Indianapolis Times, Volume 41, Number 199, Indianapolis, Marion County, 30 December 1929 — Page 4

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A Laboratory Case If congress were really in earnest in desiring facts concerning prohibition enforcement it might send a committee to the northern part of the state to get the history of law in the Calumet. Senator Borah, a dry, is very certain that the prohibition law can not be enforced with the present agencies. The administration retorts that it will supplant all officials who are negligent. The statesmen, if they do not already know, could gain some illuminating facts of the close connection between the lack of enforcement and the corruption of government by making a laboratory case of Indiana. That huge election frauds were committed in 1926 and in 1928 in the Calumet district was evident from the returns themselves. They were made certain by the confessions of some who participated in them. For nearly three years the government has had the affidavit of one man that immunity from prosecution for liquor law violations was the price exacted and given for the fraudulent votes. It is very certain that the records of federal or local enforcement showed no activity for three years and that the Calumet was as wet as Lake Michigan on which it borders. Apparently the bootlegger was safe if he paid tribute in money or votes to the political machines of the counties and cities. When the first gesture of enforcement was forced by public opinion, federal officials found it easy to indict several hundreds of violators. The dragnet included officials and criminals. Congress might be interested in what happened when Washington was compelled to send special prosecutors to aid the district attorney who had selected the time set for a grand jury probe as most favorable for a vacation, and who, later, said that conditions justified martial law. Congress might be interested in the outcome of indictments drawn by its expeit when politicians and policemen were accused of being hijackers, rum runners and bootleggers. Congress might be interested in learning whv federal officials were unable to locate Burke, most famous of killers, when he was pointed out by newspaper reporters as the man who made the deal for importation of fraudulent votes in the last federal election and his address given to them. Congress might he interested in the murders of two witnesses who had appeal ed before the grand jury and given testimony of election frauds and the protection of crime. Congress might be interested in the attempt to murder a newspaper man who was most annoying in his persistency in offering evidence to federal authorities. The battle between Borah and the other drys might have a chance of resulting in something more than a debate were congress to send a committee to Indiana and put the activities of the various agencies of law under its microscope. Election frauds, bootlegging, bank robbing, indifference or incompetence of officials seem to be tied in the same package. Why not take off the cover?

The Nanking Gesture If a revolution could be wrought by executive decree. the Chinese government on Jan. 1 would abolish —as planned—the extraterritorial privileges enjoyed by foreigners in that country for eighty years. But the answer is, of course, that basic changes are not achieved so easily. Despite Nanking’s strong abolition edict, It is highly probable that foreigners on Jan. 2 wil* have about the same special privileges they had the day before and the year before. This is especially true of the socalled treaty ports, such as Shanghai, where most of the foreigners live. There are several reasons why Nanking's proclamation is not apt to prove as sweeping in fact as in theory. The best reason is that the Chinese government is weak and divided, while the foreign powers are strong and fairly united on this issue. Washington and mast of the other powers take the position that the special foreign courts for foreigners, covered by treaties, can not be abolished without due process and mutual consent. In theory' China has an unanswerable argument for abolishing extraterritoriality. It is an infringement of her sovereignty and independence. But there are certain practical conditions which have prevented her in the past, and probably will continue to prevent her in the near future, from achieving full sovereignty. Recurring civil wars have drained her strength as a nation and prevented unification, without which modern reforms can not be carried out. Hence she has not attained the codification of her laws and the reform of her courts, which the powers always have insisted must precede the elimination of special foreign courts. Rightly or wrongly, the United States government and others will not give up extraterritoriality until China has a working native system to replace the foreign system. And since China is not strong enough to defy the powers, as did Japan and Turkey when they wiped out extraterritoriality, the only intelligent alternative seems to be for her to negotiate with the powers a gradual and conditional relinquishment. That such compromise alternative is necessary so late in the <Uj of Chinese nationalism doubtless is

The Indianapolis Times (A SCRII'PS-HOWAKD NEWSPAPER) D*nl and published dally (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos., 214-j2O West Maryland Street. Indianapolis, Ind. Price In Marlon County, 2 cents a copy: elsewhere. 3 cents- delivered by carrier. 12 cents a -week. BOYD GURLEY. ROY W. HOWARD, FRANK O. MORRISON. Editor President Business Manager PHONE— Riley SSM MONDAY. DEC. 30. 1929. Member of United Press, Scripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way”

disappointing to the Chinese people. But It is no less disappointing to the foreign friends of Chinese freedom, who had hoped to see long before this a strong and progressive Chinese nation, instead of the present chaos of internal intrigue, corruption and militarism. Until China achieves self-mastery, she never will be able to hold her own against foreigners. A Lesson in Diplomacy President-Elect Ortiz Rubio of Mexico as a guest in Washington is receiving unusual hospitality and honors. Mr Hoover is breaking precedent by calling on him as though lie already were the president of Mexico. How different the atmosphere now and four years a*?o! Then the White House and the state department were exhibiting a peculiarly bigoted and bullying attitude toward our smaller neighbor to the south. Secretary Kellogg was achieving the heights of diplomatic insult by announcing that Mexico was “on trial before the world.” Perhaps there are many explanations for the change in relationship between the two governments. But we are inclined to believe that most of the credit should go to the Mexican and American peoples. The state department's belligerent policy failed really because the American people would have none of it. They simply did not believe the silly propaganda spread by Washington. Their attitude toward intervention was that we should tend to our business. Also the Mexican people kept their heads. They seemed to realize in some intuitive way that the American nation, as distinct from the temporary Washington administration, was not an enemy, but a friend. Os course such sanity and friendship on the part of peoples can not be fully effective in diplomacy except through officials. And It was the good fortune of Mexico to have in Washington—and still have—an ambassador with creative faith in the permanent friendship between the two countries, Senor Tellez. Belatedly Washington also chose a wise man and a fair man to represent us. Doubtless more than to any other one man, Washington’s new method of dealing with Mexico as an equal and as a good neighbor is due to Ambassador Morrow, who now is going to the senate. President Hoover has a difficult and very important task in finding a successor for Morrow in Mexico City.

The Army on the Job If you don’t think that the Salvation Army was kept busy this holiday season, glance at these figures, submitted from the army's central headquarters iii Chicago. Something like 2,000,000 pounds of gifts were distributed in 275 cities and towns in eleven midwestem states by the army’s workers. Among them were the iollowing: 100,000 pounds of toys, 000,000 pounds of potatoes, 360,000 pounds apples, 120,000 dressed chickens, 180.000 oranges, 60,000 pounds of candy, 60,000 fruit cakes, 240,000 cans of milk soup and vegetables 120,000 pounds of sugar, 60,000 loaves of bread, 60,000 pounds of coffee, 60.000 pounds of butter, 60,000 packages of crackers, and some 400.000 pieces of wearing apparel. All of which would seem to indicate that the old reliable Salvation Army was very much on the job.

T->T'' A OAAT FREDERICK REAbOJN LANDIS

WE have the old-time winter, but not the old-time winter gaieties. The automobile, the radio, the motion picture and the dance have taken from the white season its joy, its color, its outdoor amusements, which make winter the most picturesque part of the year. tt tt tt In those olden days whole towns joined hands to make the freezing time a festival, observed with community spirit. The fire department would flood the biggest hill in town and when it froze the most of the population would be there, old and young hurrying through their suppers to coast down the lightning incline in toe moonlight. n u u Streets were roped off, four or five blocks being turned over to joy, but today it seems a lost art: the hill’s still there and it’s covered with snow and the Are department still has the water and the willingness to flood the place, but a generation has grown up which is interested in other things. And just between you and me, this generation Is losing out. tt a a WHEN there were the bobsled rides when twenty boys and girls would jump into the sled which was heaped with straw and piled with robes and blankets and thus fortified against the wintry blasts, the driver would swing his whip and the crowd would glide and bump along out into the country, to the farm house of some old friend, whose family would be routed out of bed to cook the oysters. a a When there were skating parties everywhere, there being a good pond every three or four blocks where one could skate in safety, except for a broken arm or leg. for the water was too shallow for drowning, but as soon as one grew to be 9 or 10 he turned his back on safety and sought the river. tt tt a There's where the sport was, the hazard being just enough to add a dash of horseradish, besides there was room on old Eel river, 300 feet of it from bank to bank and .then you could explore up and around toe curves where none had gone before and thereby hung a thrill. U U tt THIS reminds us of old Major McFaddin and the skating parties he used to give, and while you didn’t have this particular character in your town vou had one just like him, for such rare quaint souls ;vere common when the hangover of the frontier was still upon the middlewest. This particular major, like the one in your town, wore a broad felt hat, a long Prince Albert coat, low vest and broad white shirt front with an open collar and black string tie. a a a Every winter Major McFaddin gave a Christmas skating party and there were skates for all furnished oy the host, whose fine old face always reminded us of Gladstone’s. And the band was there and great fires along toe banks and things to eat Nobody ever missed the major’s skating parties, that is, none of the kids. tt The greatest Sport on that old river was the game >f shinny. They call it hockey now. because they play it with a ball and with manufactured clubs, the players wearing gaily colored suits, whereas we just used an old tin can and a crooked limb cut from a tree and as for wardrobes, we were not strictly the last word in fashion. But oh boy, the tun we had, .

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

There Is Some Justification for the Attitude France Takes on the Five-Power Naval Parley. WHATEVER else may be said ol it, the French note appears to have been thought out more carefully than some of the criticism to which it has been subjected. The New York World “wonders'’ if it would not be wiser to call off the naval conference, while out of Washington comes the suggestion that France may be counted out if it is held. Such views smack of childishness more than good sense. After all, France has done little, except to make a clear, candid statement not only with regard to her own position, but with regard to the problem of disarmament in general. o n it Those who interpret the French note as a trading proposition, or as revealing sinister motives, miss the mark. France has told the world what she thinks, rather than the conferees what she will do, and the conferees are sore not only because what she thinks may interfere with their present plans, but because it, reveals the weakness of their posi- | tion. a a a France Airs Views TO begin at the beginning, France thinks that the disarmament problem should not be handled by and through the League ox Nations. We Americans can not subscribe to that view, because our government is not a member. At the same time we so desire to have tne problem handled that we constantly are calling conferences and proposing agreement. Considering the fact that we not only played godfather to the League of Nations at Versailles, but virtually forced France to accept it, 1 our position is anomalous to say the least.

France thinks that the disarmament problems should be pproached as a whole, the air, land and naval forces should be regarded as interdependent, and that it is useless to look for a general solution of the problem by dealing with them separately. Such a view is but the natural outgrowth of her experience and circumstances. France has grown accustomed to fear attack by all three branches. We, on the other hand, can not visualize invasion except by sea, and can not get it into our heads that there is much of anything to the disarmament problem except naval reduction. a a a Attitude Is Narrow OUR thought is that if the proper kind of agreement can be reached between England and ourselves as to construction and maintenance of navies, the disarmament problem wall take care of itself, so far as we are concerned. France, because of her peculiar training and traditions, interprets this attitude as forecasting an Anglo-American alliance, and the chances are that we would feel the same way if we were Frenchmen. u a Both viewpoints are provincial, but, if anything, ours is more provincial than that of France. It certainly takes in less of the world, and provides less of a guarantee against future wars. Without realizing it, we are trying to make ourselves safe and at the same time escape any obligations for what may occur in Europe. To put it briefly, we refuse to recognize the difficulties and responsibilities that go with the problem outside of our own immediate sphere of operations. a a Situation Is Tangled WE propose a five-power naval conference, but chiefly for the purpose of establishing parity between England and ourselves, just as though the Mediterranean situation did not have to be taken into account. France wants parity with Italy in the Mediterranean, and Italy seems in a mood to accept it, but first both want to know r what England will agree to, while Spain comes forward to demand the internationalization of Gibraltar as the price of her co-operation. It goes without saying that the naval tonnage England is allowed to maintain in the Mediterranean will have some bearing on her total amount, and it goes without saying that this must be determined by a conference in which we are not directly interested. Just one illustration of how hopelessly the disarmament problem is complicated by the piecemeal methods we Americans w'ould substitute for toe League of Nations. Still, we can not afford to back water. The idea of getting mad and calling off the conference because France raises certain issues in a perfectly straight-forward way is not only absurd, but futile. The greater the differences that have arisen, the more essential it becomes to meet openly and thrash them out man fashion.

Questions and Answers

Is Waldo a nickname. It is a French personal name meaning “power.” In what picture does Lenore Ulric sing “The Right Kind of a Man?” “Frozen Justice.” Did a bill pass the last session of congress providing for an increase in the annuity of retired civil service employes? Yes, but President Coolidge did not sign it and it did not become a law. How old does one have to be to join the marine corps? Eighteen is toe minumum age. From 18 to 21 years, consent of parents Is necessary. _

Looks Like Another Bottle Baby!

” J

Man Must Fight Animals’ Diseases

This is the fifth of a scries of six articles in which Dr. Morris Fishbein, eu.tur of ms .ournai oi uie American Medical Association, and the nation's outstanding authority on health subjects, reviews th accomplishments of the year in the field of medical science. BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN. Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia. the ileaith Magazine. THE diseases which have aroused the most interest among physicians during the last year have been tularemia and undulant fever. Tularemia is a disease transmitted to man primarily through the agency of the rabbit, but also through contact with other rodent species. The disease formerly occasioned but little interest to human beings, but cases are being seen more and more frequently. The disease has been found not only in the United States, but in Japan recently, Germany and in many other countries. Undulant fever apparently is related to contagious abortions in cattle. The proof of this depends on immunologic studies which are difficult to understand by any one not versed in the technical studies of the human blood. More and more frequently cases of undulant fever, as it was can-... years ago, are being seen among human beings. Already attempts are being made

IT SEEMS TO ME By BROUN

TO preserve some bookish flavor in this weekly column, customarily devoted to reviews, it is necessary today to resort to poetry. Verse appears here seldom, and the present specimen is fortunately not my own. Edward Anthony’s inspiration was a prose paragraph in the January issue of Vanity Fair which declared roundly: “James Joyce’s ‘Ulysses’ unquesionably is the most important single volume of fiction written in cur time and by many considered the most important volume ever written.” It was, I imagine, the word “unquestionably” which aroused the muse of Anthony, but, at any rate, he sat down and wrote “A Pronouncement Is Made,” which runs as follows: “A well-dispensed superlative is something that I love. There’s nothing in the lit-ry world that I am fonder of. It aids us chaps who have no more discernment than a cat to know the most important this, the most important that. The superspecial greatest ever, adjectival lure is not for movies only, it’s invaded; Litrachor. “All pussyfooting critics I do pub- j licly disown, who can not spot the j finest thing the world has ever j known—who do not know or dare j not say (The Lily-Livered Sissys) eternity’s supremest tome is Dub- j lin Jim’s ‘Ulysses.’” a tt b Judgment LEAVING literature at this point, I can not refrain from commenting on Magistrate Sylvester Sabbatino’s oure for Communism David Welsh, 17-year-old, was brought to his court charged with soliciting alms in a subway train for the Gastonia textile strikers. Begging, unless under some special license, is clearly and properly a crime, no matter whether the object is worthy or otherwise. The magistrate would have been clearly within his rights in imposing some slight fine or reprimand upon the young man. Life in a crowded community such as New York hardly could be carried on if various individuals undertook to collect funds for Armenians and others in tight-packed subway trains. According to the newspaper reports, the gentleman on the bench remarked to the boy in open court “What you need is for me to have you in a two-by-four room. What I would do to you—l’d blacken your

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE.

to control the condition by insuring more extensive pasteurization of milk and by the elimination of cattle with contagious abortion from herds throughout the country. One of the most significant observations of recent years is the fact that the gap between the diseases that afflict animals and the diseases that afflict man is being more closely closed. Today man must be constantly aware of the fart that diseases affecting cattle, dogs, sheep, swine, horses and indeed every living thing in his vicinity may be a potential source of danger to man himself. The germs are living organisms and change their characteristics exactly as do human beings in response to changes in their heredity and in their environment. A significant discovery of the current year has been the fact that the serums for meningtis ordinarily potent have failed in some small epidemics that have occurred in this country during 1929. When the specific meningitis germ responsible was isolated and a serum prepared on the basis of the type of meningitis that concerns human beings today, the new erutn was found as efficient as the meningitis serum of a previous year had been against the meningitis of that period. Among the phases of the trend of

eyes and give you some real American spirit and do for you what your parents should have done.” tt o t Help! AND yet certain publicists wonder why the law and its process are insufficently respected in the United States. Surely somebody should undertake to complete the Americanization of Magistrate Sylvester Sabbatino before he is allowed to try any more cases. The educational process would have to begin pretty near the bottom, for Sabbatino does not seem to have grasped at all the function of the judiciary in a free country. In defense of the magistrate it might be said he has paid too much attention to certain American activities in behalf of Haiti and the furtherance of prohibition. From these models he might very well assume that America was devoted to the theory that public policy was a matter to be decided by force and terrorism alone. Yet generalizations should not be made upon isolated instances.

nULANSSSSa, r'J- Id ■ THC. ' i??Y.

SOCIETY OF JESUITS Dec. 30

ON Dec. 30, 1535, the Society of the Jesuits was founded by Ignatius Loyola, a Spanish monk, who entered into an agreement with five of his fellow students to undertake toe conversion of all unbelievers and a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. From this small beginning, it became a powerful society under the energy and shrewd policy of its leaders, and was raised to a degree of historical importance unparalleled in its kind. • Among Loyola’s followers were many learned men. His writing has formed the basis of toe spiritual training of the Jesuits themselves and the mold in which their retreats and missions are conducted in the Roman Catholic churches of the world. Today also is the anniversary of the signing of the treaty providing for toe Gadsea purchase, on Dec. 30, 1853.

medicine which have aroused particular Interest in recent years have been the attitude toward constitution' and environment as important factors in. disease. Studies made on the joints and on the blood of persons with rheumatic complaints indicated that definite chemical changes take place in the body when temperature and humidity change and that within reason human beings can anticipate changes in the weather by sensations of pain. In Germany particularly, but also m some great clinics in this countrv, there is coming to be more emphasis p'aced on the constitution or nature of the human being as inherited from his ancestors in relationship to the length of time that he will live and to diseases that he will have. Investigators in New York feel that the anatomy and nature of the human body are associated definitely with the diseases from which the human being is likely to suffer In the old days it was believed that certain types of people were likely to have tuberculosis, others asthma, and still others rheumatic complaints. Recent investigations tend to confirm this view. Next: New apparatus to aid the physician.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are these of one of America's most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with Ibe editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

Let Magistrate Sabbatino quit the bench for several years and go to night school. There he will learn that the business of a judge is to confine himself to the case ir hand and that trial by combat has been abandoned for centuries. tt u Borah Wins IT 1s encouraging to find prohibitionists fighting among themselves. Thus, Borah, who was a very lion among the drys during the last campaign, now has expressed grave doubts as to the efficiency of enforcement. To be sure, there have been few public problems which have not enlisted Borah’s very gallant efforts on both sides. Yet modificationists have a right to be very happy at his partial alienation from prohibition It is a good sign for better days to come. Senator Borah has prophetic vision. He is always ahead of his time In all Washington there is not a single public-servant who can keep pace with him in the matter of leaving a sinking ship. We used to boast of minute men, but they are antiquated. Show Borah even the most distant band wagon and he can climb on board in something like ten seconds flat. (CoDvrieht. 1929. by The Times*

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.DEC. 30, 1929

SCIENCE By DAVID DIETZ

Dr. Irwin Langmuir Given Well-Deserved Honor in Award of Chandler Medal , THE Chandler medal for achievement in science Just has been awarded by Columbia university to Dr. Irving Langmuir, president of the American Chemical Society and associate director of the Research Laboratory of the General Electric Company. Dr. Langmuir's career is one of the best examples of the modern fusion of so-called “Dure science” and “applied science.” Twenty years ago, the distinction between the two was plain. There were “practical” things to be done in the field of engineering, like building bridges for example. In the laboratories, were rsearch men interested in such problems of “pure" science as the constitution of the atom. But. Dr. Langmuir became one of the pioneers in the development of the atomic theory and then proceeded to put his knowledge of the atom and the electron to work. Asa result, he has made many inventions of great value. The gasfilled tungsten incandescent lamp was one of his inventions. Almost a billion of these bulbs have been manufactured in the United States. Because of their economy of operation. it is estimated that they save the public $1,000,000 every night. tt tt a Inventions \NOTHER of Dr Langmuir’s inventions is the high vacuum radio tube. The tube invented by Dr. Lee De Forest possessed a low vacuum. Dr. Langmuir, from his researches in the behavior of gases, saw the advantages of a high vacuum in such a tube. It is estimated that 10.000,000 high vacuum radio tubes are now in use. Another of his inventions is the atomic-hydrogen welding torch. This torch employes a jet of hydrogen gas through which an electric current is sent. Asa result, the molecules of hydrogen are broken up into atoms. Hydrogen is far more active in its atomic state than in its molecular state. Asa result, the torch gives an extremely hot flame which is suitable for welding the most refractory metals. Dr. Langmuir’s researches into physical chemistry have contributed largely to many of the advances in modern science. He was born in Brooklyn on Jan. 31, 1881. He was graduated from Columbia university, obtaining his Ph. D. at the University of Gottingen. Honorary degrees have been conferred upon him by Northwestern, Union, Columbia and Edinburgh universities. He has been awarded a number of other medals in the past. He has been at the General Electric laboratories in Schenectady since 1909.

The Atom THE first satisfactory theory to account for the arrangement of the electrons in the atoms of matter was worked out by Langmuir in collaboration with Dr. G. N. Lewis of the University of California. This theory, which became known as the Langmuir-Lewis theory, pictured the atoms as resembling toe Chinese toys which consist of nests of boxes, one within the other. According to the theory, the electrons were arranged around the nucleus or center of the atom in shells or zones in the same fashion. The two scientists worked out the number of electrons which each shell could hold and showed that the resemblance of various chemical elements could be explained by similar configurations of electrons within the imaginary shells. The Langmuir-Lewis theory fits toe facts of chemistry excellently and as a result, the atom, as they pictured it, became known as the “chemist’s atom.” The Langmuir-Lewis theory was expanded by Dr. Niels Bohr of Copenhagen. The Bohr atom, instead of picturing the electrons at definite points in zones, pictures them as revolving in orbits. The orbits, however, are grouped into zones, which are the same as those in the Langmuir-Lewis atom. The Bohr theory has held the field until recently. It appears now, however, tnat modifications of it w r ill be necessary as a result of the studies of wave mechanics.

Daily Thought

For he knoweth vain men; he seeth wickedness also; will he not then consider it? —Job 11:11. a a It is certain that either wise bearing or ignorant carriage is caught as men take diseases one of another; therefore, let men take heed of their company.—Shakespeare.