Indianapolis Times, Volume 41, Number 276, Indianapolis, Marion County, 29 March 1930 — Page 4

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A City Uses Its Head Cities struggling with the unemployment problem should watch Cincinnati. It quietly is conducting one of the most Interesting experiments in social engineering attempted in this country in a long time. It is trying to keep men working and families fed. regardless of national depression. And it is succeeding to surprising extent. Like all daring and effective achievements, the fhing that impresses the outsider about the Cincinnati stabilization plan is its extreme simplicity. There is nothing novel about the idea, unless one would say the novelty consists in the willingness of community officials and business le:tder c to apply an obvious idea. The idea in brief is w . _>certain the extent of unemployment, spread jobs among more workers through the “stagger” system, and provide temporary relief work for the remaining labor surplus—the entire plan being rigged In advance, ready to operate when the crisis comes. Behind this plan are two facts which were discovered by the Cincinnati leaders—facts long since discovered by economists, and which should be very clear to all communities, but unfortunately are not. First, it is the fact that our periodic unemployment can not be hexed away by a lot of mumbo-jumbo about business being good when it isn’t. The reality must be faced. More, it must be foreseen. The fat years must be used to prepare for the lean. Second Is the fact that the community as a whole is morally and economically responsible for prevention of the waste and misery of unemployment. Unless the economic disease of unemployment is controlled, it will spread until it threatens the entire city. It is not only good religion, but good business, for n community to recognize its responsibility in preventing the need of soup kitchens and bread lines. Happily, Colonel C. O. Sherrill, Cincinnati’s city manager, got that idea more than a year ago while times still were good. He promptly formed a comprehensive committee of officials, representing city, state and federal agencies, and of private social organizations and business men. Their job in the midst of prosperity was to perfect a plan and machinery for its operation which would stabilize employment when a crisis occurred—whether that was in five weeks or five years. Then, early last autumn, when it was clear to all but the blind that a bad winter was ahead, the machinery was assembled and the power turned on. For many months before the emergency hundreds of business leaders and officials, operating through I committees and subcommittees over the entire metroi politan district of city and surrounding area, had been [dealing with the following subjects: Fact-finding, , publicity and education, city-state employment ex- : changes, continuous employment, temporary employ- | ment, public works, co-operation of agencies and transient labor. Slightly in advance of the depression those employers who could not maintain full production were induced to ‘stagger” employment so none of their workers would be laid off entirely. Industries were induced to create new temporary jobs. Then the city-state public works, held in reserve for the emergency—about treble the normal amount —were started. Finally, the surplus of able-bodied workers was sent to public and semi-public institutions to do *xld jobs, and paid 30 cents an hour out of a joint city and community chest fund. Naturally, Cincinnati has not solved the unemployment problem—which is as wide as our country and as deep as our imperfect economic system. But Cincinnati has achieved a partial solution, which is sufficient at least to make it better off today than most cities. P. S.—There is no copyright on the Cincinnati plan ♦ A Tip to the Married Os words of advice in regard to marriage there is no e:jd. Most of it. no doubt, dates all the war back to jlam and Eve, and most of It, just as Indubitably, alvAs has been and always will be disregarded: but it djif no harm to add a word or two to the general totaFnow and then, anyway. MP The latest comes from Judge Samuel Harrison of HI., who has married 900 couples during his ■period In office. He offers many bits of advice; his r best, we think, is this: “Forgive your partner seventy times sever,, —m then throw away the account book.” Any happily married couple can tell you the value of that admonition. Mutual forcbearance and forgiveness can shove almost any obstacle out of the path of marital happiness. What Prohibition Did The Yale prohibition poll, which shows that students of that institution are 22.3 per cent wetter than are the old folks at home, is a striking reflection of the tendency of our younger generation. Youth has become more independent in thought and deed. It is more assertive, more inclined to go on its own. It refuses to be shackled to tradition and It particularly resents the “thou shall not” selfconstituted guardians of public morals. The fires in youth bum high. Youth wants to go somewhere—it is not sure where, but somewhere. It wants to do something—it is not sure what, but something. The soil of which it is made constitute fertile ground for the seeds of inspiration. Youth can be pointed to the right road, but it can not be driven to take that road. How dull. then, is the man of riper years who says to youth: “You must not.” "You must not.” And Adam and Eve ate of the apple. “You must not.” And a people that was becoming more and more temperate began to drink hard liquor as it never had drunk hard liquor before. The professional reformers will tell you that each succeeding generation will become drier as the influence of the disreputable saloon is erased by time. Yale students represented in the Literary Digest poll averaged less than 13 years o aefg when the saloon went out. They didn’t know the saloon. Yet the figures show that 70.8 per cent of the student body drinks. The saloon has had no influence upon the lives of these young men. But say "thou shall not” to youth and youth answers: “I will, and shall ” Youth wetter than its sires, will hand down to its progeny-what? A wholesome respect for law? What opportunity has the youth of today to learn anything about respect for law, when the prohibition statutes are mocked by millions?

The Indianapolis Times (A SCRIFFS-HOWABD NEWSPAPER) Owned *nd published daily (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos.. 214-220 West Maryland Street. Indianapolis, Ind. Price In Marion County, 2 cents a ropy: elsewhere. 3 cents-delivered by carrier, 12 cents a week. BOYD GL'lt LEY, BOY W. HOWARD, FRANK G. MORRISON, Editor President Business Manager ~ PHONE—ltlley MSI Saturday, march 29, i930, Member of United Preaa, Sc ripp-Howar<l Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. — “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

The Eyes Have It Nature adjusts itself to the demands made upon it. The giraffe’s appetite was for the leaves at the top of the tree, so nature gave the giraffe a long neck. The duck developed a liking for a life on the ocean wave, so nature provided it with oil for Its feathers, to the end that it might float the better, and webs for Its feet, to the end that it might swim the better. Man, living in the close confines of his cave, had eyes that were close together like this: o o Man began to go farther and farther afield. As his horizon broadened his eyes became farther and farther apart, so that more territory could come within his vision. Finally his eyes were like this: o o But we are headed for an evolution In reverse. In a few generations our eyes will be close together again, like this: o o But nature will not stop at that. Finally, we will have only one eye, like this: o But it will be a double orb. The development will come after ages of peeping through our neighbor’s keyhole to see whether he has any contraband liquor in his possession. If you don’t believe it, just stick around a couple of thousand years. Yale and Prohibition The stock argument of many of those favoring prohibition is this: “The effort to suppress drinking represents a great social reform. Since its aim is to change habits long established, It can not be expected that it will succeed at once. But each new generation will be drier than the one preceding it. At last, prohibition will become a reality.” . As oratory, that sounds very well. But the argument collapses when the younger generation's tendency toward liquor is taken into account. For instance, there is the Yale university prohibition poll. Compared with the Literary Digest poll in twenty-one states, it shows that the Yale students average 22.3 per cent “wetter” than the old folks at home, as represented in the Digest poll. These figures do not uphold the prohibition argument. They indicate that the new generation Is wetter than the old. If each succeeding generation becomes wetter, what about the “give-it-time” argument? A psychologist said recently that men of retiring dispositions who modestly keep in the background are the most pronounced type. This seems to apply everywhere but in congress. “The man who lives the longest is the man who never does anything in a hurry,” says a doctor. We know a couple of waiters who are going to be very old men. The French ambassador at Berlin who enraged his countrymen by marrying a German girl and now faces dismissal as a result, has a thing or two yet to learn about diplomacy, apparently. A pastor in North Carolina says he saw a white blackbird. Maybe so. A blueberry is red when its green, you know. Three hundred years ago the colonists paid their taxes with corn. Judging from certain practices since prohibition, this still is the custom. Os course, that golden cup presented the secretary of the treasury on his seventy-fifth birthday recently, mint a lot to him. Says a movie actress: ”1 learned to cook when I was a young girl and I love It.” We’d relish her role for the dough alone. Judging from some performances, nothing In the ring seems on the square.

REASON By 1 L ANDIS CK

THE supreme court of the United States set aside the oil lease, which ex-Secretary Fall gave to Edward L. Doheny, saying that it was a fraudulent transaction, yet nine men and three women, sitting in a jury box, needed only one hour to make the amazing discovery that the supreme court was wrong aftd that Doheny was in fact a snow-white lamb when he handed Fall SIOO,OOO. a a u In other words, twelve jurors who understood Judicial values no more than a Hottentot, with rings in his nose, understands the Einstein theory, rendered a judicial decision which reversed the decision of the greatest court in all this world. It did not take the jury long, for while wisdom meditates, stupidity is swift. a u THE jury system originated In the desire of the masses to escape persecution and so came the device by which every man was to have a trial by a jury of his own kind untouched by tyrants. it was designed as the refuge of the innocent, but it has become the refuge of the guilty, and It would be far better for law and order if it could be abolished j altogether. a a a A guilty defendant always avails himself of this guarantee,' but there is a twin brother of this guarantee which such a defendant never invokes, and it is the right to an immediate trial. The guilty know that they would get the limit were they tried while society is interested in the crime, so the sleeping potion of delay is administered to the goddess of justice. tt tt tt Eight or nine years crawled like snails between the Fall-Doheny affair and this recent trial and every year contributed to that psychological statute of limitations which causes human nature to wave aside old offenses, saying: “Oh, that was long ago.” A case postponed is half won. a u a DOHENY'S acquittal leaves the beloved ex-Secre-tary Fall uncertain whether he be saint or sinner. since another jury said he accepted a bribe from Doheny, who now is given these ravishing robes of fnnccenoe. Penning this uncertainty, Fall can be depended on to become desperately ill and hold off his prison sentence, for he has the most reliable case of illness in the history of criminal jurisprudence. It is a great joke, but remember that this time It is not the fault of the much-abused courts; it is the fault of the dear American jury, the greatest fraud among existing Institutions in America!

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

Business Refuses to Recognize. That Much - Referred -to Doctrine of “Splendid Isolation” TT'RANCE wants a security pact ar the price of disarmament. Wc will have none of it. European countries seek to overcome the difficulty by arranging one among themselves. The logic of such a situation should be apparent to any one. Unless the peace movement collapses, it will develop two combines—that of the western world, dominated by America, with the Monroe doctrine as a basis, and that of the eastern world, dominated by England and France through a special treaty of their own. v a st a If the problem were purely political, we might keep out of trouble by the simple process of avoiding commitments, but business must be consulted, and business won’t recognize the doctrine of ‘ splendid isolation.” Business, as represented by trade and travel, dragged it into the last war, though we were not under the slightest political obligation. What Is the use for politicians to preach that we can safeguard ourselves from being dragged into another by refusing to take a seat at the council table? We have loans, branch houses, interests and investments all over the world. We are encouraging the extension of trade with every country. No matter what our statesmen say, commerce is forging a thousand chains that bind us to world affairs. tt a a Mergers Pay ONE-FOURTH the cotton spinners in England are idle. They have been laid off during the last three months because of outside competition. Particularly from Japan. The Japanese cotton mills have been modernized and merged. Four concerns control more than 40 per cent of the industry. English mills remain small and Independent. There are 1,800 in the county of Lancashire alone. This is but one of many incidents which show how a community can be affected by conditions on the other side of the world. tt tt tt Statecraft must keep pace with other activities if it would hold its own. It will become a meaningless institution. If it tries to remain local and isolated, w’hile commerce and industry expand. The purpose of statecraft is to help people adjust their relationship, but how can it do this successfully. if it refuses to recognize the character, cause, and extent of those relationships? non World Changes THE world has changed since George Washington warned us to avoid entangling alliances. In his day, Washington was as far from Boston as Boston now is from Berlin. We have seen just the “Europa” cross the Atlantic ocean in four days. Within a year or so, we shall see Zeppelins crossing it in two. We have also seen Marconi light lambs in Australia from on Board his yacht in the Adriatic. Do statesmen supose that, they can make the provincial doctrines of the eighteenth century work under such conditions? a a u The trouble is that we are trying to apply oxcart politics to problems that have arisen because of the steamship, railroad, telegraph, radio, not to mention a thousand and one other innovations. Politics, as represented by legislators, judges and diplomats, stands forth as the only profession which denies the necessity of growth. Congress still takes an hour to make a roll call, when it could do so in less than a minute if it would install a system of electric push buttons and bulletin boards. Courts of justice still cite precedents laid down by jurists who had no conception of the age in which we live. Ambassadors, special representatives and conferees, pretending to guide the drift of world events, still follow the rules and play the game that was in vogue when James I. wrote his book to prove the existence of witchcraft. tt a a Progress Realized LEADERS of the financial and industrial world long have realized the utter futility of trying to operate within the arbitrary bounaries of nationalism. They not only are going to the four corners of the earth in pursuit of markets and raw materials, but they are forming cartels and combines on an international basis. Nor is the picture different when one enters the humblest home or smallest workshop.

Daily Thought

Now faith is the substance of th ngs hoped for, the evidence of things not seen.—Hebrews 11:1. tt o a Let us have faith that right makes might and in that faith, let us, to the end. dare to do our duty as we understand it.—Abraham Lincoln. How tall is Clara Bow and how much does she weigh? She is 5 feet 2 1 3 inches tall and weighs 109 pounds. How old Is Mrs. Leslie Carter? She was bom June 10, 1862. Does a pound of feathers weigh the same as a pound of lead? Feathers and lead are both weighed by avoirdupois scale and therefore a pound is the same for each. What is humidity? It refers to the amount of vapor or water in the air.

Papa Starts His Spring Digging!

' ' % 1 1 \ N wO// r (\ t iff a o Q^c

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Rest Essential in Health Program

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN, Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. IN a consideration of health standards and of the healthful conditions of human life, Dr. William R. P. Emerson has given special attention to the qdbstion of over-fatigue. After all physical defects are removed, after a proper diet is established, children will still fail to gain if they burn up too much body energy and thus fail to use food to aid the structure of the body. Doctor Emerson points out that this fact was not appreciated until an observation was made of a boy of 8, who had failed to gain in weight for a long period of time, suddenly broke his leg. His activities were limited for three weeks and he promptly gained four pounds. \ In an endeavor to build up chil-

IT SEEMS TO ME

A SPEAKEASY proprietor who is a friend of mine land this ought not by any means to constitute a complete identification), came around the other day and said: “I want to give $25 for this business of trying to get people jobs.” "I’m sorry. Fred,” I told him, “but the paper doesn’t want me to take any money.” “But this hasn’t got anything to do with the paper. This is just between you and me.” I've always hated to refuse money, so I answered that on the basis he suggested I could and would take the $25. “But,” I added, “you understand. Cecil, that I can’t acknowledge it.” “Acknowledge it!” he interrupted. “You must be crazy. I don’t want it acknowledged. If you put it in the paper that Mike had given you $25, I'd have every grafter in town on my neck. They’d be around saying. “Oh, I thought you said business was not so good!' “Os course, business hasn’t been so good, but you’ve got the prohibition crowd wrong. They're not such a mean lot. Lately, I’ve been telling ’em, ‘Bo.vs, I'm sorry, but I can’t give you the regular $lO this week. Five is the best I can do.’ And, would you believe It, they

JOHN TYLER’S BIRTH March 29 ON March 29, 1790, John Tyler, tenth president of the United States, was born at Greenway, Va., the son of Judge John Tyler, who was Governor of Virginia and a judge of state and federal courts. Young Tyler was graduated from William and Mary college at the age of 17 and two years later was admitted to the bar. After serving several terms in the Virginia legislature and in congress, Tyler was elected Governor of Virginia. At the close of his second term, he was elected to the United States senate. Asa leading member of the Whig party, Tyler ran for Vice-President in 1836, but was defeated. Four years later he was elected VicePresident with General W. H. Harrison, and. when Harrison died after a month in office, assumed the presidency. Tyler, as president, broke off completely with the party that had elected him. Asa result, all the members of his cabinet, except Webster, who was engaged in diplomatic duties, resigned. A year later Webster followed. One of the most Important events of Tyler's administration was the annexation of Texas.

dren who had not put on weight properly, therefore, regular rest periods before meals were established and the results were prompt. The human being does not rest nearly so much as he should, particularly in conditions of modern civilization. We are living at a much greater speed than man used to live, but we have failed to realize that the greater the speed, the greater the wear and tear on the human body. The child today is stimulated not only by the increasing amount of knowledge that it is compelled to absorb in the school, but by the outside activities in the form of dances, parties, games and special lessons in piano playing, foreign languages and other extra school activities. The problem of fatigue means a study not only of physical fatigue, but also of mental fatigue. Fatigue is associated with mental irritability, which represents the reaction of the human being against too much

speak right up and say, ‘Bill, don’t you worry about that. We won’t take anything at all this week. Well just wait till business gets better.’ ” u tt a Can't Go Back NOW and again, of course, I have received letters, saying, “If you don’t like this country, why don’t you go back where you came from?” That I could do well enough, except at the rush hours, but a truly difficult task is assigned to me by G. K. R., who writes: “If you don't like the divorce laws of America, why don’t you move to a free love colony?” To be sure, I might answer that I do not know the whereabouts of such a colony, but that would be to dodge the issue. The fact of the matter is that, even though I had transportation and precise directions, I would not leave these imperfect United States for a community completely unrestrained. My conscience would not allow it. Os late years I have boasted upon

/ Dailij / Devotion \ Saturday, March 29 THE CLAIM OF THE HOME Memory verse: “I write unto you, i fathers.’’ il John 2:13.) Read: Ephesians 6:1-9. MEDITATION Fathers, mothers and children! John wrote to them all, reminding them each of what the home spirit required of them. Living, as an art, is best revealed in the home. Within its walls men appear at most nearly their true value. Here 'me is with those who know him best, i Here his guard is down, he is not : doing things for effect. He is quite safe here from publicity. It is here, above all places, where one should be at his best. If one fails here one fails at a crucial point, because he fails in spirit. The spirit of the true home is unselfish service without end. If one must neglect something in this complex and hurried day, last of all should it be the home. PRAYER “Lord, Jesus, our great Leader and Brother, who didst know on earth the love of father and mother and didn’t share a home with brothers and sisters, teach us Thy way in our homes. May we not reserve our best for strangers. Give us understanding hearts and a love that is not provoked and that never faileth. Amen.”

stimulation. Business men are more inclined to become angry in the afternoon than early in the morning. By far the greatest number of accidents occur to workers after 4 o'clock in the afternoon. When one is fatigued, trifles are magnified and it is not safe to make important judgments when one is over-tired. Finally, the person who is overtired fails to sleep well. He worries about little things and thus a vicious circle is formed. Among the particular causes of fatigue and tiredness are worry, pain, monotony, and rapid growth. Much depends on the temperament of the person who is concerned. Some people refuse to worry, to become angry or irritated, or inded to become excited. They are much less likely to show fatigue and its effects than those who are temperamentally on the edge of an upset most of the time.

(deals and opinions expressed in this column are those of ane of America’s most interesting: writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

occasion that I had my conscience licked and under control. I thought that by this victory I had become free. ■ But conscience is the most benevolent of despots, compared with an unconscious. At most, conscience merely pleads and advises. The unconscious wastes no time on words. It can and does shove and haul about the individual in whom it resides. tt tt tt A Complex I KNOW that I have a complex. and I take no delight in the fact that it is rather special. The world teems with supressed Don Juans and Cassanovas, but pity me, who am oppressed with an unconscious longing to be Sir Gallahad, or perhaps it is Darby, the patient and long-suffering mate of Joan. I believe it was a book that ruined me. The tale which led to my undoing was not any one of those against which the Clean Books League leads attacks. A most reputable and moral author overthrew me at an early age. In fact, I accuse Sir Walter Scott, I am not precisely sure just which of the Waverly novels shackled me to conformity The plots differ in some details, but one pattern persisted. Every hero was a habitual, enthusiastic, and confirmed monogamist. And so I was and am and ever shall be steered by a Puritan who sits intrenched in the cabin and calls orders up my tubes. I do not know this roundhead in the broad hat, but I* can not dislodge him from his post of command by the simple expedient of lifting my eyebrows and saying: “I beg pardon, but I believe we never have been introduced.” (CopTrieht. 1930. bv_The Times I

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MARCH 20, 1930

SCIENCE

1 BY DAVID DIETZ Captain Who Searched Arctic for Bodn of Sir John Franklin Gave Up Oicn Life in Frozen North. PERHAPS it was the irony of fat* that Captain Charles F. Hall, after spending many years of his life in the Arctic in search of news of the ill-fated Franklin expedition, should himself die beyond the Arctic circle. Sir Jolm Franklin sailed into the Arctic in 1845. He never was heard from again and it was not until fourteen years later that various search parties pieced together the story of the fate that had overtaken Franklin and his companions. Captain Hall was bom in Rochester, N. H., in 1821. In 1859 he vt 'f unteered to the American Oei>igraphical society to "go in search of the bones of Franklin.” Funds were raised by public subscription and in May, 1860, Hall set sail on a whaling vessel. The vessel became ice bound north of Hudson Bay and Hall was able to proceed no further. While he found no trace of Franklin, he found relics of Fro- : bisher’s sixteenth* century expedition and made studies of the Eskimos. In 18G4, Hall returned to the Arctic. This time he stayed five j years, continued his studies of the | Eskimo and succeeded in finding many relics of the Franklin expedition, clearing up the fate of seven-ty-six members of the expedition. e a a No till IN June, 1871, the United States government dispatched the Polaris to explore the passage between Greenland and Grinnel Land and if possible to push on to the north pole. Captain Hall was put in command of the Polaris. He set sail on June 29, with a crew of thirty-three. Good fortune favored the start of the journey. Finding the waters of Smith’s Sound, at the head of Baffin Bay, remarkably clear of ice, he managed to sail to lattitude 32 , degrees, 11 minutes—farther ngjjHo , than any explorer had pendfratco up to that time. The approach of winter weather made it necessary to seek a stopping . place until the next summer. So , the boat turned southward and went [ into winter quarters. But on Nov. 8, Hall was stricken with apoplexy and died. The officers and crew abandoned j [ any idea of trying to go farther I north and when the spring of 1872 ’ arrived, they turned the ship toward home. Heavy ice floes, however, made ’ going very slow and on Aug. 14, the ship was jammed so tightly in by a series of floes off the entrance to . Kennedy channel that it was im- , possible to move it. The men thought it unwise to abandon the ship and so stayed with it as it slowly was carried southward by the drift of the ice in which it was imprisoned. Then a terrific gale arose. The ice floes began to heave and grind under the wind. The ship creaked • and groaned. A sudden split in the* I ice pack freed the ship. But a fewj j minutes later, the pack came UM : ! gether again badly crushing the &hi£ ■ a u tt J Split CONVINCED that another split the ice would let the ship sink,., the men made ready to abandon i; Nineteen men carried the and provisions o;;t of the ship an , placed them on a large hums mock of ice. Suddenly the ice pack split agair and the ship’floated free. When the | ice closed again the Polaris Jia<J disappeared from the view' of hi\&' nineteen men on the hummock. For all they knew the ship and their comrades were at the bottom of the' sea. The nineteen, faced by the pos- , sibility of death at any moment, ! proceeded to build shelters on the , ice and to store away their pro- | visions as securely as possible. For- ’ tunately, they had two rifles which could be used to shoot seals. Then the Arctic night descended upon them. For eighty-three days there w'as no sun. The men lived in ! their crude shelter. It w'as heated by a lamp which burned seal blubber. Spring arrived and now anew ; difficulty appeared. As the weather became warmer the ice began to melt. Finally, however, they spied a vessel. It was the Tigress, a sealer from Labrador. The nineteen were rescued, almost miraculously, after 196 days on the drifting ice. On their return to civilization they found that the Polaris had i.ot sunk, but had drifted on. The twelve officers and men still aboard it had managed to bring it to the mainland, where they spent the ■ winter. j During the long winter they built 1 two boats from the timbers of the | ship. In the spring they set sail in :hese. a desperate but only chance. Fortunately, they were sighted by a , whaler, the Ravenscraig, which resi cued them.