Indianapolis Times, Volume 42, Number 44, Indianapolis, Marion County, 1 July 1930 — Page 4

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Misrepresenting Indiana Three millions of Indiana citizens, more or less and probably many less, last night listened to the broadcast by twenty-two governors of as many states. Among them was Governor Harry G. Leslie of Indiana. Those who listened will bear witness to the fact that he brought anew and most unenviable distinction to this state. He was the only Governor who reverted to near profanity and vulgarity. The Times submits that “Wot to ’ell” is not expressive of Indiana. The Times submits that the state deserved better than this. The Governors of other states will return home to receive the thanks of their citizens. The people of Virginia will applaud their spokesman who told of great men and other days when men thought of Liberty. New York will receive and embrace the new Roosevelt who spoke in terms of idealism and gave thought to anew day for this nation. The people of Minnesota will long remember its Christianson, who spoke with real sympathy for the principles of free thought and free expression. Perhaps the people of Indiana will forgive Leslie his profanity in an hour when profanity was unnecessary. It may forgive him his crudeness. But Indiana will not forget that at such an hour and with such an opportunity, Leslie forgot the greatness of Indiana. No other Governor had such a chance. No other state had a James Whitcomb Riley to speak in the terms of poetry of the common people—and him Leslie forgot. No other state had a Lew Wallace who inspired the nation. And he went unsung and unhonored. No other state had that great apostle of child liberty and Beveridge was unnamed. No other state has a Booth Tarkington, a George Ade, a Meredith Nicholson—great men of literature. Its warriors, its statesmen, its patriots, its leaders were forgotten. And Indiana offers to the nation the broadcast of “wot to ’ell.” Ed Bush, waving his British flag at Kansas City, made a spectacle of himself and Indiana. And now comes Lesi.e and his “Wot tc ’ell.” It is a horse rac! for bad eminence. The Pension Muddle After the Presidents courageous stand against the Rankin veterans’ relief bill, his support of the legislation which congress is substituting is difficult to understand. For Hoover did more than veto the Rankin bill; he issued several long and convincing statements showing its fallacy. In all these bills there is only one major issue. It is whether we shall continue the policy of all previous World war veterans’ legislation, hitherto accepted by the veterans’ organizations and both political parties, or whether we shall revert to the old general pension systems of earlier wars. The present substitute legislation does the latter. The only possible excuse for the President supporting the pending bill is that it may entail a smaller immediate financial drain upon the treasury —which is no excuse at all. For, if we are to embark on general pension legislation, the government in the long run will pay out billions of doUars. Immediate costs are not the issue. If war-dis-abled veterans are not now receiving adequate carewhich appears to be true, in some cases—this should be remedied, regardless of cost and regardless of the treasury balance. But that reform can be and should be achieved by corrections in the present law, as pointed out by the director of the veterans’ bureau. All of that, however, has nothing to do with the attempt now being made to compensate men for service in the war as such, and for disabilities incurred long after the war and in no way related to the war. J In justice to the men actually disabled in the *-ar and who are in need, government relief should go to them and in full measure. That always has been the position of the World war veterans themselves. . . .. The principle is as true today as ever. And will not be from now if the President shows as much courage in qpposing the latest pension bill as he did in vetoing the Rankin bill. He Ought to Know "Prohibition is not the logical solution of temperance in our form of government and I now publicly advocate the repeal of the eighteenth amendment before the nation is consumed in the fires of Its consequences.” The only unusual thing about this statement is Its source. Jt comes from the man who has been trying to enforce prohibition in the largest district, that of New York. Major Maurice Campbell, resigning from the federal service, should know something about prohibition as a result of his experiences. Os course, dry extremists may try to laugh off Campbell’s conclusions by saying that he is angry over his transfer to the Boston enforcement district, which he is not accepting. But Campbell must be a pretty good man from the dry point of view or he never would have been chosen for the New York job. nor would the administration have sought to retain him in the service in the latest of the periodic ehakeups. To be sure. Campbell did not succeed in enforcing prohibition. Neither did any of his predecessors nor will any of his successors. That is the point And the tiresome shifts of personnel, which the country has come to expect, can not obscure that point from the public That the public understands the impossibility of enforcing these laws and the desirability of their repeal is clear, not only from newspaper and magazine straw polls, but also from recent voteafin such

The Indianapolis Times (A SCRirPS-HOWABD N'BWSPAPEK) Owned and pnMiabed daily (except Sunday) by The Indlanapolia Timet Publishing Cos., 214-220 West Maryland Street, Indlanapolia, Ind. Price in Marion County. 2 eenta a copy; elsewhere, 3 cents—delivered by carrier, 12 cents a week. BOYD r.r.RLET, BOY W. HOWARD, FRANK G. MORRISON, Editor President Business Manager THONR-Riley 5331 TUESDAY. JULY 1. 1930. Member of United Presa, Bcripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

widely separated states as Massachusetts, New Jersey and Washington. Considering the growing wet sentiment in the country, and the fact that no law is enforceable which violates the will of the majority, it is perhaps not so surprising that federal prohibition administrators themselves are beginning to resign and demand prohibition repeal. Dr. Wiley Dr. Harvey W. Wiley is dead at the age of 85. All over the country men and women will remember his service in protecting them and their children from adulterated foods which were so common until he won his fight for federal pure food laws. We join in that tribute to a great public servant and to a courageous reformer. But Dr. Wiley would not appreciate lip service to his memory by friends or followers who forget that this country still has a long way to go before it achieves adequate er orcement of the pure food laws, much less the needc*. modernization of those laws. No one knew that better than Dr. Wiley. In the autobiography published shortly before his death, he wrote: "No attempt is made at the present time to control the bleaching of flour, yet under the food law the bleaching of flour is declared an offense against the law. "Similarly, no attempt is made today to prevent the addition of benzoate of soda to a food product as a preservative, although its use is prohibited under the law. "Likewise, no restriction is made at the present time against the use of saccharin in foods, largely because the attempts to restrict its use were made in such bungling manner as not to secure arproval of the jury before which the trials were made. "Alum can be put in foods without restriction, although all other countries, so far as I know, have ruled that alum is an adulterant.” The administration in Washington has on its hands more than one job of law enforcement.

The High-Brow Boss The average citizen carries around in his mind a stereotyped composite picture of the political boss. He is a squat and corpulent thug, devoid of any neck, bald-headed, illiterate, an ex-crook now plying his trade in more elegant fashion, leaking tobacco juice and reeking with alcohol. No doubt there have been bosses who lived up to these specifications. But there have been bosses of the greatest power and most sinister methods who have been at the same time men of remarkable intellectual attainments and the highest culture. The death of William Barnes, once the peerless Republican boss of New York state and the most powerful "regular” in the national party in 1912, brings back vividly to memory one of the most Illustrious of the highbrow bosses. Many have supposed that Barnes was the conventionally low-lived bum who is believed to dominate partisan politics. To compare him with Roosevelt or Wilson would be deemed by most men nothing short of idiotic. Yet he was intellectually far superior to either of them. Roosevelt made a far better showing at Harvard than Wilson did at Princeton, but Barnes ranked far ahead of Roosevelt in his achievements at Harvard. Not even at the height of Roosevelt’s intellectual powers did Barnes appear in unfavorable contrast. The writer was a daily attendant at the famous Barnes-Roosevelt trial in Syracuse in the spring of 1915. He was a fierce partisan of Roosevelt, but any fair-minded person at the trial had to admit that Barnes gave the impression of possessing a better trained and more nicely poised intellect. The glamour of Roosevelt’s name was all that won the day for the ex-Bull Mooser.

Os like feather intellectually was that sardonic hulk. Boies Penrose. The Pennsylvania czar was in his younger days a talented scholar. He was a member of the noted seminar at Johns Hopkins university conducted by Herbert Baxter Adams, in which Woodrow Wilson received his doctor’s degree. Penrose wrote a creditable dissertation on local government In colonial Pennsylvania. He easily could have qualified as a professor of history or political science. Few would have suspected Penrose's predecessor, Matthew Quay, of any erudition. But Quay, who was a great student of the Bible, actually consulted the word of God in the original Hebrew. This was a feat which probably could not be duplicated by one man of God in ten. In short, men of this type may go to the gutter, but they are not in the gutter because they are of it. To them it is apparently a game which caresses their lust for power and prestige. They love to manipulate people. Holding that the latter are “boobs,” they see no moral objection to moving them about like pawns on a chessboard. Should we hang men like Barnes and Penrose on higher gallows than the thugs who know no better? This is a delicate moral question which we would be rash to rush into. And perhaps siey are right. Who knows?

REASON F S CK

SINCE Admiral Byrd's expedition is something like SIOO,OOO in the hole, since what he discovered belongs to Uncle Sam. and since we are all celebrating his return, the congress should oppropriate enough to wipe this deficit off the slate. After all these ovations, we should not compel Byrd to pass the hat. n n n Bobby Jones made a great mistake that he did not have this English golf tournament pulled off in time to let him return in triumph before Byrd arrived. Any reception New York can give him now will be an anti-climax. Since Max Schmeling has agreed to fight Sharkey again, he would better write all the testimonials he can this summer, for his museum value will shrink after the 25th of next September. u n u 'X'HIS new head oi the Chica S° P° lic e force announces that the gangsters will be crushed with an iron hand, which would seem to be appripriate, since they have teen protected by the itching palxns. n n n A gentleman in Texas is gping to be the first man who ever rode a bull to New York City, but hundreds of men have ridden the bull to Washington. A rain of mud fell at Regina, Saskatchewan, last week and. coming when there was no election in town, it attracted great attention. n n n THE cradle i which President Hoover used to repose has been found in an lowa stable where it long had been used by setting hens, which is a delicat etribute to the simplicity of the republic. n n n This doctor down in Dallas, Tex., is not the only one who is rejoicing because Clarjyßow is back home and keeping still. f

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

SCIENCE | BY DAVID DIETZ Michelson, High Priest of Light, Back at Work on Experiment Started FiftyOne Years Ago.

ALBERT A. MICHELSON, the grand old man of American science, 77 years old and astonishingly recovered from a severe attack of pneumonia which threatened his life last autumn, is back at work, putting the last touches to an experiment he started fifty-one years ago. A half-century ago. Michelson, then a young instructor at the naval academy at Annapolis, began some experiments on the speed of light. Today he is known as the high priest of light, having performed experiments which, among other things, led to the formulation of the theory of relativity by Professor Albert Einstein. Today he is professor of physics at the University of Chicago, past president of the National Academy of Science, and research associate of the Mt. Wilson observatory. Professor Michelson now is at Mt. Wilson, Cal., where he will make his final determination of the speed of light. A pipe line a mile long, consisting of corrugated iron pipe, three feet in diameter, has been set up under direction of the Mt. Wilson astronomers. Pumps are connected ; to the line to extract the air from it. Michelson will measure the speed of a beam of light as it races through the vacuum with the line, reflected back and forth by a system of mirrors at either end.

Accuracy NO method ever has been devised to measure the speed of light in one direction. It is necessary to send the beam to a mirror at a distant point and back again. The first time Michelson measured the speed of light, he was 26 years old. He performed the experiment chiefly as a demonstration for his students at the naval academy. But he designed some new apparatus for it, incidentally out of his own pocket, paying for some of the apparatus To his own astonishment, he obtained a result more accurate than ever had been achieved. That decided him to make light his career. The last time he measured the speed of light was in 1926. He obtained the figure of 186,284 miles a second. This was made as the beam traveled between Mt. Wilson and a peak in the San Antonio ridge. Later he tried using a longer base line between Mt. Wilson and San Jacinto, a distance of eighty-five miles, but the beam passed too near other peaks px various points and the results were unsatisfactory. Subsequent attempts to use a fifty-mile base line between Mt. Wilson and Santiago peak also prewed unsatisfactory because of dust and smoke from the city of Los Angeles. It was then that Michelson decided to try the pipe-line experiment. A fund of $40,000 was furnished jointly by the Rockefeller Foundation and the Carnegie Corporation.

Mirror MICHELSON’S apparatus seems exceedingly simple. A beam of light is reflected from one face of an eight-sided mirror to a mirror at the distant point. From there it is reflected back to the eight-sided mirror. The eight-sided mirror then is put into rotation by a compressed air motor. If the mirror is rotated at the right speed, the returning beam of light will get back just in time to hit the second face of the revolving mirror and be reflected back again to the distant mirror and so on. The whole trick then is to get the revolving mirror to turn at the right speed. Then if the speed of the mirror can be measured with sufficient accuracy, an accurate determination of the speed of light can be made by a few simple calculations. Mic ielson devised means of determining with great accuracy the speed of the revolving mirror. He believes that the pipe-line experiment will give him better results than his previous experiments because of the vacuum. This eliminates all difficulties of air pressure, wind currents and so on. Michelson was born in Strelno, Germany, Dec. 19, 1852. His parents moved to San Francisco when he was a small boy and he attended the public schools of that city. Prior to joining the faculty of the University of Chicago, he was professor of physics at Case School of Applied Science in Cleveland. It was in Cleveland that he and the late Professor Edward Morley, then professor of chemistry at Western Reserve university, performed the famous experiment, since known as the Michelson-Mor-ley experiment, on which Einstein based his theory of relativity.

IffinWe/iVoyoul yCrtowl&urßib/e? 1 FIVE QUESTIONS A DAY"' (£ ON FAMILIAR PABBAOES K m wmiw> Piii mvmmimlk

1. Finish Job’s saying about death: "There the wicked cease from troubling ...” 2. How long was Solomon in building his palace? 3. What became of the thirty pieces of silver for which Judas betrayed Jesus? 4. To what does Ecclesiastes compare the laughter of a fool? 5. Whom did Jesus call "a burning and a shining light”? Answers to Yesterday’s Queries 1. “For they shall obtain mercy.” Matthew 5:7. 2. In Matthew 6:9-13 and Luke 11:2-4. 3. A Syrian general who was healed of his leprosy by bathing in the Jordan, as Elisha commanded him. II Kings 5:1-19. 4. By a pillar of cloud by day and a pillar of fire by night. Exodus 13:21-22. 5. A soft answer turneth away wrath; but grievous words stir up anger.” proverbs 15:1. DAILY THOUGHT Love is the fulfilling of the law.—Romans 13:10. Paradise is always where love dwells.—Richter,

WcjS v

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Mothers’ Milk Still Best of Foods

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeta, the Health Magazine. “'T'HE milk of a healthy mother who is receiving an adequate mixed diet contains all the food elements necessary for the nutrition of the infant for the first half year of life.” With this statement Dr. W. McKim Marriott begins a discussion of the importance of having the infant fed by its own mother, and with this statement he reiterates the view held by the vast majority of physicians. If the infant is fed at reasonable intervals and takes as much as he wants, his energy requirements will be met, and there will be little danger of over or underfeeding. If reasonable cleanliness is observed, there will be little danger of infection of the infant with harmful bacteria. Human milk is more

IT SEEMS TO ME H ™

HERE is a story of our New York mayor which is new to me and comes on good authority. Jimmy Walker attended a banquet at which the preceding speaker was a distinguished California educator. The native son was extolling the glories of his home-land and making our own Empire state seem pallid in comparison. California, according to the orator, was more richly blessed in everything. In particular it had more universities. “I, myself,” remarked the speaker, “have attended no less than five colleges, all of them in the state of California.” "That,” said Jimmy Walker, “shows the difference between the coast and here. If a New Yorker can’t make the grade the first time he quits and goes to work.” n n n About Daughters “XT’OU’RE always slapping away JL at censorship,” writes S. B. W., ‘‘and so let me ask you a simple question. Would you take your 16-year-old daughter to see ‘Fifty Million Frenchmen?’ Don’t quibble. Give me an honest answer.” If I protested violently that I’m not nearly old enough to have a 16-year-old daughter and in addition have no 16-yqar-old daughter, I might be accused of quibbling. There is no necessity for that. I easily can give S. B. W. an honest and simple answer. I wouldn’t daughter to see "Fifty Million Frenchmen.” Seats, as I understand it, are still largely in the hands of speculators—that is the best ones. Having been a dramatic critic, I am ruined for anything, but the best seats. The first or second balcony might do well enough for m,v daughter, but these old eyes, ears and legs are happier in about the fifth rowtwo on the aisle. Two seats of that sort, for myself and 16-year-old daughter, would cost in the neighborhood of S3O. To me S3O is an extravagant sum if spent on entertainment. When I spend S3O in a single evening for mere frivolity I should nuch prefer that the young lady in the other seat be neither a daughter nor any other female relative. How could I consistently give a party like that for my own child and then in the next day or so exhort her to spend less on clothes and stick more rigorously to frocks of simple gingham? Besides, the sum spent for tickets would only be a part of the entire evening’s total. There would be thei dinner and the night club later. I would not care to take a 16-year-old girl to speakeasies and cabarets. n n n Not an Infant AND at 16 in our modern age a girl has begun to grow up. ~he is no longer an infant. She should know her own way about. Since there is no daughter. I have every right to assume that she would be a young lady not without charm. In such a case I would most certainly refuse to take her to

Choose Your Exit!

easily digested by the infant than is unmodified cow’s milk. Finally, it is recognized that the milk of the mother helps to supply the infant with certain substances which are of importance in aiding the child to resist disease. Babies who are fed by their own mothers are usually larger, healthier and of better disposition than those fed artificially. Unfortunately, because of a variety of causes, breast feeding is not always successful. The milk of the mother may be inadequate in amount for the infant’s need; because of the ill health of the mother, the milk may be of poor quality. Notwithstanding these facts, the majority of specialists in diseases of chlidren are convinced that it is advisable whenever possible to have the baby nurse from the mother for at least the first few months of life. The nutrition of the infant should not, however, be permitted to suffer because the supply of the

“Fifty Million Frenchmen.” Or any of the rest of the party. At that age with her beauty and intelligence she ought to be able to find some young man to buy tickets and escort her. If I were to answer in more serious fashion I would say that “Fifty Million Frenchmen” seems to me a highly amusing show and that its ribaldry is intelligent and entertaining. I have always felt that the facts of life need not be imparted to the young folks as wholly tragic. But the question asked by S. B. W. would probably be academic even if there were a Miss Broun. Children of today don’t wait until they are advanced in years before beginning to run their own lives, I should hate to try and interfere. The important question would not be what I thought about “Fifty Million Frenchmen” but her own reaction. I am speaking now of Hortense Broun. I could tell her what seemed good conduct and bad conduct for people of my own age and acquaintance, but these same standards need not apply to her at all. Her code might

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BIRTH OF LEIBNITZ July 1 ON July 1, 1646, Gottfried Leibnitz, one of the most extraordinary examples cf universal scholarship in intellectual history, was bom at Leipzig, Germany, Though he was eminent in history, divinity, philosophy, political studies, science, mathematics engineering and literature, it is chiefly through his philosophical and mathematical reputation that he lives in history. Entering the university at the age of 15 Leibnitz received his bachelor’s degree two years later when he produced his remarkable thesis “On the Principle of Individualism.” In 1670, at the age of 24, after he had studied law, he was appointed assessor on the bench of the upper court of appeals, which was the supreme court of appeals. An interesting sidelight on the man’s versatility may be had in a military memorandum he drew up while in Paris. He proposed a plan for the invasion of Egypt with a view to submitting it to Louis XIV. His real intention in this memorandum was to divert Louis’ attention from plans against Germany. The king never received the document. It remained for Napoleon to make the invasion of Egypt in 1798, and to discover five years later that he had been anticipated in his plan by Leibnitz. After publishing his greatest philosophical work, “Theodicy,” Leibnitz engaged in a controversy Ith Newton concerning the discovery of differential calculus. In this work, however, it was later revealed that both men had made original contributions.

milk of the mother is inadequate, nor should a mother who is in poor health and delicate be compelled to nurse the infant when the child itself is in good health and capable of getting along very well with artificial feeding. Os greatest importance is the urging of breast feeding among poor people who have not the same facilities for carrying out satisfactorily artificial feeding that are available in hospitals and in the homes of the well-to-do. Since tuberculosis is transmitted directly from grown persons to an infant, a mother with tuberculosis should not be permitted to nurse her child. Neither is it advisable for a mother suffering with advanced stages of heart disease, Bright’s disease or cancer to nurse the baby. In mild cases of infection, or disturbance or inflammation of the kidney, nursing may be undertaken.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those of one of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

be far more conservative or more radical than my own. It would be largely her own business. I have only the dimmest idea of what is good for 16-year-old girls. I’ve never known any very well and among the latest crop I have no friends at all. Ethics must have a close relationship at practicality. Conduct is tested by finding out how it works. If “Fifty Million Frenchmen” would be bad for my daughter, then I should prefer to have lw* stay away. It might be good. How could I tell? And so I’m afraid that I shall have to quibble in my answer after all. A completely truthful answer to S. B. W.’s question would have to include the reservation, “I really couldn’t say without consulting her. And that, owing to circumstances over which I have no control, is impossible.” (Copyright, 1930. by The Times)

Times Readers Voice Views

Editor Times—What on earth is the matter with the dear old Republican party of Indiana? Then has scarcely been a state convention of that time-honored organization for the last half century that has not inserted in its platform a glowing eulogy upon the protective tariff, and announced to the world that it was a Republican policy and had brought prosperity to all classes and to all sections of the country. But the convention which just has adjourned, after having written by all odds the weakest and most insipid platform every adopted by any party in the history of the state, was as silent as the grave upon the subject of the tariff, and utterly failed to claim credit for the splendid prosperity which now prevails throughout the nation. I wonder what caused this notable omission upon the part of the convention. Surely the Republicans of Indiana have not gone back upon the noble policy which protects our struggling young industries against the pauper labor of the old world, enriches our own laborers, and yet relieves the American consumer from burden by compelling the foreigner to pay the tax! Such conclusion needs only to be mentioned to be rejected with scorn and indignation. Searching, however, for the correct solution of the convention’s silence concerning the tariff, I am inclined to the opinion that, had it wanted to be entirely candid with the people of Indiana, and given them the true reason for its reticence respecting the tariff, it would have adopted a pU?nk in its platform worded substantially as follows: Whereas, our dearly beloved Republican President convened our much loved Republican congress a year or so ago to make a limited revision of the tariff schedule, mainly in the interest of agriculture, and only in rare instances in the interest of industry, and Whereas, after dilly dallying with

.JULY 1, 19301

! M. E. Tracy SAYS: No Phase of the Great War More Remarkable Than the Speed With Which Average People Have Recov-i ered. * A WEEK-END of thrillers, with allied troops evacuating the Rhineland, a young Texan upsetting the tennis dope at Wimbledon, Roger Q. Williams flying from New York to Bermuda and back again in seventeen hours, leaders of Red Russia in high glee over the expected demise of capitalism, and nineteen dead as the result of Sunday amusements. As though that were not enough, Nicholas Murray Butler okays the Simon report. Lord Rothmere sets England by the ears with an offer of SSOO for the best essay on the popular election of cabinet members, and Bolivia is reported tranquil after a week of revolution. And as though that w-ere not enough, the Hunter brothers are still up, after having been at it eighteen days, and have broken all endurance records by a long margin. n n n World Moves Fast THIS is still an active, interesting world, in spite of all the depression talk. Human progress, if such it can be called, has acquired a stupendous momentum. Sometimes it seems as though we couldn’t stop if we would. No phase of the great war is more remarkable than the speed with which average people have recovered, especially in the tom-up areas, and, more especially still, under completely changed political conditions. Germany, though regarded as hopelessly broken, is back on her feet. So is France, Italy and even Poland. As for Russia, the most remarkable thing about her novel regime is not what it portends as a political theory, but what her people have accomplished under it. After all, it is the spirit, rather than the form, which counts. nan Uncle Sam Prospers LOW stocks, poor business and a disagreeable amount of unemployment, but Uncle Sam reports not only a surplus of $200,000,000, but an undiminished revenue fromi the income tax. 4 This hardly could be so if all’ Americans were headed for the poorhouse. Cheer up, however, since, as the gloomy Mr. Mellon points out, there is worse to come. It simply is impossible to catch Mr. Mellon without forebodings of a deficit. Though this year may be all right, according to his books, the next one never is. Four billion five hundred million dollars appropriated by congress, and where are we going to get the money, he wants to know. Yes, and the largest number of civil employes on Uncle Sam’s pay roll since the war. nun Thousands on Pay Roll NEARLY 600,000 persons drawing pay from the federal treasurer, not including soldiers and sailors. It’s enough to make Henry Ford, or General Motors, turn green with envy. What is the use of any one trying to develop the biggest corporation on earth, with Uncle Sam in the race? First, he needs more than 300,000 to handle and distribute the mail. Then, he needs more than 53,000 to run the treasury, and more than 50,000 to take care of the navy’s clerical needs. After that, come 47,000 in the war department and 24,000 in the veterans’ bureau. nan Public Pays Many BESIDES the nearly 600,000 on Uncle Sam’s civil pay roll and the more than 200,000 in his military establishments, there are the employes of state, county, city, and town governments, not to mention school districts, water districts irrigation districts, and a multitude of other political subdivisions. Some statistical sharp has estimated that not fewer than one of every twenty adult Americans is on some public pay roll. If things keep on going as they have been during the last few years, we can turn Communist without a jar, because we’ll all be working for the government. Thirty years ago our fathers complained bitterly of the first fcilliondollar congress, but old Tom Reed consoled them by explaining, in his sarcastic drawl, that "this has become a billion-dollar country.” One hundred thirty years ago, when the government first moved to Washington, it employed only 120 clerks. The fact that we have gotten along without revolution does not mean that we have failed to make profound changes in our system. a tariff bill for many months our Republican congress has as last run entirely amuck, and is threatening to send to our Republican President for his signature, a tariff bill which is in direct violation of his wishes, which provides for agriculture protection which it does not really need but for industry the highest tariff rates that the country ever has known, and Whereas, we do not know just at, this time whether the bill will in our Republican congress, or Jp passed by it and transmitted Republican President for proval, or whether, if so, trd H ted, our Republican approve it nr veto it; Resolved, that, masmfp are not now able toJHBfI which way the tanff ftp*' to jump, and tnerefore at this time just what ■aijßgSlßfl say upon the subject. best and most exoedieC| us to do under surrounggj stances is to ignore together, and not sH whatsoever upon thatH HENRY U. ■ What is a fiscal yeaH It is the financial tional treasury, or of ara| the end of which the balanced. In the government the fiscal Ip June 30.