Indianapolis Times, Volume 41, Number 231, Indianapolis, Marion County, 5 February 1930 — Page 6

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America’s Riches There were 42,613 so-called millionaires in the country in 1928. according to statistics just released by the bureau of internal revenue. This number oi persons paid taxes on incomes ol $50,000 or more. The year previous the number was 33,695. Nearly 500 persons had incomes in excess of $1,000,-OC-0, ah increase of about 40 per cent over the year before. Taxpayers with incomes between $3,000 and $5,000 numbered 3.114,498 in 1928, compared with 1,209.345 the year before. Apparently those in the lower tax brackets increased their income that year as well as the very rich. Corporation earnings likewise showed increases. Stock market operations and sale of capital assets accounted foe much of the aggregate increased income. The picture is one of great prosperity, the greatest in the country's history. Asa nation we were richer than we ever had been, and richer than any other people before us. The year of 1928. however, was the peak of prosperity. Stocks were booming, factories were running at full speed, and the unemployment problem, generally speaking, v.as not acute. Since then the stock market has collapsed and there has been a slackening in various directions. Conditions during 1930 will not be the same as they were during 1923. The figures for 1928 are none the less interesting, as reflecting the trend of recent years, and there is little reason to believe this trend will change. Any gratification at news of our collective wealth should at the same time include consideration of its distributor—whether we have at one extreme great riches, and at the other poverty among large numbers. It is well to remember that the American Federation of Labor just has reported that 19 per cent of union members were unemployed during the first two weeks of this year, which was higher than any figure since 1927. Also that Labor Secretary Davis, in a recent speech, called attention to the fact that approximately 2.00C.000 wage earners are getting 30 cents an hour or less, which means that 10.000.000 people live on family incomes of sl3 a week. We have enough for all. It is important that each •hall get his fair share. Farm Prices Marked recessions in prices of wheat and cotton, the country’s two major soil products, emphasize the difficulties of the federal farm board in attempting to improve the condition of the farming industry. The maneuver of the farm board and the co-op-eratives failed to hold up the price of wheat, which tumbled 5 cents to establish a new' low record for the season. Cotton quotations Tuesday were at the lowest point since the record cotton crop year of 1926-27. Advances by the farm board to wheat and cotton co-operatives have not been so large so far, and lower prices do not threaten public money. Nor is there any evidence that the board intends to go into the present markets in an attempt artificially to elevate prices. The board continues its efforts to establish marketing organizations. In the final analysis, however, the success of the board and the whole farm relief program will be measured by the farmer's bank account after harvest.

Educating for Peace • Delivering a sermon in connection with the opening of the London naval conference, the Rev. Dr. Edwin Keigwin of the West End Presbyterian church of New York City offered the sage suggestion that war and peace are chiefly products of education. As long as we teach exuberant patriotism and hatred for other peoples, we shall have war, conferences or no conferences. If we desire peace, we can get it only by educating people to think in terms of peace and good will. “Primarily, war is due to a vicious system of education. Men must be taught to hate in order to fight. A warless age may be ushered in by anew type of education. When men learn peace just as they have learned war. the way to disarmament, the world court and all the rest will be easy. The moral equivalent for waging war will have been found in seeing the reasonableness of the waging of peace.’’ With that strange inconsistency and contradiction, so characteristic of America, we find in the same issue of the grca' metropolitan daily which carried the account ot Dr Keigwin's discourse, the announcement that: “A series of radio programs designed to ‘arouse patriotic instincts and promote greater honor to the American flag' in millions of children of thus country is scheduled to begin Feb. 4 over a network of the National Broadcasting Company, with Vice-President Curtis as the first speaker.” Other speakers will be Congressman James M. Beck, apostle of hate during the World war, and General Pershing. Nobody w ill be likely to deny the value of instruction in civic idealism among the youth of the land today. There is an alarming lack of appreciation of the duties and responsibilities of good citizenship on the part of young Americans. It may be doubted, however, whether any further frantic promotion of the flag cult is the proper way to deal with the situation. The flag cult, as currently practiced, tends to identify patriotism with the glory and sacrifices of wjr and with unthinking devotion to an emotionprovoking symbolism. Useful citizenship of presentday vintage must rest upon a recognition of the menace of war to all civilization, national and international. It also must be based upon reasoned insight into the problems of living well with others in organized community life. It must be more a matter of insight and rational conviction than of high blood pressure and a series of whoops. If one desires to promote sensible patriotism by means of a vigorous flag cult, then let us associate the flag with events and personages other than the leaders in deeds of valor on battlefields made possible by International and intersectional hate. We must hang our flags out on the birthdays of Horace Mann. E. L. Godkin. Robert Treat Paine, George William Curtis, Morefield Storey, and other eminent names in the history of the struggle for good citizenship in these United States as enthusiastically as we do on the birthdays of our military heroes. Then it may be possible to use the flag cult to promote at one and the same time the essentials of

The Indianapolis Times (A gCBIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER) OmiPd and publih<<i daily <*“X'v > pt Sunday! by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos.. 214-220 West Maryland Street. Indianapolis, Ind. Price in Marion County, 2 cents a copy; elsewhere, 3 cents— delivered by carrier, 12 cents a week. BOYD CURLEY, ROY W HOWARD, FRANK G. MORRISON, Editor President Business Manager PHDXE— Itlley s.Vil WEDNESDAY. FEB 5. 1930. Member of United Press, Scrlpps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Information Service ami Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way”

good citizenship at home and kindly feelings toward our fellow-men in other countries. The flag cult thus might render a noble and constructive service in the mass education of American children. But it is all too easy to permit it to degenerate into an agency for the creation of dangerous chauvinism. We must not allow it to become a juvenile halc--mill, disguised under the dignified cloak of patriotic instruction. Mexico Is Moving Like Herbert Hoover, the man whom Mexico will inaugurate today as president, Ortiz Rubio, is an engineer who has lived abroad much of his life. Unlike Hoover, he is a revolutionist, w’ho has fought in the civil wars and suffered in prison. But it is a somewhat mild and evolutionary revolution that satisfies the no-longer-young radical, now that the last remnants of the forgotten Diaz dictatorship are swept away. Ortiz Rubio announces as his major policies, payment of the American and foreign debt and no confiscation of land for the peons without compensation. Neither in foreign nor domestic policy will the new administration break with the immediate past. The incoming president is the logical successor of the martyred Obregon, of Calles, and of Portes Gil —he is more conservative than they only in the sense that he Is later and that all revolutionary movements tend to move toward compromise the longer they are in office. Calles and Gil sacrificed in part the spirit and finally the latter of the revolutionary constitution to make terms with Washington and Wall Street. Mexico had little choice. The same Mexican government which Hoover and Morrow found satisfactory and relatively stable continues in effect under Ortiz Rubio. President Gil reverts to the powerful post of minister of interior, which he held under Calles. The three remaining key ministers—foreign affairs, war, finance—have been reappointed. Since Ortiz Rubio’s predecessors have solved Mexico's foreign problem for awhile by entering a co-operative arrangement with Washington, the new president’s tasks are chiefly domestic. He must prevent recurrence of the military counter-revolutions, which have plagued his country almost every year since the overthrow of Diaz nearly three decades ago. And he must bring enlightenment and prosperity to the Mexican peons, who have starved w'hile foreigners profited in their land of riches. Those two tasks are tied together. Civil war has delayed the elaborate projects for socialization and progress. Peace is the price of prosperity. The unsuccessful military rebellion of last year is partly responsible for the present hard times. Other factors are the low price of silver and sharp decline in agricultural and petroleum production. Despite economic depression, however, there Is financial improvement, due to government economy and improved efficiency. Almost $10,000,000 in cash has accrued in the national treasury, permitting service on the foreign debt and purchase of land for distribution to the peasants. Mexico is on the make. Given peace at home and a live-and-let-live attitude by her American neighbor, nothing should stop Mexico in her upward swing. This limitation of arms they are talking about doesn’t extend to sorority and frat affairs, does it? Several ol our leading senators seem to have soured a little on the sugar tariff question. The fellow next door thinks a revenue cutter is a man the government employs to cut whisky.

I x \ FREDERICK REASON B >- LANDIS

WHEN Taft was governor-general of the Philippines he used to refer to the natives as our Little Brown Brothers, but out in California they are not mentioned in such endearing terms at the present writing. They represent all the racial and economic objections which induced this country to exclude the Chinese and Japanese, and the present conflict on our western coast brings Filipino independence to the front. a an Even if the government at Washington should decide to turn the islands loose we should retain a strong naval base on the island of Luzon, for if we are to participate in the vast commerce of the Orient we must be in shape to protect it, if necessary. Certainly we are entitled to this much in return for the lives and labor given over there. a a a THERE'S something defective in our mental machinery which prevents our escaping destruction by leaping from automobiles w’hen we see ourselves siiding into the trap. Day after day we read of motorists who have been killed in cars which slowly skidded.before approaching trains, there being ample time for all to get out, but the hinges of our brain cell doors appear to need lubricating. 88 8 • The newspapers of California are the last word in loyalty. They flash across the front page wild stories of floods and crowded morgues in this section of the countries, but print the stories of their own earthquakes very obscurely on the inside pages, but just the same those earthquakes shook things off the mantel pieces and shook the inhabitants out of their slumbers. 8 8 8 The passage of this bill introduced by Representative Stone of Oklahoma which would cause all officials receiving money out of the United States treasury to take an oath that they don’t drink liquor would do one ol' two things—it would cause a lot of perjury or a lot of resignations among senators and representatives. However, the bill will not pass. 8 8 8 THE United States, Great Britain, Japan, France and Italy all sign the Kellogg treaty, solemnly vowing that never again will they go to war and now they wrangle at London in their refusals to put aside the implements of war. It’s a great jcke. It s as if five leading citizens should solemnly swear off drinking liquor, but refuse to dismiss their bootleggers. 8 8 8 If that supper served on gold plates which the English fed the naval conference delegates in London had been served in Chicago the bandits would have made that party short and snappy. 8 8 8 Inasmuch as our administration of justice in criminal cases is only vaudeville, we should put our judges, juries and lawyers in tights, teach them to sing and dance their stuff, and charge a fee at the door. This at least would help the taxpayers.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

|M. E. Tracy SAYS: In Appraising a Man’s Fitness to Hold Office, His Conception of Duty Should Be Given First Place.

; TTUGHES is a worthy successor ! to Taft. Indeed, one finds I it hard to think of a better choice. He is not only a great lawyer, but has shown himself a good public servant. Besides, he has served as an associate Justice of the supreme court. The fact that he has represented great corporations is of no consequence, unless, indeed, one .believes that great corporations are so unholy that any connection with them can defile the best of men. Thus far, we have not written such dictum into our philosophy, much less into our laws. But if Mr. Hughes has acted as counsel for big business, he has shown his ability to act as counsel for the public against big business. ana In appraising a man’s fitness to hold office, whether as chief justice, or dry agent, his conception of duty, rather than his personal beliefs or private business, should be given first place. The idea of bar- f ring people because they hold certain views or have earned a living in certain ways, is just another form of bigotry and intolerance. There are drinkers who would make better dry agents than total abstainers. Some people thought Von Hindenburg would not make a good president of the German republic because of his former associations with the kaiser. They were wrong. Von Hindenburg’s idea of an oath was something to be fulfilled, and that was enough. Some people think that Catholics are unfit to hold office because they are Catholics, and more people hold the same view' with regard to free thinkers. Os all the Presidents, only two were without church membership— Lincoln and Jefferson. a a a Free the Philippines? A GROUP of business men representing the PhilippineAmerican Chamber of Commerce tells the senate committee on territories and insular possessions that Philippine independence should be delayed for twenty years. Immediate independence, In their judgment, not only would work a hardship on American capital Invested in Philippine trade, but on the natives as well. it should be obvious to any one, as they point out. that independence would end free trade with this country in many commodities which the Philippines produce, especially sugar. a a a It were possible to ridicule the position taken by these business men as due to self-interest, and as ignoring the fundamental problem of political justice. Political justice, however, often finds its most definite reflection in economic conditions. As an academic question, Philippine independence includes little more than what the Filipinos want, but as a practical problem it includes what they would lose or gain in a business way. Thts is especially true of what they have gained as a dependency of the United States, and what they would lose by establishing a government of their own. a a a ' Have Advantages Now AT present, the Philippines enjoy the advantage of free trade with this country. What this means is shown not only by the growth of their trade as a whole, but more particularly by the growth of their trade with us. At present, they are buying nearly twice as much from this country as from all others, while they are selling it nearly three times as much. A tariff wall, such as our protectionisms could be depended on to erect at the first opportunity, would bring that to an end. a a a As compensation for keeping them under our wing, we not only have encouraged American capital to enter the Philippines, but by giving them trade privileges that no independent nation enjoys, we have developed a commerce which makes them peculiarly dependent on our markets. Last year, the Philippine islands sold goods abroad to the extent of one hundred sixty-nine million dollars,'of which, one hundred twentytwo million, or nearly three-fourths, was sold in the United States. During the same year, the Philippine islands bought goods to the extent of one hundred forty-five million dollars, of which, eightyseven million, or three-fifths, came from the United States. Fifteen years ago, the total foreign trade of the Philippine islands amounted to only one hundred seven million dollars, while last year it amounted to nearly two hundred sixty million, of which one hundred eighty million, or more than twothirds, was with the United States.

Daily Thought

And I will bring: distress npon men, and they shall walk like blind men, because they have sinned against the Lord; and their blood shall be poured out as oust, and their flesh as the dung.— Zephaniah 1:17. u n n Faults of the head are punished in this world, those of the heart in another; but as most of our vices are compound, so also is their punishment.—Colton. What is Guerickian vacuum? Technically there are two kinds of vacuum, perfect and Guerickian. Perfect vacuum is a space entirely devoid of matter, or the condition of such a space. This is only a theoretical conception. Guerickian vacuum is that produced by the ordinary air pump, named after Otto Von Guericke, who invented the pump^

T A ; I DON'T CAPE / \ HOW THEY DO IT- /& <V\ JUST SO THEY , /s<£ ) . GET ME OUT 4? K°t# / 0’ THIS \ \ jti t&y' “

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Prolonged Worry Affects Health

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. IT IS normal to fear. Were it not for fear, man would not have the instinct of self-preservation. When a person is afraid, he bebegins to show it in various ways that affect his physical system. His skin becomes pale, his limbs tremble and the pupils of his eyes dilate. Those are the effects probably of extra secretion by some of the glands which are activated through the brain and the nervous system. One of the most conspicuous of fear and its effects on the human body is stage fright. The person untrained to speak before a public audience stands with knees trembling, a constriction of the chest, a loss of appetite, unquenchable thirst and even dizziness.

IT SEEMS TO ME By BROUN

IT is ironical that Senator Brookhart should have selected the Century as a club to be advertised before his colleagues as a whoopee parlor. Among New York organizations, it is one of the oldest and probably the most sedate. According to a time-honored "anecdote, a Frenchman came to New York and was put up at the Century by an American friend. Some months later, the American went to Paris and was cordially received by his erstwhile guest. “I feel under great obligation to you,” said the Frenchman. “When I was in New York, you put me up at the Century. I want to reciprocate. Very well, I shall take you to the tomb of Napoleon.” Senator Brookhart, of course, was a little off on his social register stuff. “I understand,” he said, “that the Century Club is one of the highest social organizations in the country.” a a a Victorian THE senator understands most imperfectly. There are bluebloods in the club’s membership, but its ranks are recruited more particularly from the conservative wings of the various arts. It is the citadel of Victorian painters, writers and sculptors, with a liberal sprinkling from the older members of the bar. The attendants move around wearing felt slippers because any

f"1 qOAYf IB THCJUIjI >1 ► a

ROGER WILLIAMS’ ARRIVAL February 5 ON Feb. 5, 1631, Roger W'illiams, founder of the state of Rhode Island, arrived at Boston from England. Williams refused to join the congregation at Boston because the people would not declare repentance for having been in communion with the Church of England He therefore went to Salem as assistant preacher. From Salem, Williams went to Plymouth, where, in addition to assisting its pastor, he studied Indian languages. Returning in 1633 to Salem, he again brought himself into disfavor by holding that the Massachusetts Bay government had no right to take the Indians’ land without purchase and to impose on them faith and worship. Banished from the colony, Williams escaped in midwinter to the shores of Narragansett bay, accompanied by a few adherents, and here purchased lands of the Indian chiefs, founded the city of Providence in 1636. and established a government founded on complete toleration. He later founded the first Baptist church in America, but withdrew when he doubted the validity of baptism.

Anxious Moments

Time and again the untrained after-dinner speaker sits at the banquet anil refuses all the food simply because his appetite has disappeared and his organs of digestion have ceased to function due to his fear. There are certain diseases, as pointed out by Dr. Nathan Raw, president of the Royal MedicoPsychological Association of Great Britain, in which fear constitutes a definite part of the disease. Angina pectoris produces agonizing pain and the fear of death. In certain forms of insanity, fear is common. A particular example of fear with disease is the hallucination of the person with delirium tremens. Such people see all sorts of terrible animals and in their fright may even throw themselves from windows high in the air.

sudden noise at the Century might mean an opportunity for someone on the waiting list. If this club happens to be Brookhart’s notion of wild life in the metropolis, I can only say, “God help lowa.” I am in no position to know whether any member ever took a gin cocktail within those sanctified halls. But, if not, the Century is unique among all city clubs. Surely, I score no news beat in saying that social organizations throughout the country have solved the Volstead problem for their members by virtue of the locker system. a a a Universal THE device is universal. Each member has his own cubbyhole, to w-hich no servant possesses a key. In this vault the clubman may store gin, ginger snaps or track shoes, as fits his fancy. Possibly this subterfuge is perfectly legal. At any ratg, it seems a trifling matter to take up the time of w r hat is supposed to be one of the greatest deliberate bodies in the world. Does Senator Brookhart actually purpose to make a speech in the senate whenever he gets an anonymous letter informing him that somewhere in, the United States, enforcement has parted like the Red sea, to save the lives of weary travelers?

Times Readers Voice Views

Editor Times—Crime, and plenty of it. I have been a reader of your paper for several years, and you surely put the truth before the people, but it seems as though a few fanatics we have in the United States are getting us !h a bad mess. I read that crime is very good—the boys are robbing banks, filling stations and most anything that comes along. It is not the fault of police, because they are kept busy trying to catch bootleggers. They have no time left to try to get the real criminal. No one wants prohibition except the radicals, and those who are making money out of it. The very persons who shout the loudest, and have so much sympathy for the poor boob who spends all his money and lets his family grow hungry, employ this boob for a wage that they know would not keep his family from going hungry. Wake up, you common people, and tell this bunch of professional reformers where to stop. R. C. SPARROW. Franklin, Ind. How long does it take to count a million? Allowing sixty counts to the minute and eight hours to the day !it would lake about 34.72 days to count a million and 34.720 days to count a bilUot

The greatest fear of all is the fear of death. This is essentially a fear of the unknown. This fear is an instinct against which man may reason constantly, but which nevertheless survives, so man may survive. Only among fanatics and people of blind faith is there a disappearance of the instinctive fear of death. Doctor Raw believes that fear is as old as man himself, but that worry is a comparatively recent product. As civilization advances and life becomes constantly more complicated, worry increases. Fear perhaps never will be conquered, but worry can be controlled through intelligence and education, through training and discipline. If we could refrain from unnecessary worry, Doctor Raw believes we would come to conquer fear and make our lives brighter and happier.

Ideals and opinions expressed In this column are those of one of America’s most Interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

It is better, I think, to render unto Caesar only such things as are his. The gentleman from lowa usurps a function which belongs to no finite politician, if he is going to undertake to note the passing of each swallow. But Brookhart’s passion to spread upon the record hearsay and anonymous information suggests an opening for an amusing game. * a a Writes Letter T AM mailing him a letter today, which reads as follows: “Dear Senitor: “I am a member of the u. s. senit and I thought you might like to here something about what is going on in the senit offis bldg. My name does not matter, but I am just as mutch a senitor as you are yourself. A couple (2) years ago I was with 3 senitors that you know so very well that you would reckernize them all if I told you. “One of them said, do you want a shot, and I said yes I did wan a shot, and he poured into a glass that kinda burned as it went down and I know it must have been whisky because four minutes later we all started to sing Abraham Brown the sailor. “None of us senitors sang so good and I am writenig to you because I am overcome with remoss. There ought to be a law. Let me remain simply your collick—the unknown senitor.” If I know my Brookhart, this ought to furnish him with enough material for a two-hour speech. (Copyright. 1930. by The Times)

Growth is positive proof of satisfactory service.

Washington Bank&Trust Go. 2 55 'W. 'Washington St. *

FEB. 5, 1930

SCIENCE By DAVID DIETZ —

Truth Showii as Stranger Than Fiction in New Book Written by Famous Biologist. TO any one who still doubts that “truth is stranger than fiction,” an early perusal of “Nature Narraj tives,” by Austin H. Clark, Is eam- | estly recommended. The book just i lias been published by Williams &- Wilkins. Dr. Clark Is the distinguished biologist of the Smithsonian institution. He has toured the world in his study of nature. He began while still a student at Harvard, organizing an expedition to study the bird life of Margarita island, Venezuela. Later he studied birds in the West Indies and the Lesser Antilles. Subsequently he was the naturalist on the expedition of the United States Fisheries' steamer Albatross, visiting Alaska, the Aleutian islands. Kamchatka, Japan and the Hawaiian islands. He has crammed years of study of birds, insects, fish and mammals into the 135 pages of “Nature Narratives.’’ (The book sells for only SI.) Each “narrative” is short. There are fifty of them in the book. The subjects range from “Sea Serpents" and “Shark Intoxication’’ to “Butterflies as Human Food” and “Animal Lilies.” a a a Fantastic ONE of the sketches will serve to give the tempo of the bool: Dr. Clark, calls it “Where Woman Rules.” “Even a nightmare,” he writes, “could scarcely conjure on anything more fantastic than those curious fishes known to ichthyologists as the ceratioids—and entirely imknown to all but ichthyologists. “They are found in all the oceans in deep water, below the thin superficial zone which the sunlight penetrates. , “Swimming far the surface, they live in perpetual calm, where the motion of the waves never is felt, where it always is darker than the darkest night we have ever seen, and where it always is cold. “For them time does not exist, for where they live there are no changes by which to measure time Also heat and cold do not exist, for. living in unchanging temperatures, how can they know of heat or cold? “Never coming to the surface and never going to the bottom, the little world they know is limitless. A timeless, boundless world, without motion, heat or light—that is the only world they know. “The ceratioids are related to the angler fishes of our coasts, and like the angler fishes, all have a little rod and line projecting from their foreheads. At the end of this there is a little luminous organ, like a little flashlight. “These strange fishes are all small, and several kind are not even an inch in length. They also arc rare and seldom caught. They must be small and rare to exist at all, for where they live there is not much for them to feed upon.”

Parasites DR. CLARK then proceeds to explain why he chose the title which he did for this sketch of the ceratioids. “Among these curious fishes the ladies rule with an Iron hand,” he continues. “In fact, all that are caught are ladies. Their husbandhave no rights of any sort—no freedom of any kind. They can not live without their wives, because they can not eat. “The males are very small and live permanently attached to the side of their burly mates, with the forepart of their heads buried in tie females’ tissues and complete 1 ’ fused with them. They have no mouth and no digestive system. They do not need them, as their blood supply is furnished by the female through an arterial connection. “They are called parasitic males because they are able to exist only as parasites on the females. The ceratioid fishes are the only backboned animals with parasitic males.” The other forty-nine sketches are equally interesting and packed with as much startling information. For example, he tells, “Sharks are by no means all the formidable giants that our Imagination commonly pictures them. Some are but little over six inches in length, even when fully grown, and quite a number do not exceed a foot in length.” Or again, "Snakes are by no means all confined to land and to fresh waters. There is a special group of snakes which is found only in the sea. The sea-snakes live everywhere along the shores of the Indian and the tropical Pacific oceans, including the western coast of tropical America.”