Indianapolis Times, Volume 41, Number 249, Indianapolis, Marion County, 26 February 1930 — Page 4

PAGE 4

SCRIPPS—HOWARD

The Study of Crime Distribution by the Governor Leslie crime commission of an attack upon the movies, and especially upon Will Hays, will add little confidence in the work of that body as contributing much to the solution of the real problem of crime and its cure. That the attack was particularly virulent and prejudiced may be discarded. The truth, nf course, is that Hays has done a great deal to create higher standards of entertainment, has done much to eliminate objectionable features, has accomplished much more than could have been done by official censors, whose judgment was invariably biased. Official censorship had failed. There were no fixed standards, even were the fundamental objection to censorship as un-Ameri-can and paternalistic to be disregarded. Censors in one state barred some things that were praised by others. Force as a means of either culture or the protection of the pure in mind failed, as force always fails to accomplish anything of permanent value. That the Indiana crime commission can see nothing more in the crime problem than the influence of the films upon young minds, and perhaps the building of bigger and stronger prisons, with more severe sentences, is startling. A real study of crime would go much deeper into the causes of human conduct than the effect of a picture upon the mind. It would investigate the effect of heredity upon character. Most of all, it would inquire into the environment in which crime is fostered. The effect of unemployment upon the number of crimes w T oukl be much more illuminating than a diatribe against the movie czar. The effect of undernourishment, of squalid housing, of inadequate clothing, of poverty in its varied degrees, should be analyzed. It is important to know’ the reason for a growing disrespect for laws and courts. An inquiry into the manner in which the right to a speedy and impartial trial is protected by courts might give an answer. There was crime long before movies were invented. There will be crime as long as leaders in the movement to discover its cause disclose themselves as stupid. Dollar Wheat Dollar wheat has become a reality. Future quotations, which have been tending downward In recent weeks, were in some instances forced under the dollar mark in Tuesday's trading at Chicago. Other eereal prices fell in sympathy. Cotton is at the lowest point in many months. Farm relief has not materialized more than a year after the election in which it was the main issue. The tariff measure, which was to be revised to help agriculture, has not yet been passed. Maneuvers of the federal farm board have been ineffectual in keeping up the prices of the country’s two major crops—wheat and cotton. Purchases of grain by co-operatives, financed with government funds, have been relatively unimportant when the county's entire crop is considered, to say nothing about the world crop. It becomes increasingly clear that extension oi any genuine relief to agriculture will be a long and laborious process, involving the all-important problem of checking overproduction. The current collapse of farm prices may have farreaching effects. First, it will curtail the buying power of a fourth or a third of the population. Second, the so-called agrarian revolt, calmed by election promises, may flare up anew when farmers take their wheat and cotton to market. Asa matter of fact, there wasn’t much the government could have done about it. That, however, does not help the farmer’s bank account now. Keeping Out of Trouble President Hoover is to be congratulated on his temporary decision not to attempt intervention in the threatened revolution in the Dominican republic. It is to be hoped he will not be influenced by interventionists to change his mind. The outsider who interferes in a family quarrel is apt to get it in the neck and earn the lasting hostility of both sides. That is life, and it is international diplomacy This particular case confirms the general Idea '.at outside military intervention is a bad thing for ’1 concerned, for three reasons: First, intervention would injure American prestige .id business in that country. Second, it would reard the settlement of our Haitian problem and withdrawal of marines, which are hoped to result from :he work of the special Hoover 'commission now en route to Port Au Prince. Third, it would increase Latin American hostility to us, and thus threaten our Latin-American trade, which must be increased if we re to stabilize prosperity and solve our unemploymem "roblem here. Previous American intervention in the Dominican epublic led to atrocities—as in Nicaragua arid Haiti. But, eveirassuming that marine intervention could achieved and maintained without the familiar military abuses, intervention would be inexpedient. As demonstrated in the cases of Nicaragua and Haiti, once we are in it becomes almost impossible to get out. For instance. President Hoover has declared that withdrawal from Haiti is his definite aim, but the complications involved in such transference o 1 power and responsibility are so great that the marines probably will remain several years more. The same ia true today in Nicaragua, which is at peace. Though there is no need for American marines, withdrawal i> not in sight. When the marines were last in the Dominican

The Indianapolis Times (A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER) Owned and published daily (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Co., 214-120 West Maryland Street, Indianapolis, Ind. Price In Marion County, 2 cents a copy: elsewhere. 3 cents— delivered by carrier, 12 cents a week. BOYD GORLEY, ROY W. HOWARD, FRANK G. MORRISON. Editor President Business Manager PHONE—Riley 5551 WEDNESDAY, FEB. 26. 1930. Member of United Press, Scripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. "Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way"

republic, our intervention was so much resented that the life of an American was hardly safe. When the marines were withdrawn five years ago the American minister was subjected to insults whenever he showed himself outside the legation. But now, at last and after great effort, the nonintervention policy has won us the respect and friendship of the Dominicans. That friendship ts more than a valuable diplomatic asset. It has been a great boon to American capital there. Putting it no higher than a dollar and cents basis, the nonintervention policy has paid dividends. Therefore, the President is most wise in refusing to destroy such a profitable diplomatic and commercial relaitonshlp by shaking a mailed fist at the Dor deans. In any case, the present quarrel between two native political factions over the coming national elections is none of our business. Fortunately it happens that both factions are equally friendly to the United States. We have everything to lose and nothing to gain by taking a hand in the present trouble. The Federal Purse The President’s warning to leaders in congress against unusual or excessive appropriations for the fiscal year beginning July 1, apparently was largely precautionary. It does not indicate that a policy of ■ etrenchment has been adopted, that there is a crisis federal finances, or that there are to be drastic reductions in regular appropriations. The budget of $3,830,0G0.000 will be accepted by congress substantially as submitted by the budget bureau with the approval of the President. Prospective tax receipts will care for this outlay without danger of a deficit. What the President emphasized was that approval of numerous projects calling for the expenditure of hundreds of millions of dollars inevitably would mean an increase in taxes. There was, as a matter of fact, little likelihood that congress would have gone on a spending orgy, but the President has called attention forcefully to the fact that revenues and expenditures are approaching a level, and that the day of huge surpluses has passed. Government expenditures are mounting, and have oeen for several years. Apparently this tendency can not be checked. The Hoover budget, while $145,000,100 below actual appropriations for the current fiscal ..ear, was $50,000,000 more than the budget estimate of the year before. When deficiency bills are passed, and Items not in the budget are included, appropriations for the new fiscal year will no doubt exceed those for the current onp. Farm relief, flood control, public building, waterways development, and other enterprises have swelled the total. The treasury does not know, and can not know’ until Income tax returns are filed March 15, what the dock market crash and the slackening in business has done to federal revenues. A tax cut of $160,000,000 nas been voted and oresumablv this with the decline tn the prices of stocks, will mean that income tax collections this year will be materially below their 1929 peak. Payments in 1930 will be on 1929 income; two of the quarterly installments will fall in tills fiscal year and two in the next. More than half of 1929 was remarkably prosperous. Future government fiscal policies must depend upon the trend of business. The administration is exercising care, and properly so. For savings were attempted without success n the army. This year's supply bill is actually larger chan last year’s. Discouraging reports from the London naval conference indicate that congress may be ailed upon to approve huge appropriations for the construction of warships. Such extraordinary expenditures would necessitate an eventual increase in iaxes. Watching North Carolina The country will watch with interest the trial of rive Gastonia <N. C.) millworkers on a charge of conspiring to kill Mrs. Ella May Wiggins, who w r as shot to death while going with other workers in a truck to a labor meeting. The trial starts today at Charlotte. .An armed mob stopped the truck. When another car containing members of the mob accidentally ran nto it, shots were fired. The killing occurred in broad iay light and in the presence of scores of persons. It can not be told whether the five accused men are guilty or innocent, But it is necessaiw that the state of North Carolina find and punish those guilty of the crime. The state has been uniformly successful in prosecution of strikers, but seems to have been unable to punish any of those opposed to the labor movement, Unless the slayers of Mrs. Wiggins arc brougnt to book, the inevitable conclusion will be that North Carolina has one brand of Justice for workers, and another for the mill owners.

REASON

THAT simple tomb which nestles in the hillside of Virginia on the banks of the Potomac, where sleeps the Father of his Country, makes vain and vulgar those massive piles of stone and marble which house the ashes of later and lesser Americans. # # # In like simplicity rest his three great comrades. Thomas Jefferson is wrapped in the soil of his beloved Monticello. his grave marked by a modest shaft; Alexander Hamilton reposes in an unostentatious urn in Trinity church yard, while Benjamin Franklin lies beneath a plain slab in Pihladelphla. # # # They need no soaring obelisks. With fame secure, they sleep in the arms of ages. They were liberty’s indispensable friends. They turned the brightest page of history this world has even seen. They wrought not only for America, but for mankind. # # # BORNE by freedom's breath, the lesson of their lives lodged in the minds of far-off masses and inspired them to draw the sword of independence. The roar of revolutions has been their applause and the thunder of the Argonne was the echo of their philosophy. Through the days and nights of 100 years their lead hands have pushed tyrants from *heir thrones. They were God s architects of a better day. # # # Standing in the presence of these immortals, what an abyss we behold between their sacrifice and the selfishness of those who bend the law to fasten injustice upon their fellows! What sordid Vanda is those, who drive the brass chariot of Privilege across this nation’s soul!

By FREDERICK LANDIS

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy

SAYS:

Spying on Honest People to See Whether They Really Are Honest- Has Become a Fad. . r T''HE London Express says the i -*■ naval conference is dead. The Star says that such a report is premature, but that it is dying. Edwin L. James, writing in the New York Times, says that both statements are exaggerated, and that the conference has a good chance for success if each of the five governments concerned is given what it wants. England wants parity with the United States; France anything that will permit the carrying out of her full program; Italy wants parity with France, and Japan wants 70 per cent of whatever tonnage England or the United States is allowed If the success of the conference depends on satisfying these wants its failure would be no misfortune. * * * All this economy talk at Washington sounds like Coolidge. That is one weakness of the present administration. It wastes too much time trying to ape its predecessor. Besides, it is hard to reconcile such a sudden demand for economy and retrenchment with what the industrial conference was told the country needed last December. Putting that aside. Senator Glass of Virginia says that congress needs no advice about reducing appropriations, since it already has held them down to $28,000,000,000 below what the budget called for and President Hoover recommend-id. * 0 0 Signs of Intelligence NEW YORK police chaperone a Communist parade designed to protest against police brutality. That is what you might call heaping coals of fire on the Communists’ head. Also, it is what you might call a sign of dawning ir telligence. Give the boys and girls a chance to let ofT steam, and nothing untoward will happen. Tn’ to stop them, and you merely challenge the martyr complex which plays such a vital part in their philosophy of life. If they w r ant to parade, clear the streets and give them an escort. If they want to talk, provide them a forum. Asa general proposition, the police force, not only in New’ York City, but everywhere else, spends too much time regulating people. That is one reason why a young man like Texas Jim Bakerlein could commit ten or a dozen murders without the police knowing much about it until he tells them; why gangsters can sneak into a hospital room, as they did in Chicago the other night, fire thirty shots, and then escape in an automobile. *OO Spying Is the Rage SPYING on honest folks to see whether they are really honest has become a fad. The "constabule” hiding behind a bush to see if he can trap a speeder finds a sublimated imitation in the Washington snooper who serves one department by loitering around the offices of another. The United Press informs us that measures more drastic than those during the w T ar have been taken to protect United States senators who complain that they are being shadowed by spies. If we keep on. we will land where the Romans did. with a horde of bodyguards for every official. * 0 But cheer up! A General Electric engineer has invented a talkie film which can be used on a phonograph, which will last for two hours, and which you can carry around in your pocket, while a Vienna professor says that the growth of superfluous hair is determined by internal secretions and can be prevented through their control. What a world this wIU be if science realizes even hSlf its dreams. Vest pocket radios, a pill instead of a shave and sex predetermined by medical advice. Cost is the fly in the ointment. How can we pay the bill all this expertness forecasts, and how can we do any work if we take time to enjoy it? One shrew’d observer has predicted that civilization is driving us to a point where we will consist of nothing but minds to be carried about on stretchers. Query w-ho will cam’ the stretchers?

TODAY IS THE ANNIVERSARY of

“BUFFALO BILL’S” BIRTH Feb. 26

ON Feb. 26. 1846. William F. Cody, American frontier scout and showman, known as “Buffalo Bill.” was bom in Scott county, la. At the age of 14 young Cody became a rider of the “Pony Express,” a service which carried mails from St. Joseph. Mo., to Sacramento, Cal., 1,950 miles, by means of relays of horseback riders. When this service was discontinued, Cody became a scout and guide for the United States army during the Civil war. Cody was given his unique sobriquet “Buffalo Bill” in 1867, when he made a contract with the Kansas Pacific railway to furnish its employes with buffalo meat while the line was being extended. After serving in the Nebraska legislature he Joined the army again at the outset of the Sioux-Cheyenne war of 1876. In one engagement he killed Yellow Hand, the Cheyenne chief, in a personal combat. In 1883 he organized his famous “Wild West Show,” with which he toured this country and Europe. He died in Denver, Jan. 10, 1917.

Another Case of Defective Wiring

Tears Useful in Protecting Eyes

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, tbe Health Magazine. THE story is told of the chemist who said to his wife, “Your tears have no effect on me. I realize they are simply salt and water.” Tears are the means by which the eyes are kept moist in order that the delicate tissues of which they are made are preserved. If the eyes are not kept moistened constantly, their tissues dry and become an easy subject to attack by bacteria which come to them through the air. In a small bony niche on the side of the eye that is toward the nose is a gland that is called a tear gland. From this gland

IT SEEMS TO ME

FROM my dentist, Dr. M., I got a new slant yesterday on the life of Washington. And it was in every sense a constructive conception. Washington has always seemed to me one of the most attractive of our national heroes. I've thought of him as a man who was able to sweat for an ideal and still get a good deal of fun out of life. His scheme of things included pleasure. There is ample testimony that he was a superb host. His hospitality was at talented as his generalship. He was our first great country gentleman, and people went to spend a week-end at his estate, expecting to have a good time. George Washington was, among other things, the most athletic of the Presidents. I doubt whether any one who followed him into office could have stood against him for a round. He could have licked Coolidge and Hoover in the same ring. # # # Hearty AND so I like to think of him as a warm and hearty man. Unfortunately, many of the best-known portraits belie this. Most of the painters have emphasized his austerity. There is a grim look around the mouth. Moreover. I read some little time ago an account of a White House reception by a foreign visitor, who reported that Washington said hardly a word, and glowered throughout the elaborate function.

Times Readers Voice Views

Editor Times—l hear the park board has fixed the daily charge for playing golf at Riverside at 50 cents a day. What right has this board to take great tracts of park land and turn it over to a small part of our citizens and charge practically nothing for it? I am told that courses no better than that north of Thirtieth street charge $2 a day. The city has spent many thousands of dollars building this course and others. There are 160 acres of land in this course, worth more than $5,000 an acre. Under proper management, "This course ought to pay the city $15,000 a year. What is back of this? I am told two members of the board play at Riverside. Is this the reason for this cheap rate? Golf in private clubs costs members, with their original investment, their assessments and dues, from $5 to $lO a game. The city ought to charge at least $1 on its best course and let the members of the board play on one of the cheaper courses or give them passes, if they will do what they ought to for the taxpayers. I believe if Mayor Sullivan realized what is going on he would remove the men responsible for this situation. I understand he is a golf player, but is in a club where he is not putting the expense of his game on the taxpayers. It is all right to make good courses, and every course ought to

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE

six or more little tubes pass in the upper eyeball and convey the tears to the eye. On this same side is another tube known as the nasal duct which passes from the eye to the nose. Hence, whenever tears pour from the eyes the nose begins to run and the person who cries blows the nose frequently to take care of the excess fluid. When the amount of moisture is so great as to overflow, the excess goes down through the nasal duct. Most of the time, however, just enough moisture develops to keep the eye in the proper state of softness and luster. Occasionally one of the tear ducts into the nose becomes stopped as a result of inflammation or through

HEYWOOD BROUN

This impaired my notion of a completely zestful hero. I wanted to think not only of the Washington of Valley Forge, but of the Virginian w T ho won his way to honor and glory and came to sit in candlelight at a most pleasant table. I liked to think of the ruddy shadows which the little flames showed as one viewed them through the fine, old port. “A health to you, sir!” “And to you!” 0 0 Fellowship r T~'HE wine of fellowship passed around the table. We have had a stamp based on the story that Washington knelt, in the snow to pray during the bleak winter with his troops. Possibly, in years to come, there may be another celebrating the repeal of the eighteenth amendment, in which Washington is shown with his friends amid the kindliness of claret. And so, you see, I did not like to hear of him glowering and silent at the head of his table. Dr. M. set me straight on all this. Dr. M. is never silent. I get along with him as well as anybody is ever likely to get along with a dentist, now that I realize his questions are wholly rhetorical and need not be answered. After the bits are clamped down, he will say: “Did you really like the show, ‘Rebound,’ as much as

have a clubhoase as good as that at South Grove. Indianapolis ought to be made famous for its municipal' golf courses, tennis courts, baseball diamonds and football fields, but in expensive sports like golf the player ought to pay a commensurate fee. It is all right to have one lowpriced course for beginners and those of little means, but others should pay. TAXPAYER. Editor Times—Congressman Ludlow fears that federal commissions and bureaus will destroy our form of constitutional government. If he really believes that, he will vote against the $50,000,000 increase in federal aid for highways. The annual appropriation for this bureau has increased from $5,000,000 in 1917 to $75,000,000 in 1928. The present bill makes it $125,000,000. The law provides that the state must contribute 50 per cent of the cost of the road; it must accept the act of congress; it must have a highway department; not more than 10 per cent to be spent for engineering, inspection and contingencies; work to be subject to the approval of the secretary of agriculture, and Anally the road must be maintained by the state in default of which further aid will be withheld. Does Mr. Ludlow consider this federal bureau as a menace to good government? MICHAEL G. HEINTZ. 18 East Fourth street, Cnicinnati.

some foreign substance, such as a cinder or a hair, that gets into it. Under such circumstances, the tears accumulate constantly and it is necessary to have special medical attention to unblock the passage. The human being has in his body various factors of safety which enable him to protect his tissues in the presence of disease. When the eye becomes infected or inflamed, due to any cause, the chief symptoms are photophobia and lacrlmation. Photophobia is fear of the light. Because of the photophobia, the person is likely to keep the lids shut on an inflamed eye. Lacrlmation is the flowing of tears. The constant flowing of the fluid tends to neutralize inflammation and to keep away the infectious organisms and their products.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those of one of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude, of this paper.—The Editor.

you wrote that you did?” By now I’ve learned merely to brace myself and make no reply. But this time Dr. M. asked no question. Instead, he made a statement. “I saw his teeth yesterday,” he said. The doctor lias one of those active minds which skips over intervening details. Through violent pantomime with my right hand and shoulder I endeavored to indicate that I had not the slightest idea whose teeth he w-as talking about. 000 Washington's Teeth "’VT'ES,” continued the doctor, as X he heated one of his drills. “I was in the museum of the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery yesterday, and I saw George Washington’s false teeth. I’ve seen them many times.” “No,” he continued, just as if I had interrupted. “I don’t suppose they’d seem very good teeth, according to modem standards. “They didn’t have porcelain then; dentists didn’t—they didn’t really have what you’d call dentures. They carved them out of ivory. Os course, they didn’t know anything about suction.” Whether that great principle had to wait for Edison or Einstein, Dr. M. did not say, but prattled on. He did pause long enough to ask, "Does this hurt?” That, too, was rhetorical, for he appeared wholly inattentive to my gestures of assent. At that moment a day and a land which had no dentists seemed to me a pretty fair approximation for Utopia. (Copyright. *930. by The Tlmest

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FEB. 26, 1930

SCIENCE

BY DAVID DIETZ

Formation of Ring Scholar in the Shies Is Relieved Doe to Explosions of Stars. THE explosion of stars! That the theory held by modem astronomers to account for the formations of the ring nebulae. The ring nebulae are among the most peculiar objects to be seen ;n the sky. They look like the smoke rings blown by an expert cigar smoker. But it would have to be a gigantic smoker to blow such rings, for the diameter of these ring nebulae is milli'ns of miles. There always is a star at the center of a ring nebulae. And astronomers today believe that the “smoker” who "blew” the ring nebulae in each case was this central star. Occasionally, what the astronomer calls a nova, or new star, bursts forth in the heavens. This, of course, is not really anew star, but simply a dim or invisible star which has burst forth into new brilliance. Only a gigantic explosion of the star could account for such an increase in brillance. a * * Explosions IN most cases these new stars or novae are so far away that it. is impossible to get direct telescope evidence of exactly what is happening. The theory was advanced, however, that the ring nebulae must have originated from the explosion of these novae or new stars, the nebulous materia being material which was hurled out. of the star by the explosion and held in the ring formation by the gravitational pull of the star. That theory recently has been given brilliant confirmation by observers. In two cases, where novae were close enough to afford good observation, the formation of such ring nebulae has actually been observed with the telescope. It should be remembered that the ring uebulae. sometmes called the planetary nebulae, are one of three general types of nebulae observed in the heavens. The ring nebulae are within our own galaxy of stars or Milky Way. A second type of nebula within our own galaxy consists of irregu-larly-shaped masses of dust and gas called the diffuse nebulae. The third type Is the spiral nebula. The spiral nebulae lie far beyond the boundaries of our own galaxy of stars. Many of them, in fact, are themselves galaxies of stars like our own Milky Way, only smaller. a an Dark THE diffuse nebulae, as just, stated, are great clouds of dust and gaseous matter. It is impossible to estimate how many there are, since many are dark and hence can be detected only when they chance to be between us and a part, of the sky thick with stars. Then they become dark patches against the background of bright stars. This is one of the most spectacular facts brought to light in the recent study of nebulae within our own galaxy. This fact also explains one of the visible diffuse nebulae in our universe. It is known now that these nebulae are exactly like the dark nebulae and shine onlv by reflected starlight. This is confirmed by a number of facts. First we always find stars involved in these nebulae or located at conspicuous points near them. Second, there always is a definite relationship between the brilliance of the nebulae and the brilliance of these stars. Third, the nature of the illumination of the nebulae depend upon the temperature of the stars. In the case of cool stars, we get a mere reflection from the nebulae. But in the case of hot stars, the nebulous material seems to absorb the light from the stars and then as a result of this absorbed energy, to radiate a different type of light. But most of the nebulae in our own universe are warm. Astronomers believe now that all the dark markings to be seen with the telescope in the Milky Way consist of these dark nebulae which have gotten between as and the stars in the Milky Way.

Daily Thought

Wherefore is light given to him that Is in misery, and * 'e unto the bitter in soul. —Job 3:„y a a a The gods from heaven survey the fatal strife, and mourn the miseries of human life—Dryden.