Indianapolis Times, Volume 41, Number 301, Indianapolis, Marion County, 28 April 1930 — Page 4

PAGE 4

t rg l p B j - H Otv *Mt>

Partisan Judges If the crime commission named by Governor Leslie succeeds only in obtaining nonpartisan and separate election of judges it will have justified its existence. The present campaign in this county should convince every good citizen that much >f the criticism of courts and their operation comes from the system under which judges are chosen. The active campaigning of judges for .ominations, the indulgence in actions which Mould bring contempt and not votes, the ecessity, apparently, of becoming backolapping ward heelers and “good fellows .ith ward leaders, adds nothing to the conlence of citizens that such campaigners will ,'ve justice if elected The effort of political parties to elect heir candidates without reference to character or fitness suggests that the judges are valuable to political organizations. They can be valuable in but one way. That is by twisting the law. The intrusion of partisan influences into the criminal courts is especially vicious. Thi is one spot where party obligations should end. There is a sadly decreasing respect for law and an increasing loss of fear of law. The impression that courts are political ma. have something to with this. Partisan justice means no justice. Partisan judges mean biased judges. Partisan courts dispense anarchy, not law. Every’ member of the legislature, without regard to party, should be pledged to make this change in the judicial system. A Billion a Year? One of the most important bills considered by congress during the present session passed the house last week almost without public notice. This is the bill to extend additional relief to veterans of the World war and their dependents. As originally reported, the measure would have extended the presumptive cause of the World war veterans' act for all disabilities to Jan 1. 1925. Any disability incurred by a veteran prior to that date would be presumed to have been received during the war and the veteran would be entitled to compensation and hospitalization. On the floor of the house, however, the date was extended from 1925 to 1930 and a number of other important amendments were made. One of these would deny the veterans’ bureau the right to offer evidence to disprove the claims of a veteran. Another would eliminate the clause in the law dealing with social diseas<=r. and another would prohibit the veterans’ bureau from removing from its compensation rolls any veteran who has had a “service-connected” disability for five years, even though the man might be recovered fully. In offering a motion to recommit the bill to the committee for redrafting. Representative Royal Johnson of South Dakota, author of the original measure, said: “This bill as it is amended provides a straight pension of as much, in some cases, as $265 a month for men who did not enlist until three years after the war and received their disability in 1929.” Chairman Wood of the appropriations committee predicted that if the bill finally Is enacted “We shall within two years be expending at the rate of 51.000.000.000 a year through the veterans’ bureau." The American people want to see that men disabled m service during the war. and their dependents, the widows and orphans, are provided for adequately. The bill new is before the senate, where it should be thoroughly studied and so amended as to provide necessary relief without overburdening the treasury or irousing public resentment. If tills is not done, the measure is likely to be vetoed by the President, and many veterans will be denied the aid they desperately need. Jailers to the Bitter End Individuals may be blamed for the appalling loss of life in the Ohio penitentiary fire. But the real culprit was habit—a firm and vicious habit of mind *’jJ induct which has characterized our prison officials since prisons came into general use a century % ago. The habit is one which has fixed the eyes of wardens and guards on locks instead of lives. The warden and his subordinates are commissioned :o be jailers. Their reputation, jobs and promotion depend solely upon their being effective jailers. It is o part of their official business to watch the effect oi rison life on their convict wards. It is not their task o look into the reason why these men came to prison, heir only responsibility is to see that the convicts i not get out of their cages until paroled, discharged. • pardoned The good warden and good guards are. in the eye public opinion and the state administration, those to prevent any escapes. The convict inmates may brutalized and degraded. This cuts no ice. Injmanity inside a prison is of little importance, short some public scandal. A head may be broken, bu: ver a lock. These are the ideas society has forced i prison officials. Therefor'.', it is not surprising that prison autho: ,es develop what may be called a “lock psychosis, umbering counting, checking and locking constitute he routine of their lives. All their mental habits reolve around this ambition to keep their prisoner ;curely locked up and accounted for. Considerations of reformation and humanity evap rate in the face of this all-encompassing anxiety bout safety in jailing the delinquent wards of thr ate. Then a nre comes along and makes a demand so: sudden reversal of all this locking and counting outine and calls for independence and resourcefuless. The faithful jailers are paralyzed. It is like suddenly asking a vegetarian to gorge unwell on a juicy steak or expecting a hen to jump pto * pool of water with enthusiasm. It was no wonder that the prisoners showed far greater nality and ingenuity when put to the test in the fire A locking crew makes a poor rescue party. B Captain Hall and Guard Watkinson were ■taipp/yl temporarily at of unlocking the I

The Indianapolis Times A eC UIfTS-HOH AKI) NEWCPAPEKi ,ntd and piibliebed daily 'except Sonday) by Tbe Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos. 214-'-’2" We*t Maryland Street, ludlunapoll*. Ind Price 1n Marlon County. •i rente a copy, elsewhere, ?■ wnn delleered by carrier, 12 centa a week. BOy7> GURLEY rot W. HOWARD. FRANK G. MORRISON. Editor President Business Manager PHONE—RHey 5881 MONDAY, APRIL 28, 1930 Member of United Prexs, Serlppg-Howard Newspaper Atllance, Newspaper Enterprise Aeso elation. Newspaper Information Sere I <-e and Audit Bureau of Circulations. "Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way”

cells and allowing the prisoners to escape from their blazing deathhouse, one should not regard them as fiends who wanted to see human beings burned. They and the prisoners merely were paying the penalty for wrong-headed attitudes and stupid habits which’could not be thrown off in an emergency. Once we have a system installed where prison authorities begin to concentrate their attention on he effect of prison life on convicts, we shall solve not only the incidental problem of fire risk —we shall be on our way toward dealing intelligently with the underlying problem of the reformation of criminals and ’he protection of society. Advice to Lovers Lovers planning marriage should think twice. The nice of home-making probably is going up. Now that the business depression is admitted officially, a solution is being offered. Building Is to do he trick—more construction and then some more. That will provide jobs for the unemployed. And it will revive the dftzens of industries furnishing materials for building. And as its special contribution to ending hard imes by starting a building boom, congress is about •o make the country a present of its billion-dollar—-hat’s right, one thousand million dollars—Grundy tariff bill. If there is anything used in building that is not boosted in price by that bill, it has not been disovered in this free-for-all tariff grab. The nation's lumber bill will go up $50,000,000 a year; brick, $12,500,000; plate glass, $15,000,000; cement, $108,000,000. We got into a depression when all those materials, except plate glass, were on the free list. If people think prices are too high to build now, what will they do when they are crushed under that extra tariff load? Grundy and his helpers haven't left out anything ou can think of. They have started their increases with the foundation of the house and gone through the ceiling to the “oof, inside and outside—stone, wall board, plumbing fixtures, tiles, drain pipe, hardware, roofing materials, paints. Any young couple reconciled to giving up the home they hoped to build, ana planning simply on furnishing a rented apartment, have another disappointment ahead. Grundy’s bill taxes virtually all house furnishings, from kitchen utensils and dining room ware to bath fixtures and the things which make a living room livable. What do congressmen care? Most of them already have houses; well furnished, too. And they are not. "cung. They are” not saving pennies to get married. So congress may vote the billion-dollar boost in the cost of living. Congress will vote on the tariff in May. The people will vote on congress in November. Captain L. M. Woolson With only a ripple of public attention, one of the four or five most important aviation men in the world has passed to his death. When the word came over the wire that Capt. L. M. Woolson of Detroit had been killed in an airplane crash in New York, probably not one person in a hundred had any idea who he was. Yet he was more important to aviation than all the ocean fliers, with the possible exception of Lindbergh, put together. He was the man who designed and perfected the Packard-Diesel airplane motor. He knew more, probably, than any one else in the world about it, and this motor is aviation's most revolutionary and most needed development since the Wright brothers first flew. It is the key to cheaper and safer flying. Like most engineers, Woolson's work was not spectacular and his fame lay only inside the aviation industry’ which followed his career. Fortunately for .he world. Woolson lived until he had perfected the Diesel to a point sufficiently practical for actual use in airplanes. Add victims of this machine age: The three Chicago bandits who. when confronted by the evidence ; of a “lie detector.” confessed their crimes.

REASON

THE high school commencement is the most American event in America. When our forefathers embarked on this political experiment, which asserted that all men are created •qual and that all governmental powers come from the governed, instead of from the clouds, it became necessary to educate the rank and file. B B B Education was a passion with the builders of the ■public. Washington set aside money in his will for iie erection of a national university; Benjamin rankiin brought into existence the University of ’ennsylvania, while Thomas Jefferson was more iroud of the face that he was the father of the 'niversity ot Virginia than that he had been Presi:nt of the United States. B B B WHILE this elaborate public school system has been created, not as a personal favor to the oys and girls, but as a means of providing enough eneral intelligence to float the republic, little or no nphasis has been laid on this fact and children pass rom the first grade to the last without having it rilled into them that they are to take an interest in ovemment. B B B For the public good we should hold up to pupils n the high school the failures, as well as the successes of government, stirring some degree of concern or decent administration, for there is no other escape om that notoriously weak and sordid local governent which is our outstanding failure. B B B \ ND so: their own good, the graduates should be \ urged to continue their reading as long as they ve. the reading of good literature. Too many are likely to regard their diplomas as okens of emancipation from mental exertion and to elcome the future as an opportunity for uninterupted stagnation sun One hour s good reading a day. if no more can be jared. will keep the cobwebs from one's cranium, hile two hours of it will keep one on his intellectual oes and by the time the reader is 40 he can have a -3ckground that will distinctly set him aside from the rowd. It's all a habit studiotisness as well as indolence. BUB Lincoln read all his life, never taking a trip of my length without a bock, and by'this habit he repaired -he defects of early education and he had a long way to go, since all his schooling put together did not amount to one term. This hat it lifted him into a realm where he could see and think and speak lor tbe millions.

Rv FREDERICK LANDIS

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy oAYS;

Bloomfield, Neb., Proves That Stores Can Prosper Without Allotting Credit, and the Customers Like It. SOME time ago. Attorney George S. Wright of Council Bluffs, la., j prosperous, 62, and unwed, said that ! “women are like whisky.” Since then he has received 173 ; offers of marriage, with photo--1 graphs, biographical sketches, and other descriptive material to back \ them up. What puzzles this writer, and pos- | sibly Mr. Wright, is whether the 173 ; applicants for his hand wanted to 1 prove that they are, or are not, like I whisky. BUM By and large, the world selects Jts heroes from among those who die. or risk death, in battle, but, as Milton says, “those also serve who only stand and wait.” This is especially true, if they stand at the end of a hoe handle, and wait for the “oats, peas, beans and barley” to grow, as the French government admits in granting the red ribbon of the Legion of Honor to Joseph Zaleski. a 103-year-old farmer of Migneville. This venerable peasant not only has tilled the soil for more than four-fifths of a century, but still works at it. The French government is right in rating his work and example as equal to those of the bravest soldier. As Sam Houston said, “civilization began with the plow," and it will end with the plow.” B B B They Like to Pay Cash THE people of Bloomfield, Neb., have adopted the cash system. Not only that, but they like it, which is interesting, if not” important. First, it proves the thing can be done. Second, it proves that the thing can be done without destroying local trade. When the merchants of Bloomfield decided to demand cash and let the credit go in 1928, they naturally were worried as to the result. Like most, other merchants, they feared their customers would go elsew’here for the sake of credit, but the hard time they w T ere having with collections left them little choice in the matter. B B B Safety Moves Needed DEATHS by accident in the United States reached the staggering total of 97.000 last year. Those attributable to the automobile increased by 3.000 over the preceding year, while those attributable to all j other causes decreased by 2,000. It is appalling to learn that 31,000 persons died within twelve months because of the automobile, but it is even more appalling to learn that 23,000 died in their home—9,ooo by falling. We seem to hare been far more successful in combating disease than in preventing those injuries and fatalities which go with ordinary, everyday life. One reason is that we pay more attention to it. If a man has smallpox, we quarantine him and his w’hole family; if an epidemic is threatened, we grant the board of health dictatorial powers, just to cite two outstanding examples of the way we preserve health. When we do as much, or even half as milch, to promote safety, we will get somewhere. BUB The Censor Rules IN some respects, safety appears to be regarded as of less consequence than censorship. Many an auto driver has run down and killed a human being without being compelled to do more by way of atonement than turn the case over to an insurance company. Some have avoided even that minor discomfort merely by running aw r ay. But a Boston bookseller recently was fined SSOO for handling “Lady Chatterly’s Lovers," while Timothy P. Murphy. New York, patron of art, spent a night in jail for having seven Rembrandt nudes in his possession. Murphy has brought suit against John S. Sumner, active heaci of the New York Society for the Prevention of Vice, who caused his arrest, in the sum of SIOO,OOO, and a lot of people hope that he gets enough of it to discourage such kind of med-, dling in the future.

-tT a O AV -1 SjTTHeH

MONROE’S BIRTH —April 28— ON April 28, 1758, James Monroe. fifth President of the United States, was bom in Westmoreland comity, Virginia. He was sent to William mid Mary college, but left it at the outbreak of the Revolutionary war to join Virginia" troops in New York. Sent back to Virginia to raise anew regiment, Monroe made the acquaintance of Thomas Jefferson, then Governor of Virginia. This contact had a decisive influence on Monroe's career, for, at the age of 25 he entered congress as a delegate from his native state. After serving three successive terms, he was sent to France as minister. He was recalled after two years for making an address which accentuated the strained reations between France and the United States. In 1816, after he had served as Governor of Virginia, Monroe was elected President of the United States by the Republicans, now the Democratic, party. His most noteworthy acts included the recognition of the independence of Mexico and of the South American republics and the promulgation of what was called ;lie “Monroe Doctrine.” The period of his administration is known as the “era of good feeling” because of the general prosperity and absence of party strife.

Increasing Milk Flow Often Peril

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editof Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. PHYSICIANS have been interested for years in the possibility of developing some substance that would increase the flow of milk in the mother after the birth of the child. Again and,again various methods have been developed and it has been urged that they would accomplish this purpose, but repeatedly these methods seemed •to have failed. It is believed that, the best method of securing this result is to put the infant to suckling as soon as possible, and that the best stimulus to an increased flow of milk is the es-

IT SEEMS TO ME

17DWIN MARKHAM was 78 last week and they gave a party for him. All Staten Island turned out to do honor to the poet who wrote “The Man With the Hoe.” And this is as it should be. Markham is a fine pod and a grand old gentleman. Unlike the figure in the poem who was “bowed by the weight of centuries,” Markham carries his head and shoulders high. This bard still is burning. But though I was all for the celebration, I couldn’t help feeling a little envious. Edwin Markham used to be a newspaper man. Indeed, “The Man With the Hoe” first saw light in a San Francisco paper in 1899. It created such a sensation that the author became a national figure. He was able to turn straight and quit the business of reporting. And this gets me down to my own personal worry. Journalists do not grow old gracefully. Nobody gets up parties for them in their 78th year—which they seldom attain. There is something of endearment in such terms as “veteran actor,” “venerable clergyman.” “aged bard,” but the phrase, “old newspaper man,” has in it a tin~e of contempt. BUM T wice-Toid Tales T'HE whole implication is of a certain seediness and slackness. The adjective “tiresome” lurks just around the corner. The rules about newspaper -writing are too severe. Particularly in the case of columnists. Nobody ever held it against Booth that he played Hamlet many times, and when a preacher plucks a sermon out from the bottom of the barrel, the congregation listens with the same attention as to a brandnew discourse. Billy Sunday has quips which are

Vow WeJ/'Doyou < ]Cnow c )/6ur7}/ble? FIVE QUESTIONS A DAV ON FAMILIAR PASSAGES

1. Who said, “Thou art the man,” and to whom did he say it? 2. What general sacrificed his daughter to fulfill a vow? 3. What is a well-known Bible reference to a pearl? 4. Who was David’s great friend? 5. Complete the proverb: “A wise son maketh Did marriages and divorces increase in the United States in 1928 over the previous year? There were 195.939 divorces in the United States in 1928. an increase of 3.902 over the previous year; and 1,182.497 marriages, a decrease of 18,556.

The Barricade

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE

fort the child makes to get its norma] supply. It is also urged that the mother take a plentiful supply of fluids, particularly, however, of milk and milk products. As may well be imagined, the point is one which has interested the dairy industry as much as it has the medical profession. Farmers constantly are beeseeched to buy all sorts of patent preparations for increasing the flow of the milk of the cows. When a cow is not giving the proper amount of milk, it probably is due to the fact that the digestion is bad. that the cow suffers with some disease, or is not receiving the proper foods. Recently the department of ag-

HEYWOOD BROUN

a regular part of his routine. He l has saved thousands of souls with | twice-told tales. Even in college, ! where high ethics are supposed to | prevail, it is not unknown for a professor to keep a favorite joke on ! hand and spring it year after year on each successive freshman class. But let a columnist revive an old cne (even though it happens to be his own ) and he will find himself j assailed by people who retain memories or keep clippings, or both. ; Is there any justice in this? There is not. People say that newspaper work is necessarily ephemeral and yet if any one of us rebels against this fact and tries to make a fair-to-middling piece do service for a second time, he will find himself assailed as a rascal obtaining money under false pretenses, BUB Rules for Marriage npHE Rev. Mr. W. Russell Bowie, rector of Grace church, has drawn up a set of rules for those contemplating marriage. Unless they accept his code, he won't perform the ceremony. I supose a minister has a right ; to be as persnickety as he pleases, i After all. there are plenty of civil agents qualified to tie as binding a knot as was ever sealed in any rectory. Yet, even so, I think it is not | amiss to call the rector’s attention | to fundamental fallacies in hs phi- ! losopny. Among other things, the bride and bridegroom must pledge themselves to join “some Christian church.” Dr. Bowie ought to know better : than that. This is. I think, small evidence that church mutual membership is necessarily an important factor in any marriage. I have often felt that mixed marriages have a better chance of success than the average union. It is important in marriage that each member should have some impori rant interest which is his very own. Certainly if my wife were a Methodist. I never would talk to her •about it. Early on Sunday morning I she would start out for her church i and I would start for mine. Or. if I didn’t happen to have one. I might lie in bed and read the papers. It takes a lot of concentration to get through a Sunday paper and a really sincere student of the news j should be alone at such times. You don’t want to be interrupted by | somebody saying, “Did you see what | this critic wrote about ‘Green Pas- ; tures?’ I think he's an even bigger I fool than the other critics.” B B B What’s to Discuss? ANOTHER prevision laid down by Dr. Bowie Is that the couple ■ must confer with him at least one day before the ceremony. This, I

riculture has issued a special bulletin attacking false and misleading statements that are made for various preparations alleged to have the power of increasing the milk when they are fed to the cows. One such preparation was merely a mixture of half dozen different substances none of which has any special virtue in affecting the flow of milk in any way. In the case of the cows, the department of agriculture is particularly vigilant in preventing the sale of such products. Nevertheless similar products frequently are sold to the public for human consumption, where they constitute certainly as great a menace as they do in the field of veterinary medicine.

(deals and opinions expressed n this column are those of me of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with tbe editorial attitude ot this paper.—The Editor.

suppose, is intended to serve as a barrier against over-hasty marriage. But it seems to me that the good clergyman is taking in too much territory. If the man and woman who contemplate marriage can’t make up their minds without the assistance of a clerical outsider. I should urge them strongly to give up the experiment on the instant. Dr. Bowie might be competent to instruct the young people in their duties and responsibilities, but marriage is more than anew obligation. It is in the best and truest sense an adventure. More than that, it is an adventure in which the presence of a chaplain is distinctly unnecessary, save for the few minutes which he requires to perform the ceremony. He has no business bustling around the argonauts beforehand. Or after, either, for that matter. Marriage is decidedly a game for two. Kibitzers, clerical or otherwise, are distinctly a burden. An excellent rule, in the beginning, at any rate, is neither to seek nor tolerate advice. I have no doubt that Dr. Bowie’s intentions are of the best, but for all that he may find his brashness leads him nowhere but to a paving contract for brimstone bungalows. (Copyright. 1930. by The Times*

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APRIL 28. 1930

j SCIENCE 1 BY DAVID DIETZ

Every Person Carries His Own Zoo Around With Him. but the “Animals” Are Harmless. Every human being is a walking zoo as well as a botanical garden. Fortunately, however, the i fauna and flora involved arc both j microscopic and harmless. Most people are acquainted vith J the fact that every human being j carries a great many millions t I bacteria around with him at all times. Since bacteria are classed usually as plants, these constitute the botanical garden reierred to. An experiment which never fails to interest the college freshman in the biology laboratory is to scrape a bit of film from one of his teeth, fix it on a glass side, stain it and examine it under a microscope. Countless bacteria are revealed. There are many varieties of bacteria to be found also on the human skin and in the intestinal tract. These bacteria are harmless, as already stated. They are known technically as nonpathogcnic. to distinguish them from the disenseproducing or pathogenic bacteria. The zoo which each person carries around with him is not so well known and has only been revealed by observation and research within recent years. It consists of microscopic onecelled animals known as protozoa. j 808 Ameba COLLEGE freshmen usually make the acquaintance of two types of protozoa in the biology laboratory. One is a type of ameba. which inhabits fresh water ponds and creeks. The other is a type of paramecium found in the same localities. Both are among the larger pro- ; tozoa. being just visible to the unaided eye as tiny specks. The great majority of protozoa are not so large, many being visible only in very powerful miscroscopes. The ameba, under the microscope, appears like a tiny drop of jelly with a granular structure. It possesses a darker spot within it, the nucleus. The ameba moves by changing its j shape, pushing out its substance into the finger-like processes known jas pseudopodia (the word comes j from two Greek words and means j “false feet.”). | The paramecium fs shaped some- | what like a tiny slipper. It is covered with tiny hair-like processes called cilia. It swims by a constant vibration of these cilia. Students sometimes make the mistake of supposing that protozoa occur only in streams and lakes and oceans. Damp soil contains many varieties of protozoa and a still greater variety are parasitic in both plants and animals. According to Professor Robert Hegner of the Johns Hopkins university, there are sixteen varieties of harmless protozoa which are parasitic in human beings. In addition there are nine pathogenic or disease-producing varieties. These pathogenic varieties, however, are confined almost entirely to the tropics and certain parts of Asia. ts an Kissing DR. HEGNER states that about 50 per cent of the population carj ries about a tiny ameba, known as | Endamoeba Gingivalis. It lives in I the so-called gingevial spaces at the 1 base of the teeth. j At one time, some authorities | thought that this ameba was the j cause of pyorrhea. Dr. Hegner j states, however, that more recent studies indicate that this ameba is harmless. He also states the opinion that this ameba is undoubtedly transmitted during kissing, so that every person is likely to become infected with it at some time. Another type of protozoa, called Trichomonas Bucacalisj occurs in from 10 to 30 per cent of the population. It is one of the type known as flagellate because it has a whiplike tail. It swims by whipping this tail* back and forth. Dr. Hegner lists two types of protozoa which occur in the small intestine. These are rare, however. There Is one type of ameba which inhabits the large intestine in about 50 per cent of the population. Other types inhabiting the large intestine are present in a small percentage, of cases. Some are extremely rare. The nine pathogenic types all inhabit the blood stream. They include the protozoa, which cause malaria, sleeping sickness, kalazar and a few other tropical and Asiatic diseases. Dr. Hegner also points out that twenty of the twenty-five protozoa which inhabit man also are found in monkeys.