Indianapolis Times, Volume 42, Number 118, Indianapolis, Marion County, 25 September 1930 — Page 4

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itIUPPJ-HOWAMD

Stick to the Facts When will the administration learn that its peated bull statements and prophecies, because not supported by the official figures, are hurting rather than helping business? Does not Washington know that the business community has been made so suspicious that almost every time a bull statement i issued it immediately bears the market? Certainly any situation in which business generally comes to discount government statements ol facts ts exceedingly dangerous for all concerned. And yet, Secretary of Commerce Lamont—doubtless with good intentions—has put his foot in it again On Tuesday the headlines all across the country announced: ’’Lamont Declares Decline Has Ceased. Lamont stated: “It is perfectly clear that business on the whole has ceased the marked decline which was characteristic of a number of earlier months and there are some distinctly encouraging features.” But on the basis of Lamont’s overoptimism, business was made more pessimistic than ever. The stock market and grain exchanges have gone lower. Today comes the regular monthly statement on business conditions by the federal reserve board, which, to put it gently, does not jibe with Lamont s statement. It reports: “The board's index of Industrial production, which makes allowance for seasonal variations, continued to decline in August. “Building contracts awarded, as reported to the F. W. Dodge Corporation, were in slightly smaller volume during August. “At the middle of August, the latest date for which figures are available, the number of wageearners and the volume of factory pay rolls were smaller than in the middle of July.’’ It is too bad that such is the case. But as long as that is the truth, American business has got to know it and plan accordingly. We believe that American business —thanks to the economic soundness of the country and our superior national resources —is capable of pulling out of the depression, especially if the government helps by modifying tire disastrous tariff. But American business can not steer around the rocks unless the facts and charts put out by the government are scrupulously accurate.

What Will G. 0. P. Do? So that plot to defeat Senator George W. Norris by running an unknown “double” in the Nebraska primary was the cheap trick of Republican managers after all! This was denied at first by the double— George VV. Norris, the grocery clerk of Broken Bow. Now. under grilling by the senatorial investigating committee and faced with a detailed statement by a girl secretary of what occurred, Grocer Norris and his attorney, Paul Johnson, have confessed. That is, they have admitted that Victor Seymour, described in news dispatches as western manager oi the I üblican senatorial campaign committee, dictated announcement of the grocer’s candidacy, paid his : 'ng fee and an additional SSOO for the grocer's time and expenses. This confirms the story told by the girl, Seymour's secretary. Since Grocer Norrfe and his lawyer admit that their original testimony was false, the senate committee is considering the obvious step of turning that part of the case over to the United States district attorney for perjury prosecution. But the senate committee will continue to probe the political implications of the plot. The fact that the plot was hatched a little too late to do any damage and that a Nebraska supreme court justice tlnew out the grocer's filing because it was received two days late does not make the plot any less despicable. If it had succeeded it would in effect have nullified the primary by preventing voters from distinguishing between two candidates of exactly the same name. That is going pretty far, even for certain cld guard politicians who arc determined apparently to stoop to almost anything to drive out ot the Republican party and out of office all progressives of the Norris type. Where do the Republican party managers in Washington get off in all this low trickery? Was the “western manager” of the Republican senatorial campaign committee acting under their orders, or with their consent, or with their knowledge and silent approval? If not, isn't it about time for the Republican party leaders officially and formally to disavow and condemn such tactics? Isn't it time for them to drive out of party office and authority all of the party officials implicated? Or will they remain silent and inactive until their party is blackened by the scandal and until public protest foi'ces resignation of the culprits, as happened in the case of Chairman Huston of the Republican national committee? Neighbor Dictators One more Latin-American dictator has gone the way of all dictators. Today it is Irigoyen of Argentina. Yesterday it was Leguia of Peru. The day before it was Siles of Bolivia. Before that it was Borno of Haiti. Vasquez of the Dominican Republic, and a dozen others. Tomorrow, according to the dispatches, it may be Machado of Cuba. Like old Diaz of Mexico. Irigoyen and most of these comtemporary dictators seem so powerful that their overthrow is deemed impossible. But then, suddenly, the autocratic power collapses of its own weight. There would be more hope for democracy in this inevitable fall of * Latin-American dictators if the people rallied behind civilian liberators. But in most cases the change in power represents little more than a split m the military clique, with anew man on horseback taking advantage cf popular revolt. In Peru the people objected because the dictator, Leguia, was too pro-American. In Argentina apparently they thought the dictator. Irigoyen. carried anti-Yankee sentiment too far. In Haiti the dictator was openly a puppet of the United States. And in Cuba the dictator is little more than that. So in one way or another the United States—through its vast financial holdings and loans, its naval dominance, and political prestige—is an issue in these many Latin-American dictatorships and revolutions. For better or for worse, the economic bonds between the two Americas are so close they must be accepted, which is ell the more reason why the United States should refrain scrupulously from political interference, direct or indirect. One form of indirect interference is the present state department policy of using diplomatic recognition as a moral support and the withholding of recognition as a political club. nance of dictators and Latin-Amencan\jveiS|®w of those dictators is equally none of our busesl® We should recognize as i matter of uWiVi any

The Indianapolis Times (A JCBIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER) Owned and published dally lexiept Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos.. 214-220 West Maryland Street, Indianapolis, Ind. Price in Marion County. 2 cents a copy: elae’.Tberc, 3 cents—delivered by carrier, 12 cents a week. __ BOYD GURLEY. BOY W. HOWARD. FRANK G MORRISON. Editor President Business Manager PHONE—Riley SMI THURSDAY, SEPT. 25. 1830. Member of United Press, IScripps-Howard Newspsper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Intormatlon Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

government which is the existing government in fact, such recognition implying neither approval nor disapproval. That is the traditional American policy. The sooner the state department returns to it, the better for our conscience and for our Latin-American relations. Capital Punishment for Reds? Shall the United States prescribe capital punishment for reds? This is the question raised by the deportation of three Communists, Serio, Capuano and Radekovitch. The first two are Italians. The third is a Yugo-Slav. Serio is charged with being an anarchist, but the other two are branded merely as Communists. Serio, arrested after a meeting in Erie, Pa., on May 11, is held on $25,000 bail, said to be the highest ever set in a deportation case. Hitherto the department of labor has permitted in such cases what is known as “voluntary departure.” This allows the person in question to go to the country of his choice if he would be admitted. This would permit these three men to go to Russia. Now the department denies this right of voluntary departure. The men must be sent back to Italy and Yugo-Slavia. In all probability, they will receive sentences once they fall into the hands of the home authorities. By deporting them, Te are practically imposing the death penalty for unconventional opinions. Radekovitch already is en route to Yugoslavia. Perhaps anarchists and Communists are bad people to have around, though we seem to have gotten along fairly well with a considerable number of them in our own body politic. But it is a far cry from the land of asylum for radicals, which our country was in the beginning, to collusion in imposing the death penalty for reds.

A New Lse for the Telephoto The telephoto process, by which pictures are transmitted over long distances by wire, has been used widely by newspapers and by advertising agencies: and now a real estate salesman also has found it valuable. This salesman was in Los Angeles, selling a $50,000 house to Burton Holmes, the well-known lecturer. But Mrs. Holmes was in New York; and any householder can see that no man could buy a house that his wife had never seen. But it didn’t stump the salesman. He telephoned a picture of the house to Mrs. Holmes, and followed it, on her request, with a telephoto of the kitchen. She approved, and the sale was made. Lady Rachel Byng, a news item says, entered in a poultry show in London recently a rabbit which is valued at more than $7,000. There’s a woman, you may be sure, .who takes good care of her hare. Mile. Paulette Bernage of Paris said, after a three months’ tour of the United States, that American women drink more orange juice than gin. It’s ginger ale they use, and in real small proportions, too. It would be a fine thing for the country's potato crop if that phrase could be revised to read: “As Maine grows, so grows the nation.” American women, according to a physician, are getting fiat feet. Many husbands already have found their wallets that way. Walter P. Chrysler Jr., son of the automobile magnate, is to enter the book publishing business. Like his dad, he will be interested in volume production. The bust of a former Tammany executive was rejected and now. the sculptor has brought suit. Maybe he didn't submit a rough graft first. A San Francisco judge, late to court, fined himself $5. A case where justice was not found wanting. The unemployed in this country don't know how well off they are. In Bavaria, we read, the jobless are paid dole in the form of limburger cheese. Speaking of Lindy’s major achievements, the fact escapes most of us that he made his Maine flight the other day. Why do they call the fellows who hang around street corners rounders? ✓

REASON by

IF you want to know how wet New Jersey really is, kindly observe that the board of education of Elizabeth, in that state, just has refused to name anew school in honor of Frances E. Willard, who devoted her life, not to prohibition, but to the qgiise of temperance. a a a You’ve heard a lot about the “courage” of Dwight Morrow when he declared himself wet in his campaign for the United States senatorship from New' Jersey. He was about as courageous as a man w r ho washes to cross a river and who takes the only bridge that crosses said river. tt u tt WHEN we read how the students dragged the bust of the former president of Peru from its pedestal and trailed it through the streets, we thought of 1896, the free silver year, when our old friend, Judge Dykeman of Logansport. entertained William Jennings Bryan, and, for a social climax, decapitated the bust of Grover Cleveland. tt a a Mrs. J. A. Dent just has won the beer drinking championship of Texas by putting over half a gallon under his vest in twenty-two seconds. With that modesty which alw’ays adorns a great victory, Mr. Dent said that he owed it all to his father, who could drink even better. What a tender memory for one to treasure of papa! a a a Even though former Governor Smith had been selected to place Governor Roosevelt in nomination, Tammany refused to select its former idol as delegate to the state convention. If Tammany continues to throw spears into Smith, it may succeed in making him a hero. tt St St THE last cruiser launched by the navy was named in honor of Louisville, but when we launch the cruiser with the greatest number of guns, we should without hesitation name it in honor of Chicago. a a a Constitution day was observed all over Jndiana last week, citiz .u s paying their respects to the document. but many of them doing so with a mental reservation as to a certain amendment. a a a We never realized what a horrible thing this revolution in Argentina was until we read that in their excess of ecstasy strong men kissed each other in the streets. a a a It's fine for Secretary of Wai HuSey to assure the people of the Mississippi valley that the government is for flood control, but it would be a good idea to get at it some time.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

SCIENCE —BY DAVID DIETZ—

Thousands of Eyes Saved in Industrial Plants by Goggles and Masks. THE use of masks and goggles in industrial plants, a simple and relatively inexpensive precaution, has saved thousands of eyes and millions of dollars. The story is told in “Eyes Saved in Industry,” a report just issued jointly by the National Society for the Prevention of Blindness and the National Safety Council. The report contains statistics kept for a period of two years in 583 plants employing a total of 500,000 men. The report shows that the use of head-masks and goggles save 10.000 eyes during that period. The saving in money is estimated at $46,000,000. The plants surveyed include metal producing and fabricating companies, chemical concerns, mines, railways, foundries, rubber companies, automotive plants, and the like. “In this study, th first of its kind ever made,” says Lewis H. Carris, managing director of the National Society for the Prevention of Blindness, “it was assumed that an object which hit a goggle lens with such force as to pierce or shatter the lens most certainly would have so damaged the eye, if the goggles had not been worn, as to cause complete or nearly complete loss of vision. It was assumed, further, that every instance of a goggle lens bespattered by molten metal or by corrosive or otherwise injurious chemicals, represented an eye saved.” a s Protection Needed CARRIS points out that recent developments in manufacturing processes make the protection of workers’ eyes more important than ever before. “Increase in use of destructive chemicals in industry during recent years,” he says, “is reflected in the data from miscellaneous manufacturing plants which recorded the spattering of both leases with molten metal or injurious chemicals in the case of one employe out of every hundred in the industry within a year. “In practically all these instances the glass lens was damaged so badly by chemicals or molten metal that it had to be replaced. Often even the frame of the goggles or the entire headmask had to be discarded. “Much has been said concerning the number of eyes lost in industry, the cost of industrial eye injuries, and the extent of blindness attributable to the eye hazards of industrial occupations. Little has been said concerning the number of eyes saved in industry, the economic gain or this saving to employer, employe, and nation, or the extent to which blindness from industrial causes may be averted. “Little has been said concerning these matters because practically no authentic data covering the experience of any large group of industries was available until this study was made.”

Serious Problem THERE still is much work to be done in the field of protecting sight, Carris says. “The eye hazards of industry have come to be one of the most serious causes of blindness in America,” he says. “There is, in fact, considerable ground for the belief that each year more persons permanently are robbed of their sight by occupational hazards than by any other major cause of blindness. “This is largely due to the fact that innumerable persons, employers and employes alike, still do not realize, or do not believe, that it is possible to prevent accidental eye injuries in the particular occupations in which they are engaged. “It is also due to the failure on the part of employers or employes and communities at large to appreciate the tremendous financial loss resulting from the blinding of men and women in industry. “Despite the splendid accomplishments of many individual firms in prevention of accidents in general, and specifically in prevention of eye accidents, such accidents still are considered by many persons inherent or unavoidable accompaniments of certain industrial processes. “Despite the tremendous financial savings through accident prevention publicly and authentically reported by some of the leading industrial concerns of America, there still are thousands of employers who regard as an unavoidable, though evil, necessity the payment of thousands upon thousands of dollars for destruction or injury of the eyes of their employes.”

W IC OAVr 16’ mi jghgv

THE S-51 TRAGEDY Sept. 25.

ON Sept. 25, 1925, the worst submarine disaster in the history of the United States navy occurred when the U. S. submarine S-51 sunk near Block Island, off the Rhode Island coast, after it had collided with the passenger steamer, C;ty of Rome. Thirty-four members of the submarine’s crew perished; were rescued. The accident occurred at about 10:30 at night. Captain Diehl of the City of Rome said that the S-51 sank in about fifteen seconds, and that after he had drifted over the spot where it went down for an hour, in hopes of picking up survivors, he proceeded to port. For this action he was criticised severely. It was the popular contention at the time that he should have stood by for a longer period, preferably until daylight. Although rescue ships were rushed to the scene of the tragedy, efforts to raise the sunken submarine failed day after day, until the hope of bringing any of the imprisoned men to the surface alive had been abandoned. When the submarine was raised, it was found that the crew" had drowned, not died of suffocation. Which Is the largest domestic breed of dogs? The St. Bernard, except possibly the Tibetan mastiff. A good specimen of St. Bernard is about 30 or 40 inches tall and weighs from 150 to 200 pounds.

The Act Doesn t Seem to' Be Going So Well

ABOUT another j rt' > f * }4 ' '■ -V"

Diet Deficiency Cause of Many Ills

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hyeeia. the Health Magazine. THERE was a time when the food of the vast majority of American people represented a distinctly unbalanced diet. A balanced diet does not mean that the peas are lifted on the knife; it means instead that amounts of the important constituents are provided in sufficient quantity to maintain health at an optimum. It long has been recognized that the fisher folk of Labrador and northern Newfoundland do not have a balanced diet. They suffer considerably with such conditions as night-blindness, beriberi, rickets, scurvy, and with general undernutrition. At the request of Sir Wilfred Grenfell, Dr. Helen S. Mitchell made a survey during the summer of 1929 among these people. She found that practically all food supplies used by these people, except some fish, game and a very small amount of edible vegetation, had to be ob-

IT SEEMS TO ME BY H broun D

UP to now I have made no comment on Mr. Mencken’s marriage. But I must join the discussion, since I find that so many are ignorant of the gentleman’s admirable qualifications for domestic life. Consider, for instance, his native attitude toward It should be easy to cook for anybody so uncritical. Speaking of railroad dining cars, H. L. Mencken once wrote: “I always order the same thing. It is impossible for even a Pullman cook to spoil ham and eggs.” That’s a lie. Or, to be more chariI table, a ridiculous misconception, i There is as wide a gulf betwen good ! ham and eggs and poor as stands i between Lucifer and his former residence in heaven. The dish can be spoiled, and very often is. The knack lies in cutting the ham. Not more than one in a thousand is able to make the slice sufficiently thin. In most American homes ham and eggs means a huge | slab of meat repulsive to anybody with true discrimination. a a a Eggs Not So Easy EVEN eggs are not so easy. All my life I have been trying to get four and a half minute eggs. It can’t be done. Not in any hotel or restaurant. Not even in the home. People always assume that you really mean three-minute eggs, and in the extra minute and a half paradise is to be lost and found. Even 30 seconds can make or mar an egg. Sauerkraut moved Mr. Mencken to statistics, and he asked, “But how often in America is it properly prepared?” “Perhaps once in 100,000 times,” was his answer. I don’t think the very finest sauerkraut ever moulded by a master is worth the attention of any civilized man, and so, if much is spoiled, what of it? Let the industry be abandoned and the world will not suffer. But toast can be a triumph or the bleakest sort of tragedy, and the happy ending is acomplished not once in a million times. If every burnt piece of toast served in this country in a single' morning were laid end to end one might walk from here to Poughkeepsie and two miles beyond upen the charred surface. Throw in that toast which is underdone and a man with little respect for his feet could girdle the globe. s xx a Isn’t Toasted’ INDEED, it seems to me that this one achievement alone serves to identify good cooks from bad. The person capable of making proper and inspired toast need never worry To him all things shall be added. “Him” is employed not only in accord with grammatical usage, but to indicate the J>elief of this writer that praticallf all the great ones of the kitchen ate men or boys. Women just haven/t got the touch. What with housework, dusting

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE

tained from traders in exchange for the season’s catch of fish. The trading posts are so few, that it is the custom to obtain in the fall a twelve-month supply of the substance* that are used in the diet. Thus some of the women were able to tell exactly how much flour, molasses, oleo, and other substances the family consumed each year. Dr. Mitchell found in sections where there were few garden.!, cattle, goats, sheep or hens, that conditions are by far the worst. A barrel of white flour for each adult annually, molasses, salt pork, salt beef, oleo, a few beans and peas, a good supply of codfish and tea constituted the diet of the majority of these families. A few thrifty farmers buy or raise potatoes, turnips and cabbage, but not enough to last even for one-half the winter. The diet contains plenty of calories to take care of the energy requirement of the people and the proteins, fats and carbohydrates were in reasonable proportion, with starches predominating over sugars,

and other passions to which they are addicted, women grow clumsyfingered. And they are far more practical than men and lack in vision. “Good enough” becomes the motto of the housewife, which is all very well concerning many things, but will not do at all for toast. It is also hard for me to forgive H. L. Mencken for a slur which he cast at cans. To speak of tinned food with contempt seems to me a sign of Babbitry. tt tt tt Romance of Lobster IT suprises me, for instance, that so little has been written about the romance of canned lobster. I like to think of,-some lonely soul sitting late at night in a drab farmhouse of Nebraska. Or you can

Times Readers Voice Views

Editor Times—The Indianapolis Real Estate Board wishes to indorse the co-operation and aid you have given the Legion in Marion county in the effort to convince the present county commissioners that the majority of the voters in Marion county desires them to purchase immediately the churches on the Plaza site. The Indianapolis Real Estate Beard has passed several resolutions favoring purchase of these churches, and at this time it is not of any changed opinion. It would be well that this issue be settled immediately and the good name of Marion county upheld before the rest of the state. It is not felt by this board that a delay in the matter of this purchase will in any way lessen the load of the taxpayers. We believe that it simply means that this body prefers the purchase of these churches to other means of incurring indebtedness which will be used in Marion county. The American Legion in Marion county has acted fairly and honorably in insisting upon this demand. The Indianapolis Real Estate Board wishes it to be known that it is wholly on the side of the American Legion, and most heartily indorses the co-operation given that body by the press of Indianapolis. We hope that this additional expression by the Indianapolis Real Estate Board will lead other organizations in Marion county to urge the Marion county commissioners to purchase these churches prior to the time of election. INDIANAPOLIS REAL ESTATE BOARD. DAILY THOUGHT Seek the Lord and ye shall live. —Amos 5:6: ® Every one goes astray, but the least impudent are they who repent the soonest.—Voltaire.

because of the extensive use of white flour. The chief shortages were in vitamins and in mineral salts. The consumption of larger amounts of fish and of flour rendered an adequate supply of phosphorus, but the calcium was extremely inadequate. Asa result of this difference in the proportion of phosphorus and calcium, the children showed jaws full of decayed and broken teeth. Due to the taking of large amounts of meat and molasses, iron in the diet was sufficient. When molasses was substituted Joy sugar, it lowered the amount of iron, in some instances to the point of permitting a deficiency. There was considerable lack of vitamins. Night-blindness is associated with a deficiency in vitamin A; beriberi is associated with a deficiency in vitamin B; rickets and scurvy with a deficiency in Vitamins D and C. Moreover, lack of these vitamins predisposes to infections and to lowered resistance.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column ar e those of one of America’s most interesting writers and are nresented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this naper.—The Editor.

take two lonely souls if you like. Outside the wind is moaning in the corn. Corn, corn, nothing but corn for miles around. In the morning he will be up at dawn to break his back over this dull grain, and she will rise almost as soon to milk the cows. Nebraska born is my hero, and he never has known the sea, its ridges, and its anger. But he has heard of it and dreamed, and tonight he can not sleep for thinking of those vast, uneasy plains where not one sows or reaps. If only once he could come face to face with that old devil sea and cast off good wwks and conformity! bob Also Restless AND, as it happens, my heroine is also interested ii the ocean. She, too, suffers from repressions and insomnia. Here coincidence comes to aid the plot. He dresses partly and steals down to the kitchen. So lightly does he step that none can hear him. and it is the sheered accident that she in a modest wrapper, goes to the same place at the same time. They meet precisely in front of the ice box and without a word of explanation begin to rummage among the cold fare on the shelves. None of it appears to him or to her, but then his eye lights up, for he has found a can of lobster. The sea and its savor have sought him out in deepest Nebraska. 'Copyright. 1S3(). bv The Times'

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SEPT. 25, 1930

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

You Can Close the Saloon, but You Can’t Stop Men From Drinking. Advocating repeal of the eighteenth amendment, Colonel William J. Donovan tells the Young Republican club of Buffalo that the Whig party perished, because it attempted to straddle the slavery question. The Buffalo law-enforcement committee of 17,000 declares that Colonel Donovan is wrong and that the Whig party perished, not because of any straddling attempt, but because it refused to adopt the uncompromising views of Abraham Lincoln. One could argue the point until he was black in the face and prove nothing. This is not 1854 or 1864. Nor does the slavery question represent a very sound parallel for prohibition. Slavery was opposed to one of the fundementals of democracy, as stated in the Declaration of Independence. It was abolished in the interest of freedom and that is precisely whv the eighteenth amendment shoulu be repealed. a a a Men Will Drink AS a matter of common sense, prohibition is much more in accord with the philosophy of those who defended slavery than with that of those who advocated abolition. Prohibition is built around the idea of regulating and restraining the individual. The end it seeks may be justifiable from a moral standpoint, but the method is indefensible from a political standpoint. Our fathers had a saying that •‘you can lead a horse to water, but you can’t make him drink.” It is.not only a poor rult, but a poor maxim that won’t work both ways. y You can close the saloon, but you can t stop men from drinking. n a st Won’t Obey live Law DRYS tell us that if we only would all agree/ to obey the law’, prohibition would cease to be a problem. Os course it would, but that is the one thing we rvon’t do, and that is the one thing the amount of opposition to the eighteenth amendment, even in the hour of its passage, should have w’arned them to expect. Prohibition on a nation-wide basis never was advocated by a sufficiently large majority to warrant its enactment into law. Law not only requires sentiment to back it up, but a great deal of sentiment, especially when it relates to traditional habits or convictions. 4 tt tt Majority Too Small REPEAL of the eighteenth amendment is not being advocated exclusively by those who are plagued with a thirst they can’t control. Back of this, as back of every other piece of legislation, there are certain immutale principles which control the social and political balance. Theoretically, the mass should be able to make individuals do what it wants. Theoretically, If nine million citizens favor a certain policy, while only eight million oppose it, the policy should be adopted and enforced without trouble. History, however, is little more than the record of what disgruntled and disaffected minorities have done. We can’t afford to be too tyrannical merely because we have the votes, particularly when the margin happens to be small. ana State Liberty Stolen THE eighteenth amendment not < lly presumed a degree of personal 'egulation which would have shocked the founders of this republic, but goes far toward the annihilation of state sovereignty, which was one of the principal barriers they set up to prevent too much centralization. What it pretends to do for temperance is well-nigh inconsequential compared to what it actually does for centralized power at Wash-, ington, Nothing >n this country’s career has done so much to weaken local or state authority on the one hand, while augmenting that of the federal government on the other. With one stroke of the pen United States judges found themselves taxed with the burden of policy magistrates or justices of the peace. Even the supreme court has been called upon to decide cases which belong properly to a village tribunal. All of which goes to the bottom of our political system and involves much more perplexing questions than whether a man should buy his liquor straight over a licensed bar, or sneak into a speakeasy and prepare the way for gang rule.