Indianapolis Times, Volume 42, Number 136, Indianapolis, Marion County, 16 October 1930 — Page 8

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The People Wait While Republican orators platitudinously are asking fpr the re-election of state candidates, "on their records,” the people aue waiting for one specific detail from any one of the political officials showing him entitled to any consideration. The administration of the office of secretary of state by Otto Fifield has been inspired purely by political motives, without one thought of public welfare. The state police have been worse than useless except in the primaries and elections, where they have been pernicious. State Auditor Bobbitt has permitted thousands of dollars in gasoline tax to be lost to the state. And such compromises as he has made, with offenders, always caught by outsiders, have magnified the negligence in collection. The two years of Leslie’s administration, for which indorsement is asked through a legislature which will continue its extravagance, and refrain from curiosity as to transactions of the highway department, will go down in Indiana history as one of the worst from the viewpoint of either economy or protection of public interest. In every crisis it has failed. In every routine it has dubbed the ball. While prating of records, why does not at least one of Elza Rogers’ personally trained speakers point to one creditable act? Taxi Regulation Low taxi fares form one of the best advertisements that any city may possess. Visitors who carry away pleasant recollections of cheap transportation are likely to be more generous and appreciative in their other Judgments. Therefore, any proposed model ordinance which contains a provision for minimum fares should be scrutinized most carefully by safety board and city council. Especially is this important in view of the charge rria.de by the United Cab Company that a proposed ordinance is designed to compel it to raise its , rates. It is a matter of history that before this company entered the field, this city had the reputation for such high rates that it was avoided when possible by travelers compelled to use cabs. In theory, at least, this company is a co-operative enterprise, with owners of cabs actirig as drivers. Thio should make for safety and service. It should encourage the old spirit of the independent, business man as against, that of the hired employe. If these owners of cabs, by combining their capital and their labor, have found it possible to give satisfactory service at greatly reduced rates, they should ;jbe encouraged, and not penalized, for their thrift and industry. • ’ • ' "Let Them .Eat Cake” One of the world's largest banks, located in New York, comments on the difficulty of preventing business depressions, and states that there is one means of protection within the command of every individual. “If each individual so will manage his own affairs as to accumulate in the periods of prosperity a safety fund that will carry himself and those dependent. upon him through the periods of reaction which affect his earnings, he not only will protect himself and them, but do his part toward giving : tabllity to the entire system," says the bank’s monthly bulletin. This is excellent advice, but unfortunately it ignores certain fundamental facts which make its application impossible. During the last decade unemployment has grown steadily worse, and for several years /the volume has ranged anywhere from 2,000.000 to 5.0G0.000. depending on whose figures you were .willing to accept. / These persons who were willing to work and could not find jobs certainly were in no position to accumulate reserves. Particularly have older workers Miffered through displacement, due to surplus of labor. Moreover, the wages of millions of workers have not been such that they could support their families and save money. A millhand in the south, working lor sl4 a week, and laborers in manufacturing plants, whose average wage is around $27 a week, can not do much toward creating a safety fund. %ven if they have steady jobs. Nor can day laborers, who work intermittently and receive much less. There are, as a matter of fact, millions of workers in this country who exist near the starvation level. The secrotary of labor himself has said so publicly. They do not earn in a year anywhere near the $2,000 or $2,500 which it is estimated is needed to provide a minimum standard living for a family of five. It will take more than advice from the bankers, who were among those cheering lustily during the inflation period that helped bring about the present depression, to correct conditions. * There indeed may have to be some of those "radical changes in the social order" which the bank deplores. Such, fftr instance, as universal old age pennons, unemployment insurance, and a general shortening of the work week, to spread jobs among all those who want them. Farmer Self-Help "The greatest assistance that can come from federal and state aid is the gradual developi ent of a ystem of gro*er-owned-and-controlled co-operative marketing,” said Charles C. Teague. California member of the federal farm board, speaking today in Utica. Teague said -that the farmers' troubles never will be solved by legislation alone, that stabilization corporations to deal in surpluses are warranted only as emergency measures, and thiat the l*v of supply and demand can not be flouted. Here is a touch of realism sadly lacking in most of the clumsy efforts at larm relief in the past. 4 Teague knows what fawner “co-ops ' can do. He helped organize and now heads two of California’s most successful marketing associations, those of the citrus and walnut men. It is significant that even through the depression the California orange growers’ co-operative, controlling 75 per cent of the acreage, end the walnut group, that controls 90 per cent, both enjoyed ready sales and good prices. These two remarkable farm organizations own pine forests, shook factories, packing houses, trademarks, processing plants They hire small armies qj grorkers, keep big sales forces, spend ttousands yearly cn advertising, conduct scientific la£tones

The Indianapolis Times (A SCBIPPB-HOWABD NEWe-FAPERI Owned and published dally (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos., 214-220 West Maryland Street. Indianapolis, Ind. Price in Marion County, 2 cents a copy; ela*where. 3 cents—delivered by carrier. 12 cents a week. BOYL> GCBLEY. BOY W. HOWARD. FRANK G. MORRISON, Editor - President Business Manager PHOXE-RHy Msl THURSDAY, OCT. 18. 1930. Member of United Press. Scripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newspsper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. "Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

for developing by-products, study the world-market, seek to key supply to demand. Co-operative marketing is far from fool-proof. Witness the fate of the California raisin men, who fell victim to greed and overplanting as the result of prohibition, the fates of many more through bad management, inability to cope with the wiles of private packers, world competition and other causes. But they are answering tfie farmers’ problems better than any single experiment. Just as no one could help the workers until they unionized, so no one can help the farmers until they, too, organize themselves for co-operation and selfhelp. A Very Good Airplane The workmen who put together the monoplane Columbia evidently did a good job that they can be extremely proud of. Seldom has a piece of machinery given a better account of Itself than this famous airplane. Clarence Chamberlin took the monoplane across the Atlantic without a hitch. It survived the tobogganing that Charles Levine gave it, made a flight from New York to Havana and flew from tfie American mainland to Bermuda and back; and now it crosses the Atlantic again, as efficiently as if that perilous and difficult flight were the simplest thing on earth. If all these flights had been made with the same pilot at the controls, we would be gaping, awe-struck, at the pilot; but half a dozen different aviators have guided the Columbia through the skies, and the ship has performed well for all of them. Apparently this graceful little monoplane is about as good an airplane as ever was built anywhere. _4 Broadcasting and Sports Now that the world series broadcasts are over for -•another year, the American radio fan is settling down to get his football out of the loud speaker; and It occurs to us to wonder how long it will be before the big broadcasting companies get around to hiring real sports experts to describe great athletic events. It Is no criticism of the regular broadcasters to say that they are not fitted for this job. Describing a baseball game, a football game or a prize fight is a job for a man who has had especial training. The ins and outs of these games—the fine points that the average fan wants to hear about—tend to escape the eyes of an observer who isn't thoroughly acquainted ! with them. The result is that the radio fan often gets let. down badly. A newspaper would not send its police reporter to cover the opening of anew play, no matter how good he might be at covering his own field. Why can not the broadcasting companies be equally sensible^

The Judicial Veto Before the Vficker'shAm commission writes %its much-debated next report on law enforcement, it might do well to reflect upon a study of judicial power recently made by Jacob O. Harper,. California attorney, . Many of the ills from whjfh our nation suffers can be traced to the fact that we let our courts overrule decisions of our legislative bodies, Harper believes. r' He blames the judicial veto for: Uncertainty as to what the law is and loss of respect for it. Increase in litigation, congestion in courts, and breakdown in the administration of justice. The inordinate length of Constitutions, in winch elaboration is necessary because courts have read so many meanings into general words. Increase of a feeling of inequality before the law. Impairment of the efficiency and quality of legislative bodies by substituting for the question of the need and wisdom of a law, controversy over the technical, legalistic Concept of power to enact it. This is a severe indictment. But it is one which deserves consideration. The United States is the only nation in the world that has placed-such far-reaching power in the hands of its judiciary. The judicial veto Is only an experiment in policy, not a thing immutable and holy. No study of law enforcement is complete unless this, too, is studied. A man who left an estate of $100,000,000 made his fortune in the canned soup business. And now his beneficiaries are in the gravy.

REASON by ™/ s ck

WITH his own wife held up and robbed in front of her home. Mayor William Hale Thomnson of Chicago takes an increased interest in the subject of law 7 enforcement. ana When he got home and found his wife prostrated Thompson said to police: “I want action and I want it immediately!” N Tliis would seem to indicate thgfa the mayor thought he could get action if he made it clear that he really desired it. a a a SO far as we recall, his honor -has not previously issued such an ultimatum to the police during Chicago's long carnival of crime, but when a thing is brought home to a fellow it impresses him as being more serious than when it is merely brought home to tl\e neighbors. a a a Anyhow, it is great advertisement for Chicago's coming world's fair and it will be necessary to send another expedition of boosters over the country to anchor Chicago in the nation's consciousness as the most law-abiding of American cities. a a a WHAT a terrible thing it would be if Clarence Darrow should be held up some fine evening and robbed of some of the fees he has received as a criminal lawyei ■ We trust Darrow will be given a bodyguard. * a a Os course we don't want to see Darrow 7 pillaged and plundered and despoiled of his substance, but it is interesting to think what a difference such experience might make in his benevolent attitude toward crime. a a a Our own judgment is that it would curl his bangs and cause his venerable heart to cease to palpitate so sympathetically for the defendant. - He even might become converted to the old idea ihat crime is just plain cussedness. a a a WE never think of Darrow without being reminded of that famous criminal lawyer in New England, we believe it was Rufus Choate. It was said of hinf that no criminal ever proceeded to commit a crime without first inquiring as to the state of his lawyer's health. a a a Anyhow, we have not a crime problem, as is so often said. We do have a criminal lawyer problem and nothing else, for without the criminal lawyer, crime would be eating out of the hand organized- society in no time.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

With Half the Human Race Hungry, It is Little Less Than Criminal to Say Tlmt We Are Producing Too Much Food. TOO much meat, says the Wall Street Journal, and that probably is true it existing conditions are accepted as beyond human power to change. But why take that attitude? Why imagine there can be such things as too much meat, or of any other food staple, as long as millions of people are hungry? The problem of overproduction in any line admits of two solutions. We can curtail the supply, or increase the consumption. In case of a luxury, the wisdom of increasing the consumption may be debatable, but in case of a necessity, there is no room for argument. With half the human race hungry, it is little less than criminal to entertain the thought that we are producing too much food.

Thousands Starve LAST year hundreds of thousands, if not millions, of Chinese died from starvation. So did some other people of paler skin and closer home. More than one stomach gnaws vainly for a bite of bread right here in these United States, though wheat is cheaper than it i , been for a good while. You don’t have to be an idealist to realize that something besides the price has gone wrong. We make a grave mistake in assuming that business depends on doi’ars, rather than the human element. What people consume is the most important point. What they consume hinges on what they can afford, and what they can afford is determined largely by the chance they are given to earn and accumulate. Three-fourths of the human race still have a mighty poor chance, and we should give some attention to the idea of correcting that side of the ledggr. before we talk too loudly about curtailment of essentials. u n Help the Others EVERY one recognizes what good pay and an advanced standard of living have done for general prosperity in America. Why wouldn’t they do the same thing in Asia, Africa, or the Fiji islands? We need some of the old missionary spirit, even though the idealism is left out, need to spread the gospel that has worked so well among us, even though we do it for no nobler reason than profit. The only way we made a market in this country was by increasing the buying power of the masses, and that is the only way it can be made abroad. But, first of all, we must sell the idea to those who are running the show.

* Great Field Abroad MOST of Europe still functions on the theory that a penny saved is a penny earned, while tlie Orient is afraid of giving its common people a chance either to save or earn. American industry maybe asking too much of its own folks in certain lines, but it hardly has begun to scratch the surface in foreign lands. Tlie job before it is not am easy one, but it is more than worth the effort. Time and time again, oriental scholars have told us that it was not our religion, but our machinery, that their people needed, yet we go right on sending them preachers instead of engineers. '“Also, we go right on building tariff walls. as though other countries wouldn't follow the example and retaliate in kind. a b It Means Work WE simply can’t live off each other at home, unless we are willing to stop growing. The only alternative is to find an outlet for our surplus energy and products somewhere else, and the only way to do that is to take hold and make it/ possible for other people to develop the necessary buying power. There isn't much of a mystery to the proposition, though there is a lot of hard work, especially in its preliminary stages. If the portion of our wheat crop that Asia needs were going there, we wouldn't have any surplus to worry about, but it is not going there, and it won’t, until the coolies can afford to*buy bread. If even a few of the more highly civilized nations could afford to run automobiles the way we do, there would be no necessity of running our factories on half time, or closing them for a month now and then. It takes the average Frenchman about twice as long to earn an ounce of gold as it does* the average American, the average German about three times as long, and the average Pole, Slav, Spaniard, or Greek even longer, while the swarming hordes of Asia are so low as not to be worth a comparison. Our own ancestors were just as bad off at one time, which shows what can be done.

Questions and. Answers

How many prime ministers has Great Britain had? Since 1827, when the prime minister first appeared in the English government, due to the inability of George I to understand the English language, there have been forty pritrie ministers, but many of them have served in two or more governments. so that the actual number of individual men who served in this office is twenty-five. \ Will male and female members of the same litter of animals breed together? Yes. Where is the city of Libau? It is a port of the Republic of Latvia. Do eels have hearts? Yes. Are the Tartan stories true? They are pure fiction. What Is the middle name of Edward Greig, the composer? Hager up.

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Blood Must ‘Match’ in Transfusion

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of tbe American Medical Association and of Hygeia) tbe Health Magazine. SEVERAL substances have been found which have the special power of coagulating the blood, and it may be necessary to apply these substances to wounds which ooze severely. It is also necessary to sustain the patient who may show signs of shock or failing heart action due to excessive loss of blood. The physician is acquainted with numerous drugs available for this purpose. The person who has lost a good deal of blood obviously loses fluids at the same time as he loses blood, and is likely to show strong symptoms of this condition. The amount of additional fluid to be given to him must, of course, be judged by the physician on the basis of his experience. After the hemorrhage has ceased, the physician is confronted with the problem of building the blood again to its original quantity and quality, and with protecting the organs of the patient against the blood loss that has been sustained. Normal olood contains anywhere

IT SEEMS TO ME v IKST

IN his speech at King’s Mountain, S. C., President Herbert Hoover undertook to perpetuate an error which has crept into many orations. He spoke of American purposes and institutions as being "largely religious in origin.” The truth lies in the other direction. To an extraordinary extent the leaders in revolutionary America were not religious in any orthodox sense. In fact. President Roosevelt once refereed to Paine as “a filthy little atheist.” This was not an accurate description. Tom Paine was a deist. I imagine he might have fitted neatly today into the congregation of John Haynes Holmes. Or possibly that of Rabbi Wise. In the eighteenth century the religious beliefs of Paine were downright heresy* in the eyes of most colonials. And Paine was one of the most, influential men of the day in shaping the course and the purposes of the American revolution, a a a —. Not Too Devout Benjamin franklin was another leader who hardly could be classified as devout when judged by the standards of his day. Jefferson was frankly a rationalist, and concerning George Washington himself there is room for debate. Washington, .it is true, frequently attended religious services, but he was not a church member. Certain

-fr q o a t T i&njH ar a( T v tzTl

FIRST ETHER OPERATION Oct. 16

ON Oct. 16, 1&6, Dr. William T. G. Morton, a dentist of Boston, after experimenting upon himself, | administered ether for the first time ! as an anesthetic in an operation at i the Massachusetts General hospital at Boston. ! A number of spectators who had 1 gathered to witness the operation showed skepticism at Morton's ap- | paratus to put the patient, a young \ man, to sleep. Morton proceeded to administer the ether. In a few minutes he looked up and said: “Your patient is ready.” The audience incredulous, watched in silence as the incision was made through the skin. The patient neither struggled nor cried out. The operation was continued and a tumor removed. When the operation was over, Dr. Warren, the surgeon, turned to the audience and declared, ’‘Gentlemen, this is no humbug.” Inhaling a vapor to produce insensibility to pain was a process , so new at that time that the word anesthesia was not in use in the language when Morton gave his demonstration. Soon after this operation, however, Oliver Wendell Holmes, noted I writer and physician, was to suggest a pane. He replied with 1 the word aft|pthet c. from the Greek, meaning “pot feeliag.’’

A Good Policy!

from 4,500,000 to 5,000,000 red blood cells for each cubic centimeter, and it also contains approximately 15 grams of hemoglobin or red coloring matter, which may be taken as 100 per cent. It is customary to express the amount of hemoglobin in percentage. One of the quickest ways of replacing blood that has been lost is to give a blood transfusion. To give a blood transfusion successfully and safely, it is necessary to have blood of the same type as that of the individual concerned. Human beings vary in their blood types. Sometimes the fluid matter of the blood of one person will agglutinate or clump together the red cells of the blood of another. Sometimes the fluid matter of the blood will break up or dissolve the red cells of the blood of another. Obviously, either of these processes is exceedingly dangerous, and it is necessary to be sure that the blood of one person will not'be affected by the blood before the transfusion is made. The only sure way to find tills out is to make certain that the donor of the blood and the recipient are

pious phrases appear in some of his letters and addresses, but these may have been no 'more than a concession to the habit and tradition of the time. Concerning his own personal zeal, little is known. The Constitution is modern in its guarantees of reli-’ ous freedom. Although statesmen of 1930 sometimes are moved to say that “America is a Christian country,” they have no authority for this statement. There is no constitutional reason why an atheist might not be President of the United States, or a, members of the Jewish faith or a Buddhist, provided he were nativeborn. n a a Kindling Old Fires IT seems to me unfortunate that President Hoover should have raised the religious issue once again. In warning his countrymen of dangers to be expected from radicalism he said, “It is significant that some of these systems deny religion and seek to expel it.” This would be more significant if

Times Readers Voice'Views

Editor Times—l still say married women don’t hold their jobs by efficiency. Do you think an unknown gi r l, regardless of her ability, could get Mrs. Winkler’s job without a political puil? Never. I have a son graduated from high school last June who has run every employer ragged to get a job. Has he got it? Absolutely not! Neither have many other young graduates. They are walking out their shoes because some selfish woman wants to help a still more selfish man. Can't Winkler keep his wife in comfort on $7,500 a year? Well, then, he can't have my family’s votes, because he needs a guardian. How can any just citizen vote for that type of man? How many of you poor Republican dupes make $7,500 a year? Why don’t you people who pay taxes demand your rights in the ballot? The world certainly would be much better off if women were still in their homes raising children instead of toy Boston bulls. # I know many women who can’t get bread for their children now. So why don't some of your selfish women dress and feed some poor child who can't get enough to eat? If you don’t'believe me, ask the teachers at Tech. They surely will open your eyes. One ho paid taxes for twentytwo years. * MRS. W. A. Editor Times—l wish you would say for me that I don’t think that a man as cold-hearted and disrespectful of old age as George Snider, a cdunty commissioner, is a fit person to have any authority over the aged and infirm According to his own remarks in a recent issue of The* Times, he said. ’ They can sleep in tents* as fajf as I am concerned.' MkS, E. O. ML

of the same type, and it may be desirable to make accurate tests of small quantities of blood under the microscope before the transfusion is finally made. It then is possible to Inject into the person concerned any amount of blood that may be considered desirable. In addition to injecting the whole blood, good effects sometimes are had by injecting merely the fluid matter of the blood, but under mod -4 era conditions with our knowledge concerning the mixture of blood, transfusion of considerable quantities of whole blood is considered qHite safe. * Certainly in Cases where the number of red blood cells has fallen below 1,000,000, or the hemoglobin below 30 per cent, blood transfusion should be given quickly as a lifesaving measure. • In cases in which convalescence seems to be unduly prolonged or in which the blood building seems to be going on very slowly, a blood transfusion may be considered desirable to take some of the burden off the blood forming organs and enable them to have a reasonable amount of rest in their work.

Ideals and onlnions expressed In this column are those of one of America's most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

it were more true. I do not know of any radical group, save the tiny Communist faction, which is definitely anti-religious. There is no religious test for membership in the Farmer-Labor or Socialist party. The Christian Socia.l- - group is smm an active force. It is neifficr fair nor accurate to attempt to stir up prejudice against partisans of drastic economic programs by suggesting that anybody who holds such views must of necessity be irreligious. Christianity itself demands radical changes ip the life of every man. f , a tt it Not the First Time /~\F course, Herbert Clark Hoover never has been noted as a person scrupulous about raising the religious issue in American politics. He profited Materially in the last presidential allowing his supporters and henchmen to flood the south with anti-Catholic propaganda against A1 Smith. It is true that Hoover himself did rjot take official cognizance of the things that were said and done to inflame the hill-billy elements. But he hardly can have been unaware of the whispering crusade undertaken against his adversary. Everybody else knew, and at a meeting in Tennessee Hoover lent weight and almoS* official sanction to the proceedings by posing for the photograpers while in the act of giving a Hearty handshake to John Roach Straton, one of the most active of ail publicists in the matter of fomenting religious prejudice. (Copyright. 19,30. by The Times)

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.OCT is. 1930

SCIENCE —BY DAVID DIETZ

Quantum Theory Contends That Radiation, Including Light, Consists of Minute Particles Called Quanta. Philosophers have not decided the question of whether history repeats itself or not. There are, nevertheless, interesting coincidences, echoes, and parallels. We can find some of them in the history of science, for example, in I the history of that Interesting scientific concept, the ether of space, and the question bound up inti- | mately with it. whether light and other forms of radiation consist of waves or minute particles. Prior to the start of the nine- ! teenth century the idea of the existence of an ether had declined, due chiefly to Sir Isaac Newton's championship of the theory that light consisted of miniate particles or corpuscles. If light consists of waves, there must be some medium in space—the ether—to carry them. Corpuscles, however, can fly through empty space. The start of the nineteenth century—the year 1801—saw the beginning of a series of events which brought the wave theory into general favor. The start of the twentieth century—the year 1901—saw the beginning of a series of events w!,iich threatens to displace the wave theory. tt St ff Soap-Bubble Colors THE wave theory began to ride into favor with the work of Young in 1801. He showed that the colors which form soap-bubbles and other thin plates could be explained satisfactorily only by the wave theory. Fresnel. Fizeau and Foucault added other evidence with the passage of time and the wave theory finally was put into form as the electromagnetic theory of light by Maxwell. The year 1901 saw the beginning of the qnantum theory, which held that radiation, including, Jight, consisted not of waves, but of minute particles callled quanta. These minute particles sometimes are called photons. They also have been called atoms of energy, as distinguished from atoms of matter. The quantum theory grew out of the work of Max Planck, famous German physicist. While the quantum theory is not as well known to the public as the Einstein theory of relativity, it is quite as revolutionary. Further, it is of interest that Emstein developed the general implications of the quantum theory before he developed his famous theories of relativity. Planck pointed out that' the rate at which energy was radiated away from a black body was such that it cc-uld not be explained satisfactorily on the assumption that the radiation was given off ir. continuous waves. It could be explained., however, on the assumption that the energy came off in definite driblets or bullets, the so-called quanta.

The Bohr Atom OTHER experiments and studies have tended to strengthen the following of the quantum theory The Bohr 'theory of the ‘atom, for example, the theory that the atom consisted of a central nucleus around which electrons revolved, is built up entirely upon the quantum theory. It is assumed in this theory that each time an electron jumps from one orbit to another it releases a quantum of energy. The Bohr theory gained great favor because of the ease with whicli it explained most of the facts of spectrum analysis. If the light produced by any chemical element in a luminous state is examined with a prism or spectroscope, the resulting rainbow or spectrum always consists of a group of lines characteristic of that element. Each chemical element produces Its own characteristic lines by which it can be identified. The Bohr theory explained in satisfactory manner why, this should be so. Other experiments with the reflection of X-rays, notably those for which Professor Arthur Compton of the University of Chicago and Prof. C. T. R. Wilson of England were awarded the Nobel prize, support the quahtum theory. But the victory of the quantum theory Is not complete. It falls to explain the phenomena which Young explained a century ago with the wave theory.

Daily Thought

And he that killeth a beast, he shall restore it; and he that kilieth a man, he shall be put to death.—Leviticus 24:21. Justice without wisdom is impossible.—Froude.