Indianapolis Times, Volume 41, Number 252, Indianapolis, Marion County, 1 March 1930 — Page 4

PAGE 4

SCRIPPS—HOWARD

Alien Espionage Danger to American liberties and traditions lurk In the alien registration bills being agitated In congress. One bill was reported favorably out of committee and was recommitted only through the alertness of Senator Copeland of New York. These bills may Icok Innocent, but they are not. They can be used for sinister forms of espionage and police inquisition. Defended as an effort to identify aliens, they could in reality be used chiefly against aliens in the labor movement. They are a hangover from the psychology 'deportations delirium” of 1919-21. That such products of war hysteria can remain indefinitely dangerous is proved by the unparalleled activity in invoking the criminal syndicalism laws throughout the country now. Some supporters of the registration policy point to the fact that the registration may be optional and voluntary. This should not fool the public. In the first place, the more important bills do not provide for purely voluntary compliance. But even purely voluntary registration never would be such in fact. Employers could demand registration of £llen workers on penalty of discharge or refusal of jobs. In countless other ways ‘‘voluntary” registration could be made compulsory in fact. Citizenship could be denied those failing to register. The bills have beer, condemned by Senator Wheeler of Montana and many others. LieutenantGovernor Herbert Lehman of New York says: “It, immediately would set apart our alien population and place a stigma on them. It would foster and develop into a marked degree class and racial discrimination. It would open the way to possible abuse by unscrupulous police officers and other authorities in an intolerable degree. I do not know* of any scheme more un-American In its conception, principle or operation.” As Senator La Follette points out: ‘‘The remedy lies at the point of entry and not after the aliens have succeeded in effecting entry. To attempt a wholesale method of ferreting out aliens in the United States who had entered unlawfully Is a hopeless task, and would involve more mischief than any good which might come out of It. The registration plan involves a spy system.” It is symptomatic of the changing attitude of the American Federation of Labor that its officers now actively support this alien registration legislation. Perhaps all would do well to go back and read a bit about our previous unhappiness in this kind of business—the alien and sedition mess of 1798. Fickle Supreme Court Private railroads, gas, water, street car and other utility companies bought and built their plants years ago at a certain cost. Materials cost more now, so the companies write them up on their books at the fictional present-day cost, and set their rates to collect a return of 8 per cent or so on this larger "cost.” On the theory that the United States supreme court can do no wrong, this practice must be all right; at least the court has approved It in the Indianapolis water case, tne OFallon railroad valuation case, the Baltimore street car case, and others. But a curious parallel case has arisen. In 1917, the American Can Company had a lot of tin plate stored. It was purchased at $3.60 a box. Tin became precious when we went to war. The price Jumped to $7. So the company ‘‘wrote up" its stock on hand as of Jan. 1, 1917, at $7 a box. The company sold Its tin, and reported in its income and excess profits tax return as ‘net income” the margin over the $7 “cost.” Shall we call this 'current reproduction cost” as the utility companies do? The United States treasury refused to do so. It rejected the bookkeeping figures of the American Can Company, and assessed some $3,397,000 additional taxes. Perhaps they were indignant at being thus treated while the public utility companies get away with the same practice, the company appealed to the federal courts. The company won in the lower court, wherer upon the government appealed to the supreme court. "The courts below,” said the government, “have permited thsee respondents to pay a tax based not upon their actual income, but upon an amount artificially produced and eioneously called their income.” The supreme court now has decided in favor of the government. In the court's unanimous opinion, written by Justice Mcßeynolds, it was said the companies ‘‘can not complain because an item (in their return) was changed to conform with admitted facts.” Mcßevr.olds called the $7 valuation as “inflation.” But that rule apparently does not apply when the supreme court majority deals with public utility corporations. Our Law-Ridden Land "Since the beginning of the twentieth century, approximately a quarter million statutes have been enacted by the legislatures of the forty-eight states. These figures do not include the even larger number of ordinances passed by municipalities, nor the rules and regulations promulgated by departments, bureaus, commissions and other administrative bodies. "This phenomenal growth and expansion of law has invaded the domain of individual liberty to an extent unknown in modern history, thereby arousing resentment among large numbers of people. v “Moreover, the rapid increase in the volume and complexity of law has taxed beyond their capacities existing devices for law administration, thus impairing their efficiency, with consequent delay, confusion and at times complete failure of enforcement. Asa result, men are beginning to ask questions about law which are proving embarrassing to those responsible for the administration of justice.” Such is the sober estimate of current legal developments in tire United States offered by Dean Young B. Smith of Columbia university, in a recently delivered address. The passion for law making is, however, far worse than this statement would indicate. For every one of the 250.000 laws passed, ten have been proposed. And most of the lavs from which we are saved are worse than those under which we groan. Why this great and increasing flood of legislative enactments which threatens to overwhelm us with unwise or nonenforceable laws? The most plausible and defensible explanation is the increasing complexity of life. In a culture based upon automobiles, skyscrapers, subways and giant factories, human relationships become much more complex and difficult and require far more extensive legal regulation. An

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attitude toward law begotten in the atmosphere of Montfcello hardly’ could pass muster under the conditions of lower Manhattan island or Pittsburgh today. Another cause of increasing legislation has been the triumph of the democratic dogma that citizens may and should create Utopia by laws of their own making. The perfection of society is in the hands of the jieople. This notion has been increased and distorted by the fanatical wish of some to make others “good” by legislative fiat. Finally, we must recognize the general tendency in political philosophy to abandon the Jeffersonian and Spencerian position that the best government is the one which governs least. For better or worse, the philosophy of state intervention has won the day. The sensible person is likely to find some middle ground between the futile desire to return to the conditions of pre-industrial revolution age and the blanket approved of our current avalanche of laws. That we must have many laws may be conceded, but let us keep them down to the necessary minimum; let the laws we do have be as much the product of expert advice as of democratic urge; and then let us enforce such laws as we put on the statute books. A safe working principle will be to resort to lawmaking only when other remedies have proved inadequate. A Good Word for Judas The most novel and widely discussed type of historical literature in recent years has been the socalled “new biography.” This has attempted to present a realistic picture of important personages in the past, free from the moss and accumulated tradition of the ages. Writers of these books have realized that no man can be understood merely by his public utterances or his official acts. His digestion may have influenced his actions more profoundly than his political philosophy. If a nose for muckraking and scandalmongering has actuated some of the new biographers, such a charge does not inevitably follow from the nature of their efforts. The desire to get at actualities rather than myths is all sufficient to encourage such research projects. If some of the ancient heroes have been debunked, certainly others have emerged with greatly enhanced reputations. Andrew Johnson and others are cases in point. Os all the historical characters known to western civilization, there can be no doubt that Judas Iscariot has been maligned most universally. Dante put him in the very .bottom of the inverted cone of hell. To raise one’s voice in his behalf has been to place one’s self on almost as degraded a level as the traditional betrayer of Jesus himself. George More, and later Dr. Ernest Sutherland Bates, have attempted to modify the commonly received notions of Judas as an avaricious wretch who joined the disciples for what there was in it for him financially, got himself elected treasurer of the group, faked his accounts and held out funds to play the market of that day, and ultimately betrayed his Lord and Master for thirty pieces of silver—some SBO. Now we have a learned German work by Professor Dr. H. E. von Kalinowski, who contends that Judas was probably the most faithful and ardent of the disciples. He felt that Jesus was too timid in declaring himself the long-expected Messiah. The ‘‘betrayal” was nothing else than an effort to force Jesus’ hand and compel him to come out into the open with his great revelation. The professor claims that there is little or no doubt that Judas believed that such declaration on the part of Jesus would inflame the Jews, stampede them to his cause, drive out the Romans and establish in Jerusalem the Kingdom of God on earth. Hence, turning Jesus over to the Romans was regarded by Judas as a clever coup which would lead the Romans into ruin and bring speedy triumph to Jesus and his program. Candid students of Jesus and his age recognize that there is little specific information upon which to base any definitive interpretation of Jesus or his followers. Intuitive logic is about our only resource here. Many will concede that while neither the case of Dr. von Kalinowski nor its opposite can be proved, the professor can deduce as much logic of inherent probability to confirm his position as can the supporters of the pious conventional view. At least his conception enables us to rehabilitate the reputation of Judas at no expense whatever to that of Jesus.

REASON By FREDERICK LANDIS

''I ''HERE are light hearts on the deck of the City of New York, now bringing Admiral Byrd's party home from the Antarctic. However, after the first week of welcomes, life will seem flat to the admiral, who has flown over both poles and the Atlantic, and like Alexander, he will sigh for more worlds to conquer. U O tt Senator Robinson of Arkansas handed a delightful package to Europe when he said the only real naval reduction was one all along the'line, including all kinds of fighting ships, also jrhen he said that w eare not going to become involved in Europe's quarrels. Uncle Samwas vaccinated in 1917 and that vaccination took. a a a THE proiiibition law has been hard to enforce, but it will be mor eso since this long line of silk stocking witnesses has paraded before the house committee at Washington, millionaires, great employers, college presidents and others announcing that the dry law is impossible. a an These witnesses, most of them New Yorkers, used to pose as the heaven-sent guardians of the Constitution and they branded as anarchists those west of the Alleghenies who sought governmental reforms by orderly procedure. Now the New Yorkers boast of law violations and counsel the scrapping of part of the Constitution. The “anarchists” are now on the other side of the Alleghenies. , BBS pOME weeks ago the prince of Wales threw away a match and a crowd of Englishmen fought for it, and the other day Mr. Coolidge threw' a way a snipe and a Los Angeles crowd fought for that. There are just about as many nuts on one side of the Atlantic as the other.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

America Has Developed a Type of Culture Which Is Impressing All the Rest of the World. * THE death of "Poker Alice” reminds us that this is not the first day or generation in which women have played men’s games with men. Long before the short skirt made its appearance, or the nineteenth amendment was passed, this English immigrant had had her fling with the divorce court, the six gun and the gambling palace. She knew the bright lights of virtually all the famous mining camps, as well as the seamy side. Though black cigars, strong liquor and poker chips accounted for most of her serious effort and recreation, she did not get into real trouble until after 70 and because of the prohibition law. Then she would have gone to Jail had Governor Bulow of South Dakota not felt compunction against sending “a white-haired woman over the road.” an a So much has been said in derogation of American life in general, and that of New 7 York in particular, that it is refreshing to head no less an authority than the French novelist, Paul Morand, advise Americans that they have little to gain in Paris or Europe. Those people, who find fault with America •' standardization, he says, fail to lize that Europe has all its drawbacks, with none of its advantages. New York he regards as the one place where the present generation can lead a superior life, and he defines superior life as meaning "good manners, picture galleries, Parisian frocks, enjoyable conversation, seeing good plays, the knowlege of good wines and the strategy of love.” ilap Culture Developing “TT/'E still speak of art as EuroVV pean,” says Morand, "still speak of our old masters, but where are they? They are going to New York, and with the help of antique dealers, in fifty years Europe will be a kind of midwest, and Salt Lake City, no doubt, will become the land of treasures.” Somewhat extravagant, perhaps, but not entirely unreasonable. In spite of all the riots, ribaldry and crudeness, America has developed a type of culture which is not only impressing the rest of the world, but of which it can well afford to be proud. Its people no longer need to visit other lands for works of art, choice editions or great monuments. Though one would hardly guess it to hear some folks talk, Ameiican prosperity has produced something besides so much wealth. Admitting that there is a deal of sham in its ostentatious charities, and evidence of publicity hunger in many of its philanthropies, it has still created centers of education and refinement that, are not exceeded, if indeed, they are equalled, anywhere in this world. To a measureable extent, Europe is living on its past, while America is living in the present. We’re Just Mortal "W/ rHY s0 llot ’ man ” asked YY Emei-son, ‘‘look at the stars.” Aye, and if that is not enough, considler measles, whooping cough, or even the mumps. Here is a great trial in North Carolina, containing issues, as we have been told, that go to the bottom of our economic and industrial problem, but halted, because one of the five defendants has the mumps. Mere mortals, after all, no matter how hot we get, how big we build, how violently we disagree. Napoleon, according to some historians, lost the battle of Waterloo because he was sick of a shameful malady, while Sardis is said to have fallen for no better reason than that a soldier dropped his helmet over the cliff. nan Greatest Triumph WE are prone to look at life through the telescope, as though it were only the big things that count, to explain the rise and fall of empires, the development of social movements and the general drift of human events, as though they were beyond the influence of details. In science we admit the power of the germ and electron. In human affairs, we look for the most stupendous thing in sight. "Poker Alice” stood for an age, quite as distinctly as did the Huntingtons, Rockefellers, Harrimans and Hills, and if Morand, or any one else would know American life, he should travel with the taxicab driver, the longshoreman and janitor, as well as the highbrow clique whom they support. America has done much for culture and education, but that is not its greatest triumph. Its greatest triumph consists In what it has done for. plain, average people.

Questions and Answers

Does an automobile tire inflated weigh more than one that is not inflated? Air has weight, therefore, an inflated tire weighs more than one that is deflated. How did Harold Lloyd lose his thumb and forefinger? He lost part of his hand while he was posing for some comic photographs. He held a real bomb, which the property man had given him by mistake. This exploded, blowing up the stuido and injuring Lloyd’s hand. Is there any relation between the husbands of sisters? There is no actual relationship. By courtesy they are called broth-ers-in-law. Is there any law to prevent an atheist being a witness in a federal court? N°* .

It Can Be Embarrassing You Know!

I WONDER IF I'M FORGETTING ANYTHING!!

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Asbestos Miner Faces Peculiar Peril

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. A s the great industries have 11 called scientific medicine in to assist them, it has become realized more and more that workers with various substances undergo special hazards. When post-mortem examinations are made on barbers, the lungs are not infrequently found to contain numerous short hairs inhaled during the course of the trade. Workers in dusty trades of all sorts have a possible hazard due to the inhalation of such materials. Recently the Journal of the Canadian Medical Association has called attention to the fact that a considerable part of the world’s supply of asbestos is mined in the

IT SEEMS TO ME By HEYWOOD BROUN

WITHIN the last two or three months an extraordinary change has occurred in the status of the fight between prohibition. If I seem to dwell a great deal on this theme, it is because of the fact that discussion at last begins to take effect. Back in the days of trench warfare a great deal of good white paper was wasted by propagandists on both sides. Nobody was convinced. Tlie debate was repetitious, and all the seed fell on stony ground. There can be no denying that at the beginning the drys had more fervor. The victory they won was not a fluke. Even a minority can prevail, if it is passionate enough, and there was a day when the prohibitionists had not only a majority, but a vast preponderance of power based on. the solid weight of conviction which lay behind their cause. # # # Martyrs AN intelligent dry like John Haynes Holmes was once justified in his remark that, after all the modificationists could not possibly be deeply sincere, since these dissenters had put forth no martyrs. The drys have been kind enough and foolish enough to make martyrs. The Volsteaders have shot their bolt. They laid aside their crusading armor much too soon, and now the shields, the banners, and the proud, white plumes are to be found in the army of the repealers. All this is strikingly illustrated in a recent edict issued by Mrs. Ella A. Boole, president of the National W. C. T. U. Mrs. Boole has issued orders that officers of her organization are to refrain in future from speaking at meetings arranged by the Women’s Organization for National Prohibition Reform. Mrs. Colvin, the leader of the Temperance Union in New York, recently appeared at a dinner debate sponsored by the modificationists. Her experiences at this meeting are offered as the cause for the recent ruling against "discussion. The reasons advanced by Mrs. Boole for this policy of scuttle and run can not be explained in any way except as a confession of present defeat and impending disaster. “We have no doubt that we will be charged with being afraid to appear in public,” she says, “but at the same time the facts in the case justify our position. “Instead of a bona fide discussion, Mrs. Colvin discovered that the meetings were packed with opponents of prohibition, who subjected Mrs. Colvin to considerable ill treatment.” # # # Experience I CAN NOT imagine a worse reason for a sincere and impassioned advocate’s dodging of discussion. Every person within my acquaintance who is interested in any cause complains that he lias

Black Lake district between Quebec City and Sherbrooke. Because few complaints were heard as to any special types of illness occurring in asbestos workers, little attention was given to the subject. However, reports have begun to appear in various publications throughout the world which indicate that there are special hazards associated with the handling of asbestos. Thus a British physician has pointed out that the inhalation of asbestos fibers produces fibrous changes in the lungs which represent perhaps an attempt of the tissues of the lung to wall off the foreign substance. Asbestos contains about 41 per cent of silica and 2 1/2 per cent of iron oxide. The lungs seem to react

almost no opportunity to preach to the opposition. This has been my own experience. I've talked for peace and I’ve talked for birth control on many ocasions, but always with the feeling that it was an ineffective proceeding. I am not referring to my oratorical deficiencies. I could have been twice—oh, let’s make ten times —as eloquent, and have done small good. The invitations to speak about birth control have come from some birth control organization, and the requests to speak against war have always been tendered by some society dedicated to the fight against militarism. And so, when I got on my feet at the hall or the hotel, I was facing an audience which believed precisely as I did. Moreover, they were acquainted in advance with the arguments which I would present. And so, though many yawned,

HOWELLS’ BIRTH March 1. ON March 1, 1837, William Dean Howells, American novelist, poet and critic, and often referred to as "the dean of American letters,” was born at Martin’s Ferry, O. Studious as a boy, Howells began making verses almost as soon as he could read. He first attracted attention, however, when his poems appeared in the Atlantic Monthly. In 1860. in his 23d year, he wrote a campaign "Life of Lincoln,” in recognition of which he received the next year the Venetian consulate. In his four years abroad in that post, he is said to have done his country a great service in interpreting, through his writings, America to Europe. When he returned, he did hardly a lesser service in interpreting America to itself. A strong champion of realism, he wrote of his fellow-countrymen as he saw them. Two of his most famous works are: “The Rise of Silas Lapham” and "A Hazard of New Fortunes.”

Daily Thought

And all the kings of the earth sought the presence of Solomon, to hear his wisdom, that God had put in his heart.—II Chronicles 9:23. # # # Wisdom adorns riches and shadows poverty.—Socrates. Has the radio distress signal “SOS” been changed? No.

particularly to silica wtih fibrous inflammation that is called silicosis. In addition to changes produced in the lungs, workers with asbestos develop warty growths on the skin which are called asbestos corns. The human body has factors of safety which are sometimes perhaps equally factors for harm. Thus the tissues are able to take care of a great many serious reactions or inflammations by walling them off or by eliminating them in other ways. If the danger to the body is not too considerable, workers are likely to pay little attention to the difficulty. As more and more scientific studies are made in the field of industry, these conditions are brought to light, and it becomes possible for industrial medicine to protect the worker, even though he himself has not realized the hazard.

Ideals and opinions expressed In this column are those of one of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

none hissed or heckled. At the end the chairman would say: “That was a fine meeting we had tonight.” I never thought so, for the net result was that forty to 100 people came out with a definite set of opinions and went home carrying precisely the same commodities. St tt St Delighted OF course, it is possible that a speaker could present his case so ineptly as to drive even a friendly audience over to the other camp. This is not within my experience. I’m not as bad as all that. And. accordingly, I would be delighted to have an opportunity at any time to talk to a chapter of the Knights of Columbus on birth control, or to discuss pacifism with the Daughters of the American Revolution. Not, you understand, with the expectation that any hearer or hearers would hit the sawdust trail of conversion. But, at least, it would be a try. There is no point in attempting to make converts out of those who are already converted. And so it seems to me that Mrs. Boole's decision not to let W. C. T. U. officers play any more with the unregenerate is a confession of weakness. The indignities offered Mrs. Colvin by wet auditors hardly can have been colossal. Spokeswomen for the Organization for National Prohibition Reform deny that there was any intentional discourtesy. Still, it is not unlikely that here and there a hostile audience may have laughed mockingly in the wrong place. There may even have been a hiss and perhaps a heckler. But what of it? A true crusader wants hostile audiences. Every debater knows that a speaker is a boon. Such an interruption gives him a chance to get to grips with the opposition point of view. (Copyright. 1930. by The Times!

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MAR. 1, 1930

SCIENCE

BY DAVID DIETZ Biologist Tells of Fly Tfu z-4 Dines on Spiders, Revers- i ing the Old Proverb. , PROVERBS about the spider and the fly are many. Undoubtedly* most readers, back In school days, shed a tear or two for the poor little fly who was invited , to step into the spider's parlor. They may be surprised, therefor, to know that there is one kind of fly which far from falling a victim to spiders, makes a habit of dining , upon them. Austin H. Clark, the distinguished biologist of the Smithsonian Institution, who has made a study of queer animals, fish and insects, tells about them. "Strange as it may seem," Dr. Clark, "there is a whole group of flies all the members of which ( feed entirely on spiders. “They are very queer looking flies. The head is very small and seems to consist almost entirely of a pair ~ of eyes. The back is arched so strongly that they seem to be deformed—little hunchbacked flies. “A number of these spider-eating flies are beautifully colored and brilliantly metallic. There are not so very many different kinds of these curious flies, and most of them are rare. Among other curious flics described by Dr. Clark is the so-called stalk-eyed flies. These have the eyes each on the end of a long stalk projecting sideways from the head. tt tt tt Stalk-Eyed IN some of the stalk-eyed flies the distance from eye to eye is as great as the distance across tlve wings, or twice the body length, Dr. Clark states. "Stalk-eyed flies are common in the tropics in damp grass lands and in shady woods," he says. "Safely concealed on the under surface of a , grass blade with their little eyes projecting out on either side, thanks to the long stalks, they can see you perfectly without your being able to see them. “You see them first when they fly away. One kind of stalk-eyed fly is common in our eastern states, but in this the stalks are very short andr give little Indication of the bizarre appearances of some of its oriental relatives.” Dr. Clark says that, the so-called human bot-fly of the American tropics is the most ingenious of flies. "The maggots live beneath the skin, forming local sores,” he says. "But the flies themselves never come near man. If the flies never come near man. how r is it that their maggots find their way to the human body? "The female bot-fly captures a female mosquito and lays some eggs on the under side of the mosquito's body. Later, when the mosquitos is engaged in sucking blood from a sleeping person, a little bot-fly maggot emerges from an egg, drops to the skin of tire mosquito’s victim, and when the mosquito is through feeding enters the body through the opening made by the mosquito's beak.” n an House Flies THE common house fly is just one of a number of flies which frequent houses in summer, Dr. Clark points out. "From time to time during the | summer you are annoyed by a sharp bite, and on looking at the bitten spot you see the culprit, which seems to be an ordinary house fly,” he says. "But it is not a house fly. If you watch a house fly lapping up its food or water you will see that its mouth parts and are soft and expanded at the end and are adapted for imbibing liquids. "The mouth parts of this biting# fly form a sharp beak, which ur* adapted to piercing the skin of animals and sucking the blood. “It almost invariably bites through clothing and seems to specialize on socks and stockings. Animals it bites mostly on the lower portion of the legs. “The biting house fly really is very different from the house fly. It Is somewhat stouter and is usually slightly larger. “When at rest, it carries its wings at a greater angle. Its slender but efficial beak, of which the tip is visible, serves to distinguish it at once. "Many different kinds of flies frequent outhouses besides the common house fly. One of the commonest of these is the lesser house fly, which is smaller than the house fly and has a more pointed body. ‘‘This fly has a curious habit of flying in an angular course beneath a chandelier in the cented of a room. "Then there is the stable fly, which is almost exactly liek the house fly. Another common fly in houses, especially in cool, damp cellars. is the large and hairy blue bottle.” Is a Chinese born in the United States a citizen of the United t States? i Yea.