Indianapolis Times, Volume 41, Number 251, Indianapolis, Marion County, 28 February 1930 — Page 8

PAGE 8

SCRIPPS-HOWARD

The Right to Work The Communist unemployment demonstrations in hall a dozen cities from coast to coast are not dangerous. The unemployment situation behind the demonstration is dangerous. No amount of police clubbing of Communists is going to solve the unemployment problem. The Communists are infinitesimal in numbers and influence in this country. They could be wiped out tomorrow—as so many conservatives hope they may be and the political, social and industrial conditions of the country would not be altered a particle. There is something at onoe sinster and pathetic in the idea of some American officials that It is a crime to mention the word unemployment. They are like the people who would fight an epidemic by denying its existence. Agitators do not cause unemployment. Unemployment causes agitators. Why shouldn t it? The right to work is inalienable. If a man can not find work and if his family is hungry, what do we expect him to do? Make a speech on the blessings of prosperity? If the unemployed do no more than parade to a city hall and plead for help, a city is lucky. The police should be glad that the weak and hungry are expressing their protest in such harmless manner. The trouble with us in America is that we have been self-righteous about our national prosperity for so long we now can not think straight and feel straight on the * lbject. We are acting as though a man out of work is a leper or a criminal. The great army of unemployed today are not criminals. If anything criminal Is Involved, It is the system which has created them. The working people of this country were not made for our industrial system. The system was made for them. And, unless our system can provide steady work and a good living for the rank and file of the people, it is a rotten system, which some day will fall of its own weight. With all our talk about American efficiency, what are we doing to prevent this endless cycle of unemployment which swings back to mock our government and curse our workers periodically? In the hard times of 1921. a national commission was appointed so that the tragedy would not happen again, but even the mild recommendations of that commission never have been •cted upon. For years these mild recommendations for federal employment exchanges and statistics, and provisions for spreading construction work over lean years, have been before congress; but there has been no action, because the White House, the congress, the chambers of commerce, the boosters and the well-fed have been hostile or indifferent. Meanwhile, every year the unemployment problem grows more serious, as the advance of machines scraps human labor. At our recent peak of prosperity, the unemployed numbered from one and a half to three millions And now, during the temporary industrial recession, no man knows whether the number ts four millions, or six, or seven. We can not know thp facts, because we are the only great industrial nation in the world which fails to gather federal unemployment statistics. Today we can only guess at the truth from the reliable New York state figures, which show that, this winter is the worst—except 1921—in fifteen years. Wc believe American conditions are fundamentally sound, that, the potentialities of prosperity for ail the people are greater in this land than in any other; but no prosperity is strong enough to withstand the creeping disease of unemployment, unless the political and industrial leaders fight that disease honestly, intelligently, and courageously. With the coming of spring we are passing out of the worst part of the depression, but depression will come atjain and again, next winter or the following, unless we face and begin to conquer this industrial blight. Indifference in this hour is treason. The millions of men walking the streets today have a right, to jobs. They should demonstrate. They should agitate. They should endeavor to awaken the government to its responsibility.

Trouble on the Horizon Disarmament and prohibition. These are the two subjects which contend for primacy in the public eye at this season. They are brought together in a singularly interesting way in connection with the problem of the Canadian border. One of the stock arguments used by the partisans of disarmament is the unfortified Canadian boundary line. For more than a century it has been the symbol of peace between two great nations. It has come to be taken for granted that serious collisions between Canada and the United States are out of the question. Prohibition enforcement has changed all this. Instead of 3.000 miles of eternal peace, the border has been changed into 3.000 miles of perpetual invitation to friction and dispute. Prohibition officers have slain numerous Americans, supposedly bootleggers, on their way from Canada to the United States. Suppose they should slay an innocent Canadian. The degree of international excitement which can be aroused under the right circumstances when only one life is involved is well illustrated by the famous Caroline incident of 1837. In 1837 there was in progress a temporary insurrection in the province of Ontario. Many Americans sympathized with the insurgents and the feeling along the border was tense. C . the night of Dec. 29. 1837, the American steamer Caroline crossed the Niagara river with supplies destined for W. L. Mackenzie, leader of the rebels. The Canadian regulars discovered the Caroline, boarded her, killed one of the crew, Amos Durfee, and sent the Caroline over the falls. Great excitement followed, Americans clamored for revenge and President Van Buren immediately demanded that Great Britain make reparation. While negotiations were pending, a Canadian named Alexander McLeod, came over to the American shore and boasted that he had killed Durfee. He immediately was seized, indicted for murder, and thrown into Jail. The British government demanded the immediate release of McLeod and for a time it looked as though there might be war. Better judgment prevailed, however. and ultimately McLeod was acquitted and the British assumed responsibility for destruction of the Caroline. Already frantic partisans of prohibition are declaring that the Canadian border must be made a 1,000-mile battle front. What if, to their increased

The Indianapolis Times (A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER) Owned and published daily (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Co., 214-220 West Maryland Street, Indianapolis, Ind. Price in Marion County, 2 cents a copy; elsewhere, 3 cents—delivered by carrier. 12 cents a week. BOYD GORLEY. ROY W. HOWARD. FRANK G. MORRISON. Editor President Business Manager PHONE—Riley 5551 FRIDAY. FEB 28, 1930, Member of United Press, Scripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way”

anxiety to cut off the flow of booze, American officers shoot down some Canadians who are later proved to be in no way offenders? Will the Canadian government and the Canadian people view the spectacle with the same complacent equanimity with which Mellon, Lowman & Cos., and the federal district attorneys have looked upon the shooting of obviously innocent Americans? Suppose, some balmy summer night, a party of Canadians are cruising quietly in border waters and do not hear the warning challenge of a border prohibition agent. Suppose that the craft is riddled, as was the Black Duck, and the occupants shot. There may be no liquor. Indeed there may be signed temperance pledges in the pockets of some of the dead, who may turn out to be an outing group from a local Y. M. C. A. Will the Canadian authorities send their congratulations to the firing squad which has sent their fellow citizens to eternity? Will Canadian opinion calmly acquiesce in the decision of the federal prosecutor that the border patrol had done nothing more than their sworn duty? To ask these questions is to, answer them.

“Arousing Controversy” Public resentment of prohibition invasions cf American civil liberties apparently is beginning to get under the skins of enforcement officials. That is about the only conclusion to be drawn from the letter of Attorney-General Mitchell to a senate committee opposing drastic provisions in the Howell prohibition bill for the District of Columbia. The How r ell bill would permit the issuance of search warrants for private dwellings upon information of a still In the house or that liquor had been taken to or from the premises. Mitchell objects to this because it is so much more drastic than the federal prohibition law, which allows searching of dwellings only If there be proof that liquor is being sold therein. He damits that, certain states have more drastic search laws. He does not argue that such drastic law's are w-rong as such. He does not even argue that the District of Columbia never should have such a law. But he is opposed to it only for the moment—or so he says—and for a special reason. Says Mitchell: “Furthermore, in my judgment, effort to improve enforcement of the national prohibition act may better, be expended, at least for the present, in other directions than in an attempt to make more drastic the provisions for searching private dwellings—an attempt which would arouse controversy, with doubtrul results.” At last government officials have discovered that invasions of civil liberties will "arouse controversy” and thereby produce “doubtful results.” Our three stock jokes are about marriage, booze and the Scotchmen, says a magazine w'riter. He must have forgotten about used razor blades. A woman. 74, is just starting her fourth semester m an Ohio college. Maybe some football player’s wife. New automobiles are being built with a frontwheel drive, but the car still is operated largely from the back seat. Men are returning to long beards, says a dispatch from London. A man has to have some protection from these ambitious ladies. Young De Rivera of Spain, instead of resorting to the sword for vengeance, used his bare fists the other day. But isn’t, the use of fists a penitentiary offense In Spain? An explorer wants a balloon with which to penetrate the mammoth cavern of New Mexico. And how about a submarine to scale Mt. Everest?

REASON By FREDERICK LANDIS

THE truth is out at last. The political prophets inform us that Mr. Coolidge’s trip to Los Angeles means that he is going to run for president in 1932. And this isn’t all: we happen to know that he went out there to ask Aimee McPherson to place him in nomination. 808 If he ran put this over, he next will try to get Charlie Chaplin to consent to serve as secretary of state and Bull Montana to represent us as ambassador to the court of St. James. Then he figures that if he can get the support of all the estranged husbands and wives at Hollywood he can carry California by a million. Avery shrewd man, this Mr. Coolidge. 808 Since everything that comes out of the Russian capital is censored strictly, you can take with a grain of salt these reports which purport to come from Moscow to the effect that the government is confiscating ill the churches and turning them into clubs and warehouses. B B B SINCE last spring you've heard the senate debate farm relief. Bingham, booze, Vare. the com borer, Grundy, public utilities and Chief Justice Hughes, but you haven’t heard anything yet. Just wait until the senators unlimber to converse about the London naval conference and after that the world court. It’s a safe bet that Mr. Hoover never will call another extraordinary session of congress without first taking out tornado insurance. BBS We hope Senator Norris of Nebraska doesn’t get across with his demand for another investigation of prohibition enforcement, for there are too many rings to the congressional circus as it is. If this epidemic of grand juryitis continues at Washington, we should amend the Constitution and send four senators from each state, two of them to investigate and two of them to legislate. b b n AS these English statesmen continue to buffalo our innocents abroad at this London powwow, how one champs the bit because Mr. Hoover didn’t send Mayor Big Bill Thompson as the head of our deletion. Bill would have taken King George’s clothes, locked him m a cage and fed him through a wicket until he :ame to terms. a a st This report that Princess He ana of Rumania has tied a can to the German count makes one wonder if she still remembers that C’llver cadet who did such a s:o<xl job of selling himself when she was in our midst. BUB Mussolini plays the fiddle, and while we don’t know vhat other fellows are in the orchestra we do know that the king plays second Addle.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

Whatever Else May Be Said for Our Form of Government, It Stands for Some Degree of Personal Liberty. , A NOTHER ministry forming in ' France; Another revolution in Santo Domingo; Another series of Communist demonstrations broken up by the J police; Another statement from Moscow denying religious persecution; Another warning against fake food and health propaganda in our schools; Another alienist explaining most everything on the ground of an Inferiority complex; Another mass murderer strutting ! his stuff before the public; ; Another insurance expert predicting that New York is headed for the bow wows, not oecause of crime, j corruption or Communists, but beJ cause it has gone skyscrapper crazy. B B B Why say history never repeats itself, or that one day is not much like another? Great changes have occurred, to be sure, but superficial, rather than basic. In the deeper sense, progress not only is slow', but subject to im- ; pulses and recations as old as the : hills. | To let "'kov tell it, Russia has 1 become purely rational and scienj tific, but what about the crowds j that worship at Lenin’s tomb? No | rabbis, priests, or mullahs pimished, ; except for violating the law, which j sounds fine, until one remembers : that the law has been so arranged ! that they could not perform their duty without violating it. bbb And This Is Tolerance CiOMPLETE religious liberty, ex- < cept that no child under 18 ! years of age can be taught any form ; of religion outside the home. Churches, synagogs and mosques ; granted complete freedom except i that they can not engage in any ; social, educational or charitable work. Clergymen not interfered with except that they enjoy no civil right, can not send their children to school or get ration cards. Tolerance, thou art a jewel. bbb Two Jewish rabbis quoted as condemning the outside world for its protests in favor of religious liberty, praising the Soviet as the first government to grant Jewish equality and the only one discouraging anti-Semitism. Who supposes that they ever made such a statement of their own free will? Whoever put In their mouths, or forepd them to indorse it, was superlatively ignorant of conditions prevailing in America. This country gave the Jew his chance before Marx or Lenin was born. So. too, this country permitted half a dozen Communist communities to show what they could do without let or hindrance, before the word Bolshevist was coined.

Some Liberty Left WHATEVER else may be said of our form of government with its uneven distribution of wealth, vested interests and the eighteenth amendment, it still stands for a degree of personal liberty, which the Russian regime has failed to visualize, much less to guarantee. More than that, it promises just as much toward abolishing poverty. We have too many poor, it is true,; but we have not yet fallen for the j sophistry that we can ameliorate j their condition by making every- j body poor. We have seasonal and sectional spasms of intolerance, also, but not | to the extent of evicting several j million farmers, and then denying them a chance to work. Occasionally, we permit ourselves to become infatuated with some < radical, or revolutionary, piece of idealism, such as putting old John Barleycorn out of business over night, or bringing about world peace through the easy method of signing agreements, but we have always had sense enough to realize that no unproven reform is worth the price of scrapping civilization. B B B Doing Fairly Well THIS America of ours is admittedly not all it should be, and not all we hope to make it, but thus far, and in comparison to most other countries, it has done very well. One could wish there were less crime, less hunger, less prejudice, but ordinary intelligence suggests that there is a profound difference between wishes and their accomplishments. Room for improvement does not mean that it can be made too fast, or too impulsively without grave risk. Neither is tolerance the exclusive property of reformers. We are apt to associate narrowness and fanaticism with those opposed to reform, but some of the worst cases have been brought on by those who wanted it. Who is the secretary of the board of trustees at the Indiana state farm? How do candidates go about filling their candidacy for justice of the peace? Will their be any candidates for that office in May? Gaylord Morton, secretary to Governor Leslie, is secretary of all I penal institution boards. File with the county clerk before April 5. There will be vacancies for justice of the peace officers in every township in Marion county. Is insanity sufficient ground for divorce? If both parties are sane at the time the marriage contract is entered into, one party losing his mind a period of time thereafter, action for divorce cannot be based on insanity. However, if it can be proved that the party was insane at any time before marriage, or at the time of marriage, the marriage can be annulled.

There’s Only One Real Kick Left!

BOSS. DER BANE YEH? HURRY WHO? HE'S CIRCLING HURRY—AN' KISS 'IM FOR ME RUDY VALLEE IS COMING DOWN THE HALL!!! HI BOSSTHERE'S

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Body Can Stand Extreme Cold

BY DR, MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygela, the Health Magazine. DEATH from exposure to cold occurs fairly frequently in the temperate zone. The mortality ranges anywhere from 200 to 400 deaths a year in the registration area of the United States. In Canada and Alaska, illnesses and deaths from cold may be even more frequent. Recently. Dr. S. W. Britton has made a special survey of the relationship of cold to life and has discovered some extremely interesting facts. It has been found that some fish can survive exposure to sea water at temperatures from 10 to 12 degrees below zero for several hours. Under such circumstances, the fish gradually lose all sensibility and finally appears to be frozen stiff. The heart itself stops. The animal may be practically frozen to death for a brief period, then the temperature of the surrounding water increased and it comes to life.

IT SEEMS TO ME By HEYWOOD BROUN

THE drys are having a Turkish teetotaler brought over here to promote the cause of temperance. At least I saw it in the papers. This is what I read: “Istanbul, Feb. 13.—'One hundred and fifty-six years old and never took a drink,’ is the boast of Zaro Agha, Turkey’s longevity champion, who will abandon a job as doorkeeper at the city hall here at the end of April to sail for New York at the invitation of the American Anti-Alcohol Society. “The society intends to exhibit the aged man throughout the United States, calling attention to the teetotaler’s mental and physical vigor. Zaro, who has buried eleven wives, will leave his twelfth at home when he embarks for America.” a an Skeptical OF course a story of this kind leaves me a little skeptical. Zaro Agha may turn out to be the name of anew tooth paste or probably the dispatch is a preliminary puff for something novel in the way of motion pictures. But I hope that Zaro really is as old as he asserts, and that he veritably 1 is coming to these United Spates. His visit should furnish excellent propaganda for the wets. I’m thinking chiefly of the woman vote, which is said to be the very backbone of enforcement. Teetotalism may have been good for Agha, but just look at what it has done to practically all the women with whom he came in contact. Feminism is not yet rampant in the east. Istanbul harbors no local chapter of the Lucy Stone League. If Zaro disliked liquor it is fair to assume that his wives just naturally abhorred it. At least, they got none. And they pined away and died. The mathematical problem involved in figuring out the average longevity of Mrs. Agha (1 to 11, inclusive) presents difficulties. The old gentleman evidently is a marrying man, but there is no sure way of telling just when he started. Possibly he is a believer in long engagements. His life would rather justify him in saying, “Oh, what’s the rush?” a a a His First 1 I Do’ ON the other hand, the climate of Istanbul in conductive to early maturity. It seems to me that It is reasonable to suppose that Zaro Agha’s first “I do” was uttered when he had reached the age of 20. That would give him eleven wives in 136 years. Dividing 136 years by 11, we get twelve and an improper fraction, which may just as well be left out. And this means that the average Mrs. Agha enjoyed only slightly more than twelve years of bliss. But a truly scientific examination of the situation is partially blocked by another problem. To just what age to woman was the old tee-

As the animal returns to life, the i heart beat appears first, and then j breathing, then vision, then the I ability to maintain a proper position ; in the water and finally the ability to swim. It even has been found that the heart of a fish can be frozen for several hours at a temperature of —4 degrees Fahrenheit and yet after slowly thawing it will recover to natural rhythm. Tile human body is likewise able to withstand extreme degrees of cold under certain circumstances. Records have been made of instances in which drunkards have been exposed to extreme degrees of cold air and water for hours and still recovered. One drunkard whose body temperature was 76.4 degrees Fahrenheit and who had been exposed all night to air at about 21.2 degrees Fahrenheit, completely recovered. The individual’s temperature may fall considerably, and Dr. Britton provides records varying from 79.5 degrees Fahrenheit to 83.1 degrees, with recovery after treatment.

totaler most partial? If his first wife was 20, he might have then proceeded on, an ascending scale. Were Ia believer in Volsteadism, I might argue that most of the wives were 70-odd by the time the knot was tied. This would make each of them 82 at death, which is a fairly ripe age for any old lady, wet or dry. But to me this theory sounds unlikely. Dr. Freud has pretty well established the fact that love in human beings is bounded by some habitual urge which' is called an action pattern. If Zaro began with a 20-vear-old wife, he probably went on marrying 20-year-olders as long as the supply held out. Possibly after he passed the century mark he grew jpore critical. I imagine he may have said, “That old hag of 17!” when somebody mentioned Fatima to him in a serious wav on his 132d birthday. BBS Excess OF course, it may be that no Mrs. Agha arrived singly, but that they were honored with his good

Tunes Readers Voice Views

Editor Times—I read the article in The Times about firemen getting extra jobs when off duty and I do not think it would be amiss to have other people’s ideas on this question. I feel it is much worse for married women, whose husbands draw good salaries, to hold jobs, than for a man to attempt to make extra money. I have in mind now several

TODAY IS THE

MARY LYON’S BIRTH Feb. 28

ON Feb. 28, 1797, Mary Lyon, founder of Mt. Holyoke college. and a leader in the movement for higher education of women, was born on a farm in Franklin county, Massachusetts. While receiving her education at three different schools near her home, Miss Lyons observed that the courses of instruction were too intellectual and strenuous for “young ladies.” Resolved to start an institution which would meet the needs of young women of moderate means, she enlisted the aid of Edward Hitchcock, the geologist, and Miss Zilpah P. Grant, a teacher. Finally, in 1836, she incorporated a female seminary at South Hadley, Mass., and served as its principal for twelve years at an annual salary of S2OO. Her work at that institution, now known as Mt. Holyoke college, was an important step in the higher education c-f women.

Recovery in cases of exposure while drunk depends in large measure on the amount of alcohol taken, the resistance of the individual generally and the particular amount of cooling that he undergoes. Just as in cases of unconsciousness due to other causes, such as gas poisoning, sunstroke and many instances in which the circulation and respiration are greatly interfered with, artificial respiration may frequently be practiced with success. Warm baths or packs gradually increased to higher temperatures, and the drinking of warm fluids are valuable aids to resuscitation w’hen unconsciousness occurs due to freezing. For tills reason persons who seem to be dead from the results of freezing should not be permitted to pass away without any attempt being made to restore them to life. Just as people have responded to relief after electric shock or drowming after several hours, so also in freezing the attempt to resuscitate should be prompt and long continued.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those of one of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

name in clusters. The anti-alcohol crowd will picture him as rushing round to the stage door after a performance with six bunches of orchids and a set purpose to marry the pony ballet. Yet, even this, I think, will mar his usefulness as an advocate of abstinence. Such conduct in the eyes of Americans smacks just a little of excess. , Asa fair-minded debater, I must confess that if Zaro was one whose heart broke in all directions at the same time, the mathematical problem of female longevity involved is exceedingly complicated. Suppose, for instance, the senior class at Istanbul’s Rosemary Hall was asked, “What do you intend to do after graduation?” and every one replied, “Marry Zaro Aghan.” That, I admit, would throw our calculations all off. Nevertheless, I still contend that prohibition worked better for Zaro than for any or all the current Mrs. Aghas. I think most of them would have been delighted to see the return of the old saloon. fCopyright, 1930. by The Time*)

women who work every day and whose husbands make good salaries. If there could be a thorough search and all married women could be laid off, there would be more work for men, boys, and young women. AN INTERESTED HOOSIER. Editor Times—l believe the words of Christ when he told the rich man to sell all he had and give to the poor. In the campaign of 1928, prayers, not votes, of the Protestant people sent Herbert Hoover to the White House in a political landslide. Now a Cleveland panic, mixed with “Hoover prosperity,” has brought soup houses and little children are begging for bread. I think the Protestant ministers should set aside a Sunday to pray for relief. Then the poor man will not be compelled to give one day of his labor to help the unemployed, as was suggested this week. Then, I am sure, the Lord will stop this panic within a few weeks. GILBERT GAMBLE. Mooresville, Ind. When was the first rice grown in the United States? In the latter part of the seventeenth century, a vessel from Madagascar is said to have brought a sack of rice to Charleston. This yielded well, the culture spread, and eventually rice became the staple product of that state, until the Civil war. The cultivation of rice spread rapidly to most of the southern states. Is there a premium on the 1845 penny? There is a premium of 15 cents on an 1845 penny providing the coin is in perfect condition.

FEB. 28, 1930

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

Our Galaxy of Stars Is Only One of Matty and May Not Be the Largest. Milky Way or galaxy o: stars is only one of many ex isting in the vast stretches of space There are a million galaxies of star within the range of the great 100 inch telescope at the Mt. Wilsoi observatory, the largest telescope 1i the world. It is impossible to tell how man\ galaxies will come within the range of the 200-inch telescope when it is completed. Perhaps the number will be 5,000,000. It may be that the number ot galaxies in the universe Is Infinite, literally stretching out through infinite space forever. The largest of these galaxies measured so far is about one-sev-enth the size of our own. the one in which our sun and earth are situated. But there is no reason for supposing that this is the largest one. There may be galaxies out in space as large as our own and even larger. In fact, recent measurements of the velocities of distant galaxies lead some astronomers to conclude that somewhere in space there must be a super-galaxy, much larger than our own. These facts constitute the most striking and amazing brought to light in modern astronomy. They represent the achievement of many astronomers, both in America and in Europe. Foremost American pioneers in this field have been Dr. Edwin Hubble of the Mt. Wilson observatory and Dr. Harlow Shapley, director of the Harvard observatory.

Spirals THE stars which shine to the heavens constitute our galaxy. At first astronomers thought this was all that existed. But later they found that the stars constituted a system confined to a certain portion of space, while other objects lay far out In space beyond this system, or galaxy, of ours. These objects are the so called spiral nebulae. They are invisible to the naked eye, but in the telescope look like whirling spirals of luminous cloud-like material. They appear very much like the pinwheels shot off at Fourth of July celebrations. There was much speculation about their nature. Finally, some astronomers suggested that they might be other galaxies of stars, so far away that they appeared condensed into luminous cloud-like stuff. Dr, Hubble has proved that actually is the case. He turned the big 100-inch telescope on the outer portions of the nearest of these spirals and took photographs with exposures of several hours. The resulting photographs showed that the outer arms of the spiral were actually composed of 6tars. During a visit, to Mt. Wlison observatory I spent a night looking at the spiral nebulae through the 100-inch telescope, and as the huge telescope was pointed first at one and then another. Dr. Hubble outlined his views for me. The 100-inch telepscope differs from the more familiar sort of telescope in that it has a mirror at the bottom of the tube, instead of a lens at the top. The observer, instead of looking into an eyepiece at the bottom of the tube, looks into a.n eyepiece set in the side of the tube at its top The telescope is called the 100Inch because the mirror is 100 inches in diameter. This mirror weighs four and a half tons. It is set at the bottom of an open-work tube of steel, which is forty-five feet long. The tube, mirror and other parts which have to be moved as the telescope is used, weigh 100 tons. a a a Beyond THE telescope stands in the center of a. great dome which is one hundred feet high. The observer stands on a platform which is hung from the top of the dome. Motors move this platform so that when the telescope is pointed at an object, the platform can be brought alongside the telescope’s top to permit the observer to look into the eyepiece. And so, as the motors pointed the great telescope and moved the platform across the great dome. Dr. Hubble discussed these distant galaxies. “The nearest of these galaxies is hundreds of millions of light years away,” he said. “That is, they are so far away that it takes the light from them hundreds of millions of years to reach us. ' The speed of light is 186,000 miles a second. "Only a handful of them are near enough to analyze in detail, but it Is fair to assume that the others resemble them in general but are farther away. “In analyzing these near ones, I find the same sort of thing which is found in our own galaxy of stars. For example, there are the same sort of giant blue stars and the same sort of variable stars. “By comparing the brightness of stars in the nebulae with that of similar stars in our own system, we can estimate the distance of these galaxies from our own. “We find that the average diameter of these galaxies is about 10,000 light years and that there are fewer than 100 of them within 3,000,000 light, years of our own universe. “There are a million of them within the range of this big telescope. “What Is beyond we do not know.”

Daily Thought

Therefore thou shalt love the Lord thy God. and keep his charge, and his statutes, and his judgments, and his commandments, always.—Deuteronomy 11:1. # # # Love is the road to God; for love, endless love, is Himself.—Sonnenberg.