Indianapolis Times, Volume 41, Number 236, Indianapolis, Marion County, 11 February 1930 — Page 4

PAGE 4

HOW KAD

Colonel Church’s Third Party Colonel Samuel Harden Church would have the political and party chaos now besetting the country cured by a “liberal party,” devoted primarily to an attack on prohibition and seeking to establish “religious, political and social liberty.” In his attack on the forces which rule through intolerance, Colonel Church has presented views which challenge attention. They should arrest public thought, and show to how great an extent elections, the choice of legislators and administrators, turns on the single issue of whether candidates are wet or dry. But Colonel Church offers no real solution for the existing party chaos. Republicans and Democrats are divided so hopelessly within their own lines, they meet so closely In their national and state leadership on major Issues of government, that both have ceased to represent a sharp choice between principles. There is real need of party reorganization In the country, and one of the new parties should be truly "liberal,” as another should be “conservative,” and a third possibly "radical.” Ostensibly we have such a division now, with the Republicans functioning as conservatives, the Democrats as liberals, and the Socialists as radicals. But that is a false division, for among Republicans the Norrises and La Follettes have no more in common with the Smoots and Grundys than the Walshes and Wheelers of the Democrats have with the Simmonses and the Robinsons. But liberalism must have more than one plank to its platform. It can not live on a liquid diet only, which spells the breakdown of any such liberal party as Colonel Church suggests. His line of demarcation calls for an anti-prohibition party, an anti-intolerance party. It is not sufficiently inclusive to pre-empt the liberal label. Euch men and women who are seeking the way to relief through liberalism would look among its leaders for such men as George Norris of Nebraska, the younger La Follette of Wisconsin, A1 Smith of New York, Pinchot of Pennsylvania, Walsh of Montana, Borah of Idaho, and many men whose fame is more than local, but who are great forces In their communities. On the prohibition issue alone as a test of liberalism many of these men would decline to go along with such a party as Colonel Church suggests. And on a party of liberalism built on economic principles—which, after all. are fundamentals of social liberalism —it Is difficult to think of a Norris, for Instance, or a Pinchot, going along with Colonel Church or Nicholas lurray * Butler, to cite another national figure who believes as does the head of Carnegie institute. In his agenda for a liberal party, Colonel Church iistg "religious, political and social liberty.” He is silent on economic liberty, which would fight the ourbon and monopolistic Influences which take no thought of public welfare. A liberal party founded solely on opposition to the dry law will not meet the nation's needs. But when such men as Colonel Church and those who sat with him at the New York meeting show clearly to what extent the wet and dry controversy is Influencing politics— unfavorably—they are entitled to appreciation from that great body of the public which believes In gcod government, and which wants the dry question settled Intelligently, not through zealotism, and removed for all time as a befuddling issue in great and small campaigns. The United States Supreme Court Many men wjho voted against Charles Evans Hughes when he was candidate for President —and who would do it again—now acclaim his appointment a chief justice of the supreme court. Which reveals their generosity of spirit. And their failure to understand Just what the United States supreme court has become. They voted against Hughes because they disagreed with his theory of government, because they felt that as President his instinct would be to serve the powerful special Interests rather than the average humble citizen. Examination of his career, his business and political associations, aroused this fear. Considering him as a member of the supreme court, however, these factors apparently are given no weight. The opinion appears to be that any eminent lawyer, If he be honest, is as well qualified as another to be a supreme court justice. The supreme court Is supposed commonly to deal merely with the Constitution and the law. The personal beliefs of the justices are presumed to have no weight. This notion continues In the face of six-to-three and flve-to-four decisions from the high bench. Must have been a nice point of law. says the average man. when he sees four justices disagreeing with the other five, and lets it go at that. Well, we’ve tried now and then to explain that it isn’t so simple. We've tried to show that a man appointed to the supreme court bench takes his private political views, his social and economic views with him and that in grave questions affecting the whole policy of the United States government he is conrolled tay these views. We do not quarrel with this; we simply say it is the fact There are plenty of historic incidents to prove it. Now and then the supreme court itself says just what we’ve been saying. The most recent instance occurred last month—Jan. 6. Justice Mcßeynolds was expressing the majority of the court's opinion. This opinion reversed one of t he court's own earlier decisions. For thirty years the court had held that the states had the constitutional right to impose certain taxes. Now the court was declaring the states do not have this constitutional t ight. Speaking of the earlier decision. Justice Mcßeynolds said: "The inevitable tendency of that view is'to disturb good relations among the states and produce the kind of discontent expected to subside after the establishment of the Union. The practical effect of it has been bad.” Further — "Primitive conditions have passed; business now is transacted cn a national scale. Avery large part of the country's wealth is invested in negotiable securitie* whose protection against discrimination, unjust and oppressive taxation, is matter of the greatest moment.” We are not concerned with the merits of the case, but simply with the ground on which it was decided. The ground Is not the United States Constitution. Nor is Justice Mcßeynolds—and through him the majority of the court-offering a lawyer's interpretation of any law. He is announcing a change in government policy. is saying that the government has tried one

The Indianapolis Times (A BCBJPPS-HOWABD NEWSPAPER) Owned and published dally (except Sunday) by Tbe Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos.. 214-220 West Maryland Street. Indianapolis, Ind. Price in Marion County, 2 conts a copy: elsewhere. 3 cents-delivered by carrier, 12 cents a week. BOYD GLRLEY. ROY W HOWARD, FRANK G. MORRISON. Editor President Business Manager ~ PHONE— Riley 3551 , TUESDAY, FEB. 11. 1930. Member of United Press, Scrlpps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way”

policy and now for “practical” reasons it will try another policy. You had thought only congress could do this. But the suprer.ie court hasn’t bothered about congress. It has remained the law! It has said what the government's policy shall be. Farm Leaders Get Lost Certain farm organizations are denouncing the senate for its effort to reform the high tariff bill which came from the house and from the senate finance committee. To what extent those organization officials who sent the recent bitter letter to the senate are representative of the attitude of the rank and file of farms on this particular matter is difficult for any one to say. At any rate, the protest is likely to be taken as representative. Certainly the Progressive-Democratic coalition, which after heroic struggle has removed some of the worst features of the bill, is able to take care of itself. But in the interest of fair play, it is perhaps not altogether out of place to point out to the farm organization officials that the Republican old guard which wrote the high tariff bill has a long record against actual farm relief, and that the PregressiveDemocratic coalition members have a long legislative record of friendship to the farmers. If these farm organization leaders think they can solve the farm problem by joining in a high tariff alliance with eastern industrial corporations, they are mistaken. At best, a high protective tariff on farm products can help only a minority of farmers at the expense of the majority. At worst, it can not help even a minority. Os more importance, such a farm alliance with industrial high protection can complete the ruin of the fanner as a consumer. The farmer is paying too much for the necessities which he must buy. But he will pay much more unless the senate Progressive-Democratic coalition is able to defeat the profiteering Smoot-Hawley bill. For decades the high tariff has been a snare for the farmer. Perhaps no one should blame the farmer now for trying to use that snare for his own purpose as a producer. But it simply can’t be done. Until the fanner looks as a consumer for relief in lower industrial tariffs, his plight is apt to get worse instead of better. Another D. A. R. Rebel Daughters of the American Revolution everywhere no doubt will give thoughtful attention to the reasons advanced by Dr. Valeria H. Parker of New York for resigning from the society. Dr. Parker is a nationally known authority on social hygiene, has been a leader in numerous welfare movements, and has held various public and quasipublic offices connected with social activities. She has not been in accord with policies of the organization for several years, she said, but had hoped vainly “that other members holding similar views might join in opposing use of the organization by persons not in sympathy with the liberty of thought and action for which the American revolutionists fought and bled.” She has several specific objections to D. A. R. activities. Among those activities are circulation of the now famous “blacklist” of persons to be banned as speakers before chapters, alleged support of big armament programs, suppression of freedom of expression by members, and attacks on various organizations in which she herself in active. The resignation of Dr. Parker recalls the famous controversy of two yeais ago in which Mrs. Helen Tufts Bailie of Massachusetts exposed the circulation of the D. A. R. blacklist, and waged a courageous fight against it. Mrs. Bailie, a descendant of Sam Adams, subsequently was expelled from the organization. Like Mrs. Bailie, Dr Parker believes the descendants of our revolutionary grandfathers have become reactionary, militaristic, and jingoistic, have lent themselves to use by professional red-baiters like Fred Marvin, and in general have been upholding the things that men like old Sam Adams so bitterly fought. Probably there are thousands of others in the ranks of the daughters who feel more or less like Dr. Parker, but who are less prominent and less articulate. Her action, like Mrs. Bailies rebellion, is a hopeful sign. The D. A. R. could be a potent force for constructive patriotism.

REASON B y F = CK

CHARLES E. HUGHES will make a good chief justice, but we regret that President Hoover did not appoint Oliver Wendell Holmes, since that would have crowned a distinguished career on the bench of his state and nation and given expression to the admiration the people have for the grand old man of America. 000 The personalities of most associate justices become submerged in the detached solemnity of the supreme court, and few can call the names of those who now constitute this tribunal, but Justice Holmes is known and loved for his vivid persistence in the expression of human rights amid the court's judicial apostrophes of materialism. 000 BUT there is another reason why we wanted to see Justice Holmes appointed. It is the last opportunity a President of the United States will have to appoint an ex-Union soldier to be chief justice of the United States. Those who wore the blue have filled with distinction every other public office in the country, but not one of them has been chief justice, although the confederate army has thus been honored by the appointment of former Chief Justice White of Louisville. Aside from White, they’ve all been civilians since Appomattox, Roger R. Taney of Maryland serving as chief justice until 1864, when Abraham Lincoln arose to spiritual heights therefore unknown in our political history by appointing Salmon P. Chase of Ohio, who as a member of Lincoln’s cabinet had plotted to defeat him for renomination. 000 Then when Chase died in 1873, a disappointed man because his great ability and the brilliant planning of his beautiful daughter, Kate Chase Sprague, failed to elevate him to the White House, President Grant passed over all his army comrades and named for the chief justice Morrison R. Waite of Toledo. 0 0 0 WAITE'S term was the beginning of colorless chief justices, he passing from the stage in 1888. being succeeded by Melville W. Fuller of Chicago, who was. appointed by President Cleveland. Fuller’s death in 1910 revealed that fame is most perishable, for when his body was returned to Chicago the event was completely obscured by the wild ovation tendered a pig-iron-headed prizefighter who arrived on the same train.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

Crime Continues to Monopolize the News, Just as It Did 25, 50 or Even 100 Years Ago. THE “Pig Woman” dies, and there are not only headlines |in all the papers from Maine to California, but crowds gather before the undertaking parlor where her corpse lies, in a vain effort to have one last look at it. All this | is done for no reason in the world except that she gained nation-wide notoriety as a witness in the unsolved Hall-Mills murder case. A New York woman shoplifter, 21 years old and sentenced to life imprisonment on her fourth conviction of felony, rouses such a storm of sympathy that the Governor of the state finds it necessary to intervene. Six convicts, on trial for murder in connection with the recent riot at Aubum, N. Y., plead that they were forced to join the uprising, by members of the Mutual Welfare League, an organization established on the theory that a certain degree of self-government would help improve discipline and promote reform among prisoners. A grand raid by Chicago police ! nets more than nine hundred vags, | yeggs, hoodlums and innocent by- : standers over night, 271 of whom are found to have criminal records, and thirty toting guns. earn Crime in Spotlight CRIME continues to monopolize the news. Just as it did twentyfive, fifty, or even one hundred years ago. The reason is not difficult to find. We still look on crime as entertainment, rather than a problem. Ten thousand years of poetry,' story telling and the theater have served to develop this most peculiar attitude. Newspapers picked up the vogue where makers of fiction and romance left off. Jesse James becomes a substitute for Robin Hood, Richard Reese Whittemore for Bill Sykes and Ruth Snyder for Lady de Winter. 0 0 To average people, crime is merely sin for which those who commit it should be punished. To average people the idea of vengeance is far more intriguing than the idea of social improvement or individual reform. To average people, the cause or circumstances make little difference, unless they are presented in a way that appeals to sentimentality. 000 Superstition Rife TIME was when average people felt much the same way toward disease, when the sick man was supposed to have been guilty of offending high heaven and when his malady was regarded as just retribution for something or other. Priest and witch doctor sought to cast out the devil with which he was possessed or appease the Deity he had offended. In spite of all its modem trappings and mechanical improvement, our penal system reeks with the same impotent superstition. 000 Punishment is made to fit the offense, as though some particular act of depravity, violence or emotion told the whole story. Death for the murderer, life for four felonies, a fine or a few months for misdemeanors, with paroles, pardons, honor systems and mutual welfare leagues to salve a conscience which lacks the hardihood to stick by the laws it has indorsed. 000 Satisfy Caprice MOST laws are designed to meet the requirements of anger, while most of our parole measures are designed to satisfy the capprices of a maudlin and undigested sympathy. One extreme feeds the other. First, and while still hot with horror, we treat ’em rough. Then we get sorry, though more for ourselves than those whom we have manhandled, and devise all sorts of schemes by which to reduce the penalty. At one end of the system, there is an electilc chair, a steel cage and life imprisonment. At the other, there is a multitude of exconvicts, excused after paying only a fraction of the penalty imposed. Over it all, rages a clash of conflicting and inchoate hopes, suppositions and sentiments. 000 Prevention Tried WE keep telling ourselves that much of the crime is due to mental disorder, that prevention is the most desirable thing, and that if the criminal-minded could be identified and treated while young they would be cured, or set apart as hopeless. To that end we have built many institutions for delinquent boys | and girls, but as prisons rather than hospitals. To that end we talk about separating and classifying prisoners, but scarcely with the idea of surrounding them with normal and natural conditions. With their food allowance increased from 21 to 26 cents a day, New York’s 6.300 prisoners enjoy the hope of a little butter for their bread, and a little sugar in their coffee. What are the cost of obtaining first and second papers to become an American citizen? For receiving and filing a declaration of intention (first papers) and isuing a duplicate thereof the fe*ls $5; for making, filing and docketing a petition for citizenship, and issuing a certificate (second paper) of citizenship, if the issuance of such certificate is authorized by the court, and for the final hearing on the petition, the fee is $lO. In what department of the government is the bureau of education? It is in the interior department. The chief officer, William John Cooper, is commissioner of education.

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DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Parrot Fever Is Strange Disease

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of tbe American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. THE United States government has prohibited the importation of South American parrots until we know more about the way in which parrots transmit to humans the disease called psittacosis. The occurrence of this condition is another demonstration of the fact that we are likely to contract diseases from all sorts of contacts and that it is not safe to demonstrate too much fondness for our animal neighbors. Psittacosis, as pointed out by Dr. T. G. Hall, has been known for a long time as a disease of parrots, but the first cases of pneumonia infection traced directly from parrots to man were described in 1879 in Germany. Similar conditions also occurred in 1382 and in 1886 and the first epidemic sufficient to attract attention

IT SEEMS TO ME

THE third volume of the life of George Washington, by Rupert Hughes, just has been isued. It is called, “George Washington: The Sartor of the States, 1777-1781.” This slightly early birthday present for the Father of His Country strengthens the impression that Hughes has done an extraordinarily painstaking and able job. It is monstrous that he should have been assailed so harshly as one who sought to bring discredit upon a great American. To some extent, this charge was made by orators and editorial writers who had not taken the trouble to read a line of the book. Those who actually did examine the biography, and still contended that this was mere muck-raking, must have been animated by a theory as to a historian’s function which seems to me indefensible. 000 Not Perfect Naturally, i do not mean that it is unreasonable for a critic to take issue with judgments and opinions advanced by this biographer or any other. I remember my own feelings m regard to an earlier volume in this particular life. Hughes intimated that there was good reason to suspect that Washington’s marriage might have been motivated partly by mercenary motives. As one who would not undertake to dogmatize on the marrying motivation of even my close friends, I am in no position to say with certainty that the author was on the wrong track. But it did seem to me that the evidence advanced was too slight upon which to build a surmise. Chiefly, Hughes was attacked, not on matters of opinion, but upon the statement of well-documented facts. He was scored roundly for noting that George Washington was a sincere and able drinker. Other critics were incensed at having it said that the general swore heartily upon occasion. The real backbone behind the campaign against Rupert Hughes and all “modern biographers” was the thought that some things should be left unsaid, even if true. Hughes has proceeded upon the opposite theory. “As we do not expect reverence from posterity, we need not offer it to our ancestry. 0 0 0 Too Good MY own interest and enthusiasm for both Washington and Lincoln is much more intense, now that I have had a chance to read the more critical biographies. There is no point at all in telling a little boy to take Washington as his model in life, and then going on to pretend that the hero was a mortal who never told a lie. The youngster who sets out to be another Washington is likely to quit and not even attempt the rudest approximation as soon as he finds that an altogether impossible mark has been set for him to shoot at. Possibly the present volume will arouse less resentment than the

Civic Art

occurred in Paris in 1892, and was traced definitely to parrakeets imported from Buenos Aires. The proof of the fact that human infection has come from the parrot depends on isolation of the germ from both the parrot and the affected human being. This was done in five human cases in one family in Florence, Italy, in 1895 and since that time in other cases throughout the world. In parrots, psittacosis is highly fatal, killing from 50 to 95 per cent of the infected birds. The disease can be transmitted from one parrot to another by infected feathers, food, water, dishes or the soiled hands of attendants. Mice or insects may carry the infection from one cage to another. When a parrot becomes infected, it gets weak, loses its apppetite, has diarrhea and is likely to die in a few days. Then the germs will be

HEYWOOD by BROUN

earlier ones. Washington come off magnificently in his role as general, although Hughes is pretty severe with many of our revolutionary forebears. Here and there attention is paid to the tactical errro-s of Washington, as advanced by some of the military strategists, but the summation must keep George Washington high in the list of inspired warriors. The very fact that he was harassed from the rear by profiteers and dolts and deserters heightens the sheer genius which enabled him to beat off a well-supplied and well-trained British army. In that century, at least, it was possible to gain victory with no preparedness save of the sort advocated by William Jennings Bryan However, the colonials who sprang to arms overnight, seem to have had a habit of springing back again the next morning. 0 0 0 As You and I THEY are not all consecrated heroes, and what good purpose is served by pretending that they w r ere? Every nation is too much in thrall to the dead hand of the past, and I would have pasted in the

Questions and Answers

What makes some cider light and some dark? The color 1b due to chemical changes in the fruit which set in as soon as the material is brought into contact with the air when crushed. The deepening of the color of the liquid continues so long as it is exposed to the air. Perservatives arc used in some commercial ciders which have a tendency to darken it. What are the weights for boxers and the champions in each class? Flyweight, 112 pounds, world’s title vacant; bantamweight, 118 pounds, world’s title vacant; featherweight, 126 pounds, Bat Battalino; lightweight, 135 pounds, Sammy Mandell; welterweight, 147 pounds, Jackie Fields; middleweight, 160 peunds, Mickey Walker; light heavyweight, 175 pounds, vacant, Tommy Loughran retired; heavyweight, more than 175 pounds, vacant, Gene Tunney retired. Who was the star in “The Green Hat?” Ruth Chatterton. What is the theme song of the motion picture, "Her Private Life?” “Love is like a Rose.” Who wrote the book, ‘The Mauve Decade,” and what does the title mean? Thomas Beer is the author. The book describes the closing years of, the nineteenth century, and as i mauve is a drab color it is used as a figure of speech for that period. Who were the Berserkers? Characters in Norse mythology who were warriors and fought with a frenzied fury. They could assume

found in practically all of its organs. As might be expected, a disease that can pass from parrot to man may also infect chickens, rabbits guinea-pigs. It is interesting that this disease which chiefly infects the intestinal tracts of birds strikes the lungs in man. In many instances the infection is due to the fact that the parrot is fed by the mouth to mouth method. Not infrequently, however, it occurs merely from handling the sick birds and not infrequently the person in a family who becomes sick passes the disease on with infected hands to other members of the family. Fortunately, this disease is rare in civilized communities, probably because parrots are not nearly so frequent as pets as are othef animals and birds, and probably also because the disease kills the parrots so rapidly that the likelihood of infection is lessened.

Ideals and opinion* erprrssrd !n this rolninn are thov* of onu of America’* most interesting writers and are presented without regard to tbrlr agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

front of each history book the line so often celebrated and illustrated by Rube Goldberg. "They all look good when they’re far away.” It should be the historian’s job to bring the great dead nearer. I would have even the moles. If the Golden Age always is to be regarded as the exclusive property of yesterday, progress must be stifled. If that temper is to be set up in any nation, there could be no salvation save through reaction. George Washington had his job to do, and did it well, but many things have happened in the years which lie between. We, too, have not been idle. Washington did not pause at Trenton to ask himself, “What would Julius Caesar have done under similar circumstances?” Ancestor worship is a sort of sloth. It involves dodging decisions with a lazy, “Oh, let George do it.” 'Cooyrißht, 1930. by The Times)

Daily Thought

As many as I love, I rebuke and chasten; be zealous, therefore, and repent.—Revelation 4:19.

He who is penitent is almost in nocent.—Seneca.

the form of beasts and could not be injured by fire or iron. How many gorillas are there In | the United States? Four. Bambu, a male at PhllaI delphia zoo; t.wo are in the hands | of dealers, and “N’Gi'' the fourth I was brought to the National Zoolog- | leal park, Washington, Dec. 6, 1928. I when 3 years old. Which Is the “port” side of a ship? To the left when facing the bow. Who was the first wife of Jack Dempsey? Maxine Wayne (or Gates), a former vaudeville actress. They were married at Farmington, Utah, Oct. 9, 1916, and divorced in Utah about three years later. What is the meaning of the name Gertrude? “Spear maiden” (Teutonic). Is loge or lodge the proper name for a box in a theater? Loge is a French word that is translated into English, lodge, but. box, etc. In French a “loge d*un theatre” means a box in the theater. In England and the United States the word loge is generally used to designate a stall or box above the orchestra level of the theater. During whose administration was the federal pure food law enacted? Theodore Roosevelt. Which United States battleship cost the most? The U. S. S. Maryland, which cost $23,000,000.

FEB. 11, 1930

SCIENCE

BY DAVID DIETZ Comparison of British R-101 With R-100 Sh-ows How Muck Progress Has Been Made in Airship Design. THE R-100, second of Great Britain's two giant Zeppelins recently took the air. To the layman the R-100 looks very much like her companion ship the R-101. The R-101, begun in 1926, .•as completed in 1929, making its initial flight in October of that year. The bui-’dlng of the R-101 was a useful but costly experiment for Great Britain, for, according to some British air experts, was obsolete befor it was launched. How much progress has been made in the design of airships can be gathered by comparing the R-101 with the R-100. Externally, the two ships appear very much alike. The R-100, the newer of the two, is twenty-three feet shorter. The R-101 is 732 feet long, the R-100 is 709 feet long. However the R-100 is one loot more in diameter. The living quarters are nearer the front of the big cigar-shaped envelope in the R-100. There is also an external difference in power equipment. The old R-101 has five gondolas, each with a propeller at the front. The new R-100 has only three gondolas, all situated toward the rear end of the ship. In addition each gondola has two propellers, one at either end. 000 Concave ANOTHER point of external difference is the way in which the coverings have been put on the big cigar-shaped frames. In the R-101 the covering is stretched tightly and smoothly over a framework consisting of thirty longitudinal girders. In the new R-100 there are only sixteen longitudinal girders. This means that the expanse of fabric between girders is much larger in the R-100. But in addition, by the use of wires, the fabric is pulled in between girders so as to be concave. The result is that the big bag, instead of presenting a rounded surface, consists of a series of concave panels. The designers, in explaining this radical departure, say that the fabric for the most part is subjected to suction by the air and not pressure. The concave design is to meet this suction. Critics have pointed out that no Zeppelin now in existence has panels as large as those of the R-100, and they doubt if the big bag will come through sustained flights without ripping. The builders, however, insist that the concave design will make the new bag more resistant to injury than the older types. These external differences, while perhaps hardly noticeable to an observer on the ground, are nevertheless large. But they are relatively slight compared to the internal differences between the two ships. The internal design and construction of the two ships are radically different. u n a Duralumin THE old R-101 is built mainly of stainless steeL The new R-100 consists of duralumin, the alloy of aluminum which combines the lightness of that metal with the strength of steel. The transverse rings in the R-101. the rings which tie the longitudinal girders together, giving the ship its main strength, are so strong that they require no cross bracing. In the R-100 these rings are lighter and braced by systems of wires running from the center of each ring to its circumference. R-100 also has one girder which runs straight through the middle of the ship from the nose to the tail This girder is at, the center of each transverse ring and the wires which brace each ring meet at this girder This girder also passes through the center of all the gas bags. Tt will be remembered that in a Zeppelin, there are a number of gas bags which are placed inside of the big envelop. The R-101 has five engines, one to each gondola. The R-100 has six engines, two in each of the three gondolas. It v. ill be remembered that each gondoia in the R-100 has two propellers. Each engine in the R-101 is capable of delivering 08>-hor; c power Each one in the R-100 is rated at 660-horse power. It is expected that R-100 will not only have a greater speed than that of the R-101. but will b*> capable of carrying a load of several more tons.

- 'T qo Ay -jM t nie -

EDISON’S BIRTH Feb. 11 ON Feb. 11, 1847, Thomas A. Edison, America’s great invenl tor, was bom at Milan, O. Most of his boyhood, however, was passed in Port Huron. Mich., where his family moved when he was 7 years old. Even as a boy, Edison had marked abilities in organization and invention. He started in business by selling newspapers on the Grand Trunk railway. In his leisure he occupied himself in a self-constructed laboratory in a freight car. It was here, too, that he printed, on his own initiative, a weekly of interest to employes of the railroad. After having attracted some attention by the invention of appliances in printing and telegraphy, which re studied at the expense of a station master whose daughter he saved from the wheels of an approaching train. Edison sold his ideas for $40,000. With this money, he established a laboratory of his own. Some of the major developments coming from that workshop were the telephone. incandescent lamp, phonograph and moving picture. The golden jubilee of the invention of the incandescent electric lamp was celebrated universally last year.