Indianapolis Times, Volume 41, Number 196, Indianapolis, Marion County, 26 December 1929 — Page 4

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The Real Issue at Auburn Beneath the dramatic externals in the crisis at Auburn prison—riots, machine guns, arson, assaults, Insanitary cells, bedbugs, inadequate food and the like—is a far more fundmental issue. It is nothing less than the question of whether a prison shall be a place in which to punish criminals or an institution for training convicts to become decent citizens. It once was believed that punishment and reformation went hand in hand —indeed, that punishment pi induced reformation. Few informed students of the crime problem would defend this posit.on today. The choice is a clear one between punishment and reformation. Governor Roosevelt’s personal investigator into conditions at Auburn prison has recommended the abolition of the Mutual Welfare League, on the ground that it contributed markedly to demoralization of discipline within the institution. Officials of the National Society for Penal Information deny the truth of this charge, condemn the report as hasty and ill-founded, and charge many of the guards with disloyalty to the warden and with a deliberate effort to discredit the league. Most persons will be inclined to let the matter rest by taking sides with respect to the accuracy or the unreliability of the report presented to the Governor. But the important fact is not how well or how poorly the league worked at Auburn. Rather it is the issue of whether American penology will accept or reject the principle upon which the Mutual Welfare League was conceived and operated. It is none other than the question whether American penal administration is going to pledge itself to continue the old system of cruel and repressive punishment or will experiment boldly with progressive measures which harmonize with scientific facts and elementary logic. There can be little doubt that the underlying thesis upon which Thomas Mott Osborne constructed the Mutual Welfare League is thoroughly sound. He perceived the obvious fact that convicts are not good citizens when they enter prison. He asked the inevitable question of how we could make them good citizens by the time they were discharged. The answer was clear: Only by giving them training in the duties and responsibilities of citizenship while in prison. The old repressive system in no way permitted any such training. But Osborne had for many years been connected with the management of the George Junior Republic. In this model democracy, juvenile delinquents managed their own affairs. They made and enforced their laws. If this system would work with child criminals, why would it not operate even better with adult convicts? Mr. Osborne possessed the courage of his convictions. He built up the Mutual Welfare League at Auburn and then introduced it elsewhere, notably at Sing Sing. He based it upon the logical position that if a man could not execute the duties of citizenship in the simple democracy of a self-governing prison community, he hardly could be expected to do so in the much more difficult conditions in the great society outside of prison walls. Osborne’s reasoning would seem to be convincing and his conclusions inescapable. Conspicuous success or failure in the operation of the league in a particular prison has little bearing upon the validity of the underlying principle. Local operation of the league depends in no small degree upon such factors as plant and personnel. Further, let the critics of the league ponder this: It is an unsettled question as yet whether the league worked badly or well at Auburn. There can be no doubt that the punitive and repressive system always has worked evil wherever it has been tried during the century and a quarter in which the modern prison has existed. Riots are not the most serious proof of the failure of a penal institution. Why This Impatience? The dry extremists are at it again. This time they are out to sink the national commission on law observance and enforcement. Senator Harris of Georgia Is the most ritbid. Having already attacked the commission because it is not holding more public hearings and because it has not yet made a report to congress, he now demands the resignation of Judge Paul J. McCormick, because that commissioner made a speech against “government lawlessness.” The senator’s action is probably just another result of that blindness which afflicts extremists on both sides of the prohibition question. Extreme drys have been knifing the commission from the first, because all the commission members are not fanatics. Extreme wets are angry because the commission seems to be investigating the actual operation of prohibition, rather than answering the political question of modification. But between these two partisan minorities is the great body of public men and citizens, desiring to give the commission a free hand in one of the most difflicult and most important studies ever attempted by a governmental body. The commission when created by the President was instructed to study the major aspects of crime, to determine what makes the United States the most lawless country in the world. That is a big order. Prohibition is part of the problem, but only part. Other phases include juvenile delinquency, treatment of aliens and of Negroes, organization of the courts and prisons, statistics of crime, police administration, and the like. If one phase of the commission’s study can be singled out as more important than any other, it is the investigation of lawlessness by law officers. That covers more than illegal gun play, housebreaking and wire-tapping by prohibition agents, which Senator Harris possibly does not want investigated. It covers the police third degree in criminal cases, prejudicial conduct by judges, the use of perjured testimony by prosecuting attorneys, and official reigns of terror against labor men. The study of crime can not be approached from one angle alone, as the extremists seem to think. Nor can the problem be solved by public hearings In which the propagandists for and against prohibition repeat their well-worn arguments and get their names in the papers. The comlmssion’s job Is one of patient, careful, scientific research. Here the country has been arguing for years about crime and prohibition, and most of the “facts” and figures are incomplete, partisan, worthless. Why not call off this war of words for awhile until the commission gets the facts and figures for us? Then Senator Harris and the rest of us can blast forth with our pet panaceas.

The Indianapolis Times (A SfKIPPS-HOWAK I> NEWSPAPER* OwnM and pnhUf-hed flally (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos 214-220 West Maryland Street, Indianapolis, Ind. Price in Marion County, 2 cents a copy; elsewhere. 3 cents—delivered by carrier, 12 cents a week. BOVI* GURLEY. ROY W. HOWARD, FRANK G. .MORRISON. Editor President Business Manager PHONE— Riley 5. r >M THURSDAY, DEC, 26. 1929. Member of United Press, Scripps Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way”

Eavesdropping It would be very useful if the country could have the opinion of United States Attorney-Genera: Mitchell on the question of telephone snooping by federal agents. It would be useful and interesting. For every time a federal agent anywhere listens secretly to a private telephone conversation, if he does so with the authority of the United States at-torney-general back of him, it means that the aUi-c ney-general himself is listening. Mitchell is responsible for the acts of his agents. If telephone snooping is authorized by the department of justice., Mitchell becomes a snooper of no more dignity than his humblest agent. This notion may shock Mr. Mitchell. By all accounts, he is not only an able lawyer, but a gentleman. But. we believe, his logical mirfd must accept this reasoning. There are some tilings gentlemen won’t do. Telephone eavesdropping is one of them. And yet the United States government, as a government, is about to commit itself to this practice. Already a majority of the United States supreme court has done so. This is understandable in a way. The dignified justices, in their quiet cloisters, are remote in person and in mind from the active agents of the law. It never would occur to Chief Justice Taft, for example, to slip a head receiver over his ears, hold his breath and listen tightly to what two strangers were saying—not even though he suspected these strangers of improper purposes. Chief Justice Taft just wouldn’t do that. He is above all tilings a gentleman. But, in principle, the chief justice has done that very thing. When he and four others of the court ruled that evidence thus obtained was admissible evidence m court—in their court—they made themselves party to the eavesdropping. They were parties to It just as much as if they had been hiding beside the agents, drinking in the conversation of the two unsuspecting telephone patrons. The United States government has moved altogether too far in the direction of espionage in recent years. It is time that it called itself up short. This is not czarist Russia. It is not Soviet Russia, nor yet Fascist Italy. It still is free America, it won’t remain free if the government asserts and maintains a right to pry into the privacy of its citizens. Attorney-General Mitchell did not start the present dangerous trend. But he is in position to stop it. The time to stop it is now. British Naval Rocks America’s plans for actual naval reduction at the London conference have hit the rock of British politics. There is talk of a British general election, as a result of the close parliamentary vote on the labor government’s coal bill. Anything that weakens the position of Prime Minister MacDonald at home injures the chances of a successful naval conference. At best MacDonald, in trying to carry out the Hoover-MacDonald program has to fight the die-hards of the admiralty, who helped wreck the Geneva conference. That the liberals have joined in a parliamentary vote with the torics against labor on the eve of the naval conference is disquieting. If there were a general election, probably labor would return with a majority in place of its present minority. But that apparent consolation of the laborites does not relieve the present pressure on MacDonald. In the interests of international peace it Is to be hoped that the prime minister will not let the tories bluff him into a big navy position.

REASON

SENA1 ORS CAPPER AND ALLEN of Kansas have put over the appointment of a member of the supreme court of Kansas to be a United States judge, a thing the Kansas constitution forbids. When the attention of the senators was called to the matter, they blandly replied that this part of their constitution had been violated for a long time. tt a tt Here you have the favorite indoor §port of Americans, dancing the Charleston cn the laws they don’t like; here you have the dangerous doctrine that one may select the laws he sees fit to obey and the laws he sees fit to defy. Os course, if the United States senators from Kansas have a right to break the organic law of their state, then the common people of Kansas have a right to break the statute law of their state. We long have been the most lawless people in the world, particularly since the dawn of our great industrial expansion following the Civil war, during which time our outstanding citizens have thrown a million clubs at laws, designed to curb their piracy. a a tt IT were inevitable that this continuing law defiance by the great should plant cynical regard for organized society in the hearts of plain people, and most of our criminals today are just chickens that have come home to roost, mest of the chickens having been directly hatched by polite outlaws whose names are in Who’s Who. it tt tt Great success is always arrogant and usually anarchistic. When you find it in a genius, he voices contempt for moral standards and insists he is not bound by the precepts which are the bedrock of decency; from his mountain top he proclaims that honor is not a Heaven-sent ordinance for all, but merely a manmade harness to restrain the lowly who struggle in the valley. m a When you find this arrogance in a warty son of avarice, he breaks laws and defies society to overtake him in the labyrinthian windings of litigation; he buys public officials; he packs courts; he brands as radical those who hold that all are equal before law; with none of the majesty of the kingly station, he declares that might makes right. a a WHEN you find this impudence in an emperor. he expresses nis contempt for treaties, h’o disdain of the rights of weak nations, his hatred of boundaries, which trip imperial ambition. And then he begins to speak of “voices from above” which command him to go forth and rule the “unfit.” # m $t When you find this law defiance in a smaller politician, such as a United States senator, he votes dry and drinks wet: he votes for the Jones five-year law and has “h:s” delivered at the senate office building: he votes to station customs officers at Detroit to stop incoming booze, then demands the freedont of the port for himself, or as in the case of Senators Capper and Allen, it is the violation of a constitution to put a friend on the bench.

FREDERICK By LANDIS

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

Our Beliefs With Regard to Past Events Are Not Particularly Important Even if We Do Quarrel a Great Deal Over Them. COMES the day after Christmas, with headaches for some, lean purses for others and a general sigh of relief. Yet, who would have it otherwise? Who believes that, in spite of all the hoopla, straining and jazzed up idealism, there is not something of elemental regeneration in the spirit? tt tt tt Last Monday night, we took our usual whirl with the radio. The music was fine, but the sketches were best of all, the school house entertainment at Mountainville, Community’s birthday celebration at Tompkins Corners, and a pretty little playlet entitled “The Eternal Question.” Everything centered around the Christmas spirit, of course—a successful young musician deciding to go home and see his long forgotten parents, an orphan baby finding a good home and kind friends among real folks, a society girl discovering that she could be happier by helping a sick little boy that by attending a charity ball. tt tt a Willing to Sacrifice AT 10:29 the thing was brought to a dramatic climax, when a voice broke into the medley cutting the word “Chicago” right in two with the announcement, “this station is signing off for a distress call from sea.” That Is what you might call translating the Christmas spirit into modem terms. A great broadcasting company not only had swept its advertising clients aside, but risked the effect of silence in a million homes for the sake of some far-away ship. It is a safe bet that very few of the listeners-in were unwilling to have their entertainment cut short for such a cause. a tt tt What odds whether there is a Santa Claus, whether Christ was born in the spring or the fall, whether heathenism combined with Christian doctrines to form a myth, so long as truth lurks in the background. Our belief with regard to past events are not particularly important, even if we do quarrel a great deal over them. Os far greater consequence are the conceptions o| human conduct to which those beliefs give birth. $t Everything Has Childhood Admitting that we can get along all right if the illusion of Santa Claus has been killed, since all of us must, could we get along all right if the spirit he embodies were killed? Or, to bring the thing closer home, would .iaz give way to the “S O S” if the legend of Santa Claus never had been conceived? It is delightful to imagine that we can rationalize the problems of life, stating them in the cold language of science, and solving them by some mechanical rule. There is about as much sense in it, however, as there would be in trying to mix calculus with nursery rhymes. a a a Everything human has its child-hood-races as well as individuals, religious ideas as well as the steel trust. Mature movements, activities and conceptions bear little more resemblance to what they were in the beginning than does a full-grown man bear to an infant. Yet through them all runs the thread of the original dream. tt tt Spirit Still Lives YOU and I have laid Santa Claus on the shelf, along with many other childish illusions, but not the spirit he symbolized. Were any one to ask us whether we believed such a person ever existed, we would say no. But when it comes to the thought out pf which the personality developed, and especially to the presence of that thought in our attitude toward human relationships, the riddle can not be dismissed so lightly. And where, one might ask, did the thought originate, or why has it not been crushed by the wheels of material progress? Such sages as Benjamin Franklin, Plato or Bergson probably would answer that the thought came from the instinctive desire to be decent, from man’s realization of his defects on the one hand, and his hope of overcoming them on the other. And they probably would add that the primitive mind could visualize only such thoughts through myth and symbol, that it needed something concrete, something with the appearance of physical being to give them forceful expression. But if it required genius to conceive the necessary myths, symbols, and personalities, the call for them came from the abstract hunger of the masses, the universal longing to be better.

Daily Thought

Woe unto them that rise up early in the morning, that they may follow stron~ drink; that continue until nig! : U wine inflame them.—lsaiah .iL a a a Though I look old, yet I am strong and lusty, for in my youth I never did apply hot and rebellious liquors in my blood.—Shakespeare. If a piece of wood, weighing one pound, is put in a pail of water the combined weight of pail and water being four pounds, how much will the whole weigh? The weight of the pail of water is increased by one pound if none of the water is displaced from the pail by the wood.

< # \ J- odd rd: KID- \ , YOU'PENOT /Wrf , THEY

Ultraviolet Ravs Aid Rickets Cure w

This is the second of a series of six articles written especially for The Times and NEA Service in which Dr. Morris Fishbein, editor of the Journal of the American Medical Association and the nation’s outstanding authority on health subjects, tells of the advances made by medical science in the year that is just ending. BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN, Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygcia, the Health Magazine. WITHIN recent years few of the developments in medical science have attracted the attention that has been given to the use of the ultraviolet rays for the prevention and treatment of rickets and also for their systemic effect? on the body. The ultraviolet is administered in various ways. It may be given directly from the sun, but in our large cities the smoke in the atmosphere,' particularly in winter, is sufficient to cut off practically all of the valuable rays from October until May. Ultraviolet does not pass through ordinary window glass and it is necessary to use special ultraviolet transmitting glass, many forms of which are now available, if any of the sun’s rays are to penetrate to those who need them. There are, in addition, especially built carbon arc and quartz mercury vapor lamps which are of value. The amount of ultraviolet rays supplied and the amount of infra red or heat rays supplied by various artificial sources depends on the size of the equipment, the intensity of the electrical power consumed and on similar factors.

IT SEEMS TO ME

THEY say that since the Democratic party of his native state declared against him, the chances are that Senator Heflin will not be returned to office. This is a bleak announcement to greet a columnist in the Christmas season. Heflin in Washington is worth at least two paragraphs a week to anybody dependent on the news for the source of his inspiration. Please, Santa Claus, can’t I have Tom In the toe of my stocking when I wake up on Christmas morning? My own dependence on Heflin and others like him (although, of course, there really is no one much like Heflin) is more acute than that of other columnists. Many readers and other kindly critics have pointed out to me that my best chance to be interesting is to be violently angry about something. “When you’re not mad, you’re an awful bore,” is the terse way they put it. And of the fundamental truth of this assertion I have little doubt. The words lumber and limp across the keyboard at such times as I am at peace with all the world. I don’t mean to suggest that they at once fall into formations of compelling prose at such times as I am not all hot and bothered, but at least they assemble themselves with more rapidity. u a No Buts THE cause of peace is not dependent wholly on any precise formula of international co-opera-tion. Mankind can prevent? wars by the simple process of actually repudiating conflict. I mean in the heart. Not much is to be hoped for from any leader who says, ‘Of course, we all deplore war, but—” Peace flies out of the window as soon as one “but” enters it. Race prejudice, bigotry, prohibition and all cruel forms of compulsion likewise could be carted away before the sun comes up to rise, if all of us honestly desired them to be gone forever. Indeed, I think some efficiency expert ought to try and interest Santa Claus in some such system of scavenging. As I understand the business of the big gift and reindeer man, he operates on a one-way basis, which is always wasteful. The factory, as we know, is situated near the pole. Z believe the

Speaking of Trimmings!

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE.

The carbon arc lamp yields more heat rays than does the quartz mercury vapor and should not be chosen when heat rays are not desired. By use of special carbons that are cored with certain chemicals, the carbon arc lamp may be made an excellent source ox heat rays as well as of ultraviolet rays. If the ultraviolet rays are not desired, the light can be passed through window glass, which will screen off the ultraviolet rays. It is necessary, however, to have the ultraviolet rays to get the vitamin D effect of ultraviolet. Vitamin D is an important substance in preventing rickets and in the treatment of that disease. It also seems to have some effect on the general health of the body. Vitamin D is especially profuse in cod liver oil, but cod liver oil is not especially palatable. Hence workers all over the world attempted to find out what was the active substance in cod liver oil and various special tablets of extracts were prepared which contained vitamin D. Then it was found that a chemical substance called ergosterol was the precursor of vitamin D. That is to say, when ergosterol is submitted to ultraviolet rays, vitamin D is developed in that substance. Now concentrated extracts of vitamin D made by irradiating ergosterol are available and it is possible to give all of the vitamin D effects of cod liver oil to an infant in a few drops of irradiated ergos-

north one has been chosen, to avoid the traffic congestion which exists in the neighborhood of the south pole. Far from the travel lands, Santa Claus loads his sled with toy drums, diamond rings and smoking jackets. Galloping madly, he manages to leave some gift for every good little boy and girl, and some rather less respectable, which is as it should be. An endless amount of research and snooping would be necessary if Mr. Claus had to pause by every chimney and examine the records to ascertain whether Miss Yvette Casanova was truly deserving through good conduct, of a wrist watch set with rubies. a a Suggestion UP to this point the conduct of the concern seems expertly managed, but consider the moment when the last package has been stuffed into a stocking. Then Santa Claus goes back to the remote headquarters with an empty sled. What kind of management is that? I think the reindeer should drag

S>A!iY

BATTLE OF TRENTON December 26 ON Dec. 26, 1776, the battle of Trenton, N. J., was fought. The Americans under George Washington crossed the Delaware on a cold and stormy night and surprised the Hessians at sunrise. Colonel Rhalle and twenty men were killed and the remainder of the 1,000 surrendered. Os the Americans, two were killed and two froze to death. This well-judged and successful enterprise revived the depressed spirits of the colonists and produced an immediate and happy effect in recruiting the American army. Another historical event which took place on Dec. 26 was the theater fire in Richmond, Va., in 1811, in which 123 persons perished, including the Governor of the state.

i terol. This substance is called in * the trade “viosterol.” ! It must be remembered, however, | that viosterbl contains only the vitamin D effects and does not pro- | vide the vitamin A which is also j present in cod liver oil and which ! is believed to be of special importance in aiding resistance to disease. Hence special preparations have beeix prepared of fortified cod li v er oil, which contains all of the vitamin D power of irradiated ergosterol and, in addition, the Vitamin A which is necessary and valuable. Find a Safer Lamp Because of the danger of overdosage of ultraviolet rays, experts j throughout the world have been j attempting to develop a special bulb which would give about the intensity of sunlight, and would not therefore be as dangerous to the eyes and to the tissues generally as the powerful ultraviolet which comes from the carbon arc jor the large quartz mercury vapor j lights. Within the last year there have | been developed both in Germany j and in this country, bulbs which | give only the intensity of sunI light, and these can now be ! bought with an ordinary floor j lamp—more expensive, of course, than the ordinary floor lamp because of the special bulb and transformer. Such a lamp can be placed in any room arid children can be submitted to it for several hours without danger of burning or overdosage. Next: Overcoming the toxic gases.

W p HEYWOOD y BROUN

back just as much as they bring, so that the balance of trade may be preserved. And it is my notion that Santa Claus should take away with him those things which the world can famously afford to discard. Instead of hanging up a stocking, let the householder pin to his mantelpiece some hate, or prejudice, or pettiness. And Santa, coming down the flue, can pause long enough to pack the prejudice and leave in its place a safety razor. Where once there hung a hatred, a dozen neckties dangle. He leaves species for spites, and animal crackers in exchange for animosities. Maybe the reindeer would not applaud the plan which I suggest. There is no denying that Santa Claus would begin the homeward journey heavy laden. Still, he need not bring the freight all the way home. As soon as the shoreline has been left behind and one of the deeper spots of the ocean lies beneath, he could call out “Whoa!” to the prancing steeds. And add, “Steady, boys. Hold it for a second while I tip the sleigh and dump a lot of rubbish.” (CoDvrluht. 1929. bv The Times)

Editor Times—lt is with a feeling of deep regret that I read so often of the tearing down of the two wellknown old churches in the War Memorial Plaza, the First Baptist and Second Presbyterian, which I think will be a terrible sacrilege and sin against God. It always has seemed to me they were built for that special spot in the city and create a soothing, peaceful, religious atmosphere in that square that nothing else could do, and I feel sure that to a certain well-known musician It would prove a sad, sad thing to destroy that which has been associated with experiences in one of those churches. Before this terrible sacrilege is committed why not, in. your wonderful paper, be outspoken In your ideas of justice, call on all Protestant Christians of this city and elsewhere to express their views on this subject.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those of one of America's most inter* estimr writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

Times Readers Voice Views

mi- - .DEC. 26, iy2i>

SCIENCE Bv DAVID DIETZ—

Scientists Are Assuming a More and More Important Position in the Affairs of the World. THE Age of Science, as the present age is sometimes called. Is becoming a true age of science, with scientific men contributing not merely autos, radios and other pieces of machinery to it, but beginning to assume dominant positions in the cultural and political life of the times. This is the opinion of Lawrence W. Wallace, executive secretary of the American Engineering council, who just has completed, in collaboration with J. E. Hannum, a New York engineer, a survey of “Engineers in American Life.” Men of science are assuming a dominant position in American life. Wallace says. “By supplementing with broad humanistic and scholarly interests, the technical genius responsible for the ‘Machine Age,’ they are becom- | ing a controlling force in culture, I politics, finance and education," he | says. He supports his views by statis- ! tics to show that of the 28,805 “notI able living men and women” named |in “Who’s Who In America," 30.4 per cent are men of science. In- | eluded in this percentage are 2,858 J engineers and architects. : “Among these 2,858 engineers and architects there are ten Governors, thirteen members of Congress, two members of the cabinet and the President of the United States,” he says. u tt u Leaders W’ ALLACE attacks the view, frequently expressed, that scientific men are cold-blooded and that they are seeking to mechanize civilization. “The findings of this survey clearly show that engineers and architects are versatile, not narrow, j internationally, not provinclally, | minded, leaders, qot followers, > scholarly not unlearned, cultured. | not rude, humane, not cruel, lovers, : not haters of mankind,” he says. “The hope and the promise once pictured for the engineering profession are being fulfilled. For the Indications are that men of science are becoming the organizers and directors of the civilizing energies of the world In the interest of all mankind. j “However inspiring and satisfying ! these indications may be, though, | they should not be permitted to j flatter the vanity of the members i cf the profession, but rather to impart a feeling of humility. “It must be remembered that the j ideal of the engineering profession ;is one which it will approximate more and more, just as it becomes i more and more humanized and en- | lightened. The challenge to the | profession is to supply a type of leadership which will be sympathetic, encouraging and strengthening.” Discussing further the engineers and architects listed in “Who’s j Who in America," Wallace says, j “The men studied hold member- | ships in 1,138 associations, comrnisi; ions, conferences and the like, half of which are nontechnical. “Txie activities of these organizations touch practically every interest of mankind. They are not restricted geographically, but are located in many parts of the world.” a a Hopeful IN this writer’s opinion, the entrance of men of science into the ! general affairs of the world is one of the most hopeful signs of the times. It is a fact that many of the Ills frequently are laid by critics upon the doorstep of the scientists. But is is important to remember that up to the present scientific men have been engaged in giving inventions to the world. The control and management of these Inventions have not stayed in scientific hands. As Bertrand Russell, famous British philosopher, has pointed out, they frequently pass into the hands of politicians, for example. Dr. Burton E. Livingston, permanent secretary of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, once made the statement that science had produced sufficient inventions to date to insure the happiness of every living person if these inventions were put to their best possible use. But only too frequently, be charged, they were put to their worst possible use. Dynamite, for example, can be used to clear land, make new habitations for man out of the wilderness, and spread civilization. But dynamite can also be used to wage war, destroy habitations and retard civilization. It is a hopeful sign to see that scientific men are beginning to realize that their responsibilities to the world do not cease with the production of new inventions. They must lend their brains also to the control and management of them. They must help the world adjust itself to the new conditions which new inventions create.

Christ church, in the very center of this city, seems like the Spirit of Christ resting in the very heart of Indianapolis, and those other two churches have their own special places in the War Memorial Plaza. They seem in their solemn way to sanctify and to elevate God, the souls of those worthy dead for which the artistic memorial is erected. To all ex-soldiers living and the families of those now dead, I believe these two churches existing on the plaza seem to them and all Christians a more sacred and fitting memorial than any other. Too, these churches are located downtown and are more easily reached by the members and others wishing to attend. Christ and the churches are being pushed out of the downtown business section, out to far-off locations, where the poor can not attend and have no desire to go. E. J* GUY.