Indianapolis Times, Volume 42, Number 19, Indianapolis, Marion County, 2 June 1930 — Page 4

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The Roar Grows Thunderous Date lines on those received by President Hoover and members of congress in protest against the tariff bill proclaim a true story of adventure—the story of how American business has gone into far-away comers of the world to seek an outlet for the goods that could not be consumed at home. It takes courage to send forth the first missionary of progress to sell automobiles in the land of the Hottentots. It requires brains and energy to open new trails for a commodity to which strange peoples have not become adjusted. And it requires time, the most precious thing in the world, to do it. But General Motors, from whose representatives the cablegrams are pouring in, saw that its output was running ahead of its American market. It did the obvious thing. It opened new markets —markets that the tariff bill now threatens to destroy. And what General Motors did, thousands of other American manufacturers have done. They have established new trade lanes. Obstacles notwithstanding, they have created a demand for their surplus. Our total exports have risen to $5,241,000,000. Thus we have had prosperity in the United States. We haven’t so much prosperity now. We are going to have less if the tariff bill becomes a law. For, if that bill passes, other nations will erect barriers against American-made goods. If they do, factories which no longer can sell their products abroad will be forced to curtail their output at home. And that means men will be thrown out of jobs and the buying power of those men destroyed.

With the home consumption thus retarded, more men and still more men will become idle. Where it will end, nobody knows. It was because it understood all this that General Motors cabled to its representatives overseas, asking them to apprise the President and congress of their attitude toward the proposed high tariff. And now the replies are pouring in on Hoover and members of the senate and house—all protesting against the proposed new schedules. The cablegrams— They come from China—from China, to which America sends missionaries to teach civilization to the oldest civilization in the world—and seljs $124,000,000 worth of exports a year. They come from mysterious India, where the temple bells are ringing on the road to Mandalay; where a Gandhi, lowly and penniless, has inspired a multitude to proclaim: “We shall be free! —where $55,000,000 of our exports go. They come from Brazil, once the dumping ground, of slave seekers who herded their captives like cattle; where the wolf and the jackal slink through forests that yet have to know the ax of man; but whose cities and villages take $108,000,000 of our exports. From Australia, whose area already was dry land when vast tracts of Europe and Asia were yet submerged; where the Great Barrier Reef of coral is as defiant as a tariff wall; but where our manufacturers have sold our surplus products up to $150,000.000 a year. From Belgium, exposed to wars as far back as the days when Louis XIV coveted the Netherlands in behalf of his wife, the Infanta Maria Theresa. From France, to which Gold Star mothers from America have gone to bow their heads at the graves of loved ones who sleep among the poppies of Flanders field. From Germany, which lost its colonies and kaiser in the World war and gained a republic; from Egypt, land of the Pharaohs; from South Africa, where stinkwood and si.eezewood trees are grown, home of the Bushman and the Hottentot, land of savagery and culture, of the primitive and the progressive; from Poland, from Sweden, from Denmark, from Uruguay; from the Argentine—from over the world they come, these protests against destruction of our trade. Yes, there is romance in the date lines of those cables. But there is serious business in them, too. Generally the man who lives in Medicine Hat or Kokomo does not stop to think that the question of whether he b to have food and shelter depends much on what is done by the people of South Africa or Brazil or Australia. But it does. It does in these days of mass production, rapid communication, and transportation. For we, the people of the United States, no longer can be a thing apart from the rest of the world. Our machine age has forced industry to outgrow our own buying power. We must have an outlet for our surplus. We will not have an cutlet if the tariff bill passes. Our destiny is in the hands of congress and Hoover.

Tariff Politics -There should be tariff for all or tariff for none. Iwould be faithless to the people who send me to Washington if I did not try to protect the great basic industry of the state I represent when all other great industries are being protected. Lumber is to the state of Washington what corn is to lowa and cotton is to the south.” We reprint the above, from a letter by Senator Dill of Washington, because it reveals so clearly the dilemma of sincere and usually intelligent men in congress who find themselves drawn into the logrolling which produces a tariff monstrosity menacing national prosperity. Thus a senator such as Copeland of New York argues himself into supporting a wholesale tariff grab to get a small rakeoff for two or three manufacturing industries in his state. Across the continent is a state desiripg higher protection on citrus fruits and olives, so a progressive like Senator Johnson lines up with the Smoot-Grundy reactionaries. In the agricultural middle west the farmers demand tariff equality with already super-protected eastern industry, so Capper of Kansas and other farm senators are in danger of stooping to grab what they can with the very manufacturing lobbyists they condemn. . We can not question the moves of these senators, but we do indict their intelligence on the subject. Can't they see that this same justification of *TU get mine because the other fellow is getting his” is the resort of every scoundrel who milks the government or gouges the public? Cant they see that if forty-eight states gouge one another, each and all will be injured? Cant they see that the selfish interest of their own state as a whole outweighs the claim of the local group gaining from a few protected industries; that the profit of a few protected industries is small compared with the loss to industries which can not be protected effectively and the great loss to all the consumers in the state? “Cant they see that the prosperity of each state i3 bound up with national prosperity, which already

The Indianapolis Times (A SCRIPPS-HOWAHD NEWSPAPER) , Owned and publiahed daily (except Banda?) by Tbe Indianapolis Time* Publishing Cos. 214-220 West Maryland Street. Indianapolis, Ind. Price in Marian County. 2 cent* a copy: elsewhere. 8 cenia delivered by carrier. 12 cents a week. BOYD GURLEY. BOY W HOWARD. FRANK G. MORRISON. Editor President Business Manager ~ rHONE Riley 5551 MONDAY. JUNE 2. 1930. Member of Cnlted Pres*. Serlppa-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way ”

is being destroyed by foreign retaliation and export losses caused by the Grundy bill? Can’t they see that overproduction is the curse of the manufacturer, the worker and the farmer, and that unless each state can sell Its surplus abroad there will be lower profits and fewer jobs? Can’t Senator Dill see that his lumber tariff will not begin to compensate the people of Washington state when they come to pay their share of the billion-dollar Grundy increase? Can’t Senator Copeland see that his cement tariff for a few will not begin to compensate the industries and people of New York state when they come to pay their share of the billion-dollar Grundy increase?Can’t Senator Johnson see that his lemon and olive tariff will not begin to compensate the people of California when they come to pay their share of the bil-lion-dollar Grundy increase? Can’t Senator Capper see that his slight and ineffective increases on live stock are a drop in the bucket compared with the larger increases on all the farmer must buy? Perhaps these senators, and others like them, are 'beginning to see. Perhaps, before it is too late, they have discovered that their pet rates would cost too much. At least that seems to be the conclusion of Senator Dill. His letter ends on the somewhat paradoxical note that it Is the duty of a senator “to fight for equality of protection for the basic industry cf the state I represent,” and at the same time fight against the bill as a bill because of his opposition t<? the principles upon which it is written.

Angell’s Forebodings “Tendencies which unchecked and uncorrected are not less grave in the perils they foreshadow than those which plunged the nation into civil war.” Such is the picture of the United States drawn by President Angell of Yale university. He charges the American people with a “sordid and vulgar” rfiaterialism and money worship and with “chauvinistic nationalism.” We confess that we like Dr. Angell’s blast more than some of the Memorial day addresses we have read. A capacity for courageous self-criticism is the prime requisite of progress. A little more soul-search-ing and a good deal less boasting will do America no harm. Even so, we find this pedagog’s aim somewhat wide of the mark. Materialism and money worship are relative. Most Americans never achieve financial security. Os course much of their lives are centered on money making. But, unless our observation is completely at fault, the sordid materialism so typical of the European peasant and ci y worker is not common here. Indeed, Americans generally are the most wasteful and prodigal people on earth. There is more truth in Dr. Angell’s charge of chauvinistic nationalism. It is not, however, the positive danger which he diagnoses; rather a negative thing. American opposition to international organization is largely a matter of geography. Internationalmlndedness receded with the distance from Europe. That is natural; it is not vicious. American unwillingness to meddle in other nations’ quarrels is a virtue—and the exact opposite of the trait of chauvinistic nationalism which the professor sees in us. To be sure, post-war America has become the world’s most far-reaching economic empire and the day of an isolationist foreign policy is past. But isn’t it expecting too much for the rank and file of people, busy with their own affairs, to discover America’s new world position so quickly? Give them time! The 'people are not as dumb as the leaders think. In foreign tffair- today they probably are more intelligent than their leaders. Take two recent tests. It was public opinion which forced through the Kellogg anti-war pact—when the administration and senate were decidedly cool toward the proposition. It is public opinion today that is hammering jgainst an administration and a congress which seem determined to pass a billion-dollar tariff law destroying more American prosperity and international good will thpn anything since the war,

REASON By F = CK

OVER a century ago, the boyish Lincoln lay on a cabin floor down in southern Indiana, reading by the flickering fireplace light the life of Washington, Little did he dream that some day his letters would be more highly valued than those of the Father of his Country. a a a Yet at a recent auction of manuscripts in Chicago Lincoln’s letters brought almost twice as much as Washington’s, SSBO being paid so * one by the former, while S3OO was the highest price paid for one by the latter. tt tt a ' | ''HIS disparity in price b the more remarkable be- -*• because the Lincoln letter was written in 1849, when its author was an obscure citizen, while the Washington letter was written white its author was holding his ragged Continentals together during that terrible winter at Valley Forge. tt a tt The cause of this is the constantly growing fame of the Emancipator and the rapidity of this growth in recent years is shown by. the fact that ten years ego a letter writen by him was offered fo r sale at Springfield. Hi., for SIOO. We didn’t buy it for a very good reason. a a a The greatest Lincoln relic we ever saw was owned by Jesse W. Weik of Greencastle, who in connection with William Herndon, Lincoln's former law partner, wrote a life of the rail splitter, and we’ve often wondered where this relic is now. a a a IT is the small campaign handbook which Lincoln used in his fight with Stephen A. Douglas the year of their great joint debates. It is filled with pasted clippings and Lincoln’s comments thereon, together with questions which he wrote down to ask Douglas. This document would be worth a fortune today. a a a If an ordinary Lincoln letter be.worth SSBO, think what the collectors would pay for that most picturesque implement of Lincoln’s early education; think what they would pay for the old wooden fire shovel upon which he used to write the lines which he wished to commit to memory. What a jar it must be to the sensibilities of Lincoln's father, who was opposed to his son’s efforts to educate himself, if from some pigeonhole of the universe he now sees that son’s written lines selling at radium prices! a a a And how our immortal himself must regret, if he knows about it, that he could not have cashed in a little of this popularity during those lean days when he was glad to work around for the neighbors for 35 cents a day! ... - • .*■ •-

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SCIENCE —BY DAVID DlfiTZ

Mars, Now a Morning Star, Always Has Been a Planet of Great Interest to Earth Divetlers. ONE who stays up very late, indeed, or rises quite early may catch a glimpse of the planet Mars during June. Mars is now a “morning star,” rising or coining up over the eastern horizon about three hours ahead of the sun. You may see Mars in the eastern sky, therefore, approximately between 2 a. m. and 4 a. m. The planet Mars always has interested mankind. Because of its color and brightness and its movement amongst the stars, it must have been noticed and remarked upon by prehistoric man. References to are to be found in the earliest records of civilization. It is easy to see why the Romans named it after their god of war, for the reddish hue of the planet is quite warlike. The lurid tint of the planet is in marked contrast to the whiteness of Venus and Jupiter, the two planets now visible in the western sky just after sunset. The intensity and color of Mars varies with its position with reference to the sun and the earth. When Mars is closest to the earth, it is brighter than a first magnitude star and glows with a very red color. In ancient days, Mars was regarded with superstitious fear at such times as a portent of war.

Figures MARS is the next planet in order after the earth, going outward from the sun. The order is Mercury, Venus, our own earth and then Mars. . Mars is a little more than one and a half times the distance from the sun that the earth is. Its average distance is 141,500,000. (The earth is 93,000,000 miles from the sun.) Due to the fact that both the earth and Mars are moving around the sun in orbits, the distance between the two planets depends upon where they are in their orbits. Further variations are also introduced in the distance by the fact that both orbits exhibit a certain amount of flattening or eccentricity. When the earth and Mars are at their closest, they are separated by 34,600,000 miles. It is then that Mars appears its brightest in the heavens. v When farthest apart, the two planets are separated by 234,400,000 miles. Mars takes longer to go around the sun than does the earth. A Martian year is equal to 687 of our days. Mars has a diameter equal to a little more than half that of the earth. The diameter is 4,215 miles. Astronomers feel certain that this figure is correct to a margin of ten miles. The markings on the surface of the planet make it possible to observe the rotation period of Mars with great exactness. The planet rotates upon its axis in 24 hours 37 minutes 22.58 seconds. 000 Canals EVEN a small telescope will reveal that the disc of Mars, is broken up into markings of various shades. A large telescope reveals markings which are permanent. But while these markings can be seen from year to year, they undergo seasonal changes, appearing differently in what would be the Martian winter from what they do in the Martian summer. The disc of the planet is in general a sort of ruddy or orange color. About three-eighths of the surface, however, is covered by the so-called darker regions which range from bluish gray to greenish in color. The poles of the planets are marked with brilliant white polar caps. The reddish areas do not change with the seasons and are thought to be bare rock. The polar caps grow larger or smaller with seasons and for that reason are thought to be caps of ice, melting with warm weather and spreading with cold weather. In addition to the large markings just described, some astronomers belive that there is a network of finer markings on Mars, the so-called canals. < These were described for the first time in 1877 by Schiaparelli. Today, eminent observers are divided. Some insist that they can make out a complete canal system on the planet. Others say they can see only some fuzzy markings of no systematic nature. Prof. Henry Norris Russell sums up the situation as follows: “At the present time it is generally recognized that there exists an objective basis for the canals in the form of fine details on the surface of Mars and it is believed widely that these details have, in a general way the streaky characters of the canals; but the existence of a geometrical network is doubted or denied by a large majority of astronomers.”

q&w Wel/Thybu *JCnow‘)6urßible? FIVE QUESTIONS A DAYON FAMILIAR PASSAGEB

1. What two political foes became friends during the trial of Jesus? 2. Where did Paul speak in Athens? 3. What woman cut off Samson’s long hair and thus destroyed his strength? 4. “Thy love to me was wonderful, passing the love of women.” Who said it, and of whom? 5. For what price did Judas betray Jesus? Answers to Saturday’s Queries 1. Eve; Jonathan; Marcha; Naomi; Priscilla. 2. In connection with Elijah’s contest on Mt. Carmel, when the rain for which he had prayed finally came; I Kings 13:44. 3. Herod .Antipas) Luke 13:31-32. 4. Absolom; II Samuel 15:1-14. 5. The psxable of Lazarus the rich mah; Luke 16: 19-31. DAILY THOUGHT Blessed are they that do his commandments.—Revelation 22:14. a a a Blessedness is a whole eternity older than damnation.— Richter.

Remember What Happened to Troy!

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DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Ear Infection Easy to Get in Pools

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of. Hygeia, the Health Magazine. THE coming of warmer weather means for the physician an increasing number of infected ears due to carelessness in swimming and bathing. British authorities group patients according to two types—those who have infected noses and those subject to recurrent infections in the ear. The swimmer must breathe correctly if he is to be secure against an involuntary rush of water into the nose. People with chronically infected noses or with ear drums that have permanent perforations because of infection should avoid bathing in public swimming pools. The American investigators have

Here Are Some Puzzlers and Their Answers

Which state has the largest area? Texas, has 265,896 square miles. Is Al Jolson colored? He is white. What is coke? Coal from which the volatile constituents have been removed by heating in ovens or retorts. Can yon suggest some Chinese names for a Chow dog? May Jong; Ting Ling; Fu Chow; Fing Ling; Chow Mein. What do the names William and Eleanor mean? William (Teutonic) “defending many;” Eleanor (Greek) “fruitful.” Who was the father of William H. Taft? Did he hold any political office? Alphonso O. Taft was the father of Taft and he was attorney-gen-eral in President Grant’s cabinet (1876-1877); minister to Austria, (1882-4), and minister to Russia, (1884-5). How did Lord Carnarvon die? He died in 1923, from the effects of a mosquito bite, received while working at the tomb of Tut-Ankh-Amen. Where was Theda Bara bom and did she ever play on the ligitimate stage? She was bom in Egypt, near Cairo, July 20, 1890, and studied painting under her father, wrote stories under the tutelage of a relative, and eventually adopted her mother’s profession as an actress and disappeared in classic drama in England when she was 14 years old. At 16 she joined her mother in support of Jane Hading, a French tragedienne. Can a person who wears glasses become a forest ranger in the United States service? Yes, provided his medical certificate shows a vision of at least 20-50 in one eye and 20-100 in the other, according to the Sneelen test. At what speed was Frank Lockhart traveling in his Stutz Black - hawk Special, when he was killed at Daytona Beach, in February, 1926? The speed was never definitely determined, but various estimates placed it at 200 to 240 miles an hour. What are the two fastest trains in the United States? The Twentieth Century Limited of the New York Central, which

WALL ST. HUMAN, AVERS CHIC SALE Things are gittin’ along mighty, mighty pretty in Wall Street, and here’s why: Those big captains of finance are playin’ checkers on the floor of the Stock Exchange. It’s a fact. When they git tired of takin’ a row of ten or twelve Aggers and switchin’ the decimal point in t’.:em from place to place accordin’ to fancy, they git out checker boards and have a game fer relaxation. There sits a feller named Morgan opposite one named Rockefeller. Jest as Morgan gits Rockefeller's last two kings hemmed up in a double comer, a clerk says to him: “Mr. Morgan, what’ll we do about such and such a stock?” Morgan is happy, so he says: “Go ahead and do anything to help the widows and orphans.” And there’s Rockefeller. He’s jest lost the game. But he starts puttin’ his men out again and starts thinkin’ he’s goin to win this time, so money don’t look important. He turns to his secretary and says: “Tell the boys at the fillin’ stations to stop drainin’ the • * A . hose back in the pump and let Qjtuo. \S aJ*. it all run in the car.” * icopyri*ht John f. dui* co.)

found that swimmers frequently affected with infection of the nose and ears are the beginners, the expert divers, and the polo players. Beginners get more water into their noses than they should; the expert divers and polo players are under the water so much that they overtax the ability of the system to take care of the extra demand. An investigation revealed the fact that infection of the sinuses and of the ears occurred in about 20 per cent of those doing plain swimming and in about 50 per cent of divers and polo players. One observer reported that out of ten expert divers, eight had some form of infection of the sinuses or the ear. Most public swimming pools in America provide for the use of chlorine in the water, for regular

runs from New York to Chicago, a distance of 960 miles at 48.0 miles per hour and the Pennsylvania railroad train from Camden to Atlantic City, a distance of 59.7 miles in 58 minutes or 61.7 miles per hour. Can sound travel in a vacuum? Sound can not travel in a vacuum because in the absence of air there is no conductor of sound. Will an object weigh more at the north or south pole than at the equator? Yes. How much of the world’s area is fertile and how much is desert? The latest estimates of the earth’s area place the fertile regions at 33,000,000 square miles; steppes (forestless plains) at 19,000,000 square miles, and deserts at 5,000,000 square miles. Who was the heroine in the motion picture, “Twelve Miles Out?” Joan Crawford. What is the greatest distance across the United States east to west? 2,807 miles. What color eyes and hair has Nils Asther? Was he a motion picture actor in Germany? Nils Asther was bom in Malmo, Sweden, Jan. 17, 1902. He is 6 feet tall, weighs 170 pounds and has dark brown hair and hazel eyes. He worked in German pictures before coming to this country. How many Negro enlisted men were killed in the United States Service during the World war? Deaths in battle numbered 747. When did the first husband of Nellie Grant, daughter of President Grant, die? Who was her second husband? She married Algernon Sartoris of London, England, in 1874, and he died in 1912. The widow married Frank M. Jones, who was first assistant postmaster-general under President Cleveland. How old is Alice White, and how long has she been in the movies? She is 22 years old, and has been a film actress since 1926. Why did Steve Brodie jump from the Brooklyn bridge? He was very much in need of funds at the time, and notified some newspaper men in New York that he was going to take the leap, which he did on July 22, 1886. He had first insured his life for $2,000. No harm resulted, and immediately after the event he signed up with Morris &

draining, and for the removal of sediment and infectious material. Under these circumstances the swimmer is not likely to be infected, unless he comes in contact with a heavy dose of infection from some person who should not be using the pool. It is important to realize that there are few cases of infection from swimming in the ocean or from swimming in rivers or lakes where people are few. In crowded bathin* beaches where there is hardly room to move the arms, people constantly are exposed to the excretions and secretions of their neighbors. Indeed, civilization and the overcrowding of human beings bears the brunt of responsibility for infection of the respiratory tract.

Coleman for museum work at $250 a week for ten weeks. Thereafter he made several leaps, which brought him large sums of money. Others had tried the Brooklyn bridge leap and had been killed. What Is the derivation of the family name Oathout? It is a German family name meaning rich inheritance. What is the estimated wealth of Mexico? $6,757,000,000. When did the Sharkey- Stribling fight at Miami, Fla., occur? Feb. 27, 1929. What is the import duty on field glasses, optical instruments and photographic cameras in the United States? On field glasses and other optical instruments the duty is 45 per cent ad valorem, and on photographic cameras it is 20 per cent ad valorem. When did Marie Corelli die? April 21, 1924. Did Mickey Cochrane, the catcher of the Philadelphia Athletics, go to college? He attended Boston university four years. Is there a federal pension to former southern slaves? NO. How tall is Victor McLaglen? Six feet three inches. In what book in the Bible, is the verse beginning “I raise thee under the apple tree?” Songs of Solomon 8:5. The complete verse is: “I raise thee up under the apple tree; there thy mother brought thee forth; there she brought thee forth taat bare thee.”

Where do the stars go in the day time? They do not go anywhere in the day time; they are still In the heavens, just as at night, but the bright light of the sun makes it impossible for us to se them. Was slavery permitted in the District of Colombia before the Civil war? Slaves were owned in the District of Columbia before the war. Does the ostrich bury his head in the sand for protection? It buries its head for the purpose of obtaining water which is near the surface. What percentage of the population of Massachusetts is Roman Catholic? The 1928 estimated population of Massachusetts is 4,290,000. There were 1,410,208 Roman Catholics in Massachusetts in the 1916 Census of Religious Bodies. What is the life span of a mosquito? It varies from one to six or seven months, depending entirely upon conditions. Does the President of the United States have to pay for the servants and caretakers of the White House? The White House, with its retinue of about sixty servants, guards and caretakers, is provided at government expense. The President pays his personal servants, for the food consumed, and other personal living expenses. What is the population of Philadelphia? The 1928 estimated population was 2,064,200.

M. E. ®fcy SAYS:

We Rebel at the Idea of Bcing Dependent on Other Nations, Much Less of Admitting They Can Produce Superior Articles. ONE young man gets his name in the papers by going through the Niagara whirlpool and lower rapids in a steel barrel. What does he prove, except that we have learned how to make good steel barrels, which already had been proved In a thousand more sensible ways? Another young man gets his name in the papers by shouting “whoopee!" and throwing a lighted cigar at those assembled to see him die, as fie was being strapped into the electric chair. That young man was born a thousand years too late, or 10,000 miles from the right place. As an old-time caveman, or even a present-day headhunter, he might become a hero. An Indian maid gets her name in the papers by forsaking the tribe to which she belonged, learning how to keep house the way white women do, writing essays about it, and getting a government job which pays SI,OBO a year. That is more money ’.han her sisters, cousins and aunts ever saw, and the government hopes it will inspire some of them to do likewise. Maybe it will, but tribal law is a powerful deterrent. 000 Slaves of Tribal Law EVEN the best of us are slaves to tribal law. Here is a great Parisian journal scolding the French ambassador because he comes home, not only with two American cars in his possession, but sounding the praises of American cars in general. “It is not the business of an ambassador to go about saying nasty things about the nation which he is accredited,” says the Great Parisian journal, “but is it entirely necessary for him to bring along American merchandise, and, as it were, make himself publicly a salesman for it? And that, too, at a moment when the Americans are not particularly kind toward us?” 000 We Feel Superior MUCH of our so-called patriotism and many of our so-called economic theories have no better foundation in fact than tribal law. Much of the bragging we do about home-made goods and most of the pains we take to keep out foreignmade goods, though justified as essential to prosperity, improved living conditions, and so on, really originate in the traditional fancy that we are better than other people. We rebel at the idea of being dependent on other people and much less will admit that they can produce superior articles. That, however, is where civilization has brought us. The last war proved that nd great disturbance could occur without involving civilization. The present slump in trade is proving the same thing with regard to peace.

Events Reach Far WHEN business became bad after the crash on Wall Street last fall, we ■'ssumed that It was only America that suffered. When Europe began to make such ! financial readjustments as were ! necessary to inauguration of the ; Young plan, we assumed that outsiders would not be affected. Now we learn that both events had repercussions the world over, that there has been a general slump in trade, and a general disposition to wait until the Young plan went into effect. To cite only two instances, Argentinian exports fell off nearly one-third during the first four months of the year, while traffic through the Panama canal in April showed a decrease of 260,000 tons from that of the same month in 1929. 000 The Case of Nitrate SOME of the slump in traffic through the Panama canal can be traced to a decreased market for Chilean nitrate, which gradually has been brought about by fixation of nitrogen through Just such gigantic plants as were planned by the government at Muscle Shoals. The public has not heard much about those plants or what they are doing, but one of them—an American epneern formed by the combination of four chemical companies—has accomplished enough to be out of debt, own $92,000,000 worth of United States government bonds and other securities, have a depreciation fund of $110,000,000, and current assets of $157,000,000. If a private enterprise can do as well as that through the fixation of nitrogen in a few years, why aren’t the American people warranted in spending $100,000,000 or so to complete the plant they have started at Muscle Shoals?

Hr qqANTjp' thcMl FIRST WHITE HOUSE WEDDING June 2. ON June 2 1886, the first wedding in the White House took place when President Grover Cleveland married Miss Frances Folsom of Buffalo, the daughter of his former law partner. She was 22 and he 48. A writer describes the event as follows: “Frances did not promise to ‘obey,’ but simply ‘to love, honor, comfort and keep.’ The bride’s veil was nearly six feet long. It was not a ‘big* wedding. The guests were few. Both Frances and her husband were opposed to a showy ceremony of international proportions. “Frances and the President spent their honeymoon at Deer Park, M<L, with the field glasses of reporters trained upon them. So closely were they hounded .... that the President later was moved to refer to the ‘colossal impertinence’ of the press.” Frances Cleveland had five children, the second of whom was bom at the White House in 1893 during the President’s second administration. She was not only the first President’s wife to become a mother there, but was also the youngest mistress of the executive mansion. After Cleveland’s death she married Thomas J. Preston Jr., professor of archeology at Princeton.