Indianapolis Times, Volume 41, Number 204, Indianapolis, Marion County, 4 January 1930 — Page 4

PAGE 4

M t * I A P t • H O** A* l*

Unpaid Teachers That there should be any teacher in the state whose salary is unpaid and who is forced to live on charity or borrowed money is a disgrace that should not continue. The teachers in those sections of the state where state funds are needed to keep the schools poinff have every right to feel aggrieved, even though they may be wrong in directing their wrath against Governor Leslie. The blame must rest upon the members of the legislature who were too busy with their more profitable, if less important, scheme to pay any attention to the country schools. There is no profit for any one in hiring a teacher at small wages. There is plenty of profit for plenty of people in building roads or erecting armories. The state raises plenty of money by taxes, direct and indirect, to keep the schools in operation and to pay the teachers who serve for the most part for very small salaries. It is a lasting shame that a state which spends twenty millions of dollars a year on road building should send its teachers to the loan sharks for bread. A business administration of the road building program w r ith an eye to economy could unquestionably save enough money out of the huge fund raised for its use to keep the schools going. It is one of the ironies of the situation that the deficit in the teachers’ fund amounts to just about the cost of a road now being contemplated by the highway commission, whose sole and only purpose is apparently to raise the price of real estate holdings of a bank whose president holds frequent conference with the commissioner. That road, to duplicate one of the finest of the state highways, will probably cost a million dollars. If the teachers had this money they would not be demanding a special session of the legislature to get their pay. The Governor should not fear a special session if one is necessary to get funds for the teachers. He might also welcome one, for it would enable the members to undo some of the damage done at the regular session. Certain it is that he is not to blame for the present predicament, and if a special session is necessary can not be held accountable for the expense involved. But if a session is held it could very properly go into a revision of the highway commission and place it upon a more scientific basis. A board of engineers instead of politicians might save the people considerable money. One thing is very certain: There should De no duplicate highways as long as there are unpaid teachers in this state. Where Is Shearer? Senator Shortridge’s three-month delay In resuming the Shearer investigation becomes more incomprehensible to the public and many of his colleagues each day. Now, if ever, seems to be the time to find out whether selfish shipbuilding interests employed the “big navy” lobbyist to prevent naval limitations. Completion of the inquiry would, without any question, improve the atmosphere surrounding the London parley in January. Even Senator Shortridge, committee chairman, admits there are many important matters to be cleared up. Did the three shipbuilding cncems hire Shearer without the knowledge of Charles M. Schwab, as he testified, or did the two men have a long conference and definite understanding, as Shearer said? Did American admirals aid and abet the propagandists' efforts before, during and since the Geneva conference? Did our navy department accept the socalled Wiseman forgery- as genuine, and disseminate it, In an effort to discredite the disarmament move? The public is entitled to answers to these questions. These “loose odds and ends,” as Shortridge refers to them, may contribute to the eventual success of the movement to end the mad race for naval supremacy.

Trouble in India No spot on the surface of the globe will deserve, or get. such worldwide attention during the next few months as India. If the present agitation culminates In the formal adoption of a declaration of independence by the nationalist group—as seems Inevitable—practically anything can happen. It seems quite obvious that British rule may be about to get the severest test it has had since the Sepoy mutiny. Just how extensive the demand for independence may be is a matter for speculation. India has 300.000.000 inhabitants—but the vast majority is unlettered and ignorant, neither knowing nor caring much about the matter. The British have had vast experience in handling colonial problems, and the probabilities, of course, are that the approaching crisis will be handled with cool, unflustered competence. The immediate future, however, likely will prove a trying time. The situation will be well worth watching. Reversing an Old Theory Our courts of law, in the machinery they have set up for the trial of accused persons, operate on the old. established theory that it is better that two guilty jensn should escape than that one innocent man should

The Indianapolis Times (A acmrPß-HOWARD .NEWSPAPER) Owned *n<l published dally (except Sunday) by The Indianapolt* Time* Poblliblng Cos., 214-220 West Maryland Street. Indianapolis, Ind. Price In Marion County, 2 cent* a copy: elsewhere, 3 cent*—delivered by carrier, 12 cent* a week. BOYD GURLEY, ROY W. HOWARD, FRANK G. MORRISON, Editor President Business Manager PHONE—Riley BMI _ SATURDAY, JAN. 4, 1930. Member of United Press, Serlpps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Information Servb-e and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way”

be convicted. Extensive safeguards, accordingly, are thrown about every man who is tried for any crime. It might be a good thing if we could tip off our liquor patrols to this old theory. If it applies to the trial of suspected criminals, it ought to apply to the catching of them, also. And letting fly with a machine gun on the mere suspicion that a man a hundred yards away is a lawbreaker hardly seems like the best possible way of putting it into effect, American Fascists The disbandment of the Fascist League of North America may serve as notice to similar groups that divided allegiance among our foreign-born citizens is not to be countenanced. For seven years these overzealous friends of Dictator Mussolini have, deliberately or not, caused turmoil among a large part of our 4,000.000 Italo-Amerlcan residents. There have been bloodshed, factional strife and violent outbreaks wherever the question of Fascisti and antiFaseisti was raised. They now may be expected to end. The league's sponsors repeatedly have denied that it sought to dominate the lives of our Italo-Americans to the end that they would render first allegiance to Mussolini and their fatherland; these protestations may be true, despite evidence to the contrary. That is beside the point, however. The very existence of an aggressive Fascist group provoked retaliation, and the streets of American cities became a battleground lor the clashing forces. Count Ignazoine Thaon di Revel, Italian subject and president of the league, once declared there would be need for his organization until attacks on Fascism ceased in this country. His official reason for disbandment is that the league has served its avowed purpose of combating Mussolini’s enemies. The military trappings which the black shirts affected, Di Revel said, now will become exhibits in a Fascist museum. It is better so. Secretary of State Stimson’s hand does not appear in the denouement. Di Revel insists disbandment was voluntary and not promoted by warnings from Washington or Rome. Nevertheless, the secretary of state’s reported inquiry into the aims and activities of the league doubtless served to discourage the movement. If so, the administration merits credit for frowning upon un-American efforts of this sort. In North Carolina A statement issued by Roger Baldwin of the American Civil Liberties Union sums up the situation in North Carolina in a very demning way: “Every striker tried has been convicted,” says Baltjwin. "Every officer or mill agent guilty of violence has been either not held for trial or he has been acquitted. The machinery of Justice operates for the mill owners, against the workers.” It was Goldsmith, we believe, who said: "111 fares the land, to hastening ills a prey, when wealth accumulates and men decay.” America lacks a sense of humor, says Count Keyserling. He ought to come over here during the football season and read some of the coaches’ stories on the eve of big football games. This Is the fourth successive year that California has reported an overproduction of wine grapes. People aren’t going in for temperance drinks like wine any more. There Ls a Fashion-of-the-Month Club in New York. Apparently there are some people who actually believe a fashion can really be confined to such an intermediate length of time.

REASON

NEW YEAR’S has lost more of its original color than any other holiday. Now it is just a sort of P. S. to Christmas, but it used to be a rare occasion, ushered in by the grand ball of the season in thousands of towns and then on New Year’s day everybody kept open house, a beautiful custom, but one that has vanished. * m m There were lights in the houses and evergreens and smilax and mistletoe and there was a punch bowl in the parlor, round which the buds of the season ranged themselves to hand glasses to the visitors, many of whom already had a sufficient cargo. Toasts were drunk and there was a sort of Cavalier touch to it, as foreign to our life today, as the habits of the Persians, but it had a lure which makes one regret its passing. B tt B Somehow we are unable to work up any enthusiasm over the calling out of all these troops by the Governor of Kentucky to keep the people from lynching that pair of bandits, guilty of cold blooded murder. m * * THE scientists assure us that the discovery over in China of some bones several million years old proves that man did not descend from monkeys, which should be very’ gratifying to the monkeys. m m m And now Sackett of Kentucky leaves the senate to become ambassador to Germany as Edge of New Jersey left it to become ambassador to France. We can not see how any senator could do such a thing, unless he has an overwhelming desire to live in a wet country, or his ladies wish to hand out the society taffy. m mm Nations are like children, they have their spats, then make up and forget it. Just a few days ago the United States and Russia were snapping at each other through the international fence and now they are flying side by side, hunting for the lost Alaskan aviators. We will never get world peace until we arrange to have enough people lost all the time to enable all nations to participate in rescue parties. # a b THE Chinese nation made a great mistake to let its people eat dogs just as it is trying to get the world to recognize its equality as a world power. It should have given its people porterhouse until it gained a place in the sun. MB* The more we think it over the more we feel that the President named Ambassador Dawes as a member of the London disarmament commission because he concluded that Chicago was entitled to a representative on her own account. * • * In addition to its many other blessings, the radio every night enables hundreds of singers to get rid of the stomach ache by broadcasting it. * * B A California judge sentenced a man to Jail for only ninety days for branding his wife on the face and chest with a redhot iron. The only explanation is that the judge is married unhappily. \

FREDERICK By LANDIS

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

Boston’s Ideas of Liberty Appear to Run More to Drinking Than to Thinking. ONE hundred fifty years ago it was tea that roused Boston to cry for liberty. Now it is rum. There may be no significance in the fact that liquid refreshment was the issue in both cases. Still, it is interesting. Meanwhile, not a word in favor of Dreiser’s "Great American Tragedy," Hemingway’s "Farewell to Arms," or a dozen other banned books. Obviously, the Beacon street idea of liberty runs to drinking, rather than thinking. Not that the row over tea was frivolous, or that a protest against the present methods of handling rum in this country is uncalled for, but that Boston attitude would be more imp: - included a thought on rature. r 0 William M. .man of the Boston meet. .a to the famous "massacre” that occurred on March 5, 1770, as analogous to the killing which took place off Newport, R. 1., Sunday. The analogy is not far fetched, whether one reasons from cause or effect. In each case, three men were killed, and they were killed as the result of legalized ruthlessness. non Right on Technicality A CAPTAIN, eight British soldiers, and four civilians were indicted and brought to trial in connection with the famous Boston massacre. All were acquitted of the charge of murder, but two of the soldiers were convicted of manslaughter, and, after pleading benefit of clergy, were “burnt in the hand.” Incidentally, John Adams, afterward President f the United States, acted as counsel for the defense. st o a It requires no gift of prophecy to : foretell that, regardless of the in- j vestigations which may be ordered, or the trials which may result, no harsher verdict can be looked for in the Newport case. Asa matter of fact, Secretary Mellon already has vindicated the coast guardsmen; as a matter of law, they technically were within their rights, and as a matter of common knowledge, the prohibition problem has come to hinge on technicalities and official support more distinctly than on anything else.

n tt tt Jury Drinks Brew VIVIDLY illustrating this aspect of the situation, the South Carolina supreme court has just ruled that a jury may drink home brew offered in evidence against a person charged with violating the prohibition law. In the case under consideration, the jury was accused of consuming forty-nine bottles of beer during the four hours which it deliberated. If that establishes a precedent, the problem of how to get a drink without violating the law is solved. All that thirsty citizens need do would be to get themselves selected on prohibition juries and call for the evidence. tt tt M Small wonder that Senator Borah Is moved to find fault, even though it does place him in the position of opposing President Hoover. One would be more enthusiastic about endorsing his stand, however, if it did not smack of a chronic peculiarity, not to say a worn-out political trick. Borah generally is moved to find fault with something, and in many instances his fault-finding seems to forestall what the Democrats would say if they were only a little quicker on their feet. When the Republicans have made a bust, you usually can depend on Borah to call attention to it and demand remedial action. Afterward, you usually can depend on him to be satisfied w r ith whatever the Republicans do. n a Amendment Is Farce THE Boston meeting, Secretary Mellon's attitude, Borah's demand for reorganization of the dry forces, the South Carolina decision, the promise of a colorless report by President Hoover's law enforcement commission, and a thousand and one other incidents only combine to prove what a mess we are in because of an amendment to the federal Constitution which never should have been adopted and a law which is practically unenforceable. Were it not for that stubbornness which prevents the average American from admitting frankly that he has made a mistake, especially where political opinion is involved, we might look for something sane. Because of that stubomness, however, and the fanaticism which takes advantage of it, we must forego even that crumb of comfort,

Daily Thought

And blessed is she that beli'veth, for there shall be a performance of those things which were told her from the Lord.—St. Luke 1:45. * Belief consists in accepting the affirmations of the soul, unbelief, in denying them.—Emerson. What is the tradition about the seventh son of the seventh son? Among various ancient peoples, the seventh son of the seventh son was believed gifted with supernatural powers. When such an infant was bom the nurse placed a worm In each of his hands, enclosed in a bit of muslin. The hands were tied up until the worms died, and then the tiny fists were allowed to open. The dead worms were thrown away, but it was believed that locked in the child’s hands were miraculous powers of healing and protecting. When the boy grew to manhood he was regarded as a wizard. What movie actor wrote a book called ‘‘Laugh and Live?" Douglas Fairbanks.

Now That the Greetings Are Over

TnXJ// " vl —t’T'f '!©> ,v

Soft Foods Best for Poor Digestion

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN. j Editor Journal of the American Medical j , Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. Since 1832, when Dr. Beaumont | made his studies of the stomach on | Mackinac island, because he was■ able to iook into the stomach of a j man whose side had been shot away; by the explosion of a cannon, it has j been known that some foods pass; out of the stomach quicker than ! others. Pure carbohydrates or sugars pass out more quickly than the proteins move, or indeed the fats, which are likely to remain in the stomach longer than the other foods. Innumerable investigators all over the world have checked this ob- j

IT SEEMS TO ME

IT is curious that American communities should pass fierce and cruel laws against persons professing a belief in Communism. The circumstance that such legislation violates traditional constitutional liberties may be waived in favor of the principal fact that the sect is not numerous and is made up almost entirely of immature chalk writers. The Communist party in America possesses not a single leader of the slightest significance. However, it is not without articulate adherents. One of the most expansive is Mike Gold, who edits the New Masses. Now Gold passes on questions of form and precedence and serves the left wing movement as a sort of Dolly Gann. Not so long ago he publicly expelled a comrade who was caught being photographed in a dinner coat. Each night, before retiring, Mike Gold, in secular prayer, asks himsel, "Have I or have I not been a good little proletarian today?” One might suppose that it would be easy for millions and millions of us to qualify as members of the working class, but Communism Ls among the snootiest of sects and maintains its own limp leather social register. The barricades which are to be erected when the great day comes will be manned by only such toilers as can present a letter properly countersigned by Mike Gold. a tt tt One Utopia IN current issue of the New Masses, which may be identified as the Communists’ "Vanity Fair,” Gold sets down the stipulations for Utopia and says dogmatically that there wlil be no tall buildings. "I would,” writes Mike Gold, "give all the skyscrapers in New York for a chance to be fishing now, or to be

Questions and Answers

How long did the body of President Grant lay in state? President Grant died July 23, 1885, and the body lay in state until Aug. 8, when it was placed in a temporary tomb. How is the word buffet pronounced ? bouf-fay. Do any fish have four eyes, the upper ones for seeing in the air and the lower ones for seeing in the water? The United States Bureau of Fisheries knows of no such fish. Where were the exterior scenes of the motion picture “Evangeline” filmed? At Carmel, Cal., Point Lob as, Santa Cruz, and in Louisiana near New Orleans. Where is Khyber pass? Why is it fortified? Khyber pass, in Afghanistan, is the principal northern pass into that country from India, commencing ten miles west of Peshawur and extending for thirty miles northwest to the plain of Jelalabad. It debouches at Dhaka, on the Kabul river. It nar-

-DAILY HEALTH SERVICE-

servation of Beaumont, using many modem methods of study, and all of them have confirmed the original observations. Recently Drs. M. J. Wilson, W. H. Dickson and H. C. Singleton have given new consideration to this problem. In checking what other people have done, they point out that the physical state of the foodstuffs is of considerable importance in determining how quickly the stomach is emptied. Gruel leaves the stomach more rapidly than dry carbohydrates or cereals and large lumps of meat are retained much longer than minced meat. Anger, fear, and passion delay the

R HEYWOOD y BROUN

riding a good horse up the side of a Mexican mountain." Apparently, the workers are to unite and overthrow their tyrants for no less a reward than the privilege of a rear view of Mike Gold galloping up an incline. "One of the first acts of a workers’ revolution would be to decentralize New York,” explains Gold. "The city would inevitably shrink to man-size under a co-operative social order. "Those dreamy-eyed architects and Parisian futurists who gloat over skyscrapers and love to imagine a. city of nothing but vast skyscrapers and five or six street levels, etc., are not only foolish but ignorant. "They are fools because human beings can not permanently live in this kind of artificial prison, “They are ignorant because they do not see that skyscrapers are made necessary only by capitalist competition, and simply will not be useful in real civilization; the workers’ republic.” Os course, every man has a right to his own conception of Utopia, but Gold’s vision seems to me to violate some fundamental principles which have animated all efficient steps toward social co-operation up to now. The companionate state must be of urban origin. sum Heaven Upward NATURE is even more cruelly competitive than any system devised by man. Only captains of industry, anarchists and other confirmed individualists picture Utopia as sort of laissez-faire larchmont. The rest of us realize that human minds can not be melded effectively without the rubbing of shoulders. The state of my dream will contain cities more vast than any of us have yet known. The machine may seem at the most tyrant of man but in the end

rows in places to less than twenty feet, and is enclosed in part by lofty and nearly vertical cliffs. The pass is considered of great strategic importance, being on the military road. Its elevation above Dhaka is 1,970 feet. What is the size of the personnel of the United States army and navy? The appropriation act of 1929-30 contemplates an average enlisted strength of approximately 118,750 men in the regular army, and 6,445 Philippine scouts. The navy personnel consists of 8,353 officers and 86,643 enlisted men. Is there a poem called "When My Ship Comes In?” Yes. Robert J. Burdette is the author. What is the value of a United States large copper cent dated 1846? j One to 15 cents. Who wrote "The Cruise of the Shark,” and who is the publisher? j Jack London is the author. It is published by the MacMillan Com- j pany, 60 Fifth avenue. New York.

motions of the stomach. Smoking and the drinking of water have definite effects, as does also the taking of various drugs. Asa result of their experiments in feeding food of various kinds, the investigators are convinced that the initial emptying of the stomach depends on two main factors: First, the presence of normal movements in the intestinal tract; second, the consistency of the food that is taken. Liquid meals ‘start to leave the stomach as soon as they are swallowed, whereas the more solid foods do not leave for a longer period. For this reason, it is customary in diseases in which there is difficulty with digestion to feed what is known as a soft diet.

Ideal* and opinions expressed in this column are those of one of America’s most Interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper,—The Editor.

deliverance will come through this same instrument. Work can be put in its place only by intricacies of co-operation possible among the tightly massed. Nature has made a few successful efforts to establish Utopian commonwealths, and it is to the bee and the ant that we must look for models, rather than to the lone wolf. There will be again a nation of cliff dwellers. We must climb to reach Utopia. Man has always dreamed of a heaven in the skies above, and the time may not be distant when he will reach up to have it here and now. (Copyright, 1930. by The Times) ~ *t dOAVr jBtTHMt - WASHINGTON’S MESSAGE Jan. 4, ON Jan. 4, 1790, George Washington issued his first annual presidential message. Before congress, in his first message, Washington laid an eminently judicious series of suggestions of laws and provisions, which were at once made the basis of legislation. Washington refrained from allying himself with either of the two parties. Federalist and Democratic Republican, then forming under Hamilton and Jefferson. On the contrary, he strove to reconcile the differences between the two leaders which he saw in the future must inevitably bring about wider differences among the people. Today also is the anniversary of Utah’s admission to the Union, on Jan. 4, 1896. And on Jan. 4, 1899, President McKinley sent the treaty of peace with Spain to the senate.

How the U. S. Grew From a little group of straggling colonies strung out along the Atlantic seaboard, the United States has grown to a mighty nation occupying the greater part of the North American continent and with overseas possessions—in all a territory embracing today more than three million, seven hundred and thirty-eight thousand square miles. The story of the territorial expansion of the United States between 1790 and 1929 is contained in our Washington bureau’s latest bulletin HOW THE UNITED STATES GREW. School boys and girls will find this bulletin of great help and value in their histoid and geography; grown-ups will find it full of interesting material to refresh their memories and give them a picture of the growth of the nation. If you want this bulletin, fill out tho coupon below and mail as directed. CLIP COUPON HERE —— GEOGRAPHY EDITOR, Washington bureau, The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York avenue, Washington, D. C. I want a copy of the bulletin HOW THE UNITED STATES GREW and enclose herewith 5 cents in coin, or loose, uncancelled United States postage stamps to cover postage and handling costs. NAME STREET AND NUMBER CITY STATE I am a reader of The Indianapolis Times. (Code No.)

_.JAN. 4, 1930

SCIENCE l’.y DAVID DIETZ

Velocity of Light U ill Be Measured in Series of Test* by Famed Scientist. \ DETERMINATION of the vef\ / r,f light, more accurate than ever before made wJI be made this summer at the lit. wiLon ob- . A. A. Mlche:v,n. famo'jr. American scientist. who Jos- recovered from an attack of pr.e rmoTtla. will conduct the experiment, de.p.te the fact that he L-> 77 years old. Preparations for the experimen. are now going forward at Mt. Wilson Dr. Walter S. Adams, director of the observatory revealed here at the annual exhibition of the Carnegie Institution of Washington. The observatory is one of a number o i famous ones maintained by the institution. Proiessor Michelson, known to the world of science as the “high priest of light," began hio study of the velocity of light while an instructor at the naval academy at Annapolis Ten years ago, he began anew series of experiments at Mt. Wilson He measured the speed of a beam of light from Mt. Wilson to a peak in the San Antonio ridge, a distance of twenty-one miles. No method has ever been devised to measure the speed of a beam oi ’ight in one direction. It is necessary to send the beam to a mirror at the distant point and reflect it back to its starting point. st ts a

Skill * TOOTHED wheel is placed m /Y the path of the beam at its starting point, splitting the beam up into a series of impulses. If t speed of the wheel is right, the returning impulses reflected from the mirror also pass between the teeth of the wheel and register in an eyepiece. The velocity- of light then can be calculated from the speed of the rotating wheel. The experiment sounds very simple. But it becomes not so simple when one realizes that the speed of light is approximately 136,000 miles a second. A beam of light would make the journey around the earth’s equator seven times in a little less than a second. Only an experimenter with the consummate skill and the genius of Professor Michelson is competent to perform the experiment. He made his last determination in 1927. obtaining a figure of 186,284 miles a second. This was more accurate than any determination ever made before. But Professor Michelson thought he could do still better. He tried using a base line between Mt. Wilson and San Jacinto, a distance of eighty-five miles, but without good results. The beam of light passed close to the ground at places and distortion resulted. An attempt to use a fifty-mile base line between Mt. Wilson and Santiago peak also proved unsatisfactory because of dust and smoke from the city of Los Angeles. This led him to formulate plans for the present experiment in which the beam of light will be reflected back and forth within a long line of pipe from which the air has been extracted. it ts it In May A FUND of $40,000 has been furnished to finance this new experiment of Michelson’s. The Rockielier Foundation furnished $20,000 and the Carnegie Corporation $20,000. Corrugated iron pipe, three feet in diameter is being used for the experiment, Dr. Adams said. This comes in sections sixty feet long. "We set up a pipe line 1,100 feet long and devised means of making the joints air-tight by using automobile inner tubes as gaskets,” he said. "We then extracted the air from the pipe with vacuum pumps. We found that the line would hold a fairly high vacuum for a number of hours. “Asa result, we feel confident that a pipe-line a mile long will work satisfactorily and we will start assembling it soon. ‘A system of mirrors will be mounted in air-tight tanks at either end of the pipe -line so that the beam of light can be reflected back and forth several times, making the actual path traveled by the beam eight or ten miles long. "An arc light will be used for the source of light. This of course will be outside the pipe-line. Its light will be admitted through a window in the tank at one end of the line. “Professor Michelson is expected to arrive at the observatory on May 1 to supervise the final preparations for the experiment. “We feel confident that the experiment will be satisfactory and expect that he will succeed in obtaining a still more accurate figure for the velocity of light than he did in 1927."