successfully has done for some twenty-odd years, is apologizing for nothing, and declares, “I will wear no man’s collar, even if that man be the President of the United States.” About three years ago the president of the state university of another independent commonwealth In the mid-west published a “prayer for those in government.” It was intended chiefly for the guidance and inspiration of members of the Wisconsin legislature. , t But so thoroughly does Senator Norris live up to the principles described in that petition that it seems pertinent to quote from it at this time: “Save us from the sins to which we shall be subtly tempted as the calls of parties and the cries of Interest beat upon this seat of the government. ’ “Save us from thinking about the next election when we should be thinking about the next generation. ... “Save us from thinking too much about the vote of the majorities when we should be thinking about the virtue of measures. . . . “Save us from making party an end in itself when we should be making its a means to an end. . . . “Help us to make party our servant, rather than our master. “May we know that it profits us nothing to win elections if we lose our courage. . . “Help us to serve the crowd without flattering it and believe in it without bowing to its idolatries. ...

Picking a Loser When we intimated yesterday that the state department had done a dumb thing in aligning itself against the revolutionists in BrazT, we didn’t truly appreciate our own good judgment. “It Is not expedient,” we remarked, "to incur the enmity of a large revolutionary group which tomorrow may assume control in Brazil.” In every Issue in which this sapient observation appeared was a dispatch from Rio telling that the revolutionary party already had taken control. They hadn’t waited for the morrow. Which raises the question rs not merely how intelligent is our state department, but how well informed? Yucatan, faced with an acute hemp situation, is seeking financial aid in this country. You might guess they knew the ropes. Eugene O’Neill, American dramatist, is writing his plays in a French castle. Maybe he feels his royalties entitle him to live like a king. The bankers’ association in Nebraska has offered $3,000 for every bandit killed. Perhaps this move is designed to relieve the depression there.

REASON v rr SS“

GENERAL HERI GOURAUD of France, who came here to attend the American Legion convention, declares that he sees world peace near. We congratulate the general on his marvelous vision. M M M lee Phillips, heir to a vast oil fortune, is working in a Kansas City filling station to get the attitude of the customer. He also is likely to get the attitude of the bandit. MUM Fate has dealt very harshly with Cannon. Two years ago he was a militant force, but now he faces dismissal from various organizations and his son is charged with passing bad checks. Safe to say Raskob will not contribute to a fund to lift the pressure. u s n s ROBERT MILLS, a 12-year-old boy in Nova Scotia, prevented a train wreck by waving the red lining of his cap. He is lucky that he wasn't arrested for being a Communist. MUM Tire office of the Brazilian consul at New York is thronged with young Americans who want to go to Erazil to fight, just for the thrill of it. All through history much of the “patriotism" has 'ccen a desire to hit the high spots. MUM It seems we were wrong to think of the Eskimos .uing round a flickering candle in an ice cone, eating blubber, for the sailors who go north to trade with them report many families making $40,000 per annum from the sale of furs. MUM Anjj tney are real spenders, handing out S3OO a ton for coal and $375 for airplane rides. It ought to be a fertile field for the blue sky artists who annually despoil our countrymen of hundreds of millions. MUM Dr. L. G. Roundtree of Rochester, Minn., states that by cutting two small nerves along the spine one can be cured of a clammy hand and given a warm clasp that will make the recipient tingle with temperature. This should be interesting to the gentleman with a gelatin clutch who desires to enter politics. M M * ’ The candidate is hopeless If his handshake reminds the public of a can qf fish worms. He must grab the voter with quthority, imparting the idea of rugged ness and jiride jurisdiction. Otherwise he is doomed.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

We Tolerate Most Anything for the Sake of Speed, and Excuse Most Anything on the Ground of Good Intentions. CHIANG KAI-SHEK, head of the Chinese Nationalist government, becomes a Methodist, which means more tough luck for the Chinese reds who have been massacreing Christians and holding missionaries for ransom. Heeding a report recently issued by the League of Nations, Liberia abolishes slavery, conscript labor, and the practice of holding human beings as security for debt. Frau Stressemann, widow of the late German chancellor, brings a Fascist ranter to book for saying that her husband was paid $240,000 to support the Young plan. President Washington Luis of Brazil is run out of office within two days after President Hoover of the United States tries to help him out by forbidding the sale of arms to Brazilian revolutionists. n n u Give Heed to the Freight YOU now can make colored ice if you have the right kind cf machine and know how. So, too, you can phone from New York to Australia at the rate of sls a minute if you have the price. Next Monday the king of Siam will phone his ambassador at Washington from Bangkok. What he will say might easily be of more importance, but nobody thinks of that. We are more concerned with the vehicle these days than with the freight it carries. The big idea is to make faster time transporting things, even if the things are not so good. In spite of all the speedy trains, trucks and steamships, many people are hungry, and in spite of all the telephones and broadcasting stations, many people lack Information and ideas. Little more attention to the freight probably would do no harm, even if it meant a little less to the carrier. nan Consider the Bee GENERALLY speaking, we are overloaded with rolling stock, especially in this country. What we need more than anything else is freight to make it worth while, freight in the form of goods and intelligence. We are transporting too little, and some of what we are transporting might just as well be left behind Too much useless motion, too much useless noise, too much going hither and yon for no reason, too much purposeless activity, A fly in the kitchen covers as much ground in a day as does a bee traveling between its hive and the flower bed. The bee makes honey, the fly nothing but specks. We could stand a little more of the bee complex. ...... •

Motion; Lost Motion WE are oversold on motion; want to be doing something all the time, though we can’t tell why, or whether it’s worth doing; want to be going somewhere, though we hfeve no idea where, or what we shall find when we get there. That is one reason why we are in a depression, why we have an eighteenth amendment, why racketeers are running away with many of our “city governments, why we can overcrowd prisons without making any headway against crime, why increased pay fails to produce a better grade of officials, why all the platforms, pledges, and other forms of political windjamming means so little. We tolerate most anything for the sake of speed, and excuse most anything on the ground of good intentions. Appealing to the emotions has become our chief stock in trade, whether it’s for a murderer, a change in the Constitution, or a new brand of lipstick. u tt a We Need Common Sense WE can find plenty of queer and devious ways to do what we wish, but when it comes to the simple question of whether it ought to be done, we often are unable to give a straightforward, intelligent answer. Out in Chicago, they are trying to round up “public enemies” on an old vagrancy law—“public enemies,” openly accused of murder, graft and corruption—and pretending that constituted authority will have suffered a complete defeat if the law fails to work. Out in California, they are keeping Mooney and Billings behind the bars for a crime which it generally is agreed neither of them committed, on the ground that they have committed other crimes. How long can we hope to maintain confiuc nee in the government, or respect ior the law, under such conditions? The problem of stabilization includes the resumption of common sense as well as the resumption of business.

-rt c oan4 jplwem as Jwa n

PINE BLUFF ATTACK Oct. 25

ON Oct. 25. 1863, after Little Rock Ark., was occupied by federal troops, the confederates retaliated by attacking a federal garrison at Pine Bluff in an effort to break federal communications. The attacking confederates were a small force which had eluded pursuit in the general confederate retreat. Their attempt to recapture the garrison was repulsed with decided loss. On that same day the federals occupied Arkadelphia and forced the confederates to retreat toward the Red river. After the Pine Bluff engagement, Arkansas was restored completely to federal authority, except a small district in the extreme southwest. Desultory fighting continued until Nov. 12, when, with the last active existence of confederate authority in Arkansas wiped out, a meeting was held at Little Rock to consult on measures for the restoration of the state to the Union. What is the meaning of the name Wynelle?It is a form of the* name Wynne, meaning "white,” , j

BELIEVE IT or NOT

iii 1 1 1 -- - jyfr : ipffluiiwwi wy Jplisl&jfeii A RESTAURANT in XuMA, Arizona. | J. h 5 posted This sign for 16 years-/./ V W . //V i' ' AMP NEVER HAD 7 ! ALT MASCOT WHO TRAVEUNGB^^^^ s [ op PfD u At Tfi PPNTNFR oi Ckicaqo ACTUALLY LAUGHS AT THE TOMBSTONE. OFA KANSAS U MENTION OF ''kAl SERI* TRAVELING MAN NSW fao/mlle, HI. , CAN SPELL HIS NAVIE BACKWARD & FORWARD €) UUa Kin* Feature* Syndicate, lat* Great Bntam rjghte rtsemd /

Following is the explanation of Ripley’s “Believe It or Not” which appeared in Friday’s Times: Goldfish Earrings—The third empire, ruled by Napoleon 111 and Eugenie, was the scene of some extraordinary extravagances of style. Numerous woodcuts of that period testify to the bizarre

— DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Autoist Must Use Extreme Care

BY DR, MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia the Health MasraiincrNCßEASlNG speed of motor cars, congestion cn roads, and many other factors have added to the hazards of motor travel Motor accidents are reported in increasing numbers. Both the number of deaths and the amount of incapacity brought about by such accidents show increasing figures in the available statistics. The manner in which accidents occur have been studied by experts with a view to issuing cautions against them and a number bf rules have been formulated which, if carefully observed, will aid in preventing many cases. Tire safe driver has to look out for every one else as well as for himself. He has to bear in mind that a car going more than fifty miles an hour is not in control. He iras to realize the special danger of crossings, intersections and schools.

IT SEEMS TO ME BY H broun D

IT has been said by some that the nineteenth amendment, which gave women the ballot, has been a disappointment. Commentators who hold this view explain that people vote just about as they did when elections were left wholly to men. I can see no reason for disappointment in that fact, and I admit the fact. What else should anybody expect? Indeed, what else woud anybody desire? Women have not done all they might with the ballot, but neither have the men, and I am pleased to observe that the mental and emotional processes- of human beings are strikingly similar, irrespective of sex differences. During the fierce campaigning which went on for suffrage, few feminists made the claim that women should be allowed to vote because they were better than men. It was a much strenge rargument—that they were just as good. | * Colonel and Judy THAT contention seems to hold true. The fundamental character of the electorate has not been changed. Each of the two major parties has drawn its reasonable share of the new voters. Like men, women are for a high tariff or a low tariff, states’ rights or an increasing share of power for the federal government. It has been held that in the prohibition issue women are largely inclined to the dry cause. This may have been so a couple of years ago, but the recent drift toward repeal has been added by many prominent women leaders. I think, offhand, of Ida Tarbell as one individual who has been peculiarly effective in breaking the back of Anti-Saloon League contentention. And here in New York City, at any rate, there seems to be no disposition on the part of feminine voters to line'tip with the noble experiment. The vote was, among other things, a symbol. It did a great deal to give every individual woman ego satisfaction and a feeling of equality. It has done much to help women in industry. In this field the difficulties of the feminine applicant have been to some slight extent psychological. Women are much too ready to accept lower wages than men for doing precisely the same sort of work. They are not buoyed up by * tradition. gh They havnot fought sufficiently hard against the community’s be-

On request, sent with stamped addressed envelope, Mr. Ripley will furnish proof of anything depicted by hiip.

fashion of live goldfish earrings, j Reference: “Petticoat Court,” by ! Maude Hart Lovelace, John Day , Company, New York, 1930. The Pressure in Water From a j Nozzle Is Zero-—On leaving the \

lls must remember never to pass a vehicle while going up a hill, around a curve, or at a crossing. He must remember that the driver behind him is entitled to know when he plans to stop suddenly or turn out. He ahvay must be alert as to the movements of the driver before him. The driver in front may stop suddenly, without warning. The safe driver will not drive on the left-hand side of the road, nor go as fast in wet weather as in dry. In an accident sustained by the writer of this column, the car went off the side of the road into some clay which had been moistened by a drizzling rain. As the car was brought back on the road, a mass of clay came back with the wheel, causing it to skid as though on ice. The car skidded across the road and, striking a shelf on the lefthand side of the road, turned over. The result of the, accident was a shattering of the glass, and an

lief that a woman must take wage cuts and accept the status'as the weaker vessel in the business world. tt n tt Woman Reporter SPEAKING for the trade with which I am best acquainted, I see no natural superiority in the male newspaper writer. Fortunately, in certain journalistic instances women have conquered custom and have obtained the right to do what used to be called “man’s work” and to receive man’s pay. I remember profiting personally on account of the quaint notion that men write with “more authority” than women. I got my first job as dramatic critic cn account of this error. i The paper on which I worked appointed a young woman to the post, and she did excellently. But after a month or so the managing editor began to worry. He said in an executive conference that he was afraid it was a mistake. “People who are picking out the shows 'they want, to see,” he explained, “are more likely to take the advice of a man. They are more ready to trust his judgment.” Accordingly, the young woman was trarisferred to the Sunday department and I became the critic. To add authority to the post of dramatic reviewer, the managing editor selected a. lad of 24 who had the visible qualifications for the job except the fact that he seemed to be a pretty good baseball writer. But he happened to be a man. I have certain prejudices in favor of that rosy-cheeked youngster who by executive ukase became an authority on the modern drama. I think that on the whole he did well with the job, but he never should have hac it in * the first place. a tt tt 'Welfare Legislation’ IN one respect women voters seem to me to have been less efficient than might be reasonably expected. They have been fooled into supporting a good many discriminatory laws which were presented under the engaging name of '“welfare legislation.” “It takes a certain amount of courage for any progressive person to say, “I am against welfare legislation.” Indeed, he, or she, need not be trapped into that position if he only will bear in mind the fact that legislation which applies to only one sex almost always carries with it a | peifehv, | A law can not be Aid to protect women if its immediate result is to

I-J • r Registered O. S. JL9 ▼ Latent Office r!pley

nozzle of a high pressure fire hose, the stream of water still has speed and weight, but its pressure intensity is nil. It long has been recognized that weight has no effect on the intensity of fluid pressure. Monday: Little Drops of Water.

arm resting on the window sill was dislocated. Moreover, the muscles and bones of several of the occupants of the car were bruised seriously Fortunately a first-aid kit was carried in the car so that the wounds resulting from the shattering of the glass were treated promptly. These wounds were treated first of all by pouring on liberal amounts of tincture of iodine or mercurochrome, according to the preference of the person wounded. Then the wound was bandaged tightly to stop the flow of blood. No attempt was made at the roadside to insert stitches or to cleanse the wound. When the patients reached the hospital, the wounds were cleansed and by the use of proper stitches neat scars were insured. Had any considerable amount of soil from the roadside or of clothing gotten into the wounds, it would have been necessary to give injections of antitetanus serum to prevent development of lockjaw.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those of one of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

cost them jobs which they desperately need. For instance, it sounds well to put restrictions on night work for women and to say that waitresses, to name one group, may be exposed to many temptations if they are employed after 10 o’clock at night. You may have noticed in the chain restaurants that after-theater parties are always waited upon by men. This may be the hardest part of the day, but it is also the period in which tips are most generous. Moreover, I hardly can see how a woman is being protected against temptation if a protective law costs her a job and leaves her destitute, or thereabouts.. I'm all for welfare legislation, but I want the provisions to apply equally to men and women. Ttys is not only better for women, but in the long run, better for men as well. When all sorts of restriction* are placed upon the employment of women, you create a class of cheap labor which* must take anything it can get and underbid male workers on daytime jobs. There is an acute and crying need for shorter hours, higher pay and better working conditions, but I never have felt any enthusiasm for a program which said, “Here is salvation,” and then offered merely segregation. (Coorrieht. 1930, by The Times)

For the Sweet Tooth Delicious, unique, and appealing sweet things of all kinds—how to make them and how to serve them—you will find full instructions in the eight bulletins on Sweets, which are offered by our Washington bureau in one of its famous grouped packets. The titles of these bulletins are: 1. Cakes and Cookies. 5. Honey as Food. 2. Desserts of all Kinds. 6. Pies and Fancy Pastry. 3. Doughnuts and Crullers. 7. Apple Dishes. 4. Frozen Desserts. \ 3. Tea Cakes and Party Pastries. If you want this packet of fight bulletins, fill out the coupon below and mail as directed. CLIP COUPON HERE Department A-2, Washington Bureau, The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York avenue, Washington, D C. I want the packet of eight bulletins FOR THE SWEET TOOTH, and enclose herewith 25 cents in coin, money order, or loose, uncancelled United States postage stamps, to cover return postage and handling costs: NAME ...q. STREET and NUMBER...-. <_• * CITY STATE I am a reader of The Indianapolis Times 'Code No t

OCT. 25, 193(1

SCIENCE -BY DAVID DIETZ—-

More Effective Method of, Measuring Human Capacity Is Needed. , THE chief need of the world to-* day is a more effective method of measuring human capacity and of removing the disabilities which limit and reduce its adequate ex-* pression. So says Dr. T. Wingate Todd, director of the Brush Foundation, under whose auspices the first Conference on Adolescence Research was held In Cleveland Oct. 17 and 18. “Tlie theme of race improvement) is not anew one,” Dr. Todd says. “It has attracted definite attention for nearly a century and a hah. though the adoption of measures with this specific object in view have, been of slow growth. “The spectacular efforts at sterilization of the unfit and crude birth control are by no means the most effective. Less striking but more in accordance with public feeling are the work of the health councils, the school medical service, the asscrated charities. Infant prophylaxis, maternal health and maternity regulation and mothercraft, which together already have produced a material Improvement. “Race improvement is as much social problem as a medical one. “It is difficult to segregate the influences respectively of heredity and environment and perhaps the most satisfactory solution is the combining of both as a problem of heritage.”

No Panacea Seen THERE can be no general panacea, for race improvement, Dr. Todd, says. Methods must be practical, he adds. “Our methods clearly must be controlled by adequate medical knowledge and social understanding. “In the first place our children must be well born. That, means proper spacing in the interest of both parents and child. It means the spread and increased efficiency of the prenatal clinic and the safeguarding of maternal health. “In the second place our children ! must be well nurtured. That means development of the infant prophylaxis clinics and fostering the agencies which devote themselves to physical health and mental wellbeing among our young people. “Above all, It calls for unrelaxing effort to continue the improvement of our social and industrial organization. “By human toleration and sympathetic understanding much can be accomplished. The very stability and predictability of response which are so characteristic of mankind give us clear ground for optimism. “It is quite obvious that, apart from the general measures for physical and social betterment outlined above, we can expect no specific progress unless we have quite definite standards toward which we can work. “We must have some means of assessing the worth of our population, present and future. We must know its original value and must register the influence upon it of the adventures of life.”

A Relative Term pvISCUSSING the important problem of feeble-mindedness, Dr. Todd points out the necessity os distinguishing between the individual tvho is insane and “the individual with so narrow a margin of mental equipment that, under modern conditions of life, he hangs ever in the balance between social effectiveness and social failure or, it may be, social antagonism.” “Feeble-mindedness,” he continues, “always must be a relative term, for there is implicit in it a reference to the social environment which the person in question is called upon to meet. “Stress of life fluctuates with economic and industrial conditions. Observations carried on during and since the war indicate that the degree of stress is mirrored in tho mortality of the time. “We find that in such a year as 1917-18 the pauper burials in Cleveland are those of men of very poor physical and of low mental caliber as measured by relative cranial capacity. In a period of industrial distress such as that of 1921-22, much better types and larger brains ara found among the pauper burials. “The unfit measured even by so crude a standard are selected by relative social status rather than physical characteristics. “Were there adequate random mixing of population, feeble-mind-edness never would get a grip on humanity. This may be the reason why feeble-mindedness has not become a greater menace in the history of man.”

Daily Thought

Come and let us return to the Lord; for He hath tom and He will heal us; He hath smitten and He will bind us up.—Hosea 6:1. He who is sorry for having sinned is almost innocent.—Seneca.