Indianapolis Times, Volume 42, Number 90, Indianapolis, Marion County, 23 August 1930 — Page 4

PAGE 4

StUPPJ-HOWAML

The Next War? Another World war is predicted by admirals, statesmen and professors speaking at the Institute o' Politlik. Williams town. Once we were assured solemnly that the World war was the ' war to end war.” But there is no doubt that there are more potential causes for war today thin in the spring of 1914. The present Franco-Italian hostility is similar-to the earlier Franco-German tension. There arc a half dozen sources of friction as serious as the old Austro-Serb dispute. Repressed nationalities still chafe under alien rulers. Europe east of the Baltic and Adriatic is a caldron out of which almost anything may be brewed overnight. There are thirty conflicting national itates instead of the eighteen that existed in 1914. Economic causcfe of war have not diminished. The aame old struggle for raw materials and markets goes on, and with new intensity between Britain and America. Tariff barriers are mounting ever higher. There is the conflict between Communist Russia and capitalism: and the rising nationalist tide in China, India and elsewhere in the east. In the race between "education and catastrophe man requires all his intelligence and resources to solve problems within national boundaries. There Is little prospect that man will be able successfully to cope with the complexities of the modern age if bis efforts are thwarted and destroyed by the periodic Intrusion of war. It does not help much to attack one or another of the symptoms of the war system. The fundamental causes must be sought out and resolutely asssailed. What would this mean in actual practice? A more pacific type of education and rearing would need to be provided to bring out co-operative traits and restrain pugnacity. Intellectual and cultural competition would be substituted for physical combat. Population would be kept within limits which the environment and industrial machinery could support in decency. The war cult would be undermined and the peace advocate shown to be as good a patriot as the hundred percenter. Racial arrogance *nd the myth of a chosen people—Nordic or otherwise—would be put down. Action would be begun looking toward internationalism of raw materials. The tariff mania would be curbed. This would give free trade and fairer access to markets. Economic imperialism would be discouraged by refusal of government to put armed force behind private investors abroad. Political changes also are necessary. The national state,' like tribalism, feudalism and other epochs in political development, is but a stage In the evolution of political institutions. No nation has been or ever can be completely free and independent in every sphere of action. The fiction that the national state occupies a spe - cial plane which renders its acts immune to moral judgments would be exposed relentlessly. Willingness to arbitrate would jc regarded as a better test of national honor and rectitude than eagerness to fight. When we can meet such conditions there will be hope of curbing war. Paying Wages by Check • Considering only employing corporations with large pay rolls, the payment of wages by check undoubtedly is a good way to escape loss by pay roll robberies. But there are other things to consider. Principal among them is the cost to employes who don't c&rry bank accounts of getting their checks cashed. . < .' ' . in the days of the old-time saloon, most saloon keepers did a petty banking business of cashing checks for such employes, but it involved patronage of saloonkeepers by the employes. Mr. Saloonkeeper got his percentage. Just where the percentage would go now is problematical. but it can be taken for granted that whoever cashes thc--chccks will expect to profit by it, and that employes who get paid by check and don't have bank accounts will pay in some way for the service. - * And with many employes who live from hand to mouth, a bank account, with about SIOO tied up as a minimum deposit, is out of the question. Yet any bank is entitled to compensation for the bookkeeping involved in, carrying small deposit accounts. The employer who wants to pay by check might find a way to pay for this service; and it might pay him to encourage such thrift. If he doesn't do this, then he must recognize the fact that every employe is entitled to cash tor his labor and that it is up to him to pay cash and take his chances against pay roll robbery. That simply means that there are two sides *o the matter of paying labor by check instead of cash. No Longer News The British dirigible R-100 is back home again after her round trip trans-Atlantic flight. And the biggest news of the trip is that in many newspapers, the story of her safe arrival back in England was "inside page’’ stuff. In other words, dirigible flights across the ocean have been made so many times and so successfully that they now are almost oommonplace. No greater compliment could be paid the dirigible than the fact that its flights have ceased to be spectacular. It- is being accepted as a safe, sane and practical thing. The airship isn't as fast as the airplane, but it is safer for ocean flights, and carries a bigger load. Bearing a cargo of many tons, it can cut steamer tune in half. It is the next logical step in speeding up oceanic commerce. Regularly scheduled dirigible service across the oceans seems not far away, * The airplane's field is over land. The flying boat's forte is not-too-long overwater flights. The dirigible is the thing for the hazardous ocean haul. Congratulations to England on building and navigating another successful super-ship of the skies! Other Law Enforcement l-wstoetj* Hoover's statement denouncing the lynching evil is encouraging. If federal officials will throw their moral strength and prestige into the fight, public revulsion in the end will force the stern measures necessary to cope with this savagery. There are so many lynchings and the subject is 6o revolting, none of us likes to write or talk or hear much about it But it has grown so bad that continued silence is cowardice, and further evasion is treason. Within eight months this year the number has mounted to fifteen, compared with twelve during the whole of 1929. Indiana and other northern states add their toll to that of the south. It no longer is a sectional scourge; it is national. We may be thankful at least that the latest wave of lynchings has sobered officials to the need of action. Witness the unequivocal and courageous

The Indianapolis Times <a §CBtrrs-HowARD newspaper) Owned asd published dally (except Sunday) by The Indiaoapoll* Tlmea Publishing Cos., 214-220 West Marjlaod Street, Indianapolis, Ind. Price In Marion County. 2 cents a copy: elsewhere. 8 centa—delivered by carrier. 12 cent a a week. BOYD GIB UK?! BOY W. HOW A ED. FRANK G. MORRISON" Editor President Business Manager PHONE—Riley 6581 ' gATUaPAT. APO. 71. lflo. Member of United Press, bcrlppa-Howard Newspaper Alliance. Newspaper Enterpriaa Association. Newspaper Information Service sad Audit Burean of Circulations. “GiveXight and the People Will Find Their Own Way.**

Now the-President speaks. In his secretary's letter to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, he said: “AH decent citizens must condemn the lynching evil as an undermining of the very essence of both justice and democracy.’’ It is to be hoped that the President sent a copy of that letter to the Hoover law enforcement commission. which is so fond of emphasizing that its work reaches beyond prohibition to all law enforcement. Linking the Americas Merger of Pan-American Airways and the New York, Rio & Buenos Aires line gives the United States the unquestioned upper hand in its campaign for South American trade. Less than two years ago this nation entered the South American air transport field, on which European companies already had a firm hold. Today it has surpassed every one of those companies, and has taken control of aerial transport there away from the Europeans. The new merger makes Pan-American the largest air transport system in the world. It is difficult to overemphasize the importance to the United States of South American trade. That continent has been waiting for centuries on transportation to open its vast store of natural resource* and its potential markets. The nation that holds that transportation key holds an enormous advantage. The new Pan-American Airways will fly 100,000 miles a week, and will put New York and Buenos Aires within a week of each other. Trade will flow back and forth between the two continents over this swift new means of transportation. Confusing the Issue For fourteen years the nation has had to stand by and sec Mooney and Billings, two California laborites, held behind prison walls on discredited evidence. It has been forced to listen to unworthy argument and crooked reasoning in low and high places. It has seen the one and only issue drowned in oceans of prejudice, class feeling, propaganda. Now in * the pardon rehearing in San Francisco it hears raised again the same old cry: "Whether they are guilty of this crime or not, they’re bad actors, so why worry about freeing them?’’ The answer is that there is only one question at issue: Are Mooney and Billings guilty of killing ten and injuring forty persons in the Preparedness parade in San Francisco on July 23, 1916? As Associate Justice Emmett Seawell of the California supreme court said: "There are prejudices in every case, but the members of this court ought to know enough lav. and ought to be fair enough to exclude the consideration of testimony that might be prejudicial.” Here's good advice to Governor Young, to the ipreme justice.' the pardon board and the people of California. If guilty of this atrocious crime, Mooney and Billings should remain in prison; if innocent and in jail by reason of improper trials, they should be pardoned. • ' ''V'-'S-When Clarence De Mar, noted long distance runner, missed a train on his way to keep a lecture appointment, he ran more than the distance of a marathon to catch another, A miss is as good as miles to him. * - Eight Connecticut boys swimming in a-dye-polluted river returned to their homes with green hair, green eyebrows and green eyelashes. Some day they'll be very typical freshmen. Judging from bathers we’ve seen at the beach this, summer, what this country needs most urgently is form relief. Parts of a dictionary inscribed in Semitic on sunbaked bricks have been unearthed in a Syrian coast town. It is understood that reporters in those days found-.it easy to build up a story on the most meager data. Then there was ingenious lawyers who tacked on to his shingle the notice: “Suits suppressed while you wait.” ‘ . An angler, declares the office philosopher, is just a fisherman putting on airs.

REASON

IT seerhs that every investigation has to become absurd after it runs so long. Our senators, you will remember, became engulfed in a sea of nonsense when they started to investigate Grundy of Pennsylvania, and now these California supreme court judges, investigating the Mooney-Billings case are becoming more absurd everday. •V tt tt tt ► In their investigation of Billings they asked him about his politics and what ticket ho would vote if he were participating in the next November's pasteboard classic, when this has no more to do with the question of his guilt or innocence than does his liking for boiled cabbage. , x tt tt u THESE foolish questions were asked, you will kindly remember, by experts in testimony, by judges who would throw you or me out of the window if, during a trial, we should insist on consuming the court's time Ly such a silly recital. n a tt To one up a,tree it would seem as if the judges were trying to force from the defendants some sort of admission of radical affiliations upon which they could hang popular prejudice and justify refusal to let the defendants go free. No decent jury would hang a sheep-killing dog on the sort of stuff offered against those men. a tt Congress was very deliberate in giving Lindbergh his gold medal, more than three long years having passed since he won it by flying the Atlantic, but -■ven so, Liridy is in luck, for many of her heroes have to wait thirty to forty years for their jewelry. K tt tt m On . one side oi this medal it should have been said that he flew the big pond and on the other, and in bigger letters, it should have been remarked that he did not sell out his fame and that, he has been able to keep his head to the midst of glory, which is harder than to fly to the moon. * These Chicago officials, whose names appear on the Zuta corruption list will now shake in their boots as r.o those Indiana statesmen who wrote loving letters to Stephenson in his days of power, lest their tender epistles be given to the world. m m m Ex-Governor A1 Smith is leading a crusade against the theater ticket scalpers in New York, a commendable thing, of course, but it would have been more beneficial to the public if it had been done before tfie talkies pqt the “legitimate 1 * theater out of hi \

FREDERICK LANDIS

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

SCIENCE

-BY DAVID DIETZ -

Art Oppressed by Machine Age, Lovers of Beauty Declare, THE next great renaissance in art will take place in America, according to Professor William A. Boring, director of the school of architecture of Columbia university. But at the present moment, he sees art being oppressed by the mechanical nature of the present age. Beauty, he says, is being forgotten in the race to build "bigger and bigger.” His views agree with those of Ignace Paderewski, genius of the piano and statesman, who believes that the machine age is working against art and that the present system of life oppresses genius. Professor Boring has recommended to President Butler of Columbia that a great art school devoted to all the fine arts be established at Columbia. "The situation demands such a school with even stronger insistence,” his report points out, adding that the art center of the western world is New York City, and that here also should be the greatest school of art. 8 tt u Ideals PROFESSOR. BORING points out that man’s achievement in art reflects his ideals of beauty. "What visions rule his mind, guide his hands in his work, give beauty to his creation, if, in his soul, he sees beauty; but if he has not a fine ideal of beauty, his work is without charm,” Boring says. "In this mechanical age we are surrounded by new inventions of form, which show function, power and movement; forms which amaze and impress us, but which rarely exhibit the elements of beauty. "These forms are not fundamental human records, familiar to us through long association; they have not yet passed through the fire and alembic of human experience which sublimates them into symbols of elemental experience and life. "Today things, rather than ideas, engross our minds. We invent and construct to attain material satisfactions; rather build for ideals of beauty. "Beauty appeals to us where we see it, and when we are searching for it, but while our vision is filled with new forms and devices, we forget the beauty of the past. "Men, women and horses still arc the most eloquent forms in art today as they were in the classic times, because they represent elemental and natural phenomena, which are in harmony with nature and with us, for art appeals through torms which suggest\some association or experience.” tt tt tt Optimistic WHILE Professor Boring is somewhat pessimistic ; about the present, he gazes upon the future with optimism. *‘Today we explore the heavens with greater telescopes,” he continues. "We examine the bottom of the sea in the deepest diving laboratory; we cut atoms into electrons; .we fly around the world: we do extraordinary and unheard of things, -which would be beyond the power of the gods in the Periclean Age, but, try as we will, we can not carve a statue, nor design a building, nor write poetry comparable to the sublime art of the ancient Greeks. “In time our achievements surely must be molded to a noble ideal, but our forms have not been sublimated into beauty. We have not gone far enough toward an ideal. “The hope of the world is youth. Youth has courage, force, ambition; youth flew the Atlantic; youth won the war. Youth believes in what he sees and is not enthuisastic about the past and its ideals. “When once he becomes inspired by fine ideals in art, he will mold the world in that image. He will then create beauty. It is for us to show him the noble vision and to guide him toward a sublime ideal. "In such measure we can help him to a beautiful idea; we will contribute to bringing beauty into the coming architecture and the other arts.”

Times Readers Voice Views

.Editor Times—Please hold a contest to find Mr. America. I see so many handsome young men in Indianapolis and they also have brains, if they do go hatless. Modem youths are not at all bad at heart. They are just frank. I come in contact with many and find they still have ambition and also are not afraid to work without white collars. I have two sons and they are not only good boys, but thrill my old heart with their kindness and love. Find the new Uncle Sam in boys between 14 and 21 years. P. S.—Only for your paper, the crooks would walk away with all public buildings. • ' * A READER.

Questions and Answers

Who is the Governor of California, and what is the capital of the state? C. C. Young is Governor. The state capital is Sacramento. Who originated the game of basketball? Dr. James Naismith of the University of Kansas. Where is Lake Pontchartrain? It is a large salt water lake in the southeastern part of Louisiana, thirty-six miles long, and- about twenty-two miles wide. Who was Samoset? An Indian chief who lived in the first half of the seventeenth century. He was a firm friend of the Pilgrim colonists at Plymouth. What is the value of a United States nickel, 5-cent piece dated 1866? It is cataloged at 5 to 25 cents. How high is Mt. Washington, in the White mountains? It has an altitude of 6,293 feet. Who directs the Black and Gold Room orchestra that plays over the mdia? iAUiwig Laurier.

BELIEVE ITORNOT

The world G A VILLAGE IN T6EL?-144 ROOMS j SPREAD OVER A WIDE AREA- AN O j CONNECTED BV MILES OF CORRIDOR'S 1C t - \ j Suilt by a wealthy woman who believed that as \ long as she kept adding rooms she would tvor die Iq 4 1 ' Lew., k da* f InSFPPP I / in Queens Count/ A BMW D NIS -1 Guivuaon,CoL '"l' ME SOLD HIS BODY TO THE ACOdemyof uji -T*-® For 15000 BUND WEN (Dealers m cumdoco blinds) DRIVE AuTos ■— -y---— — THROUGH THE STREETS OF INDIANAPOLIS 1 * ujo. Km StbCxm •■*-

Energy Given by Food Is Measured

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor, Journal of the American Medical Association, and of Hrceia, the Health Magazine. TjEFORE the coming of the modern era, the physician had no way of knowing exactly how well the vital organs of his patient actually were functioning. When it began to be realized that the body is a great physical-chem-ical mechanism, in which all sorts of chemical and physical reactions actually are going on, means were developed for measuring the rate of speed of these reactions and their functional efficiency. Everything that takes place in the human body is to some extent the result of a chemical change. Thus, the temperature of the body is maintained by this mechanism. Whenever any organ performs its duties, energy is used up and transformed into some equivalent of a different character. Energy comes from food. When the food is taken into the body it

IT SEEMS TO ME

EVERY newspaper columnist must acquire in the course of time his own particular collection of cranks. For the most part they are harmless enough, but a fearful burden. Even though one realizes the tragic nature of some of the abberations, it is difficult to be as patient as perfect kindliness would demand. Brevity is never in any individual who strays away from the thoroughfares of normal thought. The canyons of the track-brained are inevitably yawning chasms, It is comforting to think that perhaps the afflicted are not altogether unhappy. In their fantasies they take on a confidence and self-im-portance denied to them in health. There is no stopping the stream of

PERRY’S BIRTH August 23

ON Aug. 23, 1785, Oliver Hazard Perry, noted American naval officer, whose celebrated victory on Lake Erie is regarded one of the most heroic episodes of the War of 1812, was bom at South Kingston, R. I. Entering the navy at the age of 14, Perry gained valuable experience only ten years later in the war against Tripoli. Shortly after the outbreak of the War of 1812, he was sent to Erie to take charge of the construction of a fleet with which the Americans hoped to wrest from the British the control of Lake Erie. By the end of the summer of 1813 he succeeded in building and manning a squadron of nine vessels. He sailed them against the British fleet, comprising six larger and stronger ships. The English so hotly attacked the Lawrence, Perry's flagship, that out of 101 men on. it only eighteen escaped injury. At this juncture Perry left the Lawrence and was rowed to the Niagara in a small boat. , Resuming the conflict* he gained a brilliant victory, taking all the British ships. He sent the following dispatch announcing the result: “We have met the enemy and they are ours. Two ships, two brigs, one schooner and one sloop.” For this service congress gave Perry a gold medal. Daily Thought Be content with such things as j ye have. —Hebrews 13:5. I The fewer'desires, the more peace. —Thomas Wilson.

On request, sent with stamped addressed envelope, Mr. Ripley will furnish proof of anything depicted by him.

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE -

is broken up into fundamental constituents which are taken up by various organs and transformed into the purposes for which the body needs them. The sum of all of these activities is the basal metabolism, a matter influenced by many factors. As has been said, the food itself is the source of energy. However, the rate at which the food is broken down and retransformed is influenced by the activities of the various organs, by exercise, by the temperature of the body, and by many other factors. Various devices have been developed for measuring the basal metabolism of the human being, a figure usually expressed in terms of plus or minus and representing the speed at which exchange is going on within the body. The fundamental foods, such as proteins, carbonhydrates and fats are broken down into various constituents. Formerly the energy value of these foods was expressed wholly

HEY WOOD bx BROUN

their revelations. I have never received an erratic letter of anything less than ten pages. It is hardly fair to complain of letters for you don't have to read more than a paragraph to detect the irrationality of an epistle. One client of this column furnished an even better time-saving device. For in the course of a year and a Mlf she wrote three letters a week, all of them in German. n tt tt One Language Mind nnHERE is nothing essentially wild in that, but I don’t speak German and never answered or read any of the letters. They continued to come on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays and then suddenly ceased altogether. The letter from the patient confined in an institution is quite common. All these follow the same form. The patient writes that he is perfectly sane and has been committed by jealous relatives. \ Sometimes the “oil trust” or some well-known captain of industry is mentioned. It is, of course, entirely possible that a certain number of sane people have been committed unjustly, but the persecution mania is so well standardized that it would be a thankless and hopeless task to attempt looking up the circumstances of each case. And occasionally they came to call. There used to be a regular visitor at the office who caused me great perturbation. I would hesitate to call him imbalanced, but he wanted to prove to me that he was skilled in all the arts. The demonstration which he was anxious to make for my benefit was a performance in which he would- read the balcony scene from “Romeo and Juliet.” (Enacting hero, heroine and nurse) and simultaneously paint a landscape and play a comet solo. And he always brought the comet. I managed to stave off the stunt by manifold lying about the trains I had to catch. During toe month before he dropped out I must have traveled several thousand miles on phantom railway journeys. tt tt tt How About Them? Autograph collectors can hardly be classed among the lunatic, but they are almost as great a pest. The craze seems to have had a sudden rLse within' the last three or four years. These aggressive youths and girls stand about theater lobbies and implore the least likely candidates to write not only names, but sentiments in their wretched albums. I never have seen any quotation on the cash value ’it a genuine “Heywood Broun," but if it la worth

Registered D. S jjy Patent Office RIPLEY

in calories. It was recognizee that one gram of protein would provide about four calories, as would also one gram of carbohydrates. However, one gram of fat, which is more productive of energy than protein or carbohydrate, provides nine calories. A gram is roughly about one-thirtieth of an ounce. It, therefore, may be seen how small a quantity of food is necessary to produce four calories and why it is that butter and fats may help to put on weight so rapidly. Naturally a person doing a small amount of work does not need to have as much energy or to provide so many calories as one doing heavy labor. Whereas a clerical worker eats from 2,500 to 3,000 calories a day, e, stevedore or woodchopper consumes from 4,500 to 6,000, and a lumberman may take as much as 8,000. In the same way a seamstress takes from 2,000 to .2,300, whereas a maid-of-all-work or a laundress consumes 2,800 to 3,500.

Ideals and opinions **prosed in this roiumn a-e those of one of America’s nsost Interestinc writers and are presented without retard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

anything above 3 cents, I am missing out on a racket. If there ever was a market, mass production has killed it. Each day dozens of letters go out saying, “I will ry and send you the check soon as possible,” “I am sorry the column bores you” and “the broadcast does come at a late hour, but I had to take tr.3 time assigned to me.” The only salvation for a bull market in ‘Brouns” lies in the fact that comparatively few are holding the signatures for a rise. tt m it Too Good to Be True SPEAKING Os cranks again I have already found that the quickest way to make a collection of oddities is to go into politics. A nice old lady came to headquarters and said that she had some very damaging information about Mrs. Ruth Pratt and that her revelations must be imparted in private. In the southeast corner of the suite we found a comer three feet removed from any listening ear. I turned to the old lady expectantly. This would be ammunition about the tariff, unemployment or prohibition. Something around which to build a slogan and a platform. “I think you ought to know,” said the old lady, “that Mrs. Pratt is running a speakeasy immediately above my apartment and that John Haynes Holmes is helping her.” I reached tor my hat. This was one more train I would have to catch. The poor, stricken old lady didn’t realize that even if the story had been true I couldn't have used it. It would be too helpful to my opponent. (Copyright. 1930. by The Times)

Sparkling and Spizzy If you had at your fingers’ ends a collection of seventy-five different recipes for concocting seventy-five kinds of delicious homemade non-alcoholic beverages, you would never be ‘‘put to” as to what to serve at that bridge party, afternoon tea, porch supper, Sunday evening supper, or when one or two friends just “drop in” in the evening. Well, our Washington bureau has those seventyfive recipes covering all sorts of delicious and some quite unusual drinks, both cold and hot, all compiled in one of its comprehensive bulletins. It will make a valuable addition to your collection of recipes. Fill out the coupon below and send for it. CLIP COUPON HERE Beverage Editor, Washington Bureau, The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York Avenue Washington, D. C.: I want a copy of he bulletin, Homemade Non-Alcoholic Beverages, and inclose herewith 5 cents in coin or postage stamps to cover return postage and handling costs. Name \ St. and No City State I am a reader of The Indianapolis Tunes. (Code No.) . . . . V... • - . • • :

;AUG. 23, 1930

M. E. Tracy

-SAYS:-

Progress Is Not Mods by Strokes of Genius; Unless the Strokes Are Timed Properly They Usually Do More Harm Than Good. THE discovery of Andrec’* body comes as a tragic reminder of how times have changed. It was only thirty-thr** years ago that he let* Spitsbergen artth toe well wishes of a skeptical world. Had he pursued the even tenor of his way as an engineer, he easily might have lived to see Byrd fly over the pole. Had he waited for the dirigible and the high-power combustion engine, he might have done it himself. His idea was all right. What it lacked was a sufficient number of supporting ideas. m 8 Not All Genius PROGRESS is not made by strokes of genius, though a good many people seem to think so. Unless the strokes are Wiped properly, they usually do more harm than good. Every new scheme or device is not only the by-product of preceding schemes, or devices, but largely dependent on them. \ The conversion of balloons fnto dirigibles was an obvious possibility, but not with sails. The fundamental fact of aviation is the motor, and the motor N owes its exictence to oil. as well as to many discoveries in the field of metallurgy. tt tt tt Inventors Show Way JAMES W. GERARD says that fifty-nine bankers, business men and industrial barons run America. Maybe they do in an executive sense, but they have very little sayso in the sense of progress and achievement. Edison, whom he fails to include on the list, has forced a veritable revolution in our home and factory life. An innumerable multitude of other inventors have done the same thing, though to a lesser extent. Whether In the United States of America or Soviet Russia, this world is dancing to the music of technicians and scientists. Asa general proposition, the men whom Gerard mentions as overlords of our destiny are little more than high-salaried stage managers. tt 8 * Born in Workshop THE difference between lifs today and life when Andree left Spitzbergen; the improvements that make it more enjoyable, especially for the great masses of mankind, go back to the laboratory and workshop, where human ingenuity really expresses itself. The big boys ale doing a good job when it comes to the exploitation of all the new comforts and conveniences, but where would they be without those comforts and conveniences to exploit, and what opportunity does the future hold for them unless more comforts and conveniences are forthcoming? The great industrial system of which we are so proud and which makes modern life modern was not produced by men in the front office. What is more, it can not depend on them for the improvements and innovations necessary to keep it going. tt tt Intelligence in Saddle FOR the first time in history, civilization is in the grip of something deeper than economics and more capricious than politics. For the first time in history, vast multitudes of people are forced to make radical changes in their way Os living, or habits of work, nqfc because of what some prophet has said, or some war lord commanded, but because of what some humble student has evolved through patient study. For the first time in history, the mind of man is functioning with scientific freedom, and the order of things is being determined by intelligence. >t tt New Force Rules NECESSITY no longer is needed to mother invention or fotce discovery. Nor is accident regarded as such an al-important factor. Meq at last have acquired the feeling that it lies within their power to learn new tricks, create new devices, and perfect new systems by the simple process of using their wits. A public educated to expect such things and pay for them furnishes all the incentive that is required. The antagonism toward innovations which formerly prevailed has ceased. So, too, has the idea of waiting until hunger makes them indispensable. Not only business, but statecraft, are accommodating themselvea to the rule of anew force. What is the salary of the prime minister of Great Britain? No salary la attached to the office of prime minister, but the incumbent receives a salary as a member of the cabinet holding a portfolio such as first lord of the treasury. Practically all British prime ministers have held portfolio besides being prime minister.